Mhlawumbe enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu zemvelo emhlabeni wethu, kanye nenye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu ukuzichaza: Izibani ZaseNyakatho. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokudala indawo ecishe ibe yi-surreal esibhakabhakeni sethu, kodwa futhi kuyisihloko sezifundo zezinkanyezi ezichaza ukuthi inkambu ye-electromagnetic yoMhlaba isebenza kanjani.
Impela, njengathi, ngesinye isikhathi uye wamangala ngombukwane ohlaba umxhwele ongenziwa izibani zasenyakatho esibhakabhakeni sezigxobo zoMhlaba. Kubonakala sengathi zenza kabusha isiqephu sefilimu eqanjiwe yesayensi noma umbono wesibhakabhaka kwenye iplanethi eyinqaba engaphandle kwesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga.
Kodwa akuzona ngempela izinto eziqanjiwe zesayensi, futhi azisona neze isibonakaliso saphezulu (njengoba amasiko amaningi asendulo ayekholelwa). Empeleni, amalambu asenyakatho akhiqizwa eMhlabeni, ngenxa yokuthakasela kwezinhlayiya zomkhathi wethu ngenxa yomphumela wemimoya yelanga.
Uma ungathanda ukubona izibani ezisenyakatho futhi ufuna ukwazi konke mayelana nalesi sihloko esithakazelisayo, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda isihloko sethu kuze kube sekupheleni, lapho sizokufundisa khona. ziyini izibani zasenyakatho nezinye izici ezibalulekile ezihlobene nazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzofunda mayelana ukwakheka kanye nemiphumela yeziphepho zelanga nakho okunomthelela kulo mkhuba.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngezimangaliso ezihlala endaweni yonke, akufanele uphuthelwe isihloko sethu mayelana I-Hubble telescope, iso elibheka emkhathini.
Ayini amalambu asenyakatho?
I-Northern Lights iyisimo se i-luminescence yemvelo okwenzeka ebusuku esibhakabhakeni esisenyakatho nenkabazwe yomhlaba.
Izibani ezivezwa esibhakabhakeni zihlaba umxhwele ngempela ngoba zimise okwegagasi futhi zibonakala zihamba kancane, lesi kwakuyisici esamangaza futhi sadida izakhamuzi zamazwe lapho lesi senzakalo sibonakala khona amakhulu eminyaka.
Nakuba kuwumbukwane onemibala eminingi, i-Northern Lights ibonakala iluhlaza kakhulu ngombala. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba okuluhlaza umbala wokusabela kwamakhemikhali lapho kufakwa i-ionizing inhlayiya yomoya-mpilo, okwenzeka njengengxenye yamangqamuzana evame kakhulu kuleyo ndawo yomkhathi wethu.
Kodwa-ke, i-aurora borealis ijwayele ukushintsha kancane kancane umbala (obomvana, obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) njengoba imisebe evela emimoyeni yelanga ijabulisa amanye ama-molecule aminyene noma angeningi kakhulu emkhathini njenge-hydrogen, ikhabhoni ne-nitrogen.
Iqiniso elinelukuluku: ¡ AKUWONA WONKE I-AURORAS AYI-BOREAL!
Ngokuvamile, lesi sigameko asenzeki endaweni esenyakatho yoMhlaba kuphela, kodwa futhi senzeka eningizimu, lapho-ke, lesi simo siye sabizwa ngokuthi i-aurora australis
Zombili lezi zimo zihlangene zaziwa ngokuthi izibani ze-polarNokho, "Northern Lights" zithandwa kakhulu kunamawele azo eningizimu, ngenxa nje yokuthi kulula kakhulu ukuzibona futhi zingabonwa emazweni amaningi kangaka.
I-Aurora Borealis: umsuka wegama
Noma kunjalo "kusa" ngokwayo ibhekisela kuekuseni", leli gama liqanjwe ngokuhlonishwa Ekuseni, unkulunkulukazi wamaRoma owayefanekisela ukuphuma kwelanga.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, elithi "Boreal" lisuselwa egameni lesiGreki "Boreas", okuhunyushwa kwayo kuzoba “i-northern hemisphere”.
Akhiwa kanjani amalambu asenyakatho?
Isithombe, esithathwe yi-International Space Station, sibonisa ukuthi injani inkambu kazibuthe ye-Earth uma ijatshulwa imimoya yelanga, ikhiqiza i-Northern Lights.
I-polar auroras (izibani zasenyakatho nezase-austral) zikhiqizwa njengomkhiqizo wesasasa elilethwa imimoya yelanga kuma-molecule egesi akhona emkhathini wethu.
Le nqubo yenzeka ngoba imimoya yelanga "iyanyakaziswa" ibheke ezigxotsheni zomhlaba
phezu komthelela ozibuthe weplanethi yethu, isihlangu esingabonakali esakhiwe umsebenzi wamaminerali emnyombweni weplanethi futhi esisebenza njengenkundla yamandla ngokumelene nemisebe yelanga ye-UV.
Lapho le mimoya ifinyelela ezigxotsheni zomhlaba, imisebe yayo ijabulisa izinhlayiya zegesi, izenze zithole i-electron eyengeziwe, ekhiqiza ukusabela okukhulu kwamandla, okuvezwa endaweni esizungezile ngokuphazima kokukhanya.
Ngokuya ngobukhulu bemimoya, indawo yomhlaba kanye nenani kanye nohlobo lwezinhlayiya ze-ionized, izici ze-Northern Lights zingashintsha, zihlale zithatha amafomu ahlukene, zihamba ngezindlela ezahlukene futhi zishintsha kancane kancane umbala wombala.
Kungani zibonwa ezigxotsheni hhayi kuwo wonke umhlaba?
Kungani i-polar auroras ingabonwa kuphela ezigxotsheni zomhlaba futhi hhayi kuwo wonke umhlaba ingenye yemibuzo evame kakhulu ehlobene nalesi sihloko. Phela, i-magnetosphere izungeza yonke i-Earth sphere.
Ukwenza kube lula ukukuqonda, sizokuchaza kanje:
Nakuba i-magnetosphere izungeza iplanethi yethu, ngeke ibe nokwakheka okuyindilinga okuhambisana nomhlaba, kunalokho izoba njengeqanda eliyisiyingi, eliyisicaba ngaphambili futhi libe side kakhulu engxenyeni engemuva yeplanethi maqondana nelanga.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi amandla omoya welanga acindezela inkambu yamandla, ewelula emuva. Okufana nalokho obekungenzeka uma sizungeza itshe elithintwe ukugeleza kwamanzi emfuleni anebhamuza.
Ngakho-ke, iphuzu eliseduze kakhulu (ubude obuphansi kakhulu) be-magnetosphere maqondana nomhlabathi lenzeka khona kuma-axis amabili amhlophe eplanethi, lehlela emazingeni lapho ukuhlangana kwama-molecule egesi emkhathini kuningi kakhulu (phakathi kwe-100 ne- 300 km ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle).
Nini futhi kuphi ukubona Northern Lights?
Ngenxa yobuhle bayo nesimo esiyingqayizivele emhlabeni, ukubona izibani ezisenyakatho sekuwumsebenzi othakaselwa abavakashi. Amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu ahamba unyaka ngamunye eya emazweni asenyakatho, lapho ayengabona khona lo mdlalo ohlaba umxhwele wezibani esibhakabhakeni.
Kodwa-ke, ukuzingela i-Northern Lights akuwona neze umsebenzi olula…noma kushibhile.
I-Northern Lights iyinto engabikezeleki ngokuphelele, ngoba amathuluzi ethu awakwazi ukubala amathuba okwakheka kwe-aurora ngesikhathi nendawo ethile.
Kodwa-ke, uma sazi izimo ezithile ezingenza ukubona izibani zaseNyakatho kwenzeke kakhulu endaweni ethile.
Kudingekani ubona izibani zasenyakatho?
- Ama-aurora angabonwa ngeso lenyama kuphela ebusika; Ngenhlanhla, ubusika eNorth Pole bude kakhulu.
- Zingabonwa kuphela kuma-latitudes ngaphezu komugqa wendilinga ye-polar
- Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokubona i-Northern Lights siphakathi kwezinyanga zika-Okthoba no-March.
- Khetha izindawo ezinokungcoliswa kokukhanya okuncane komhlaba. Lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sokubheka i-Northern Lights.
Zikuphi izibani zaseNyakatho ezibonwa kakhulu?
Kunezindawo ezimbalwa ze-Nordic ezibonakala zilungele uhambo lokufuna izibani eziphelele zaseNyakatho. Kuzo zonke, mhlawumbe amalambu asenyakatho e-norway ilona elidume kunawo wonke, njengoba leli zwe lithola izivakashi eziningi ngonyaka ngenxa yale njongo.
Ezinye zezindawo lapho ungabona khona izibani zasenyakatho yilezi:
- North Cape – Norway
- I-Aurora Sky Station - iLapland yaseSweden
- Urho Kekkonen – Finland
- Isiqhingi saseLofoten - eNorway
- I-Fairbanks-Alaska
- I-Yellowknife - eCanada
- I-Shetland Islands - UK
Izibani zasenyakatho ezikhathini zasendulo
Emasikweni amaningi aseNordic, iNorthern Lights yasuka ekubeni yimpicabadala yaya engxenyeni ebalulekile yamasiko nezinkolelo zabo zenkolo. Eqinisweni, ngaphambi kokuqonda kwabo kwesayensi, izibani ze-polar, njengenkanyezi enomsila, zazihlobene nezinhlekelele zemvelo, amabika amabi nolaka lwabanye onkulunkulu.
AmaSami, amaNorwegi omdabu
Inganekwane yamaSami (abantu abavela enhlonhlweni yaseLapland, enyakatho yeNorway) itshela ukuthi ukwakheka kwezibani zasenyakatho kukhiqizwa umkhondo womlilo oshiywe impungushe yasezulwini ukuwela isibhakabhaka ebusuku.
KumaSami, umzila oshiywe umsila wempungushe ovuthayo wawuyophawula indlela esuka endizeni yasemhlabeni iye kwelinye izwe.
Eqinisweni, igama lokuhlonza izibani zaseNyakatho ngesiFinnish "i-revontulette", okusho ukuthi: Fire Fox.
EGreenland...
Abantu baseGreenlandic Eskimo babekholelwa ukuthi indlela yokukhanya esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku yayikhiqizwa udwendwe lwemiphefumulo iye kwelinye izwe ngenxa yezimpi. ngakho-ke, ukubonakala kwezibani zasenyakatho phakathi nokuphela konyaka kwathathwa njengesandulela sempi.
kwabase-Inuit
Ama-Inuit nawo angabomdabu base-Eskimo. Lezi zitholakala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho yeNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi i-Alaska.
Kuma-Inuit, ukukhanya kwasenyakatho kwakuvamile njengoba kungase kube kithi ukubona izinkanyezi ebusuku, ngakho lezi zibani zihlobene eduze namasiko nezinkolelo zabo.
Ngokwesiko labo, izibani ezisenyakatho zimelela ukugeleza kwamandla okuthutha imiphefumulo yabafileyo ekuphileni kwangemva kokufa, ngakho bayayihlonipha futhi kukhona ngisho nezindaba eziningana mayelana nama-shaman abenze "uhambo lwe-astral" ezinkanyisweni ezisenyakatho.
Nokho, ukungqubuzana kwezinto ezitholakele kanye nesayensi yesimanje kuye kwanciphisa isiko lama-Inuit ekubeni yizindaba ezimbalwa nje ezimbalwa nezinganekwane.
