UKhisimusi endaweni yaseSan Sebastián ugujwa ngenhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yokholo lobuKristu , amasiko omndeni, umculo, namasiko abantu aphindaphindwayo unyaka nonyaka. Kusukela emigwaqweni ekhanyisiwe yaseSan Sebastián/Donostia kuya emikhosini yabangcwele e-Adeje enikezelwe kuSanta Sebastian uMfel 'ukholo, kanye nokuzindla ngenkolo ngencazelo kaKhisimusi, konke kuhlangana ndawonye ukuze kwakheke i-mosaic ecebile neyinkimbinkimbi.
Kunokuba yiholide elifanayo, le mikhosi ihlanganisa udwendwe lokukhanya ekhaya, amakhalenda e-Advent agcwele ushokoledi, ishashalazi likaKhisimusi, amaculo kaBasque, amakwaya emahhotela asendulo, kanye nohambo lokuya endaweni engcwele namahhashi nemfuyo . Ake sikuhlole konke ngokuthula, sihlanganise ndawonye izinto zansuku zonke nezenkolo, amasiko, kanye nemikhosi, ukuze siqonde kangcono ukuthi uKhisimusi utholakala kanjani kulo mhlaba wamasiko ahlobene nomndeni wakwaSebastian.
I-Advent kanye nokholo emndenini: izibani, umthandazo kanye noshokoledi
Emindenini eminingi yamaKristu exhumene nomndeni wakwaSebastian, uDisemba uqala ngesizini ephilayo ye-Advent , isikhathi esihlanganisa ukulungiselela okungokomoya nemikhuba emincane yasekhaya engokomfanekiso . Akukhona nje ukumisa umuthi kanye nombukiso wokuzalwa kukaJesu, kodwa ngokukhanyisa ikhandlela njalo ngeSonto, isikhumbuzo sokulindelwa kokufika kukaJesu.
Esinye sezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu ukuhlela uhlobo "lokuhambela kokukhanya" komndeni ekhaya . Njengoba kuhlwa, izibani eziyinhloko ziyacinywa, amakhandlela noma umqhele we-Advent uyakhanyiswa , futhi njengoba wonke umuntu ehamba emakamelweni ahlukene endlini, uyathandaza noma afunde indinyana emfushane evela eVangelini. Izingane zivame ukuphatha amakhandlela amancane (noma izibani zikagesi, ukuze zigweme ukwesaba) bese kuhlatshelelwa ingoma kaKhisimusi elula. Lesi senzo esilula sidala isimo sokuzindla esihluke kakhulu nomsindo wokuthenga ngoKhisimusi.
Kanye nohlangothi olungokomoya lwe-Advent, kukhona nohlangothi lwayo oludlalayo nolunethezekile: ikhalenda yendabuko ye-Advent egcwele ushokoledi . Usuku ngalunye, kusukela mhla lu-1 kuya kumhla zingama-24 kuZibandlela, ifasitela elincane liyavuleka, elisebenza njengokugcina isikhathi kanye nomthombo wenjabulo yansuku zonke yezingane. Kwamanye amakhaya, kuhambisana nesiphakamiso esincane: ukwabelana ngokuthile nabanye, ukwenza isenzo esihle, noma ukusho umthandazo omfushane ngaphambi kokujabulela ushokoledi.
Lokhu “Kufika Kwesibili” kuhlanganisa izici ezivamile kakhulu zokholo lobuKristu nemininingwane esiza izingane ukuthi zihlobanise uKhisimusi nomfanekiso kaJesu kanye nezenzo ezincane zothando kanye nomkhosi wansuku zonke . Emindenini eminingi emikhulu, kuyithuluzi lokufundisa ukubekezela kanye nomuzwa womphakathi: wonke umuntu uvula ifasitela elincane ndawonye, akekho ohamba kuqala, futhi okuhlangenwe nakho kuyabelwana ngakho.
Kulesi simo sasekhaya, kugcizelelwa kakhulu nokudluliselwa kokholo okusobala . Izingane zitshelwa ukuthi uJesu ungubani, ukuthi ukuzalwa kwakhe kusho ukuthini, nokuthi kungani uKhisimusi ungeyona nje iminikelo nezidlo zakusihlwa, kodwa umayelana nokukhumbula uNkulunkulu osondelayo. Bathandaza ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusihlwa sikaKhisimusi noma baye eMiseni Yasebusuku , babusise itafula, futhi bakhuthaze izingane ukuba ziveze lokho ezifuna ukukubonga ngakho.
Ithiyetha kaKhisimusi, izintaba kanye nekhaya: ukuzwa ukuzalwa kukaJesu ngobuhlakani
Imiphakathi eminingi kanye nemindeni ehlanganiswe ngamasiko obuKristu ihlela imidlalo emincane yaseshashalazini mayelana nokuzalwa kukaJesu ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka . Le midlalo kaKhisimusi ivame ukwenziwa ngabantwana kanye nabantu abasha, abavusa uMariya, uJosefa, abelusi, izingelosi, kanye namadoda ahlakaniphile amathathu. Ngale kobuhle bokubona abancane begqoke izingubo, umqondo uwukuthi baqonde indaba ngaphakathi, ngokudlala izindima.
Ngokuvamile, le midlalo ilungiselelwa phakathi no-Advent, ngokuzijwayeza kwangempelasonto, imigqa yokufunda kanye namaculo engoma, kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yezandla yabantwana . Isiteji singaba lula kakhulu—isiteji esenziwe ngendlela ehlelekile ehholo lesifunda noma esikoleni—noma sibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngamasethi asikhumbuza iBetlehema kanye nezindawo ezizungezile zezintaba. Kwezinye izimo, isikhathi lapho abelusi behla entabeni beya emkhombeni siyalingiswa, okufanekisela uhambo lwangaphakathi oluvela enkambisweni evamile ukuya ekuhlanganeni noJesu.
Inkulumo ethi “ukusuka entabeni uye ekhaya” iqondwa njengokunyakaza okukabili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehla ngokoqobo koKuzalwa KukaJesu kuvela ezindaweni eziphakeme kuya emkhombeni; ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhambo lokholo olushiya amasonto nezindawo zasemakhaya ukuze zihlale endaweni efudumele yasekhaya . Isigcawu soKuzalwa KukaJesu esibekwe ekhaya sibonisa lo mbono: indawo enezintaba, imifula, abelusi, kanye, phakathi kwayo, indawo yoKuzalwa KukaJesu.
Ngokuhambisana nalokhu okufanayo, ikhalenda likashokoledi elishiwo ngenhla liba enye indlela yokuhlanganisa ngokomfanekiso indaba kaKhisimusi empilweni yansuku zonke. Abanye abazali banezela ikhadi elincane kubha ngayinye kashokoledi, eliqukethe ivesi leBhayibheli, umbuzo wokuzindla, noma isiphakamiso esithile: ukuvakashela indawo yokuzalwa kukaJesu, ukusiza ekulungiseleleni itafula, ukubiza isihlobo esihlala kude. Ngale ndlela, ibha ngayinye kashokoledi ihlotshaniswa nesenzo noma umcabango oxhumanisa nencazelo ejulile kaKhisimusi.
Lonke lolu chungechunge lwamasiko omndeni—indawo yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, ikhalenda, indawo yokuzalwa kukaJesu, imithandazo yasekhaya—luqinisekisa ukuthi umkhosi kaKhisimusi awuyona nje into eyenzeka kanye kuphela, ekhawulelwe kuKhisimusi, kodwa kunalokho inqubo egcwalisa inyanga yonke kaDisemba ngencazelo . Umphumela uba uKhisimusi lapho ukholo ludluliselwa khona ngokwemvelo, ngaphandle kokuziphatha, ngokuhlangenwe nakho okwabiwe.
Umbono wezenkolo namasiko: U-Eguberriak emasikweni aseBasque
Ngaphandle kwamasiko asekhaya, uKhisimusi eZweni laseBasque ufundwe futhi wachazwa ngombono ojulile. Isibonelo esibanzi kakhulu umsebenzi obhalwe ngesiBasque ngumpristi uJesús Mari Arrieta Sagasti , onesihloko esithi “Eguberriak: esanahia eta ohiturak” (uKhisimusi: Incazelo kanye namasiko). Lo mbhalo uhlose ukwethula, ngendlela ecacile nefinyelelekayo, kokubili okuqukethwe kwezenkolo kanye nesizinda somlando namasiko ala maholide.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbhalo uhlaziya ngokuningiliziwe imvelaphi yemikhosi kaKhisimusi ne-Epiphany ngaphakathi kwekhalenda lesonto . Uchaza ukuthi le mikhosi ayizange ivele ezeni, kodwa yathatha ukuma phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, ihlanganisa izici zemikhosi yasendulo futhi izinike incazelo entsha egxile ekuzalweni kukaJesu kanye nokubonakaliswa kukaNkulunkulu kubo bonke abantu abamelelwa yiZazi.
Ngokombono wezenkolo, u-Arrieta Sagasti ugxila emfihlakalweni yokuzalwa komuntu: uNkulunkulu eba ngumuntu enganeni ebuthakathaka , ezelwe emkhombeni, esimweni sobumpofu nobulula. Lesi senzakalo, esaziwa kakhulu kodwa ngezinye izikhathi esingacatshangwa kangako, sivezwa njengesimemo sokuzindla ngesithunzi sawo wonke umuntu, ukubaluleka kokuthobeka, kanye nenani labancane. UKhisimusi akuyona nje indaba enhle, kodwa ukubonakaliswa kukaNkulunkulu ongena emlandweni wesintu ukuze awuguqule ngaphakathi.
Lo mbhalo uphinde unikeze isikhala esikhulu emasikweni kaKhisimusi ezwe laseBasque . Phakathi kwalokhu, umuntu ka-Olentzero uvelele, umlingiswa wendabuko, omemezela ukufika kukaKhisimusi, ngokwesiko laseBasque. Ekuqaleni wayengumshisi wamalahle owehla ezintabeni, u-Olentzero useyaziwa kakhulu njengoletha izipho ezinganeni, evame ukuhamba noMari Domingi. Ukuba khona kwakhe emigwaqweni nasezigcawini, ngemibuthano nezingoma, sekuwuphawu oluthandwayo lwalesi sikhathi sonyaka.
Kanye no-Olentzero, umpristi uqokomisa amanye amasiko agxile kakhulu: izingoma zikaKhisimusi zaseBasque ezizwakala emadolobheni nasemadolobheni, ukumiswa kwesigcawu sokuzalwa kukaJesu (i-jaiotza), kanye nokwengezwa kwesihlahla sikaKhisimusi . Wonke la masiko awethulwa njengamasiko angavamile nje, kodwa njengezibonakaliso eziphilayo zobunikazi besiko obuhlanganiswe nokholo lobuKristu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi . Inhloso yalo mbhalo ukuqinisa ulwazi ngalezi zimpande, ukuze izizukulwane ezintsha ziqonde imvelaphi yemikhosi yazo.
Ekugcineni, imisebenzi efana nethi “Eguberriak: esanahia eta ohiturak” isiza labo abajabulela uKhisimusi eBasque Country—futhi, ngokwengeziwe, noma ubani osondela kula masiko—ukuhlanganisa ukucabanga, umlando, isiko, kanye nengokomoya . Akukhona nje ukuphinda amasiko ngoba “bekulokhu kwenziwa ngaleyo ndlela,” kodwa mayelana nokuqonda incazelo yawo kanye nokuceba kwawo okungokomfanekiso.
UKhisimusi eSan Sebastián: amapulani, izibani kanye nedolobha elizwakala njengengoma kaKhisimusi
ISan Sebastián/Donostia iphenduka indawo efanele yokujabulela uKhisimusi ngazo zonke izinzwa zakho ngoDisemba. Izikhungo zasendaweni kanye nomkhakha wezokuvakasha zinikeza imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene yokujabulela la maholide ngendlela ekhethekile kakhulu , ehlanganisa ukuhamba ngezinyawo, umculo, ukudla okumnandi, kanye nesimo sezulu esijabulisayo sedolobha. Ukuhambahamba kancane edolobheni kuba cishe umkhuba kaKhisimusi ngokwawo.
Umuzwa wokumangala ohlanganyelwe ugcwalisa umoya , kanye nezibani ezikhazimulayo, amafasitela ezitolo ahlotshisiwe, kanye nolwandle olukhazimulayo . Idolobha likhanyisiwe kahle, linakwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezifana neDolobha Elidala, iBoulevard, indawo yezitolo, kanye neLa Concha promenade. Lokhu kukhanya kukumema ukuthi ushiye imoto yakho ipakwe, uqoqe, futhi ujabulele idolobha ngezinyawo, uzizwe ukufudumala okukhethekile iSan Sebastián enakho ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, noma ngabe isimo sezulu sipholile.
Izinhlelo zikaKhisimusi zifaka konke kusukela ezimakethe ezinemikhiqizo yobuciko kanye nokudla kwendawo kuya ezindaweni ezikhangayo zezingane, izindawo zokuphumula zesikhashana, amakhonsathi avulekile, kanye nemisebenzi yomndeni. Konke lokhu kusiza izakhamuzi kanye nezivakashi ukuba zijabulele la maviki ngomoya wemikhosi, kuyilapho kusahlonishwa amasiko edolobha kanye nobuntu obuhlukile . Kukhona futhi nezinhlelo eziningi zokusiza, imikhankaso yokudla, kanye neminye imikhankaso yokuqoqa imali ehlobene noKhisimusi.
Esinye sezici ezivelele kakhulu zeSan Sebastián ngokungangabazeki ubuhlobo bayo nomculo. NgeKhisimusi, lolu thando lubonakala nakakhulu: umculo uba umphefumulo wedolobha . Kusukela kumakwaya adlala emasontweni nasezigcawini kuya emaqenjini avuselela imigwaqo, amaculo engoma kanye nezingoma zaseBasque zigcwele yonke indawo. Noma ubani ohambahamba eDolobheni Elidala noma eLa Concha Bay uhlangana nemisindo esukela ezingoma zikaKhisimusi zakudala kuya ezingomeni zesimanje.
Lolu thando lomculo aluyona into eyenzeka nje; lugxile kakhulu emlandweni weSan Sebastián. Ngokwesibonelo, ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, amakhonsathi ayebanjelwa nsuku zonke eCasino endala, manje eyiHholo Lomuzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, idolobha selisungule ikhalenda eliqinile lamasiko, elinemicimbi edumile njengeJazzaldia , iQuincena Musical, kanye neTamborrada de San Sebastián . Lonke leli fa liyabonakala nasendleleni uKhisimusi ogujwa ngayo, ngokwazisa okukhethekile ikhwalithi yomculo kanye nokubamba iqhaza komphakathi.
Ihhotela laseLondon naseNgilandi: ingoma kaKhisimusi phambi kweLa Concha
Ngaphakathi kwalesi simo saseSan Sebastián, iHotel de Londres y de Inglaterra yomlando , etholakala ngaphesheya kweLa Concha Bay, isibe yindawo ekhethekile kakhulu yemikhosi kaKhisimusi. Unyaka nonyaka, ihhotela liba cishe ngumlingiswa ngokwalo, livula iminyango yalo kumakwaya, abaculi, namasiko endawo ukuze kudalwe isimo semikhosi esinobuntu obuhlukile.
Njalo ngoDisemba, ihhotela lamukela u-Olentzero noMari Domingi kwenye yezindawo abazithanda kakhulu. Ngomhlaka-22 Disemba, laba bantu abadumile bafika ehhotela, lapho behlangatshezwa khona yinqwaba yezingane ezinezinhlu zabo zezifiso . Lesi senzakalo sithuthukiswa kakhulu ukuba khona kwe-Orfeón Donostiarra School Choir, enikeza umculo embuthanweni ngamaculo kaKhisimusi nezingoma zendabuko, kanye nemidanso yeqembu le-Eskola, enezela umuzwa womdanso waseBasque.
Lo mcimbi usebenza njengesango elingokomfanekiso lemikhosi kaKhisimusi ehhotela, okuphawula ukuqala kwezinsuku ezimbalwa "ezigcwele ukuvumelana namasiko." Ngomhlaka-24 Disemba emini, i-A Tempo Choir ihamba ngezinyawo ezindaweni eziyinhloko zesakhiwo kanye nasendleleni yokuhamba exhumanisa ihhotela neVilla Favorita. Amazwi abo aletha injabulo, amaculo engoma, nomoya kaKhisimusi ezivakashini zasehhotela kanye nalabo abahambahamba ogwini lwaseLa Concha.
Ngomhlaka-31 Disemba, ngesikhathi sesidlo sakusihlwa sikaNcibijane, isimo siba sihle kakhulu. Izivakashi zamukelwa yimisindo ethambile yehabhu kanye namazwi ahlanzekile ekwaya, okudala isimo esiseduze kodwa esijabulisayo. Umculo uhambisana nokushintshela onyakeni omusha njengesikhumbuzo sokuthi amasiko amahle kakhulu yilawo ahlanganyelwa futhi aculwa ndawonye , okuqinisa isibopho phakathi kwalabo abagubhayo.
Kusukela endaweni yayo ehloniphekile ebheke ulwandle, ihhotela linephupho elikhethekile kakhulu: ukuba yinhliziyo yedolobha elihlabelela uKhisimusi walo ngazwi linye. Umqondisi walo ubona iSan Sebastián njengohlobo lwesiteji esikhulu sekwayara, lapho kuzo zonke izingosi, kusukela eDolobheni Elidala kuya esifanekisweni sasePeine del Viento, kuzwakala amazwi ehlabelela izingoma zikaKhisimusi. Lo mbono ukhomba kuKhisimusi ohlanganyelwe, ohlanganisa izivakashi kanye nabantu bendawo ngokufanayo, odlula imingcele nezizukulwane.
USanta Sebastian uMfel 'ukholo e-Adeje: umkhosi womsindisi wosanta, ulwandle namahhashi
Igama likaSanta Sebastian liphinde lizwakale kude kakhulu nogu lwaseCantabrian, ikakhulukazi e-Adeje, eningizimu yeTenerife. Lapho, lo Santa ungumsizi womphakathi kanye noNkosikazi wethu wokuzalwa kanye noSanta Ursula, futhi usuku lwakhe lomkhosi mhla zingama-20 kuJanuwari selube ngomunye wemikhosi ethandwa kakhulu esifundeni sonke . Lo mcimbi wenzeka endaweni yaseLa Enramada, indawo enesiko elide elihlobene nezolimo kanye nokulima imfuyo.
Lo mkhosi uheha abantu abavela kulo lonke idolobha kanye nomasipala abangomakhelwane, kanye nakwezinye izingxenye zesiqhingi ngisho naseLa Gomera eseduze. Ngakho-ke, kuyindawo yokuhlangana yezizukulwane ezahlukene lapho izinkumbulo zezizukulwane ezindala zihlangana khona nesithakazelo sabancane . Abaningi basebenzisa ithuba lobusuku ukuhlangana ndawonye, baxoxe ngendlela umkhosi owawugujwa ngayo esikhathini esidlule, futhi balungiselele konke okudingekayo ngosuku olukhulu.
Usuku oluyinhloko luqala ekuseni ngeMisa yokuhlonipha osanta. Ngemva kweSidlo seNkosi, isithombe sikaSanta Sebastian sithwalwa sisuka esontweni sihamba ngodwendwe siye olwandle, siholwa yiqembu labagibeli abakhangayo. Begibele amahhashi abo, abahlanganyeli bangena emanzini, benza uchungechunge lwezindlela ezikhuthaza ukumangala minyaka yonke kulabo ababuthene ogwini. Kungumbukiso oyingqayizivele ohlanganisa ukuzinikela kwenkolo, uthando ngezilwane, kanye nekhono elimangalisayo lokuhamba ngehhashi.
Ngaphezu kokungena okumangalisayo kwamahhashi olwandle, umkhosi uhlanganisa udwendwe oluhlanganisa izinkabi, izinkomo, izimbuzi, izimvu, amakamela, nezinja zezimvu. Lo mbukiso, olindelwe ngabomvu yizingane, uphela eSan Sebastián Square, lapho umpristi wesifunda ebusisa khona izilwane . Lesi senzo sigcizelela ubuhlobo obuseduze phakathi kokholo nokuphila kwasemakhaya, futhi sibeka izilwane, okuncike kuzo kakhulu emnothweni wendawo, ngaphansi kwesivikelo sikasanta.
Umkhathi ugcwele nomculo wendabuko waseCanarian kanye nemidanso: ama-folías, ama-isas, ama-seguidillas, ama-tajarastes… Okungeziwe kulokhu yizindawo zokudlela, lapho kukhonzwa khona imikhiqizo yobuciko, ukudla kwendabuko, kanye newayini lasesiqhingini. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuguqula umkhosi ube yinto ephelele yokuzwa, kuhlanganisa ukuzinikela kwenkolo, isiko elidumile, ukudla okumnandi, kanye nomoya womphakathi ozungeze indawo endala ebizwa ngegama leSan Sebastián.
Isiko esidala amakhulu eminyaka e-Adeje
Ukuzinikela kuSanta Sebastian e-Adeje akuyona into yamuva nje, kodwa kunalokho kungokomlando onezimpande ezibuyela emuva emakhulwini eminyaka. Kungumkhosi omdala kakhulu, owaqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16 endaweni yokukhulekela yangaphambi kweSpanishi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo mkhosi uye wajwayelana namasiko amasha nezinguquko zomphakathi , kodwa uhlale ugcina ingqikithi yawo yokukhulekela igxile kuSanta.
Abalimi nabafuyi base-Adeje kanye naso sonke isiqhingi, eminyakeni edlule, baye bahlakulela inhlonipho ejulile ngesithombe sikaSanta Sebastian esise-hermitage yakudala. Izimangaliso eziningi zibangelwa yilesi sithombe , ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nempilo nokuvikelwa ekuguleni noma ebunzimeni. Abantu abaningi basavakashela nanamuhla benethemba lokululama okusheshayo, ukucela umusa othile, noma ukugcwalisa izithembiso ezenziwe ngezikhathi ezinzima.
Uhlobo lomkhosi luguquke lwaba umbuthano odlula abantu abakholwayo kuphela. Lo mkhosi usebenza njengendawo yokuhlangana kabusha komphakathi, lapho izibopho zivuselelwa khona, okuhlangenwe nakho kwabelwana ngakho, futhi umoya womphakathi nokuzwana phakathi kwezakhamuzi zesifunda uyaqiniswa . Okungcwele kanye nomkhosi kuyahambisana, okudala ulwazi oluyingxenye ebalulekile yobuntu bendawo.
Izimpande ezijulile zalesi siko zisho ukuthi, unyaka nonyaka, ogogo nomkhulu, abazali, kanye nezingane bahlanganyela ndawonye emkhosini, bedlulisa izindaba, ama-story, kanye nezindlela zokubhekana nawo. Ngale ndlela, ukuzinikela kuSanta Sebastian kuba yinto evamile phakathi kwezizukulwane , kugcina izinkumbulo zesikhathi esidlule ziphila futhi kunikeze ukuqhubeka kwefa eliyingqayizivele lamasiko nelingokomoya.
Uma sihlanganisa konke esikubonile—izindwendwe zomndeni ezikhanyayo, amakhalenda e-Advent, imfundiso yenkolo kaKhisimusi eBasque, i-Olentzero eSan Sebastián, amakwaya e-Hotel de Londres naseNgilandi, kanye nohambo olunamandla lwase-Adeje—kuvela isithombe esicebile kakhulu salokho okushiwo amasiko kaKhisimusi omndeni wakwaSebastián: indwangu yokholo, isiko, umculo kanye nomphakathi ovezwa ngezindlela eziyinkulungwane, kodwa njalo ngokusesha okufanayo okuyisisekelo kokukhanya, ukuhlangana kanye nomkhosi ohlanganyelwe.
