I-Holm Oak, isihlahla esihloniphekile esidabuka ezindaweni zaseMedithera, esikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezimbi kakhulu, iyisidondoshiya esincane esimelana kakhulu futhi esiphila isikhathi eside, esaziwa ngokuthi isihlahla somthunzi. Kulesi sihloko sizokwethula izici zayo, ukutshala, ukunakekelwa nokusetshenziswa, ungafunda konke lokho nokuningi lapha, ngakho-ke qhubeka futhi uqhubeke nokufunda.
I-oki
Lesi sihlahla esikhulu kodwa esinomthunzi omncane esibizwa ngokuthi i-Encina, esaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-holm oak, i-chaparra noma i-chaparro, sinamaqabunga amahle asenza sibe isitshalo esihle kakhulu. Itholakala eMedithera. Izazisa izakhiwo ezikhethekile mayelana nokumelana, njengoba ikwazi ukusinda ekucekeleni phansi kwesimo sezulu, isithelo esaziwa kakhulu nge-acorn kanye nesinye sezinkuni ezinhle kakhulu. Isibe yisiqephu esibalulekile ekulweni nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, ngenxa yokukhiqiza kwayo okukhulu komoyampilo kanye nokumuncwa kwesikhutha.
Igama elivamile
I-Encina isihlahla esidume kakhulu eSpain. Lesi sifanekiso sinikezwa igama endaweni ngayinye, ngakho-ke sethula uhlu oluvame kakhulu.
- ILa Terrona eZarza de Montanchez, eCáceres, eSpain.
- Tres Patas de Mendaza, Navarra, Spain.
- Encina de la Peana, eSeron, esiFundazweni sase-Almería, eSpain.
- I-Holm oak yaseNutxes de Jijona, e-Alicante, eSpain.
- I-Holm oak yaseCulla, eCulla, esiFundazweni saseCastellon, eSpain.
- I-Chaparro yaseVega de Coripe, eSeville, eSpain.
- I-Marcioness in Navalmoral de la Mata, Cáceres, Spain.A
- ILa Nieta ngesikhathi sikaTorre de Santa María, eCáceres, eSpain.
- I-Oak of the Virgin eCordobilla de Lácara, Badajoz, Spain.A
- I-Encinar de Camparañón, eSoria, eSpain.A
- Iminyaka eyinkulungwane noma yezinkulungwane zezimvu zase-Alcudia Valley, eCiudad Real, eSpain.
Isihlahla esingcwele
Isihlahla se-Encina kwakuyisitshalo esihlonishwayo ezikhathini zasendulo njengoba sasimelela amandla, ukuzinza nokuphila isikhathi eside. Kunezinganekwane ezinamandla ezilandisa ukuthi isiphambano lapho uJesu abethelwa khona senziwa ngokhuni oluvela e-Encina. Njengeqembu likaHercules. Lesi sihlahla sasisetshenziselwa ukufeza izinkolo ezithile zezinganekwane zamaCeltic phakathi neNkathi Yensimbi, lapho kwakuqhutshwa khona ukukholelwa kwezithixo eziningi futhi abapristi babewusebenzisa ukuze basebenzise ulwazi lokuphulukisa nokubikezela ngenxa yamandla amakhulu lawo ayewajwayele. Lolu hlobo lunikezwe ukubaluleka okukhulu kwamasiko, ngokwezinkondlo, izingoma, izimfumbe, imidwebo, phakathi kwezinye eziningi.
Descripción
I-Holm Oak, ogama layo lesayensi i-Quercus ilex, isihlahla, singowomndeni wakwaFagaceae, njengoba izithelo zawo ziwuhlobo lwe-legume, olungafinyelela phakathi kwamamitha ayi-16 no-25 ukuphakama, olukwazi ukulondoloza amahlamvu awo unyaka wonke. . , ngenxa yalesi sizathu iphakathi kwezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza, ezinezici ze-shruby, njengoba umqhele wayo uba mkhulu kakhulu, ubanzi, uyindilinga futhi uphansi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amaqabunga ayo aqinile futhi anesikhumba angahlala eqinile kuze kube iminyaka emi-4. Mancane, incenye yawo iluhlaza okotshani ohlangothini olungenhla, kanti ngaphansi ilula futhi i-tomentose, imbozwe ngensingo emincane empunga, evimbela ukuphuma nokuhwamuka kwamanzi, iwagcine isikhathi eside futhi ngaleyo ndlela ikwazi ukusinda emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Ngokuqondene nezimbali ze-Holm Oak, lezi zivame ukuvela phakathi kwezinyanga zika-March no-May, ezingezesigaba se-monoecious ezibonakala ngama-catkins ahlelwe ngamaqoqo futhi ngamaqoqo amakhulu, ethulwa aqondile abese ephenduka imihlobiso elengayo. . Zinomthunzi ohlukahlukene oqala kokuphuzi, udlula kuwolintshi uphele ngokunsundu futhi usabalaliswe esiqongweni sesihlahla uma kwenzeka kwabesilisa. Nokho, izimbali zesifazane zalesi sitshalo zincane futhi zikhula zodwa, ezibuye zihluke ngombala, ziqala kobomvu futhi kamuva zishintshe zibe osawolintshi.
Isiqu se-oki sibushelelezi, sinethoni empunga ngokuluhlaza, iqinile futhi iqinile, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iba mnyama kuze kube mnyama futhi kuqale ukuqhekeka okukhulu. Isithelo saziwa ngokuthi i-acorn enomumo oyi-oblong futhi ocijile ozalwa yodwa noma ngababili.
Ukuphila Okude kwe-Oak
I-Holm Oak iwuhlobo lwesihlahla esikhula kancane, okusho ukuthi sifinyelela ekukhuleni kwaso esikhathini esiyiminyaka engama-40 kuya kwengama-50, okuyilapho zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha angama-25. Umqhele wayo omkhulu futhi onamahlathi wenza kube lula ukukhula kotshani obuzungezile, okwenza kube indawo ekahle yezilwane.
Izinhlobo ze-Oaks
Izinhlobo ezimbili zezihlahla ze-Encina zingatholakala: I-Quercus ilex L. subsp, eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi i-Encina, amaqabunga ayo makhulu, afana kakhulu ne-laurel, umqhele wawo mude unikeza ukubukeka okuqondile, izithelo zawo ziyi-acorns ababayo. Futhi i-Quercus ilex L. subsp. i-ballota (noma i-rotundifolia), enesithelo se-acorn esimnandi, inamaqabunga amise okweqanda anamaphethelo angama-spiny, lolu hlobo yilona olumelana kakhulu. Yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Holm oak, ingilazi yayo iyindilinga futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama okuncane.
Ukusatshalaliswa
I-Encina, isatshalaliswa endaweni yaseMedithera, ikakhulukazi eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia. Lolu hlobo luvumelana kahle nezimo zezulu ezinesomiso eside, ngoba amaqabunga alo aluvumela ukuba lugcine amanzi. ESpain singesinye sezihlahla ezithatha ingxenye enkulu yehlathi. Indawo etholakala kuyo kangcono kakhulu isezindaweni zamatshe e-limestone, lapho inhlabathi yome ngokwanele, yakha amahlathi amakhulu angangeneki, anezintaba ezinkulu ezinameva. Lawa mahlathi aziwa ngegama lama-oki aseCantabrian, okuyizindawo ezivikeleke kakhulu iziqiwu.
Izithelo ze-Oak
Isithelo esikhiqizwa i-Holm Oak i-acorn, equkethe imbewu ene-pericarp eqinile, eneqoqo lama-bracts azungeze noma amboze isitho sesitshalo esibizwa ngokuthi i-involucre. Ngokuvamile ziwela eduze kwesihlahla lapho igobolondo lazo lithamba khona ukuze imbewu ikwazi ukumila. Zinkulu, zinsundu ngokukhazimulayo uma sezivuthiwe. Zethula idome elakhiwe ama-bracts avala ingxenye yesithathu ye-acorn ngesihloko esicijile. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwalesi sithelo sisukela kuMfumfu kuya kuLwezi futhi zivamise ukuwela kuze kube yinyanga kaMasingana. Kungachithwa amakhilogremu angama-20 kuwo. Usebenza njengokudla kwezilwane ezithile njengezingulube, onogwaja, ama-partridge namajuba ahamba amakhilomitha amaningana ukuze ajabulele lesi sidlo esimnandi.
Abantu nabo bayazuza kulesi sithelo ngokusidla siluhlaza noma sigazingiwe. Nakuba khumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke ama-acorns asetshenziswayo. Zikhona ezinoshukela kanti ezinye ziyababa, lokhu kuzoncika ekutheni ziphuma kuphi, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuthi kudle ezibabayo ngoba zine-tannin ephezulu, engagayeki, ngakho-ke kungcono ukudla uswidi. ama-acorns. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-acorns ngendlela ehlakaniphile kungasiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-cholesterol, kukhiphe ubuthi emzimbeni ngenxa yenani le-antioxidant eliqukethe.
Ukugcinwa kwezithelo
Lesi sithelo singagcinwa isikhashana njengoba igobolondo laso lisigcina ekuhlaselweni amagciwane. Kuhle kakhulu ukuwahlanza bese uwabeka ezikhwameni eziphefumulayo endaweni epholile, enomthunzi omncane futhi eyomile, njengoba ejwayele ukungenwa isikhunta uma ehlangene nomswakama ngesikhathi uwagcina, ayingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwe-aflatoxin noma i-toxicogenic fungus, eyingozi kakhulu kubantu njengoba ithinta ngokuqondile isibindi, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi ukugcinwa kwayo kungabi isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ukuze kulondolozwe kangcono, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi izinga lokushisa elizungezile lendawo yokugcina libe ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-25 elinomoya omuhle, nokukhanya okuthile futhi lome ngokuphelele.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Oak
I-Holm Oak inezici ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinkuni zayo kuya kwezokwelapha. Lapha sethula izinsiza zayo ezahlukene. Ngokuqondene nokhuni lwawo, lusetshenziswa embonini yamapulangwe, ukuze kucaciswe phansi, izibambo zamathuluzi nezinye izingcezu ezidinga ukhuni oluqinile. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu khuni alukwazi ukuthambile kalula, kodwa lumelana kakhulu. Ngokuqondene nokusetshenziswa kwaso okunomsoco, isithelo sidliwa abantu njengesithelo esomile noma esiphansi ukwenza isinkwa, esikhundleni sekhofi noma ukwenza i-gelatin (eKorea). Uma izodliwa iluhlaza, ukuvumelana kwayo kufana kakhulu nama-chestnuts, kodwa akufanele kudliwe ngobuningi njengoba kungenakudliwa, noma ngesisu esingenalutho.
Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukuphakela izinkomo nezingulube. Ukusebenziseka kwayo njengophethiloli kusetshenziselwa iziko nanjengamalahle njengoba inenzuzo yokukhipha ukushisa okukhulu, ikhiqize umlilo omuhle. Amagxolo alolu hlobo asetshenziselwa ukuthambisa izikhumba zezilwane, ngenxa yento ebizwa ngokuthi i-tannin. Ngokuqondene nokusetshenziswa komuthi, ukuhlanganisa amagxolo, ama-acorns namaqabunga kuhle njenge-astringent ne-ejenti yokuphulukisa.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi
Ikhwalithi yayo yokwelapha ilele enanini le-tannin ne-cuercetanic acid enayo. Phakathi kwalezi zimo kukhona: Ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu, i-tannin isiza ukuqeda amathumbu nokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuthatha isipuni esingu-1 ngaphambi kokulala isikhathi esiyizinsuku eziyi-7. I-infusion yenziwa ngegxolo elimnandi ngoju. Ezimweni zokugaya ukudla, kuvumela ukuthuthukisa kakhulu inqubo yokugaya ukudla, ngenxa yalokhu ama-acorns agaywe kahle kakhulu futhi kulungiswa uhlobo lwekhofi.
Ngaphezu kwezinkomishi ezimbili ngosuku akunconywa. Ngokuhuda kuyasiza kakhulu endaweni yayo yokuvimbela ukukhishwa kwamathumbu emathunjini. Kulokhu, ukumnika kulungiswa ngokubeka amaqabunga awomile owodwa noma amabili enkomishini ngayinye yamanzi abilayo, uma kungenzeka, uwadle kancane ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye.
Endabeni yokusebenzisa i-Holm Oak ngezimo zangaphandle, ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokulwa namagciwane, isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-eczema, evame ukuvela emadolweni, ezindololwaneni, ezinyaweni noma ezandleni. Ukuyiphatha, i-decoction yenziwa ngesilinganiso sezipuni ezi-4 zamagxolo agayiwe ilitha ngalinye lamanzi, lokhu kulungiselelwa kufakwa ngendlela ye-compress endaweni ethintekile. Ukwelapha umphimbo obuhlungu kanye ne-pharyngitis, ama-gargles ayenziwa ngokufakwa kwamagxolo, ngaphandle kokugwinya uketshezi.
Endabeni yama-hemorrhoids, kunconywa ukwenza ukugeza kwesihlalo imizuzu embalwa ngezipuni ezi-3 zamagxolo kuwo wonke ilitha lamanzi. Ekwelapheni amanxeba kufaneleka kakhulu impahla yayo yokubulala inzalo, kanye nokwelapha imivimbo ye-varicose ekhiqiza izilonda ze-varicose.
Ukwelapha ukuvuvukala kwesibeletho, igxolo le-Enzyme nalo liyatuswa kakhulu, ukwenza amadoushi esithweni sangasese sangasese sowesifazane, kanye nokuluma noma ukulunywa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, lisiza ekudambiseni izimpawu ezisetshenziswa ngaphandle ngokucindezela noma ukugeza kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Kuma-chilblains, isetshenziswa njengendlela yokukhulula izimpawu zalesi simo ngokugeza okufudumele okufakwe kuzo zombili izandla nezinyawo.
Lapho kuvela ukopha, kusetshenziselwa ukugaya amaqabunga ngocezu lwamagxolo kuze kube yilapho kutholakala unamathisele, ukuyibeka endaweni ethintekile. Njengezimonyo, kunconywa ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi izinduna. Ngokufanayo, ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha i-gingivitis noma ukopha ngomlomo. Uma ukopha emakhaleni kwenzeka, ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo se-astringent, sigaywa kahle kakhulu futhi ingcosana iyahogela.
Kodwa ukunakwa noma yikuphi kwalokhu kusetshenziswa kuyadingeka ukubonisana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukusabela okubi okungenzeka kube nakho. Nakuba kungabhekwa njengesitshalo esinobuthi, akukhuthazwa ukusisebenzisa ngemithamo ephezulu, ngoba kungabangela ukuhlanza kanye nezimpawu ze-gastritis, ngakho-ke kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha.
Izinhlupho nezifo
Lesi sihlahla esinamaqabunga, esiqinile futhi esimelana nezifo, esigcwele ingxenye enkulu yeMedithera naseNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia, sisengozini ngenxa yokuba sengozini yokuhlaselwa yizilokazane nezifo ngokweqile.Lapha sethula ezinye zazo nendlela yokulwa nazo.
Izifo
Esinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu ezithinta i-Holm Oak indawo yeqabunga noma eyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi utwayi, igama layo lesayensi yi-Cycloconium quercus-ilicis, lesi sikhunta sithinta ingxenye engenhla yeqabunga enamabala amnyama kanye ne-halo ephuzi, egcina kwakha uqweqwe ku-cuticle yeqabunga, okubizwa ngokuthi utwayi, futhi ekugcineni kubangele ukubola. Imbangela yalesi simo kuthiwa yizimo zezulu kanye nokulwa naso, kunconywa ukwenza ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngama-fungicides asekelwe ethusi ekupheleni kwekwindla nasekuqaleni kobusika nentwasahlobo, ngale ndlela impilo enempilo yalesi sihlahla. kungaqinisekiswa.
Esinye isimo salolu hlobo “somile”, lesi sifo sidala ukuthi lesi sihlahla sibe buthakathaka futhi sife, njengoba sidala ukuwohloka kwamaqabunga, okwenzeka lapho ukhunta okuthiwa i-phytophthora, ngokwesayensi eyaziwa ngokuthi iPhytophthora cinnamomi Rands, luqala ukubola izimpande ezivimbela ukubola kwezimpande. ukumuncwa kwamanzi nezakhamzimba. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa ngendawo. Lesi simo sibhekwa njengesinye esiyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, sibe usongo lwemvelo.
Ukuze uqaphele ukuthi ubonakala ubonakala kulobu bubi, kwanele ukubona ukuthi isiqongo somuthi siqala ukukhanya futhi amaqabunga awo aqala ukuwa ngalokho okubhekwa njengokufa okungazelelwe. Ukubonakala kwalesi sikhunta kuvamile lapho isihlahla singaphezu kwesikhukhula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuhle ukugwema izindlela, izimoto ezidlulayo kanye nokulima eduze kwalezi zibonelo.
Ukhunta i-Taphrina kruchii (Vuill.) Schroet, ivamise ukuthelela isithelo se-Holm Oak namagatsha azisekelayo. Izimbali ezisemagatsheni ngokuvamile ziba ne-chlorotic kakhulu, zibe yilokho okwaziwa ngokuthi umshanelo womthakathi olahlekelwa umbala kancane kancane uze uwohloke. Singathola futhi izimo ezibangelwa i-Armillariella mellea, ijwayele ukubola izimpande futhi kamuva amagatsha, ngesikhathi esifanayo iqala ukukhiqiza uketshezi olumnyama. Lapho lesi sifo sifika esiqwini, izilonda ezinjengemifantu ziqala ukubonakala, okwenza amagxolo ahlukane kalula.
I-Holm Oak ingaphinde ithinteke yi-Hypoxylum mediterraneum, noma i-diplodia, okuyisikhunta se-anamorphic esidala umonakalo omkhulu lapho ukuthenwa okungafanele kwenziwa futhi ngaphandle kwesikhathi esifanele sokukwenza, okuthinta ngokuqondile i-peduncle, njengoba ithambile. Lesi simo sivela ngenxa yomswakama owedlulele noma izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni kwemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ye-fungicidal ngokuvimbela.
Izinambuzane
I-Tortrix viridana butterfly: Kuphakathi kwezinambuzane ezihlukene ezingathinta kakhulu i-Holm Oak. Lesi sibungu sibangela ukubhujiswa okukhulu emahlumela futhi ngenxa yalokho ukubola. Le lepidoptera ibhekwa njengesifo esinomthelela omkhulu kulezi zibonelo, ibangele izimbobo kuhlumela okuthi, lapho livulwa, zenze uhlobo oluthile lwesiphephelo. Ezinsikazi zizalela amaqanda amathathu ambozwe amazenga namagxolo ukuze ahlale enombala ofanayo nowensikazi, okwenza kube nzima ukuwabona.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka kamuva, inqubo yokuqhakaza ayenzeki. Ukuze ulwe nalesi zinambuzane, kunconywa ukuthi ukwenze ngenkathi usesimweni sesibungu. Ama-insecticide asekelwe kuma-organophosphates, ama-pyrethroids noma ama-carbamates angasetshenziswa othulini ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwelanga noma ukushona kwelanga kanye nomoya omncane.
ILymantria yehlukile: ngesinye sezinambuzane ezidala umonakalo omkhulu esihlahleni i-Encina. Lolu hlobo lovemvane lunezici ezingavamile njengokuthi: lubhekwa njengesithembu se-par excellence, okungukuthi, ludla izinto ezihlukahlukene, ludla cishe kabili isisindo salo. Amaqanda azo abekwe emagatsheni naseziqwini kuyilapho ewamboza ngobunwele obuthile. Umonakalo we-oki i-Holm ukhiqizwa isibungu esidla kokubili amaqabunga namaqabunga, okubangela ukubola.
ESpain kulinganiselwa ukuthi njalo ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa lesi zinambuzane sikhula ngamanani, okubangela umonakalo omkhulu kulesi sihlahla. Ngokulawulwa kwayo, kuhle ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngokusekelwe ku-Bacillus thuringiensis kanye ne-chitin synthesis inhibitors.
i-catocala nymphagoga: kubhekwa phakathi kohlu lwezinambuzane ezibhubhisa kakhulu ze-Holm Oak, njengoba zonakalisa kakhulu, izibungu zayo zidla cishe wonke amahlamvu ezimbali zangaphambilini, zishiya isihlahla singenalutho ngokuphelele, siyakwazi ukwamukela umbala nokubukeka. yamagatsha, ehlala isikhathi eside enganyakazi, phakathi nesigaba sawo sezibungu sibonakala silenga ngomucu.
Ingulube ye-Cerambyx: lezi zinambuzane zibekela amaqanda azo ngaphakathi kwamagxolo noma amagatsha aminyene, ngokuvamile zibheka izihlahla esezivele zincipha, zenza amagalari amakhulu asheshisa inqubo yokubola futhi ngenxa yalokho acekele phansi yonke ingxenye yendawo ekhiqiza izingodo. Enye yezimbangela zokuhlasela okukhulu kwe-Holm Oaks ukuthena okunganele, okuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi zinambuzane zingena kalula. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi naphezu kwengozi yokuthi lesi zinambuzane simelela izihlahla ze-Holm Oak, ngo-1988, kwathiwa iwuhlobo olusengozini, iba isinambuzane esivikelwe.
I-Scolytus intricatus: Iphakathi kohlobo lwebhungane futhi ingacekela phansi izihlahla ngokusabalalisa i-elm graphiosis, okuyisifo sokukhunta. Ingena ngemiqumbe, kodwa iyakwazi ukubhoboza isiqu, izimpande ngisho namahlamvu. Ibekela amaqanda ayo emagalaji, kamuva abe yizibungu ezinomzimba omhlophe nekhanda elinsundu.
Ukudla akuthandayo yizihlahla ezigulayo. Abantu abadala banendawo yokubhoboza amagxolo baze bafike ongqimbeni oluphilayo lwesiqu, benze amagalari amakhulu, abese eqiniswa yizibungu. Lezi zenzo zibulala umuthi ngokushesha. Ukuyilawula, izihlahla ezithinteke kakhulu kufanele zicekelwe phansi futhi kusetshenziswe imithi yokwelapha ezithombeni ezizungezile.
I-Coelides ruber: Lolu hlobo lwesilokazane luvame ukudla izicubu zezitshalo ezineziponji, ezigcwele amangqamuzana aphilayo. Lawa ma-interstices, okungukuthi, izingxenye ezilinganayo zeshidi elifanayo ezishiywe yimikhumbi futhi ezingaba nemisebenzi ehlukene ngokuya ngendawo yazo, njenge-photosynthesis noma inqwaba yezinto.
I-Operophtera brumata noma inundu yasebusika: Iwuvemvane oluvela ezibungwini ezihamba phansi ngemicu kasilika. Amaqanda afakwa emifantwini yesiqu kanye nasemagatsheni. Lezi zibungu zivela emaqabunga ngendlela ye-spiral, futhi zingene ehlumeni, zidle izimbali namaqabunga. Ukuze ubone ukuthi lesi sifo sihlala yini esihlahleni, kumane kudingekile ukuba ubone ngeso lengqondo uma amaqabunga adliwe kancane ehlanganiswa ngendwangu kasilika, lokhu kuveza ukuwohloka okukhulu kwamahlamvu eHolm Oak.
I-Singular Oaks
- I-oki yaseLa Terrona eZarza de Montanchez (Cáceres, Spain). Ibhekwa njenge-oki enkulu kunazo zonke eSpain futhi ngokunokwenzeka emhlabeni wonke.
- Encina Tres Patas de Mendaza, Navarra, Spain
- I-Encina de la Peana, eseSón, esifundazweni sase-Almería, eSpain.
- Holm oak of Nutxes de Jijona, Alicante, Spain
- Holm oak of Culla, e Culla, Province of Castellón, Spain.
- I-Chaparro de la Vega de Coripe Seville, Spain
- I-Marcioness in Navalmoral de la Mata Cáceres, Spain.
- I-La Nieta ngesikhathi saseTorre de Santa María Cáceres, eSpain.
- I-Oak of the Virgin e-Cordobilla de Lácara Badajoz, eSpain.
- I-Oak evela eCamparañon Soria, eSpain.
- Isihlahla Seminyaka Eyinkulungwane noma Izimvu Eziyinkulungwane Zasesigodini sase-Alcudia Ciudad Real, eSpain.
Ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi
Uhlobo lwe-Encina, isihlahla esikhula kancane. Ngokuqinisekile, ukumila kwembewu kungase kubonakale kushesha ngoba ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ihlumela lingase libonakale, kodwa kungathatha iminyaka ukuba lifinyelele imitha ukuphakama. Uma ufuna ukusheshisa inqubo futhi uyenze ikhule ngamasentimitha angu-10 ngonyaka, kufanele ibe nombala emthunzini. Kulolu hlobo lwezilwane, ukufakelwa akunconywa, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuthi kutshalwe ngqo endaweni lapho kuzohlala khona impilo yabo yonke.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, imbewu ye-acorn kufanele itshalwe ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba ivunwa, njalo uzama ukubeka inani elikhulu, ngoba kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi lesi sithelo siyingxenye yokudla kwezilwane eziningi. Kukhona futhi ithuba lokuvuselelwa kwemvelo, okuthi, ngenxa ye-jay, okuwuhlobo lwenyoni ejwayelekile yezwe elidala, engakwazi ukuthwala i-acorn ibanga elingamakhilomitha amabili ukuze idliwe, kodwa enye isala futhi ingafinyelela hluma
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umsebenzi wale nyoni ubaluleke kakhulu ekutshalweni kabusha kwamahlathi alolu hlobo futhi ngenxa yalokhu kufanele kudalwe indawo eyanele lapho kunezihlahla ze-Holm Oak ezanele ezikhiqiza izithelo namadwala okwanele ukuze akhonze njengendawo yokucasha futhi ngaleyo ndlela kube. ukwazi ukugcina inqubo.yokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi emvelo.
Curiosities
Emlandweni wasendulo, isihlahla i-Encina sasihlonishwa futhi sihlonishwa. Ngokwezinkolelo zabo, onkulunkulu babehlala kuyo, ngakho lomfanekiso waba i-altare lemikhuba ethile. Ukuthinta ukhuni lwawo kwakuwuphawu lwenhlanhla, ngoba luheha amandla amahle, yingakho isisho esithi "ngqongqotha ukhuni", futhi sasiza ukuxosha wonke amandla nezifo ezimbi. Yayisetshenziswa futhi njengophawu lwesivikelo. Enkathini yensimbi, amaCelt aqinisekisa ukuthi i-Encina yayinomthamo omkhulu wamandla ngenxa yenyanga, ilanga nomhlaba, ngokuba namaqabunga futhi unamandla, ngakho ngokomfanekiso bawamukela njengendlela yokujova amandla, ukubamba imihlangano. ezibalulekile eduze nawe.
Isihlahla se-Encina sivame ukudideka nesihlahla se-oki, njengoba zombili ziwuhlobo olufanayo, kodwa lesi sakamuva siningi kakhulu. Esinye isizathu siwukuthi ngesiNgisi elithi Encina elithi "oak" elilingana nehlelo elinikezwa i-oki. Phakathi kwamaqiniso athakazelisayo alolu hlobo ukuthi ngenkathi ukukhula kwawo kubonakala kuhamba kancane, kuvela ukuthi i-Holm Oak ikhula ezimpandeni, okungukuthi, ngenkathi ihlumela lesitshalo elingakwazi ukukala isentimitha elilodwa livela, impande yalo isivele ifinyelele phezulu. Amamitha angu-1,5 noma ama-2 lokhu kufunwa amanzi, ukuze kumelane nezikhathi zesomiso.
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-Encina, ngikumema ukuthi ubukele le vidiyo:
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezihlahla, ngokulandela lezi zixhumanisi: