Indawo yonke enkulu iyaqhubeka nokusimangaza ngezimfihlakalo zayo, futhi i-James Webb Space Telescope, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bayo obuthuthukisiwe, idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhloleni kwethu indawo yonke. Okutholakele muva nje kwembula izimfihlo ezimangalisayo ku-protocluster ye-Cobweb, isakhiwo esiqhele ngeminyaka yokukhanya engaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyi-10.000 ukusuka eMhlabeni. Lokhu okutholakele kuphonsela inselelo ukuqonda kwethu kwendabuko kokuthi imithala iguquka kanjani futhi iqoqene kanjani . Lolu hlobo locwaningo luhlobene eduze nokwakheka nezici zemithala , okunikeza umongo ocebile walokhu okutholakele.
I-protocluster ye-Cobweb, eyaziwa njengenye yezakhiwo ezindala kakhulu endaweni yonke, ike yafundwa ngaphambili, kodwa ukubonwa ngama-telescope avamile kwakulinganiselwe. Ngenxa yekhono likaWebb lokubona ukukhanya kwe-infrared, izazi zezinkanyezi zakwazi ukubhoboza uthuli olujiyile lwe-cosmic olwalufihla izindawo ezibalulekile zalesi sakhiwo se-galactic.
Ukutholakala kwemithala emisha ekwakhekeni
Intuthuko ebaluleke kakhulu yalolu cwaningo ukutholakala kwemithala emisha eyayifihliwe ngaphakathi kwe-protocluster. Le mithala iphakathi kokwakheka, okuvumela ososayensi ukuba bayifunde “ebusheni babo,” isigaba esishintshashintshayo kakhulu ekuziphendukeleni kwemithala. UJosé M. Pérez-Martínez, umphenyi oyinhloko e-Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), uchaze ukuthi “sibona ukwakhiwa kwesinye sezakhiwo ezinkulu kakhulu endaweni yonke, idolobha langempela lemithala elithuthuka ngokugcwele.” Lokhu kuhlobene ngqo nokuvela kwemithala nokuthi yakheka kanjani endaweni yonke.
Izinsimbi zikaJames Webb, ikakhulukazi i-NIRCam, ziyisisekelo salokhu kuthuthuka, njengoba zivumela ukubonwa kwemininingwane eyayingafinyeleleki ngaphambili. UHelmut Dannerbauer, naye ovela kwi-IAC, ugcizelele ukuthi lokhu okubonwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhula kwale mithala akubangelwa kakhulu ukushayisana noma ukuhlangana , kodwa kunalokho ukuqongelela kwegesi ephehla ukwakheka kwezinkanyezi ezindaweni ezahlukene ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Lokhu kuqongelela kwegesi kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zemithala.
Amahora angu-3,5 achaze kabusha amashumi eminyaka okufunda
Okumangaza kakhulu ngalo msebenzi ukuthi okubonwe okwembule le mithala emisha kudinga amahora angu-3,5 kuphela esikhathi sokufunda . Njengoba uRhythm Shimakawa, isazi sezinkanyezi eWaseda University eJapan, echaza, "Nakuba besilindele ukuthola amalungu amasha kuleli qembu, samangala ukuthola okungaphezu kwalokho obekulindelwe." Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuqinisa amandla eWebb Cluster okuguqula ukuqonda kwethu indawo yonke yakuqala. Lokhu okutholakele kunezela ekubalulekeni kokufunda imithala, edlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zemithala.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuthi imithala efihliwe ayifihlwa uthuli njengoba amamodeli ayebikezele. Lokhu kuphonsela inselelo imibono yangaphambilini mayelana nendlela imithala eyakheka ngayo ezindaweni eziminyene ze-cosmos. "Ukwakheka kwezinkanyezi kulezi zindawo kubonakala sengathi kuqhutshwa ukugeleza kwegesi okuqongelela ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo," kwenezela uHelmut Dannerbauer.
Ukubheka esikhathini esizayo: i-spectroscopy nokuhlaziya okujulile
Lokhu kutholakala kuphawula nje ukuqala kwesigaba esisha ekufundweni kwezakhiwo ezinkulu ze-galactic. Idatha etholakele izohambisana nokubonwa okwengeziwe kwe-spectroscopic ukuze kuchazwe ngokunembile izakhiwo zomzimba zalezi zinkanyezi ezisanda kutholakala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuqhutshwa izinhlelo zokuhlola ukuthi ukusebenzisana kwamandla adonsela phansi kuthinta kanjani ukukhula kanye nokuvela kwalezi zakhiwo ze-cosmic. Le ndlela yokubambisana ibalulekile ekuqondeni kangcono ukuthi imithala efihliwe ngaphakathi kwe-protocluster ye-Cobweb ixhumana futhi iguquke kanjani.
Imiphumela isivele ishicilelwe kuyi- Astrophysical Journal ehlonishwayo , iqokomisa umzamo wokubambisana phakathi kwezikhungo zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuqinisekisa indima ye-James Webb Space Telescope njengethuluzi elinamandla kakhulu ekuhloleni isikhala kwamanje. Lolu hlobo lokubambisana lugcizelela ukubaluleka kocwaningo oluhlangene emkhakheni wezinkanyezi.
Ngenxa ye-Webb Space Telescope, izazi zezinkanyezi zisesimweni esikhethekile sokuphendula imibuzo eyisisekelo mayelana nendawo yonke. Abakwazi nje ukutadisha ukwakheka kanye nokuvela kwemithala ezigabeni zabo zokuqala, kodwa futhi baqonde ukuthi izindawo lapho ikhula khona zithonya kanjani izici zayo kanye nokuziphatha kwayo . Ucwaningo lwe-Cobweb protocluster lubonisa ngokucacile intuthuko ekuqondeni kwethu lezi zakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zemithala.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Spiderweb protocluster, kanye nokunye okubonwe yiJames Webb Space Telescope, kuyisikhumbuzo sendima ebalulekile edlalwa ubuchwepheshe kanye nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe ekuthuthukiseni isayensi. Indawo yonke, enezimfihlakalo nezimangaliso zayo, ihlala iyincwadi evulekile , kanti iWebb iyithuluzi elizosisiza siqonde amakhasi ayo akude kakhulu futhi athakazelisayo.
