UbuBuddha (inabalandeli abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-500) buyanda kakhulu empilweni yansuku zonke, buye baziwa kangcono futhi yilokho. ifilosofi yakhe yokuphila yamukelwa abaningi njengendlela yokuzuza ukuphila okwanelisayo.
Kuso sonke isihloko esizokhuluma ngaso ukuthi iyini, isuka kanjani, izimfundiso zayo eziyinhloko nokuthi yenziwa kuphi. Sizophinde siphawule ngokuthi le filosofi inethonya kanjani ezintweni esizenzayo osukwini lwethu nosuku noma ukuthi singazifaka kanjani ezinye zezenzo zayo ezimpilweni zethu ukuze sifinyelele izinjongo ezithile ezibalulekile zokuphila okuzolile nokuthula.
Buyini ubuBuddha?
UbuBuddha Kuyinkolo nefilosofi yokuphila okuvela eNdiya.. Kuyinkolo engaphakamisi umbono wokuba khona okuphathekayo kwanoma yimuphi uNkulunkulu, kodwa kusekelwe ku izimfundiso ze-dharmic zendabuko amaNdiya, ezinqubweni ze sesha ukukhanyiselwa okuhlongozwe nguSiddharta Gautama (563-483 BC) owaziwa kangcono ngesiteketiso "Buddha".
UBuddha usho ukuthi "Ovusiwe" futhi iza ekubhekiseni lapho uSiddharta ekwazile ukubona ukuthi yini ebaluleke ngempela empilweni, ukuzuza ukuthula nokuthula. Ngoba kungenye into ukukwazi ukubona futhi okunye ukunaka esikubonayo nesikubonayo ngempela. Noma yimuphi umuntu ofinyelela ekukhanyeni okungokomoya futhi kanjalo azuze ukuphaphama okuphelele ubizwa ngokuthi uBuddha.
wakhe amaBuddha angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-500 labo emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga naseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia. Ukuqonda iBuddhism njengendlela yokufeza ukukhanyiselwa, ukudlula. Kumelwe sicabange ngobuBuddha njengemfundiso yefilosofi esikhundleni senkolo.
Igama elithi "nirvana" lingelinye elidumile ubuBuddha elinalo futhi lizobhekisela esimweni sokuthula nenkululeko engokomoya. Ukufinyelela i-nirvana kusho ukunqoba ukuhlupheka, ukuthola isimo esizolile kanye nenkululeko ngaphakathi komuntu. hhayi ezicini zangaphandle.
Busikiselani ubuBuddha?
Ngaphandle kokuqaphela noma yimuphi unkulunkulu ophakeme, ubuBuddha Ukhuthaza ukufinyelela ekukhanyeni okungokomoya kumuntu, okuhumushela ekuzuzeni ukuthula nokuhlakanipha okungapheli.
Indlela yokufeza lokho ehlongozwa yile filosofi kumele yenziwe ngesandla somuntu siqu, ngokusebenzisa izimoto ezifana nokuzindla, ukuhlakanipha nokuziphatha. Isifiso, ubugovu, ukuhlupheka kumele kubekwe eceleni. Kufanele uqine futhi ube nobulungisa kuwena ukuze uzuze lokhu.
Ngokwemfundiso yamaBuddha, sonke sinomphefumulo futhi imiphefumulo yethu ikumjikelezo waphakade wokuzalwa - ukufa - ukuphindukuzalwa... umjikelezo onganqanyulwa kuphela ngokukhanya okungokomoya.
I-Las imithetho karma Basekela ukuthi zonke izenzo ezinhle noma ezinhle zikhiqiza imiphumela emihle noma emihle nokuthi zonke izenzo ezingezinhle zikhiqiza imiphumela engemihle. Lezi zenzo ziqondwa njengezenziwe ngamabomu.
Umsuka nokuziphendukela kwemvelo: impilo kaSiddharta Gautama
USiddharta Gautama wazalwa ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC. C. emndenini wezicukuthwane eriphabhulikhi yasendulo yase-Sakia. Ngenxa yokuhlupheka akubona kubantu ababehlala edolobheni lakubo, wanquma ukushiya ukuphila kwakhe okunethezekile, isimo sabo, amalungelo abo kanye ukuzindla nokuzincisha injabulo waze wakwazi ukuthola indlela eyayizomholela ekuvukeni ngokomoya.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, Waqala ukufundisa umphakathi okhulayo wabalandeli izindlela ayezenzile ukuze azuze ukukhanyiselwa. Okuthile okuphambene nemikhuba evamile ye-brahmatic e-India.
Njengenkolo, ubuBuddha buzoqala phakathi kwekhulu lesi-5 nelesi-4 BC. C. Nokho, akukaze kuphakanyiswe ukwenziwa kukaBuddha unkulunkulu lapha. Basikisela izimfundiso zabo, ifilosofi yabo yokuphila nezinkolelo. Ngaphansi kwakho konke lokhu, ubuBuddha banda futhi bathola abalandeli kuyilapho ubuHindu bulahlekelwa yibo.
Ekhulwini I-XIX yilapho ifilosofi yamaBuddha ifinyelela eNtshonalanga futhi ngekhulu lama-XX kuzoba nabaningi abazojoyina kuBuddhism.
siddata gautama
Ngokwesiko lamaBuddha, wazalelwa eLumbini (iNepal yanamuhla) futhi ngemva kokushiya ukuphila kwakhe okuwubukhazikhazi wazinikela ekuncengeni, ekuzindleni nasekuzincisheni kuze kube yilapho efinyelela ekukhanyeni.
Buddha, wayehamba ethafeni eligcwele amathafa efundisa amadoda nabesifazane lokho ayekufundile futhi akhe umphakathi wenkolo wezindela. Wabonisa indlela phakathi kokuzitika ngomzimba nokuzincisha ukudla okuqinile. Indlela eshiwoyo yayihlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kokuziphatha, ukuzindla nokucabanga.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo Buddha wagxeka imikhuba ethile ye-brahmatic njengomhlatshelo wezilwane.
Ngemva kokufundisa indlela yakhe, wayezofela eKushinagar, afinyelele ku-paranirvana. Kusukela lapho iye yahlonishwa yizinkolo nemiphakathi ehlukene yase-Asia.
Izimfundiso zakhe zahlanganiswa ngamaqoqo abanzi njengamaSutra (Izinkulumo) noma amaVinaya (amakhodi wezindela). Okwanezelwa kuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izimfundiso zempilo kaBuddha kanye nezindaba ezidumile zempilo yakhe yangaphambilini.
Izimfundiso Eziyisisekelo: Amaqiniso Amane Ahloniphekile
Indlela yokuzuza ukukhanyiselwa imakwa yi- amaqiniso amane ahloniphekile asungulwa ubuBuddha futhi lokho kwatholwa nguBuddha:
Okokuqala: Ukuhlupheka kukhona futhi kusemhlabeni wonke, ukuphila akuphelele ngakho kunezinto ezinjengokuhlupheka.
Okwesibili: Umsuka wokuhlupheka usekufisweni. Uma sifuna izinto singene shí esivunguvungwini sokukhungatheka nokuhlupheka.
Okwesithathu: Ukuhlupheka kuyaphela lapho imbangela yakho iphela. Lapho isifiso siphuma futhi i-nirvana yamukelwa, ukuhlupheka kuyanyamalala.
Okwesine: kukhona a izindlela eziyisishiyagalombili zokwenza ukuhlupheka kunyamalale futhi kuzuzwe i-nirvana. Indlela eyakhiwe ukuhlakanipha, ukugxilisa ingqondo nokuziphatha. Izinyathelo eziyisishiyagalombili yilezi:
- umbono oqondile
- inhloso efanele
- khuluma kahle
- ukuziphatha okulungile
- ukuziphilisa okufanele
- umzamo olungile
- unembeza olungile
- ukuzindla okulungile
UbuBuddha emhlabeni wonke: amazwe anenani elikhulu lamaBuddha
Iningi lamaBuddha sisawathola e-Asiya, ngokuba iningi eBhutan, Myanmar, Cambodia, Japan, Laos, Mongolia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Macau naseTibet.
Hay abalulekile amaBuddha amancane futhi ezingxenyeni zaseNdiya, Nepal, Russia, South Korea naseNyakatho Korea.
Nokho, njengenkolo esemthethweni itholakala kuphela eBurma, eBhutan, eCambodia, naseThailand.
Ithonya leBuddhism esikweni elidumile laseNtshonalanga
UbuBuddha buhluke kakhulu etshalwe e-United States naseYurophu lapho kukhona cishe izigidi ezimbili yabalandeli. Kunabantu abaningi ababazi ubuBuddha futhi bavumelanise ifilosofi yabo nempilo abayiphilayo futhi ekugcineni bagcine beyingxenye yomphakathi wamaBuddha.
Nokho kukhona imikhuba eyenziwa abantu abaningi njenge-yoga, ukuzindla noma ukucabangela okuphuzwa yifilosofi yobuBuddha nokuthi abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe banquma ukufaka ezimpilweni zabo njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.