I-Los Amabhayisikili amathathu anezinjini aseyingxenye ebalulekile ukuhamba kanye nezokuthutha ezincane ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba. Okwaqala ukudala ukumangala ngisho nokungathembani e-Italy yangemva kwempi namuhla kuyisisombululo sansuku zonke sokulethwa kwezimpahla emadolobheni, ukuthuthwa kwabagibeli ezindaweni eziseduze nasezindleleni zokuhamba ngezinyawo, ngisho nezinsizakalo zikamasipala emadolobheni anamuhla.
Nakuba ekuqaleni zingase zibukeke njengesithuthuthu esinebhokisi ngemuva, izimoto ezinamasondo amathathu zibukeka kahle. izimoto ezinomlando wazoIzinhlobo ezahlukene, izinzuzo ezicacile kakhulu kunezinye izindlela zokuhamba, kanye nomthelela omkhulu kwezomnotho nakwezenhlalo emazweni afana neMexico, iColombia, neSpain. Ake sibheke kabanzi ukuthi ziyini, zisetshenziswa kanjani, yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona, nokuthi kungani zithola idumela elikhulu kangaka.
Iyini ngempela isithuthuthu esinamasondo amathathu?
Imoto enamasondo amathathu, empeleni, imoto elula enamasondo amathathu noma amane Yakhelwe ukuthutha imithwalo, abagibeli, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-chassis yesithuthuthu kanye nenjini njengesisekelo sayo, inezela ipulatifomu, ibhokisi, noma ikhabhini ngemuva ukuze ithuthe izimpahla noma inikeze izihlalo ezivikelekile zabantu.
Ngenxa yomklamo wazo omncane, lezi zimoto Baphatha ngokushesha njengesithuthuthu Kodwa zinikeza umthamo womthwalo osondela koweveni encane. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kokuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle yikona okuzenze zaba amathuluzi okusebenza abalulekile emabhizinisini amancane, abashayeli bezimpahla ezithunyelwayo, abashayeli bamatekisi ezithuthuthu, kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi.
Kuye ngemithetho yezwe ngalinye, ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu elinomshini lingabhekwa njengohlobo lwesithuthuthu esinamasondo amathathu, ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu elinomshini, noma ngisho, uma lisebenza ngogesi futhi linamasondo amane, ibhayisikili elincane elinezineKuzo zonke izimo, ifilosofi iyafana: ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu.
Umlando omncane: kusukela e-Italy ngemva kwempi kuya emhlabeni wonke
Umqondo wemoto yesimanje enamasondo amathathu waqala eYurophu, ikakhulukazi e-Italy, eminyakeni eyalandela iMpi Yezwe II. Kulowo mongo, Izwe lalidinga izixazululo zokuhamba ezishibhilekulula ukukukhiqiza futhi kukwazi ukuhamba emigwaqweni emincane, echithwe yimpi.
Ekuqaleni, umqondo wokufaka ibhokisi lezimpahla ohlakeni lwesithuthuthu wadala ukungabaza okukhulu; abaningi babecabanga ukuthi kuzoba yinto edlulayo engenakusasa eliqhakazile. Kodwa-ke, amandla ayo njengemoto yokusebenza yabasebenzi bezandla, abashayeli bezimpahla, kanye nabaninimabhizinisi amancane asheshe abonakala.
Iphayona kwakunguMoto Guzzi, owasungula imodeli yawo ye-Ercole ngo-1928, ebhekwa njengenye yezimoto zokuqala eziphumelelayo ezinamasondo amathathu. Abanye abakhiqizi base-Italy kamuva bajoyina, njenge MV Agusta, Aermacchi, Lambretta noma PiaggioUPiaggio uzoba nesibopho semoto enamasondo amathathu edumile kakhulu emhlabeni: i-Ape, eseyisithonjana sezokuthutha okulula zaseYurophu futhi enezinhlobo zezimpahla, abagibeli ngisho nemizimba ekhethekile yokuthengisa emigwaqweni.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo mqondo wasakazekela e-Asia, e-Afrika naseLatin America, wajwayelana nemakethe ngayinye. Kwamanye amazwe amaningi, izimoto ezinamasondo amathathu zashintsha zaba amatekisi esithuthuthu noma ama-aurickshaw, enikeza uhlelo lwezokuthutha zomphakathi olungabizi emadolobheni anezinkinga ezinkulu zethrafikhi kanye nokuntuleka kwengqalasizinda.
Izinhlobo zamabhayisikili anama-tricycle anenjini: imithwalo, abagibeli, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuxubile
Namuhla, izimoto ezinamasondo amathathu zihlanganisa uhla olubanzi lwezilungiselelo. Nakuba ukwakheka okuyisisekelo kuphindaphindwa, umehluko esigabeni sangemuva yiwona onquma ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuyinhloko.
1. Izithuthuthu zemithwalo
Lezi zivame kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhweba ezilula nezimboni. Zihlanganisa ipulatifomu evulekile, umzimba we-tipper, ikheji, noma indawo evaliwe lapho kufakwa khona izimpahla. Ngokuvamile zinikeza amandla okuthwala umthwalo angaba yisigamu sethani, kuye ngemodeli kanye nemithetho yendawo.
Ngikujwayele ukulethwa kwamaphasela asedolobheniZisetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa ukudla neziphuzo, ukuthutha izinto zokwakha, ukuhambisa amathuluzi okusebenza, noma ukuhlinzeka ngamabhizinisi amancane. Emadolobheni amaningi nasezindaweni ezizungezile, ziyindlela engcono kakhulu esikhundleni samaveni, abiza kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuwasebenzisa.
2. Izithuthuthu zabagibeli (amatekisi ezithuthuthu)
Kulesi simo, ingxenye engemuva iguqulwa ibe yikhabhini noma indawo yokuhlala eyenzelwe ukuthwala abagibeli. Ngokuvamile banophahla, izinhlangothi ezivulekile kancane noma ezivaliwe, futhi, kwezinye izimo, iminyango. ELatin America nase-Asia, zaziwa kabanzi ngokuthi amatekisi esithuthuthu noma ama-aurickshawfuthi zisebenza njengezithuthi zomphakathi ezingahlelekile noma ezingahlelekile ngokuphelele.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukumboza uhambo olufushane ezindaweni eziseduze, ezindaweni zasemadolobheni eziminyene, noma ezindaweni zasemakhaya, lapho Amabhasi avamile awafiki. noma azizuzisi kakhulu. Amanani ngokuvamile ayathengeka futhi isevisi iguquguquka kakhulu, okwenza kube inketho ethandwayo kubantu abanezinsiza ezimbalwa.
3. Izithuthuthu ezixubile nezilungisiwe
Kusukela ngebhayisikili elinezithuthuthu ezintathu, izinkampani eziningi kanye nosomabhizinisi benza izinguquko ezithile: amamojula avaliwe okushisa aphansi okudla, izakhiwo zokuthengisa emigwaqweni, ama-ambulensi amancane asemakhaya, izindawo zokucwala izinwele ezihambayo, izinsizakalo zezilwane ekhaya, ukulethwa kwegesi noma amanzi okukhethekile, phakathi kokunye.
Lo mthamo omkhulu wokwenza ngokwezifiso wenza imoto enamasondo amathathu ithuluzi elisebenza ngezindlela eziningi, ekwazi ukungena ezindaweni ezithile lapho ezinye izimoto zingalingani khona noma zingenzeki kalula.
Amabhayisikili amathathu anezinjini eMexico: enye indlela yebhizinisi nezokuthutha
EMexico, amabhayisikili anama-tricycle ahamba ngezimoto asuke ekubeni yinto engavamile aphenduka abe ikhambi langempela lezinkinga zokuhamba Bese kuba nezindleko zokuhamba ezikhuphukayo. Emadolobheni amaningi, ithrafikhi enkulu, imigwaqo emincane, kanye nemikhawulo yokupaka kwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa amaveni namaloli amancane "emayela okugcina" adumile.
Kulesi simo, ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu elinomshini lifanelana kahle: livumela ukulethwa kwama-oda e-commerce, ukunikezwa kwezitolo zomakhelwane, ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla ezivela ezimakethe zendawo, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokulethwa ekhaya. ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi kakhulu phambi kwezimoto ezinkulu.
Ebhizinisini elincane, ukutshala imali emotweni entsha enamasondo amathathu kuvame ukuthengeka kakhulu kunokuthenga iveni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka okulula kwemoto kunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa, futhi ukuphuka okukhulu akuvamile futhi kushibhile ukukulungisa ezindaweni zokusebenzela eziyisisekelo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umthamo womthwalo, ovame ukuba phakathi kuka-400 no-800 kg kuye ngohlobo, wanele amabhizinisi afana nezitolo zokudla, izitolo zehadiwe, amakhemisi, amabhikawozi, noma izinsizakalo zokulethwa kokudla. Ngakho-ke, Ezokuthutha zansuku zonke zilungiselelwe kahle ngaphandle kokukhokhela imoto enkulu kakhulu ngenani elivamile lempahla.
Ezindaweni ezinemigwaqo emincane kakhulu noma izindawo eziseduze ezinezinhlelo zasemadolobheni eziyinkimbinkimbi, isithuthuthu esinamasondo amathathu sinikeza ukushelela okulula okungenakukwazi ukukufanisa neveni. Ukukwazi ukushayela kuze kufike emnyango wekhasimende, ukulayisha nokukhipha izimpahla ezindaweni ezincane, nokuhamba emigwaqweni kalula kwenza umehluko omkhulu ezikhathini zokulethwa kanye nokonga uphethiloli.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko kunezinye izimoto
Amabhayisikili amathathu anezinjini athole indawo yawo ngoba, ezimweni eziningi, anikeza isilinganiso sezindleko/izinzuzo okunzima ukusinqobaUma kuqhathaniswa nezithuthuthu, amabhayisikili anama-tricycle aqhutshwa ngesandla, amaveni noma ama-pick-up, anikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezicacile zokusetshenziswa kobungcweti.
Ukonga uphethiloli nokulungisa
Elinye lamandla emoto enamasondo amathathu ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuphansi kukaphethiloli. Nakuba iveni elula ingahamba cishe ngamakhilomitha ayi-10-12 ngelitha, izinhlobo eziningi zezimoto ezinamasondo amathathu zifinyelela phakathi kwamakhilomitha angama-25 nama-35 ngelitha, kuye ngomthwalo othwalwayo kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa.
Izinjini zabo, ngokuvamile, zilula futhi zifinyeleleka kalula, okusho ukuthi izibuyekezo ezingabizi kakhulu kanye nezingxenye ezingabizi kakhulu. Akudingeki njalo ukuthi uye egaraji elisemthethweni elinemishini ekhethekile kakhulu: ezimweni eziningi, indawo yokusebenzela yezithuthuthu enolwazi ingenza ukulungiswa okuyisisekelo ngaphandle kwenkinga.
Umthamo womthwalo olungiselelwe
Naphezu kokubukeka kwayo okuncane, imoto enamasondo amathathu ingathwala imithwalo eminingi. Amanye amamodeli aklanyelwe umsebenzi onzima eLatin America anomthamo womthwalo ongaba yisigamu sethani, into engacabangeki ngesithuthuthu esilula.
Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kosayizi omncane kanye nomthamo omuhle kwenza kube kuhle kakhulu kumabhizinisi adinga Thutha imithwalo nsuku zonke ngaphandle kokukhipha izimpahla ebhokisini ekuphethilolini nasekugcinweni: abasabalalisi abancane, abathengisi bendawo, abakhiqizi bezolimo, ama-workshop okusiza ekhaya, njll.
Ukusebenziseka kalula kanye nokufinyelela emigwaqweni eyinkimbinkimbi
Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezindala, ezindaweni ezingahlelekile, noma ezindaweni zasemakhaya ezinemigwaqo emincane noma engagandayiwe, amabhayisikili anamasondo amathathu anenjini ahamba kalula. Irediyasi yawo yokujika incane kuneyeloli elithwala impahla, futhi ububanzi bawo buwenza afanelekele imigwaqo lapho imoto ingenakukwazi ukungena khona noma ibambeke khona.
Lokhu kushesha kuhumushela ku- imizila yokulethwa okusheshayoIsikhathi esincane esichithwa emigwaqweni kanye nezindlela ezimbalwa eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho upaka noma ulayisha futhi ukhipha impahla. Okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthweni kwempahla kwasemadolobheni okuhamba ibanga elide.
Izindleko zokuthenga ezingabizi
Ukuthenga imoto entsha enamasondo amathathu ngokuvamile kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi kakhulu kunokuthenga iveni, ngisho nohlobo olulula kakhulu. Kwabaningi osomabhizinisi, abasebenza ngokuzimela, kanye nabaninimabhizinisi amancane, lokhu kwenza umehluko phakathi kokuqala ibhizinisi lokuletha noma ukuqhubeka nokuthembela kubantu besithathu.
Uma ungeza intengo ephansi kakhulu yokuthenga ku- izindleko zokusebenza ezincishisiweImbuyiselo yokutshalwa kwezimali ingaba ngokushesha kakhulu. Kunezimo lapho, ngokusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezinsizakalo noma ukulethwa, isithuthuthu "sizikhokhela" ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ukuhlukahluka kwezicelo
Kusukela esisekelweni esifanayo, kungathuthukiswa izixazululo ezihlukene kakhulu: amatekisi esithuthuthu sabagibeli, ukulethwa okukhethekile (igesi, amanzi, amaphasela), izinsizakalo zokuhlanza, ama-ambulensi amancane, izimoto zokulungisa zikamasipala, izindawo zokulungisa izinwele ezihambayo noma amayunithi ezilwane, njll.
Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza imoto enamasondo amathathu ibe ummese weqiniso we-Swiss Army wokuhambaI-chassis efanayo ingashintshwa ukuze ihambisane nemisebenzi eyahlukahlukene, noma iguqulwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma izidingo zomnikazi zishintsha.
Indima yamabhayisikili anamasondo amathathu anezinjini emiphakathini kanye nasemabhizinisini amancane
Ngaphandle kwezici zobuchwepheshe, amabhayisikili anama-tricycle anezinjini anomthelela oqondile empilweni yansuku zonke yezinkulungwane zabantu. Kwabaningi, Akuzona nje izindlela zokuhambakodwa kunalokho ithuluzi labo eliyinhloko lokusebenza kanye nesisekelo sokuzimela kwabo kwezomnotho.
Esitolo sendawo, ukuba nemoto yokulethwa enamasondo amathathu kuvumela ukulethwa ekhaya, ukuhlinzeka amanye amabhizinisi aseduze, noma ukuya emakethe yokuthengisa ngobuningi ngaphandle kokuthembela kubantu besithathu. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kwebhizinisi futhi kwandise ukufinyelela kwalo emphakathini.
Esitolo sama-tortilla, ebhikawozi, noma ebhizinisini lokudla okulungisiwe, ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu elinomshini lenza kube lula ukulethwa kwemithwalo emikhulu emabangeni amafushane, kunciphisa isikhathi sokulethwa kanye nokwenza ngcono imizila. Ngale ndlela, Khulisa imali engenayo ngaphandle kwezindleko ezikhuphuka kakhulu Ezokuthutha.
Emiphakathini yasemakhaya, amatekisi ezithuthuthu agcwalisa umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emphakathini. Axhumanisa izindawo zasemakhaya nesikhungo sedolobha, ayise abafundi esikoleni, asondeze izakhamuzi eduze kwezikhungo zezempilo noma emakethe, futhi akwenza lokho ngentengo engabizi yomgibeli.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibhayisikili ngalinye elinamasondo amathathu elinomshini limelela umsebenzi owodwa noma eminingi: umshayeli, umnikazi, umakhenikha othembekile, njll. Ngakho-ke, komasipala abaningi, izinhlelo zokufaka esikhundleni sezimoto ezidonswa yizilwane ngamabhayisikili amathathu anezinjini, okuthuthukisa izimo zokusebenza zabashayeli kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane.
Amabhayisikili amathathu anezinjini eColombia: ukuvunyelwa, ukukhula kanye nokusetshenziswa kwangempela
IColombia ingenye yamazwe lapho ukusetshenziswa kwamabhayisikili amathathu anezinjini kubonakale khona ukukhula okubonakalayo eminyakeni yamuva nje. Emadolobheni amakhulu, komasipala nasezindaweni zasemakhaya, Isizisungule njengesixazululo sokuthutha kanye nomsebenzi izinkulungwane zemindeni.
Ingqophamlando ebalulekile kwaba yisinqumo soMnyango Wezokuthutha sokuqhubekela phambili nokulawula amatekisi ezithuthuthu. Ngenhloso yokwenza lula umsebenzi wabashayeli nokuhlinzeka ngohlaka olucacile lwezomthetho, kwamenyezelwa ukushicilelwa kwesinqumo esithile salezi zimoto.
Ukuze uthole umbono ngobukhulu balesi simo, kumasipala waseSoledad, eduze Amatekisi ezithuthuthu abhalisiwe angu-6.000 kuma-cooperatives ayishumi nambili. Lokhu akubonisi nje kuphela isidingo sezokuthutha, kodwa futhi nezinga lokuhleleka kwalo mkhakha kanye nokubaluleka kwawo ngaphakathi kokuhamba kwabantu bendawo.
Ngokwemakethe, isigaba sezithuthuthu zempahla eColombia sikhuphuke kakhulu: eminyakeni emithathu nje kuphela, ukuthengiswa kwehle kusuka kumayunithi angaba ngu-1.600 ngo-2018 kwaya ngaphezu kuka-8.000 ngo-2021. Lokhu kukhula kungenxa yokuthi amabhizinisi amaningi amancane nosomabhizinisi baye babona isithuthuthu sempahla njengethuluzi lokusebenza eliphumelelayo nelingabizi.
Izinkampani ezifana ne-AKT Motos zinegalelo kulokhu kuchuma ngokunikeza amamodeli afana neKarguero 3W 200, i-a imoto enamasondo amathathu eyenzelwe ngqo ngomsebenzi wezimpahla ensimini, emadolobheni aphakathi, nasezindaweni zasemadolobheni amakhulu. Ngokusho kwedatha evela kumkhiqizo uqobo, ezifundeni ezifana ne-Eastern Plains (i-Villavicencio, i-San José del Guaviare, njll.), cishe ama-70% ezithuthuthu ezithengisiwe ahambisana nekhathalogi yazo.
Izizathu zokuthandwa kwazo eColombia zicacile: izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi, ukulungiswa okulula (okufana kakhulu nokwesithuthuthu), umthamo omuhle wemithwalo, kanye nokusekelwa kwemikhiqizo enezinsizakalo eziningi kanye namanethiwekhi ezingxenye ezisele. Kubasebenzisi abaningi, ukuthenga i-motocarro kumele ukufinyelela ngqo emalini engenayo ezinzile, ngezibalo, ngokusho kobufakazi obuthile, ezingaba nokuncintisana okukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imisebenzi.
Ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinzuzo zomphakathi zamabhayisikili anama-tricycle anezinjini eColombia
Ngokwesimo saseColombia, i-motocarro ifeza imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene kakhulu: ukuthuthwa kwabagibeli bendawo, ukusekela amabhizinisi omakhelwane, ukusatshalaliswa kwezimpahla, izinsizakalo zomphakathi, kanye nemisebenzi yezolimo. Konke lokhu kunesici esisodwa esifanayo: ukuhamba okusebenzayo nokungabizi ezindaweni lapho ezinye izimoto zinezinkinga khona.
Ezindaweni zasemakhaya, zivame ukusetshenziswa ukuthutha imikhiqizo yezolimo ezindaweni zokuqoqa noma ezimakethe zasemakhaya. Ikhono lazo lokuhamba emigwaqweni engagandayiwe kanye nokumelana kwazo nomsebenzi onzima kuzenza zifaneleke kakhulu kulesi simo.
Komasipala abasogwini noma labo abanezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengedolobha laseCapurganá eChocó, amatekisi ezithuthuthu asephenduke isikhungo sezokuthutha sendawoKukhona iqembu lamabhayisikili amathathu ahamba ngezimoto angaba ngu-120 anesibopho sokuthutha imithwalo esuka echwebeni, ukuphakela amabhizinisi esifundeni, kanye nokuthutha abagibeli ezindaweni ezahlukene endaweni yasemakhaya.
Omunye umthelela obalulekile ukushintshwa kancane kancane kwezimoto ezidonswa yizilwane. Ezindaweni ezifana nesifunda saseCurrulao, kumasipala waseTurbo, izinhlelo ezihlangene ziye zakhuthazwa phakathi kweziphathimandla zikamasipala nezomnyango ukuze ukushintshanisa izinqola ezidonswa amahhashi ngamabhayisikili anama-tricycle anenjiniLokhu kuthuthukisa izimo zokuthuthwa kwempahla, kuvikela izilwane, futhi kukhuthaza ukuhamba kahle.
Ukukhula kwalo mkhakha kuhambisane nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokusekela yangempela: izindawo zokuthengisa ezikhethekile, izikhungo zesevisi yobuchwepheshe, kanye nezindawo zokugcina izingxenye ezisele zisakazeke kulo lonke izwe. Imikhiqizo efana ne-AKT Motos ihlanganise amanethiwekhi namakhulu ezikhungo ezigunyaziwe kanye nama-workshop aqinisekisa ukwesekwa okwanele kwalezi zimoto.
Amabhayisikili amathathu anezinjini eSpain: ukulethwa kwezindawo zasemadolobheni kanye nezinsizakalo zikamasipala
ESpain, umqondo wesithuthuthu esinamasondo amathathu usushintshe waba izimoto ezilula ezinamasondo amathathu noma amaneLezi zimoto, ezisebenza ngogesi kakhulu, zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zasemadolobheni zobungcweti. Aziyona itekisi yesithuthuthu yakudala, kodwa zisetshenziswa njengeyunithi yokulethwa, ukuhlanza imigwaqo, kanye nezinye izinsizakalo zikamasipala.
Lawa mabhayisikili amathathu esimanje anezinjini avame ukusetshenziswa ekulethweni kwamaphasela emadolobheni, ekuqoqweni kwemfucuza ekhethiwe ezindaweni zomlando, ekunakekelweni kwamapaki nengadi, ekuthuthweni kwempahla ezindaweni zabahamba ngezinyawo, kanye nasekuthuthweni kwamathuluzi nezinto zokwakha ngamabutho kamasipala.
Inzuzo yayo eyinhloko ukuthi ingafinyelela ezindaweni lapho amaveni Abakwazi ukungena ngenxa yobukhulu noma imikhawulo yethrafikhi. Ezindaweni zomlando ezinemigwaqo emincane kakhulu, izindawo zabahamba ngezinyawo, noma izindawo ezinethrafikhi encane kakhulu, amabhayisikili anama-tricycle amancane (ikakhulukazi asebenza ngogesi) ahamba ngokukhululeka.
Ukwanda kwezindawo ezikhipha umoya ongcolile (ama-LEZ) kanye nokwanda kwemikhawulo ezimotweni ezingcolisayo kunikeze amandla athile ezimotweni zikagesi ezinamasondo amathathu. Lezi zinhlobo azinikezi ukukhishwa komoya endaweni, umsindo oncishisiwe, kanye nokulula kokuthobela imithetho yezemvelo, kuyilapho futhi kunciphisa ukuminyana kanye nokupaka okuphindwe kabili.
Izinkampani zokulethwa kwamaphasela, izinsizakalo zasemadolobheni, osonkontileka bokuhlanza nokulungisa, kanye namakhansela amaningi amadolobha, sebeqalile ukufaka lezi zimoto emikhunjini yabo. Amapulatifomu ezimboni azinikele ekuhambeni kukagesi, njengalawo athuthukayo. amabhayisikili amathathu aklanywe ngokukhethekile anezinjini Ngokuphathelene nokulethwa kwezidingo zasemadolobheni kanye nezinsizakalo zikamasipala, babheja kakhulu kule ndawo yemakethe.
Ukuqhathaniswa nezinye izinketho zokuhamba okulula
Uma kuhlaziywa ukuthi ibhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu elinenjini liyindlela engcono kakhulu, kuyalulekwa ukuliqhathanisa nezinye izindlela ezivamile zohlobo olufanayo lomsebenzi: amaveni amancane, izithuthuthu ezilungisiwe, kanye namabhayisikili anamasondo amathathu asetshenziswa ngesandla noma kagesi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa neloli elincane elithwala impahla, isithuthuthu esinamasondo amathathu sivame ukuphumelela ekongeni uphethiloli, ukulungiswa okulula, kanye nokuhleleka kwasemadolobheni. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi iveni Isekela umthwalo ophezulu futhi inikeza isivikelo esingcono. Ayimelani nesimo sezulu, kodwa izindleko zayo zokuthola nokusebenzisa nazo ziphakeme kakhulu.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nesithuthuthu esilungiswe nge-trailer noma uhlaka olwenziwe ekhaya, imoto enamasondo amathathu inikeza izinzuzo ezicacile zokuphepha nokuzinza. Izimoto eziklanywe kusukela phansi njengezimoto ezinamasondo amathathu zine ishasi eklanyelwe ukumelana nomthwalo, izinhlelo ezifanele zokusabalalisa isisindo kanye nokubhuleka ezifanele isisindo sonke, okunciphisa ingozi yokugudluzwa kanye nezingozi.
Uma sicabangela amabhayisikili amathathu kagesi aqhutshwa ngesandla noma anamandla aphansi, ibhayisikili amathathu elinomshini linikeza ububanzi obukhulu, isivinini, kanye nomthamo wemithwalo. Ngamabanga amafushane nemithwalo emincane, amabhayisikili amathathu angase anele, kodwa uma nje uwenza Ibhizinisi liyakhula futhi umthwalo womsebenzi uyakhulaIbhayisikili elinamasondo amathathu elinenjini liba yindlela engcono kakhulu nenenzuzo.
Kunoma ikuphi, ukukhetha okuhle kuncike ohlotsheni lokusetshenziswa: isikhungo somlando esincane kakhulu asifani nendawo yasemadolobheni, futhi inkampani yokulethwa kwamaphasela amaningi ayifani nomthengisi omncane, ohlukanisiwe. Ukudala ithebula lokuqhathanisa elinemininingwane yangempela ngezindleko, ukusetshenziswa, ububanzi, kanye nomthamo kungaba usizo kakhulu ekwenzeni isinqumo esifanele.
Ikusasa lezimoto ezinamasondo amathathu ekuhambeni okusimeme
Umkhuba womhlaba wonke wokuhamba okuhlanzekile, okusebenzayo, nokonga kakhulu usebenza kakhulu ekukhetheni izimoto ezinamasondo amathathu, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zikagesi. Sekuvamile ukubona izinhlobo ezinamasondo amathathu noma amane ezine ama-motor kagesi namabhethri anokuzimela okuhle ukusebenza ekulethweni kwempahla emadolobheni, izinsizakalo zikamasipala noma ezokuthutha ezifika ekugcineni.
Emadolobheni anemithetho eqinile yezemvelo, lezi zimoto zivumela ukuqhubeka kwenkonzo ezindaweni lapho amaveni kadizili ebhekene nemikhawulo emikhulu. Zinciphisa umsindo kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi endaweni, futhi zithatha indawo encane emigwaqweni yomphakathi, okuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu emigwaqweni emincane noma egcwele izimoto.
ELatin America, amandla enjini kagesi enamasondo amathathu athuthuka kancane kancane, kodwa amaphrojekthi okuhlola kanye neziphakamiso zezentengiselwano ziqala ukuvela. Uma ububanzi obanele bunganikezwa ngamanani ancintisanayo, kungaba... ithuluzi eliyisihluthulelo lokuthuthwa okuhlanzekile emadolobheni aphakathi naphakathi namancane.
Konke kubonisa ukuthi izimoto ezinamasondo amathathu zizoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthweni kwempahla okuhamba ibanga elide, ezokuthutha zomphakathi ezikude, kanye nokusebenza kwansuku zonke kwezinkulungwane zamabhizinisi amancane. Ukuhlanganiswa kwazo kwezindleko eziphansi, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokulula kokusetshenziswa kuzigcina zisesimweni esihle uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela.
Sekukonke, amabhayisikili amathathu anezinjini asesungulwe njenge izindlela zamasu zomnotho wendawo Kumazwekazi amaningana: kusukela kumshayeli wokulethwa kwezimpahla waseMexico odinga ukufika kunoma yimuphi umgwaqo ngokushesha, kuya kosomabhizinisi waseColombia oqala ibhizinisi lakhe lezokuthutha noma lezimpahla, kuya kumasipala wedolobha waseSpain ofuna izimoto zikagesi nezikhanyayo ukuze ahlanze futhi anakekele idolobha lawo. Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obuncane, umthelela wazo ekuhambeni, emisebenzini, nasekuzinzeni ubalulekile, futhi zonke izinkomba zibonisa ukuthi zizoqhubeka nokuthola ukuvelela eminyakeni ezayo.