Ukusebenzisa umakhalekhukhwini wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi akukhululekile engqondweni yakho.Lokhu kukhuthaza okungapheli, ukuskrola okungapheli, kanye nokwanda kwe-micro-dopamine kungathatha umonakalo ngendlela manje okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuwohloka komqondo kwedijithali. E-Japan, lesi simo sithathwe ngokungathi sína kangangokuthi umtholampilo oyisipesheli manje ususebenza ukuze ubhekane nakho ngokusebenzisa imithi nokuvuselela ingqondo.
Lesi simo sihlanganyela izici nokuwohloka komqondo okungokwesiko, kodwa sinezici ezithile: Ivela kakhulu kubantu abadala abancane nabaphakathiUmuntu uhlala ewazi amaphutha akhe, futhi ngokungafani nokuwohloka komqondo okuhlobene neminyaka, ngokuvamile kuyabuyiseleka uma welashwa kusenesikhathi futhi imikhuba yokusebenzisa isikrini iqeqeshwa kabusha. Umbono oyisisekelo ucacile: kufanele 'ulungise kabusha' ingqondo yakho futhi wakhe kabusha izinqubo.
Kuyini ngempela ukuwohloka komqondo okudijithali?
Uma sikhuluma ngokuwohloka komqondo kwedijithali sibhekisela kukho ukuwohloka kwemisebenzi efana nenkumbulo, ukunaka nokugxilisa ingqondo okuxhunyaniswe nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamadivayisi edijithali nokuqukethwe, ikakhulukazi inkundla yezokuxhumana namavidiyo amafushane kakhulu. Kwamanye amazwe, kwaziwa ngokuthi ukuwohloka komqondo kweselula, ngoba i-smartphone ivamise ukuphatha isikhathi nokunaka.
Leli gama liye lashintsha ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ngaphambilini, ukuwohloka komqondo kwedijithali kwakubhekisela ekwesabeni ukulahlekelwa amagugu amasiko ngenxa yedijithali. (izincwadi, amarekhodi), kodwa namuhla ichaza inkinga yempilo yengqondo eyathandwa udokotela wengqondo nososayensi wezinzwa uManfred Spitzer, owaxwayisa ubungozi bokuqonda bokuchayeka ngokweqile ezikrinini kanye nokuntuleka kokuqeqeshwa kwenkumbulo.
Indlela omakhalekhukhwini abaphazamisa ngayo ingqondo
Sekuyiminyaka eyinkulungwane ubuchopho bomuntu buye bathuthukisa indlela yabo yokugcina izinkumbulo. Isebenza njengefenisha enamakhabethe anetimu: yonke into isendaweni yayo ukuze uyithole kalula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma sihlala sisebenzisa amavidiyo, izithombe, imilayezo namasekhondi angu-20 noma angu-30 njalo, nezisusa ezingahleliwe, lokhu kuhlukaniswa okuhlaziywe kahle kuyaphuka ngoba asikho isikhathi sokuhlukanisa.
Kule ntaba-mlilo, ubuchopho bulondoloza ulwazi nomaphi lapho bungakwazi khona. Umphumela uba idrowa elingcolile lapho yonke into ixutshwe khona., futhi ukuthola esikufunayo kuba nzima. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungahleleki kuhumushela kumaphutha ansuku zonke avame kakhulu uma singashintshi amaphethini ethu okusebenzisa idijithali.
Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso
I-Digital dementia izibonakalisa nge ukukhohlwa okubonakala kuncane eziphindaphindeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kunzima ukufunda amagama amasha, siyakhohlwa izinsuku zokuzalwa nama-aphoyintimenti, sinenkinga yokupela isipelingi lapho sibhala amagama alula, futhi sithembele ekuthatheni izithombe zayo yonke into ukuze singakhohlwa.
Leso sigcawu esaziwayo sivamile: ngena ekamelweni futhi ungakhumbuli ukuthi kungani. Lokhu kunezela ebunzimeni bokugcina ukunaka, ukulandela ingxoxo, noma ukwenza izinqumo ngomoya ophansi. Lezi izimpawu zokuthi inkumbulo nesistimu yokunaka ikhungethwe ukugeleza kwedijithali okungakuvumeli ukuphefumula.
Ubani ophethwe yikho nokuthi ihluke kanjani ekuwohlokeni komqondo obuthakathaka
Kungathinta noma yimuphi ubudala, kodwa Ibhekwa ikakhulukazi kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi futhi nakubantu abasha ngokusebenzisa kakhulu izinkundla zokuxhumana namavidiyo amafushane. Ngokungafani nokuwohloka komqondo okuhlotshaniswa nokuguga, abantu abanokuwohloka komqondo okudijithali ngokuvamile bayaqaphela ukuthi kwenzekani kubo, futhi uma kuthathwa ukungenelela, isimo sithanda ukuhlehla.
Akufanele badideke: I-Senile dementia iyiqembu lezifo ze-neurodeergenerative (okuvame kakhulu i-Alzheimer's) ebhubhisa kancane kancane ama-neuron futhi okwamanje ayinalo ikhambi, nakuba ukwelashwa okunezimpawu nokusekelwa kwengqondo kuyatholakala. Ukuwohloka komqondo kwedijithali Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza okubangelwa imikhuba nokuchayeka ngokweqile, ngempendulo enhle ezinguqukweni zokuziphatha futhi, ezimeni ezithile, emithini nasezikhathini ezingenasikrini.
Japan enkabeni yenkulumo-mpikiswano: umtholampilo okhethekile kanye nengqikithi yabantu
Lesi simo sikhathaza kakhulu eJapan. E-Tokyo iyasebenza I-Kanamachi Ekimae Clinic, iphayona ekusingatheni lolu daba. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa okomuntu siqu: ezimweni ezithambile, vele ulungise imikhuba yeselula (susa ukuphuza isikhathi eside nokuphuza ngokweqile); ezimweni ezinzima, izidakamizwa nezigaba zihlolwa ngaphandle kwezikrini ukuphula amandla kanye nokufundisa kabusha ingqondo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izwe libhekene nezibalo ezimangalisayo zokuwohloka komqondo okungokwesiko. Phakathi kuka-2015 no-2021, ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-Keio University kanye ne-University of Washington lubeka ukuwohloka komqondo njengembangela ehamba phambili yokufa eJapane., ngenani lokufa okungaba ngu-135 ezakhamuzini eziyi-100.000, elingaphezu kwelase-Italy noma lase-United States. Indlela yokwenza, ecace kakhulu kunezibalo ezisemthethweni, ihlanganisa ukuwohloka komqondo kanye ne-Alzheimer njengezimbangela eziqondile.
Ukwengeza, ukuwohloka komqondo kunomthelela ngokungaqondile kwezinye izimbangela, njenge i-aspiration pneumonia noma ukuguga, ngokubonakala kwezimoto kanye nezinkinga zokugwinya. Nakuba iminyaka yokuphila ifinyelela eminyakeni engu-85,2, iminyaka yokuphila enempilo imi ku-73,8, igebe elikhulayo. Ngo-2050, Abantu abadala abayizigidi ezi-5,86 kulindeleke ukuthi bahlaselwe wukuwohloka komqondo; kuhambisana nokwanda kwemindeni yomuntu oyedwa, ukuzihlukanisa kuba yisici esiyingozi okufanele sicatshangelwe. Isincomo sezemfundo sicacile: qinisa ukwesekwa komphakathi nokulawula ubungozi njengokukhuluphala kanye ne-hyperglycemia, ngaphezu kokukhuthaza imikhuba enempilo.
Ukwelashwa: Ungabhekana kanjani nokuwohloka komqondo okudijithali
Ngokungafani nokuwohloka komqondo kwe-neurodeergenerative, sikhona isikhala sokuqondisa lapha. Isihluthulelo 'ukusetha kabusha' ingqondo futhi usike amaketanga e-hyperstimuli. Empeleni, uhlelo luqala ngokunciphisa isikhathi esiphelele sokuchayeka futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukugwema ukusetshenziswa ngokushesha kwamavidiyo nezaziso ezivimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwenkumbulo.
Amaqembu omtholampilo ancoma windows ngaphandle kwezikrini Ezikhathini ezibucayi (ekuseni nasebusuku), izinkombandlela zokusetshenziswa uqaphela (ukuvula uhlelo lokusebenza olunomgomo othile nokuyivala lapho seluqedile) kanye nokuzivocavoca kwenkumbulo nokuzinzisa ukunakwa. Uma kunokukhathazeka okukhulu, ukuqwasha, noma izimpawu ezihambisanayo, imithi enqunyiwe neyesikhashana ihlale icatshangelwa. ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezempilo.
Ukuvimbela: imikhuba enempilo kanye nokukhuthazwa kwengqondo
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukala. Amafoni omakhalekhukhwini manje afaka phakathi ukulawula isikhathi sesikrini.Uma ungayisebenzisi, cishe uzomangala. Ukubeka amashejuli nemikhawulo engokoqobo kusiza ukugqashula umkhuba wokuhlola ngenjongo yokuhlola futhi ugweme isicupho sokuhlola isikhathi nokugcina ungene kunethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu ngaphandle kokuqaphela.
Kuyisihluthulelo sesha ezinye izinhlelo ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethiZivocavoce, uzipholele nabangani ngaphandle kwamafoni etafuleni, thatha imidlalo yebhodi futhi, thatha uhambo olunengqondo. Shintshanisa ukubukela i-TV ngokuzitika ngezincwadi njalo nje. ivuselela umcabango futhi ivikele inkumbulo, ngoba kukuphoqa ukuthi ugcine ukunaka, ukubona ngeso lengqondo futhi ukhumbule izakhiwo nabalingiswa.
Kubuye kube lula qeqesha ngamabomu inkumbulo yakho: ukwenza umzamo wokukhumbula ucezu lolwazi ngaphambi kokulubheka, ukuphindaphinda ngengqondo amagama asanda kufundwa, ukujwayela amasu okukhumbula. Njengoba i-neuroscience esatshalaliswa nguSpitzer ichaza, Ama-neurons, njengemisipha, ayathuthuka ngokusetshenziswaUma singazisebenzisi ngoba sithumela yonke into enjinini yokusesha, ukusebenza kahle kwengqondo konakala.
Isithombe somhlaba wonke sokuwohloka komqondo kwendabuko ngokusho kwe-WHO
Ukubeka lesi simo kumongo, kuyasiza ukubheka indawo ebanzi yokuwohloka komqondo. Ngo-2021, abantu abayizigidi ezingama-57 babephila nokuwohloka komqondo emhlabeni wonke. futhi abantu abasha abacishe babe yizigidi eziyishumi baxilongwa unyaka ngamunye. Isifo i-Alzheimer's sibala phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-60 no-70 amacala.
Ukuwohloka komqondo sekuvele kukhona imbangela yesikhombisa yokufa futhi omunye wemithombo eyinhloko yokukhubazeka nokuncika kubantu abadala asebekhulile. Umthelela wayo wezomnotho ngo-2019 wawucishe ube ngama- $ 1,3 trillion, nomthwalo omkhulu wokunakekelwa okungakahleleki okucatshangwa yimindeni, ikakhulukazi abesifazane. abahlinzeka ngamaphesenti angama-70 amahora okunakekela futhi ubhekane nomthwalo omkhulu wokukhubazeka nokufa okuhambisana nakho.
Izinto ezinobungozi zifaka: iminyaka yobudala, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-hyperglycemia, ukukhuluphala, ukubhema, utshwala, ukungawuvivinyi umzimba, ukuzihlukanisa nomphakathi, nokucindezeleka. Ukuncipha kwengqondo kuvame ukuhambisana nezinguquko zesimo sengqondo nokuziphatha, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isidingo sosizo ngemisebenzi eyisisekelo siyakhula.
Izimpawu zokuqala ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa khohlwa izehlakalo zakamuva, udideke ngisho nasezindaweni ezijwayelekile, ukulahlekelwa isikhathi, ukukhetha izinkinga, ubunzima bokulandela izingxoxo namaphutha ekwahluleleni amabanga. Njengoba izingane zithuthuka, kungase kuphakame izinkinga zokuhamba, ukuqeqeshwa kwezindlu zangasese, ukudla, nokuziphatha okuyinselele.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, ngaphandle kwe-Alzheimer's, yilezi imithambo, umzimba ka-Lewy, kanye nokuwohloka komqondo kwe-frontotemporalKungase futhi kwenzeke ngemva kokushaywa unhlangothi, ukutheleleka, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala obuyingozi, ukuhlukumezeka okuphindaphindiwe, noma ukuntuleka komsoco. Alikho ikhambi, kodwa kukhona amasu okugcina izinga lempilo: umsebenzi womzimba, ukuxhumana komphakathi kanye nokukhuthazwa kwengqondoNgokwemithi, ama-cholinesterase inhibitors afana ne-donepezil, ama-NMDA antagonists afana ne-memantine, nezidakamizwa ze-cardiovascular asetshenziswa uma kufanele. Ama-antidepressants e-SSRI noma ama-antipsychotic abekelwe izimo ezithile futhi awalokothi njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala.
Kusukela ngo-2017, i-WHO ibilokhu ikhuthaza uhlelo lomhlaba wonke olunamaphuzu abalulekile: ukuqwashisa, ukunciphisa ingozi, ukuxilongwa, ukunakekelwa, ukusekelwa kwabanakekeli, izinhlelo zolwazi, nocwaningo. Amathuluzi ayo ahlanganisa indawo yokubuka yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinkundla zokwabelana ngemikhuba emihle ukuze kusheshiswe isenzo emazweni.
Izindaba ezifundisayo: ukunakekela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umuntu
Isazi sezinzwa u-Onzō Ayako wayenakekela umama wakhe enokuwohloka komqondo kwe-Alzheimer kanye Uyavuma ukuthi kumthathe isikhathi ukwamukela ukuthi uxilongwe.Leso sikhathi sokuphika, kanye nokuhlanjalazwa kwamaphutha ansuku zonke, kwalulaza ukuzethemba kukanina. Lapho i-MRI ekugcineni ifika, ukuncipha kwe-hippocampus kwabonakala, ukhiye wenkumbulo yakamuva; ingxenye enkulu yobuchopho yayisasebenza.
U-Ayako uthole indlela yansuku zonke esebenzayo: phekani isobho le-miso ndawonye. Umama, ngesikhathi somsebenzi, wakhohlwa ukuthi wayenzani, kodwa wagcina amakhono enqubo efana nokucwecwa amazambane noma ukuphatha ummese. Ukusebenza njenge-hippocampus yangaphandle, enezikhumbuzo ezilula, umsebenzi wageleza. Ngale ndlela bakwazi ukugcina isimiso iminyaka emithathu.
Kamuva wazama ukwelashwa komculo; lapho kudlalwa upiyano, unina wayecula ingoma nezinhlamvu ngokunemba naphezu kokuwohloka komqondo okuthuthukile. Umculo, oncike kancane ku-hippocampus, ugxile ezindaweni zobuchopho Bamelana nokuwohloka kangconoU-Ayako ugcizelela ukuthi nakuba eminye imisebenzi iyancipha, imizwa isekhona: ukushaqeka okungenzeka kube yinyoka, uthando, ukuzethemba, ukuthanda noma ukungathandi kusekelwa amasekhethi a-atrophy kancane kancane.
Ubuye abonise ukuguga kobuchopho: umsebenzi we-neuronal ukhiqiza imfucuza eqoqwa ngumzimba; uma uhlelo lokuhlanza lungakwazi ukumelana, Izinto ziyanqwabelana futhi amaseli ayahlupheka. Incoma ukuhamba ngezinyawo nokuzivocavoca okulula, ukwamukela lokho okungenakushintshwa kanye nokudala izindawo zokuhlangana phakathi kwabantu abanokuwohloka komqondo. ukwabelana ngokukhathazeka ngokulinganayoUnina ushone eneminyaka engu-72 ngemva kokuqhubeka nokucula izingoma azikhonzile kwaze kwaba ngayizolo.
Umphakathi njengokwelashwa: Uhlelo Lwe-Orange kanye nenethiwekhi yokusekela
Ibhekene nenselele yezibalo zabantu, i-Japan iye yasuka endleleni yezokwelapha kuphela imodeli yomphakathiNgo-2015, i-Orange Plan yethulwa ukuqinisa amakhono ochwepheshe, ukukhuthaza ukuvakashelwa emakhaya, ukuthuthukisa izidakamizwa futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukweseka imindeni yabanakekeli.
Amadolobha afana ne-Matsudo anamanethiwekhi alukiweyo okugada okunobungane. Izakhamuzi nezinkampani ziyakhiwa ukuxhumana kakhulu nabantu asebekhulile (amabhange, amatekisi), kukhona amathilomu nezindawo zosuku zeziguli namalungu omndeni, futhi ziyasatshalaliswa Izitika zekhodi ye-QR engutsheni ukuze kube lula ukuhlonza uma othile ephazamiseka.
Ngenkulumo eyimizuzu engama-90, Noma yimuphi umakhelwane angagunyazwa njengabasebenzi abasekelayo futhi ugqoke isongo esiwolintshi. E-Matsudo, kunabantu abangaphezu kuka-21.000 abaqeqeshiwe futhi abangu-3.000 babamba iqhaza kumapatroli omakhelwane asabalalisa ulwazi futhi abone izimo eziyingozi. Amaphoyisa abika lokho abantu abalahlekile abanokuwohloka komqondo sebefinyelele emazingeni ashaqisayo ezweni; edolobheni, inethiwekhi yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthola abantu abangaphezu kuka-180 futhi ibabuyisele emakhaya abo.
Indaba yomndeni wakwaTsuda ikhombisa umthelela womuntu wokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi. UMasashi, umthengisi ngeminyaka yawo-50, Ukhohlwe ikhodi yelokha yakhe wavaleleka ngaphandle. ngaphambi kwezethulo. Ekuqaleni, inkinga yayibangelwa ukucindezeleka; kamuva, kwatholakala ukuthi unesifo i-Alzheimer's. Unkosikazi wakhe, uKazuko, Wazinikela ekuqondiseni kabusha impilo yakhe yansuku zonke Ngokusekelwa okufana nezikhungo zokunakekela izingane ezinokuzivocavoca okuthambile, i-karaoke, ingadi, nokuhamba ngezinyawo okuqondisiwe, naphezu kobunzima, uveza isithunzi sakhe nelungelo lokuqhubeka nokudlala indima ethile.
Ungalucela nini usizo nokuthi ungaqala kanjani ukushintsha
Uma ukuqaphela lokho ukukhohlwa kuyaphindwaUma ukuthola kunzima ukukhumbula ulwazi olusha noma ukunaka kwakho kugxuma kusuka kusivuseleli kuye kusivuseleli ngaphandle kokuma, yisikhathi esihle sokwenza i-aphoyintimenti nochwepheshe. Lawula ezinye izimbangela kanye Ukuqamba okwenzeka kuwe kuyakhulula futhi ikuvumela ukuthi wenze okuthile.
Qala ngocwaningomabhuku lomuntu siqu: mangaki amahora okusebenzisa iselula owaqongelelayo, yimaphi amabhendi owawela ku-infinity scroll, iziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikuholela ekusebenziseni ifoni yakho ngokungenanjongo. Faka esikhundleni amaseshini amade amabhlogo amafushane anenhloso, vala izaziso ezingadingekile futhi udale iziqhingi ezingenasikrini lapho ubuchopho bakho bungakwazi ukuhlanganisa okufundile futhi uphumule.
Ungakhohlwa indawo okuyo. Cela umbuthano wakho ukuthi ukusize ugcine izinguquko: ukuhlangana ngaphandle komakhalekhukhwini emehlweni, izinhlelo ezidinga ukunakwa okuqhubekayo, ukufunda ngokuzwakalayo nothile, ukupheka ngokwemiyalelo ngaphandle kokuhlola ifoni yakho. Imikhuba yezenhlalo iyizikhonkwane ezinamandla yakha ubudlelwano obunempilo nobuchwepheshe.
Iqiniso yilokho singajabulela ubuchwepheshe ngaphandle kokukhungatheka uma sibeka imingcele ehlakaniphile, sinakekela imizimba yethu nezingqondo zethu, futhi sithembele kumanethiwekhi abantu lapho kudingeka. I-Japan isivele ikhombisa izindlela, kusukela emitholampilo ekhethekile kuya kumanethiwekhi omphakathi, futhi ubufakazi bamazwe ngamazwe buhlinzeka ngekhampasi ecacile nciphisa izingozi futhi uvikele ingqondo.