Isibalo esisemthethweni semihlaba ezungeza ezinye izinkanyezi manje siyadlula Ama-exoplanets angu-6.000 aqinisekisiwe, ngokusho kwesibuyekezo sakamuva se-NASA. Emashumini amathathu eminyaka ngemva kokutholwa kokuqala okuzungeze inkanyezi efana neLanga, isimo sezwe sezinhlelo zamaplanethi sikhule ngendlela emangalisayo. ngaphandle kwezethulo.
Lolu hlu lugcinwa ku- Ingobo yomlando ye-Exoplanet edidiyela i-NExScI (IPAC/Caltech) futhi eqhubekela phambili ithuthukisa ukubonga emaqenjini avela emhlabeni wonke; ngakho-ke, i-ejensi igcizelela lokho ayikho into equkethe "inombolo 6.000" kanjalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-registry ihambisana nayo abantu abangaphezulu kuka-8.000 ukuqinisekiswa okulindile.
Kusho ukuthini ukufinyelela ku-6.000?
Ikhathalogi ihlanganisa kuphela imihlaba izakhiwo zayo nemizila eqhathaniswe nayo ukubonwa kokulandelela kanye nokuhlaziya okuzimele. Le sistimu yokuqinisekisa, eyenganyelwe yi-NExScI, ivimbela amaphuzu angamanga futhi igcina ubuqotho ukubala okusemthethweni.
Ijubane liye lashesha: eminyakeni embalwa nje inani lasuka 5.000 a 6.000Okunye ukugxuma kulindeleke nge-astrometry. UGaia (ESA) kanye ne-gravitational microlensing yesikhathi esizayo Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, okungangeza izinkulungwane zokutholwa okwengeziwe.
Ukuthi le mihlaba itholwa futhi iqinisekiswa kanjani
Okuningi okutholakele kuza ngezindlela ezingaqondile. indlela yezokuthutha Ikala ukufiphala okuncane kwenkanyezi njengoba iplanethi idlula phambi kwayo, inqubo eye yenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthola izinkulungwane zezinhlelo zamaplanethi ezinobukhulu obukhulu. ukusebenza kahle.
Ukuthwebula i-exoplanet ngqo kuhlala kuyingqayizivele: sekuzuziwe izithombe ezingaphansi kwekhulu, ngenxa yokubenyezela okunamandla kwesihlabani somphathi. Izinsimbi ezikwaziyo vimba ukukhanya kwenkanyezi, njengama- coronagraphs esizukulwane esisha.
Ukuqinisekisa kudinga imikhankaso eyengeziwe nge izibonakude ezihambisanayo kanye nokuhlolwa kwezibalo okunzima. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwezingu-6.000 eseziqinisekisiwe, zigcinwa ku-Exoplanet Archive. izinkulungwane zamakhandidethi ilinde ukuqinisekiswa kokugcina.
I-cosmic zoo: ukuhlukahluka kwe-exoplanet
I-inventory yembula imihlaba engafani nanoma yini endaweni yethu: "Hot Jupiters" lokho kuzungeza ngezinsuku, amaplanethi azungezayo amalanga amabili, ezinye ezihlotshaniswa nezinkanyezi ezifayo noma ezingenayo inkanyezi; akhona futhi izilwandle ze-lava, umkhathi ongaminyana kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa ne-polystyrene namafu agcwele amaminerali exotic.
Idatha iphakamisa ukuthi i- amaplanethi amatshe ziningi kakhulu kunesistimu yethu, ngenani elisondele Imizimba yasemhlabeni engama-700Lokhu kuqhathanisa kunikeza izinkomba mayelana nendlela amasistimu wamaplanethi ayakheka futhi aguquke ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. IMilky Way.
Ngenhloko ye-NASA's Exoplanet Exploration Programme, Dawn Gelino, isigaba ngasinye somhlaba esisha sinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana ne izimo zokuqeqesha kanye nemvamisa yamaplanethi aqhathaniswa ne Umhlaba, eqondisa ukuthi zifunwa kuphi futhi kanjani.
Izinsimbi ezinqumayo nokuthi yini elandelayo
Ifa le- I-Kepler Space Telescope uguqule insimu ngokukhombisa ukuthi zijwayeleke kangakanani izinhlelo zamaplanethi, futhi Tess iqhubeka nomsebenzi ngokuskena okubanzi kwesibhakabhaka ukuze kutholwe izinto zokuhamba nxazonke Izinkanyezi ezikhanyayo.
El James Webb Space Telescope useyihlaziyile kakade ukwakheka kwezingaphezu kuka imikhathi eyikhulu, isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuhlonzeni ama-biosignatures. Noma kunjalo, ukukhombisa umhlaba opholile, olingana nomhlaba udinga ukunciphisa ukukhanya okuvela enkanyezini yawo futhi kukhishwe ngokwedlulele oyisiphukuphuku.
El I-Roman Coronagraph Izosebenza njengombhede wokuhlola ukuvimba ukukhanya kwe-stellar futhi, esikhathini esimaphakathi, i-NASA ifunda umqondo we I-Habitable Worlds Observatory, eklanyelwe ukucinga nokuhlola ngokuningiliziwe amaplanethi afana noMhlaba ngenjongo yokuhlola amaplanethi awo amandla ebhayoloji.
Ngombundu we 6.000 iziqinisekiso Uma lokhu sekunqotshiwe, insimu ingena esigabeni lapho umthamo wezinto ezitholakele, ukwehlukahlukana kwemihlaba kanye namasu amasha okubuka kuhlangana ukuze kusisondeze ekuphenduleni umbuzo osalokhu uvuliwe isayensi yesimanje: uma phakathi kwamaplanethi angenakubalwa we IMilky Way Kukhona abanye, njengaye amaplanethi okuhlalwa kuwo, eziphethe ukuphila.
