Umkhathi omkhulukazi usaqhubeka usimangaza ngezimfihlakalo zayo, kanye ne-James Webb Space Telescope, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bayo obuthuthukile, idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhloleni kwethu indawo yonke. Okutholakele kwakamuva kuveza izimfihlo ezimangazayo ku-Spiderweb protocluster, isakhiwo esitholakala eminyakeni yokukhanya engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10.000 ukusuka eMhlabeni. Lokhu okutholakele kubekela inselele ukuqonda kwethu kwendabuko kokuthi kanjani imithala iyaguquguquka futhi iqoqelane ndawonye. Lolu hlobo lwezifundo luhlobene eduze ne ukwakheka kanye nezici zemithala, enikeza umongo ocebile kulokhu okutholakele.
I-Spider's Web protocluster, eyaziwa njengenye yezakhiwo ezindala kunazo zonke endaweni yonke, iye yahlolisiswa ngaphambili, kodwa ukubhekwa ngezibonakude ezivamile kwakulinganiselwe. Ngenxa yekhono likaWebb lokubona ukukhanya kwe-infrared, izazi zezinkanyezi zikwazile ukunqamula uthuli olugqinsi lwe-cosmic olufihle izifunda ezibalulekile zalokhu. isakhiwo se-galactic.
Ukutholakala kwemithala emisha ekwakhekeni
Ukuthuthuka okuphawuleka kakhulu kwalolu cwaningo ukutholwa kwe imithala emisha ebifihliwe ngaphambili ku-protocluster. Lemithala iphakathi kokubunjwa, okuvumela ososayensi ukuba bayihlole “ebusheni bayo,” okuyisigaba esiguquguqukayo kakhulu sokuziphendukela kwemvelo komthala. UJosé M. Pérez-Martínez, umphenyi oyinhloko e-Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), wachaza ukuthi “sibona kwakhiwa esinye sezakhiwo ezinkulu endaweni yonke, idolobha elingokoqobo lemithala elithuthukayo ngokugcwele.” Lokhu kuhlobene ngqo ne- ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwemithala nokuthi zakhiwe kanjani endaweni yonke.
Amathuluzi kaJames Webb, ikakhulukazi i-NIRCam, abalulekile kulokhu kusenesikhathi, ngoba asivumela ukuthi sibheke imininingwane ebingatholakali ngaphambilini. U-Helmut Dannerbauer, naye ovela ku-IAC, ugqamise ukuthi lokhu okubhekiwe kuyakuqinisekisa lokho Ukukhula kwale mithala akukhuthazwa ngokuyinhloko ukushayisana noma ukuhlangana, kodwa ngokunqwabelana kwegesi eyenza ukwakheka kwenkanyezi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene esakhiweni. Lokhu kunqwabelana kwegesi kubalulekile ukuze ukwakheka kwezakhiwo ze-galactic.
Amahora angu-3,5 achaze kabusha amashumi eminyaka okufunda
Okuthile okumangaza ngokukhethekile ngalo msebenzi ukuthi ukubhekwa okwembula le mithala emisha kwakudingeka kuphela Amahora angu-3,5 esikhathi sokufunda. Njengoba uRhythm Shimakawa, isazi sezinkanyezi e-Waseda University eJapane, achaza, “Nakuba besilindele ukuthola amalungu amasha kuleli qoqo, samangala ukuthola okwengeziwe kunalokho ebesikulindele.” Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuqinisa amandla eWebb okuguqula ulwazi lwethu lomkhathi wokuqala. Lokhu okutholakele kunezela ekubalulekeni kokutadisha, okudlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhekeni kwezakhiwo ze-galaxy.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuthi imithala efihlekile ayisithwe uthuli njengoba imodeli ilindele. Lokhu kubekela inselele imibono yangaphambilini yokuthi kanjani kwakheka imithala ezindaweni eziminyene ze-cosmos. "Ukwakheka kwezinkanyezi kulezi zindawo kubonakala kuqhutshwa ukugeleza kwegesi enqwabelana esakhiweni," kunezela uHelmut Dannerbauer.
Ukubheka esikhathini esizayo: i-spectroscopy nokuhlaziya okujulile
Lokhu kutholakala kuphawula kuphela isiqalo sesigaba esisha ocwaningweni lwezakhiwo ezinkulu ze-galaxy. Idatha etholiwe izohambisana nokubhekwa kwe-spectroscopic okwengeziwe zibonakalise ngokunembe kakhudlwana izici zomzimba yalemithala esanda kukhonjwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhlelwe ukuhlola ukuthi i- ukusebenzisana kwamandla adonsela phansi kunomthelela ekukhuleni nasekuguqukeni kwalezi zakhiwo ze-cosmic. Le ndlela yokubambisana ibalulekile ekuqondeni kangcono ukuthi imithala efihliwe ku-Cobweb protocluster ixhumana futhi iguquke kanjani.
Imiphumela isishicilelwe kakade kumagazini ohlonishwayo Ijenali ye-Astrophysical, egqamisa umzamo wokubambisana phakathi kwezikhungo zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuqinisekisa indima ye-James Webb njengethuluzi elinamandla kakhulu ekuhloleni indawo namuhla. Lolu hlobo lokusebenzisana lugqamisa ukubaluleka kocwaningo oluhlanganyelwe emkhakheni wesayensi yezinkanyezi.
Siyabonga kuWebb, izazi zezinkanyezi ziku-a isikhundla esiyingqayizivele ukuphendula imibuzo ebalulekile ngomkhathi. Abakwazi nje ukutadisha ukwakheka nokuziphendukela kwezinkanyezi ezigabeni zokuqala, kodwa futhi baqonde ukuthi kanjani Izimo abakhula kuzo zithonya izici nokuziphatha kwabo. Ucwaningo lwe-Cobweb protocluster lubonisa ngokucacile intuthuko ekuqondeni kwethu lezi zakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-galaxy.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Spiderweb protocluster, kanye nokunye okuqashelwe okuthuthukiswe ngu-James Webb, kuyisikhumbuzo sendima ebalulekile edlalwa kokubili ubuchwepheshe nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe ekuthuthukisweni kwesayensi. Umkhathi, nezimpicabadala nezimangaliso zawo, useyincwadi evulekile, futhi iWebb iyithuluzi elizosisiza siqonde amakhasi ayo akude kakhulu futhi athakazelisayo.
