I-Epidemiological Surveillance Subarea yeCosta Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS) ibike ukuthi, kusukela kumbiko wokugcina, awekho amacala amasha aqoshiwe ehlobene nokuqubuka kweRalstonia mannitolilytica ezibhedlela ezweni.
Isikhungo siveze ukuthi abantu abathintekile basaqhubeka uzinzile ngokomtholampilo nangokuziphendukela kwemvelo okuhleEmacaleni ayishumi aqinisekisiwe, ayisithupha ahambelana nezingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala kanti amanye ahambisana nentsha kanye nomuntu omdala omdala, kuyilapho ukubhekwa okusebenzayo kwe-epidemiological ezinsizeni eziyingozi kakhulu.
Isimo samanje nokulandelela
Ngokusho kukaDkt. Ana Navarro, woPhiko Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezinsizakalo Zezempilo, iziguli zilawulwa futhi zilandela izifundo zazo zomtholampilo ngendlela eyakhayo, ukuqapha ngokucophelela amaqembu ezempilo kanye ne-epidemiology.
Izinsizakalo zesibhedlela ezihilelekile ziyaqhubeka nokulandela umkhondo, ukuhlonzwa kusenesikhathi kwezehlakalo ezingase zibe khona, kanye nokuqaliswa okuqinile kwezivumelwano. Ngenxa yokutholwa kusenesikhathi, ukuhlukaniswa, nokuhlanza okuthuthukisiwe, akukho ukutheleleka okusha okuye kwabonwa ezihlobene nalesi siqephu.
Impendulo yesikhungo ibeka phambili ukusesha okusebenzayo kwamacala, ukulandelelwa kwempahla kanye nokubuyekezwa kwezinqubo zokubulala amagciwane kanye nokubulala inzalo, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okungase kuhileleke izinto nezisombululo.
- Isaziso esisheshayo samacala asolwayo naqinisekisiwe.
- Ukuhlanza okujulile nokubulala amagciwane ezindaweni ezibucayi nezinezimoto eziningi.
- Ukuqiniswa kwe-biosafety kanye ne-isolation protocols.
- Ukuqapha ukumelana ne-antimicrobial kanye nokwanela kokwelapha.
- Ukunakwa okuhlukile kwe iziguli ezisengozini kanye ne-immunosuppressed.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kanye nokuxhumana namalungu omndeni mayelana nezindlela zokuvimbela nokulawula ukutheleleka kuye kwaqiniswa, okugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuhlanzeka kwezandla namehlo. ukuphathwa kwedivayisi okuvikelekile.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwamacala
Ngeqembu lobudala, i-caseload isatshalaliswa ngale ndlela elandelayo, ngokuyinhloko izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala:
- Izigameko ezingu-6 ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala.
- Izigameko ezi-3 ezinganeni nasebancane abaphakathi kweminyaka eyi-9 neyi-19.
- Icala elingu-1 kumuntu ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
Ngokohlobo lokusungulwa, ukusatshalaliswa kwakungokulandelayo, nengxenye yokuxilongwa iku izibhedlela zikazwelonke:
- 50% ezibhedlela zikazwelonke.
- 30% ezibhedlela ezikhethekile.
- 20% ezibhedlela zezifunda.
Izibhedlela ezinamacala aqinisekisiwe
I-CCSS yayike yabika ngeziguli ezelashwa kulezi zikhungo, lapho kugcinwa khona izilawuli nezinqubo. ukubamba nokuvikeleka:
- UDkt. Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia Hospital
- Isibhedlela saseSan Rafael sase-Alajuela
- Isibhedlela saseSan Juan de Dios
- Isibhedlela Sabesifazane
- Isibhedlela i-Nacional de Niños
- Isibhedlela saseLiberia
- Isibhedlela saseMexico
Yini eyaziwayo ngebhaktheriya i-Ralstonia mannitolilytica
I-Ralstonia mannitolilytica iyi-microorganism yemvelo ekhona amanzi, inhlabathi kanye nezindawo ezimanzi, engaziphatha njenge-pathogen engosomathuba endaweni yesibhedlela, ikakhulukazi uma amathuluzi ahlaselayo njengama-catheter noma ama-probe ekhona.
Ochwepheshe be-Microbiology baxwayisa ngokuthi leli gciwane lingakwazi ukunamathela kumapulasitiki bese kwakheka ama-biofilms, okwenza kube nzima ukuwakhipha futhi anganikeza ukumelana kwamanye ama-disinfectants kanye nama-antibiotic ukusetshenziswa njalo.
Amaqembu asengozini kakhulu ahlanganisa: izingane ezincane, abantu abadala kanye neziguli ezinezivikeli mzimba ezisengozini (izifo ezingalapheki, umdlavuza, ukufakelwa, i-HIV, phakathi kwabanye).
Ngokuqondene nomtholampilo, ovame kakhulu umkhuhlane kanye ne-malaise evamile, okungase kuhlanganise ukugodola, izimpawu zokuphefumula, inyumoniya futhi, uma kungelashwanga ngendlela efanele, izinkinga ezinzima ezifana ne-sepsis nokungasebenzi kahle kwezitho.
“Ezigulini ezilaliswe esibhedlela ezine-immunosuppression, ukuchayeka ezixazululweni ze-intravenous noma eminye imikhiqizo kungenza kube lula ukutheleleka; yingakho kubalulekile ukwandisa i-biosecurity nokuhlanzeka kwezandla ngaso sonke isikhathi.”
Izincomo zabantu kanye nemvelo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo
Iziphathimandla zezempilo ziphikelela ekugcinweni kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela eziyisisekelo - ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo - njenge ukugeza izandla njalo kanye nokubulala amagciwane ezindaweni ezingaphezulu nezitsha.
- Ukuhlanzeka okuqinile kwezandla ngaphambi nangemuva kokuvakashela esibhedlela.
- Ukubulala amagciwane kwezinto ezabiwe nezithinta kakhulu.
- Gqoka imaski lapho uvakashela abantu abasengozini noma labo abasezindaweni ezisengozini enkulu.
- Ukuhlonipha imiyalelo yabasebenzi bezempilo ngo ukuhlukaniswa nokuvikelwa.
I-CCSS, ngokubambisana noMnyango Wezempilo, igcina uphenyo luvuliwe ukuze kutholwe umsuka womcimbi futhi kuvimbele ukuphinde kwenzeke, kuyilapho kubhekwa ukubhekwa okusebenzayo amasevisi obala kakhulu.
Isimo sihlala sizinzile: awekho amarekhodi amasha, neziguli eziyishumi ezilawulwayo kanye namaqembu ezempilo aqinisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela, indlela evumela ukuthi ziqukethe ukuqubuka futhi zinciphise izingozi ngenkathi uphenyo ngomthombo luqhubeka.