Ithimba lamazwe ngamazwe likhombe lapho i-trajectory yempilo yesimila ngasinye igcinwa khona nokuthi ifundwa kanjani: ku-epigenome, ngokusebenzisa amamaki e-methylation ashintshashintshayo esebenza njengerekhodi elikwazi ukuveza isikhathi esidlule somdlavuza.
Ngenxa yendlela yokubala, ihlolwe ku Amasampula angu-2.000 we-leukemia kanye ne-lymphomas futhi yanyatheliswa kumagazini i-Nature, ososayensi bakha kabusha imvelaphi yesimila futhi balindele ukuthi sizoziphatha kanjani, okuthile okuwusizo ngokukhethekile ekulungiseni ukuphathwa komtholampilo kwesiguli ngasinye.
Kusho ukuthini ukukhuluma 'ngebhokisi elimnyama' lomdlavuza?
I-epigenome isethi yezinhlanganisela namaprotheni okuthi, ngaphandle kokushintsha ukulandelana kwe-DNA, iguqule ukuthi yiziphi izakhi zofuzo ezivuliwe noma ezivaliwe; kulolu hlaka, I-DNA methylation Isebenza njengoshintsho olulawula umsebenzi wofuzo.
Into entsha ukuthi lezi zinhlobo azigcini nje ngokulawula, kodwa futhi Bagcina ulwazi mayelana nobuwena nomlando yesimila: ukuthi saqala nini, sikhule ngokushesha kangakanani, nokuthi amangqamuzana aso ashintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Iminyaka eminingi, amaningi ala maphethini ayebukeka njengomsindo ongahleliwe kumagrafu; manje, amamodeli afanelekile abonisa ukuthi lo msindo okuthiwa kuwumkhondo wokulandelana kwezenzakalo engaqoshwa ngokunembile.
Ukuqonda lokhu 'ibhokisi elimnyama' le-epigenetic kusivumela ukuthi sisuke esithombeni esimile siye ku-movie yomdlavuza, into esemqoka lindela isimo sakho somtholampilo esilandelayo futhi wenze izinqumo zokwelapha ezinomongo owengeziwe.
Kusukela kumodeli yezibalo kuya ku-algorithm ye-EVOFLUx
Inhliziyo yempumelelo iyi-algorithm ebizwa ngokuthi EVOFLUx, eklanyelwe ukukhipha amasiginali wesikhashana kumaphrofayili e-methylation futhi uwaguqule abe yizilinganiso zemvelaphi yesimila, izinga lokukhula, kanye ne-heterogeneity.
Kude nokuba yi-AI ekhiqizayo, le ndlela ihlanganisa ukumodela kwezibalo okuthuthukisiwe -kuhlanganise ne-Bayesian inference-ngokuhlaziywa kabusha kwedatha ye-epigenetic edalwe ngaphambilini, manje ebukwa ngelensi ehlukile.
Lo msebenzi ubuholwa ngamathimba avela eClÃnic-IDIBAPS eseBarcelona kanye neCancer Research Institute eLondon, nabacwaningi abanjengo Iñaki MartÃn-Subero, Trevor Graham, kanye nababhali bokuqala U-Calum Gabbutt no-Martà Duran-Ferrer.
Yiziphi izehlakalo ezingu-2.000 ze-leukemia ne-lymphoma ezembulayo
Isetshenziswa eqenjini elikhulu lomtholampilo, indlela elinganiselwe ngokuningiliziwe lapho isimila ngasinye siqala, ijubane layo lokukhula kanye nezinga lokuhlukahluka kwamaselula, izimbazo ezintathu ezinquma ulaka lwesikhathi esizayo.
Ngokufinyelela emilandweni yomtholampilo engaziwa, lokhu okwedlule kwe-epigenetic kwakuhlotshaniswa nokuvela kwangempela kweziguli, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izigaba zokuqala ziphawula i-prognosis kamuva.
Ku-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lapho ukubhekwa kuvame ukuba yindlela ekhethwayo, amaphethini avumela ukulindela neminyaka esasele isikhathi lapho ukwelashwa kuyodingeka.
Yize ukuqinisekiswa kugxile kumdlavuza we-hematological, ithimba lithi le ndlela idluliselwa kumathumba aqinile-ngokuzijwayeza-nokuthi i-liquid biopsy kungasiza ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekusebenzeni kwangempela.
Izinsiza zomtholampilo, izindleko kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha
Ukuba ne-tumor logbook kuvula umnyango wokulungisa ukuqina kokwelapha: uma ukukhula kuhamba kancane futhi kundala, indlela encane enolaka ingase yaneleUma isimila sisanda kukhula futhi sikhula ngokushesha, kutuswa ukuba senze ngamandla.
Elinye iphuzu esivuna yi izindleko eziphansi yesu eliqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela, okulenza lisebenze kangcono ezilungiselelweni zomtholampilo ezinezinsiza ezilinganiselwe.
Kodwa-ke, iqembu ngokwalo ligcizelela ukuthi alikakalungeli ukusetshenziswa njengenjwayelo: ithuluzi lidinga ukulethwa emakethe, liqinisekiswe ngokungaphezulu. izinhlobo zomdlavuza futhi unqobe izinyathelo zokulawula.
Ochwepheshe bangaphandle, njengoManel Esteller, bayayazisa le ndlela njengokuthembisayo, kodwa khumbula ukuthi iwumsebenzi ikakhulukazi ithiyori okudinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe kokuhlolwa nokuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe beseli elilodwa oseluvele lukhona.
Ukusebenzisana okubanzi nokwesekwa okuvela ezikhungweni eziningana
Ucwaningo luyingxenye ye-ClÃnic Barcelona Comprehensive Cancer Centre futhi lubambe iqhaza Abacwaningi abangama-21 abavela ezikhungweni eziyi-15 emazweni amahlanu, okuhlanganisa iSpain, i-United Kingdom, iSweden, iSwitzerland kanye ne-United States.
Umsebenzi uthole ukwesekwa kwabakwa I-AECC, I-Cancer Research UK, i-La Caixa Foundation, i-ERC, ne-NIH, inhlanganisela ebonisa ukuzibophezela ekuqondeni i-oncology kanye nokukhuphula amathuluzi awusizo emtholampilo.
Umphakathi wesayensi uye wagqamisa ukuthi ukuguqula amaphrofayili e-methylation abe yi-a irekhodi lomlando lokuvela kwesimila ihambisana nombono oguquguqukayo womdlavuza futhi ivula izindlela zokubikezela kanye nokuqapha okuqinile.
Ngalokhu 'kufunda' okwedlule okubhalwe ku-epigenome, izazi ze-oncologists zingathola isikhathi sokwenza kangcono: imephu yomgwaqo okuthi, ngokuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe kanye nokugxumela ukuzijayeza, iphokophele ukuya phambili kwesifo futhi ulungise kahle i umuthi owenziwe waba ngowakho.
