I-Los Amaplanethi amancane we-Solar System, wonke lawo maplanethi amancane atholakala ngaphakathi kwesistimu yethu, cishe angu-5 esizowaningiliza futhi siyichaze kamuva. Esihlokweni esilandelayo, sizofunda konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nezinhlobo zamaplanethi amancane akhona nokunye okuningi.
Ayini amaplanethi amancane?
Amaplanethi amancane ayingxenye yesimiso sonozungezilanga, nakuba engakutholi ukuqashelwa okuningi emkhakheni wesayensi yezinkanyezi. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izici zabo nokuthi yini ezenza zikhetheke kakhulu.
Lapho abantu beneminyaka yobudala besikole, izifundo zokuqala zesayensi ziphathelene nesimiso sonozungezilanga namaplanethi. Zisifundisa indlela indawo yonke edlula ngayo lokho amehlo angakubona ngeso lengqondo usuku nosuku, futhi zisenza sikwazi ukubona ukuthi, ukusuka eminyakeni yokukhanya, kunezinye izinhlobo zokuphila ezifana nezinga elikhulu noma elincane kuneplanethi yethu.
Nokho, umkhathi wakhiwe izingxenye ezingaphezu kwamaplanethi kuphela. Kukhona izinkanyezi zezigaba ezahlukene, njengokuthi, kuba, isibonelo, i Izinkanyezi kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi amaplanethi amancane. Endabeni yezinkanyezi, noma ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane, kufundwa endaweni ethile, nokho, endabeni yamaplanethi amancane ayiqhubeki nale ndlela efanayo, ngoba iwucwaningo olukha phezulu kakhulu ngobuningi bayo. .
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwePlanethi eyiDwarf kanye nePlanethi Ejwayelekile?
I-Dwarf Planets, njengoba igama layo ilichaza, ahlanganisa amaplanethi amancane ngobukhulu kunamanye akha isimiso sonozungezilanga. Manje abaningi bazozibuza ukuthi bancane kangakanani? Ngaphandle kokubala izinombolo eziyinkimbinkimbi kangaka, lezi zitholakala endaweni eyeqisayo phakathi kwamaplanethi "avamile" ngokobukhulu nama-asteroids.
Lokhu okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla Ukudonswa Okuyisisekelo kanye nezincazelo ezivamile nezivamile ezenziwa nsuku zonke, futhi nakuba kuyiqiniso ngokwengxenye, akusona umbandela lapho iplanethi izofakwa khona kuhlu njengalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "iplanethi encane" . Kunalokho, imibandela yeqiniso imi kanje:
- Itholakala ku-a I-Orbit zungeza iLanga Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma le planethi izungeza lenkanyezi enkulu emaphakathi.
- Ubukhulu bayo banele ukuba amandla adonsela phansi adlule umzimba oqinile. Kafushane: Le planethi inesimo esiyindilinga noma esicishe sibe yindilinga.
- Akuyona isathelayithi yeplanethi. Okusho ukuthi, ayizungezi enye inkanyezi ngaphandle kweLanga ngokwalo.
- Isigaba sesine siwukuthi iplanethi ngokwayo ayikwazi ukuhlanza indawo ezungeze umjikelezo wayo. Lapho into yasemkhathini ikwazi ukufinyelela ezingeni elithile lokuthuthuka, izofika ivelele ngendlela eqondile kulokho zonke izinkanyezi eziyikho, kungaba ngokuzihudula, ukuzisusa noma ngisho nokuzenza zijikeleze kuzo.
Lokhu akuvamile ukuba kwenzeke kumaplanethi amancane, okusho ukuthi kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zezinkanyezi ezizimele lapho zizungeze umzila wazo. Kulezi zindlela ezi-4, okuwukuphela kwayo okungahlukanisa iplanethi encane kwamanye amaplanethi ngeyokugcina. Njengoba amaplanethi "avamile" enekhono elanele lokuhlanza izindawo ezizungezile ezizungezile, kuyilapho endabeni yamaplanethi amancane akunjalo.
Ayini Amaplanethi Ancanyana Ohlelo Lwelanga?
Sekukonke kunamaplanethi amancane ama-5 akusistimu yethu sonozungezilanga. Amagama alawa yilawa:
- Ceres
- Pluto
- Eris
- makemake
- awumea
Manje sizochaza ukuthi yiziphi izici zabo eziyinhloko ngazinye:
Ceres
Le planethi encane yatholwa ngo-1801 yindoda egama layo linguGiuseppe Piazzi. Itholakala phakathi kwemizila yePlanethi Mars kanye nePlanet Jupiter. Yayibhekwa njengenkanyezi enomsila ekuqaleni, futhi njengeplanethi, futhi ekugcineni njengenye yamaplanethi amancane.
Ubuningi balokhu buyingxenye yesithathu yengqikithi yalokho okubizwa nge-Asteroid Belt. Inobubanzi obungamakhilomitha angama-950 x 932, ibanga elingaphezulu noma elingaphansi phakathi kwe-Gibraltar ne-Gijón, okungaba ukuwela i-Spain uqonde. Iqukethe iplanethi enamanzi amaningi ngaphakathi, okuwukutholwa okwenziwa yi-European Space Agency phakathi no-2014.
Pluto
Iplanethi iPluto yatholwa ngo-1930 yindoda egama layo linguClyde William Tombaugh. Iwuhlobo lweplanethi encane eseduze kakhulu nomjikelezo weplanethi iNeptune. Iminyaka eminingi, kwakubhekwa njengenye yamaplanethi we-Solar System; Nokho, ngemva koMhlangano Jikelele ePrague ngo-2006, yahlukaniswa njengeplanethi encane.
IPlanethi iPluto inobubanzi obungaba ngu-2.370 km, ngaphezudlwana kwengxenye yesithupha yobubanzi boMhlaba. Ngendlela efanayo naseCeres, inobuso bamanzi ayiqhwa kanye nongqimba lwasemkhathini oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuphelele.
Eris
Kanye neplanethi iMakemake, ingenye yamaplanethi amancane asanda kutholwa. Ububanzi balokhu kuvame ukuba ngaphansi kancane kunokwePlanet Pluto, cishe ngo-2.326 km. Lokhu kungokweqembu elibizwa ngokuthi "Plutoid", ngakho-ke umjikelezo wayo ungaphezu kwePlanethi Neptune. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le planethi encane ingeyalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-Kuiper Belt", equkethe iqoqo lemizimba yamahlaya ezungeza iLanga ebangeni eliphakathi kuka-30 no-100 AU.
makemake
Le planethi encane yatholwa ngo-2005 futhi ingenye ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Plutoid", ngaphandle kokuba enye yezinto ezinkulu e-Kuiper Belt. Ububanzi bale planethi bufinyelela ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha ayi-1.420, okungaphezudlwana kwengxenye yePlanet Pluto.
awumea
Ngendlela efanayo njengoba enye i-3 eshiwo, lena nayo ibhekwa njengePlutoid, futhi itholakala eKuiper Belt, ngaphesheya kancane kwePlanethi Neptune; Ngenxa yalesi sizathu kubhekwa njenge-Plutoid. Le planethi encane yatholwa ngo-2003 yindoda egama layo linguJose Luiz Ortiz Moreno eSierra Nevada Observatory, esezifundeni zaseSpain. I-radius yayo imvamisa iba ngu-1.300 kuya ku-1.900 km, okuyenza ibe iplanethi enohlobo oluthile lokuma kwe-elliptical.
Ngaphandle kwalawa maplanethi amancane ayi-5, kuneqembu elincane lamaplanethi abizwa ngokuthi "Amaplanethi Angenzeka", angazange ahlukaniswe njengamaplanethi amancane, nokho, angaphansi kokubhekwa ukuze ahlanganiswe esikhathini esizayo eminyakeni ezayo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunamaplanethi amancane angaba ngu-200 eKuiper Belt, emaphethelweni eSolar System, futhi acishe abe ngu-10 endaweni ekude kakhulu.
Kungani i-Pluto yayibhekwa njengeplanethi encane?
Ukuhlelwa kabusha u-Pluto adlula kukho phakathi no-2006 akuzange kukhishwe ezingxabanweni ezinkulu. Isizathu esikhulu abaphikisana ngaso ngokuthi isinqumo senziwa sokuyibeka njengePlanethi Encane ukuthi ayizange ihlangabezane nemfuneko yesine yePlanethi Ejwayelekile, okwakuthi:
“Ayikwazanga ukusula izindawo eziseduze nendawo yayo. Uma inkanyezi ikwazi ukufinyelela ezingeni elithile lokuziphendukela kwemvelo, ifika ekuthonyeni ngokungaguquki ukuthi yiziphi izinkanyezi eziyivimbezelayo, ngokuziheha, ukuzisusa noma ngisho nokuzenza zizungezise kuyo.
Ngalokho inani elikhulu lososayensi elingazange livumelane ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube yilolu suku, impikiswano iyaqhubeka nokuvuleka, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokutholwa okukhulu okwenziwe yi-New Horizons probe, ekwazile ukukhombisa ukuthi iPlanethi Pluto inama-Satellites angu-5 futhi ngomkhathi wayo, ngakho-ke inawo amandla amakhulu adingekayo ukuze ibe nomthelela endleleni yezinkanyezi ezizungezile.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNo_hOVgp7s