Inkulumompikiswano mayelana nokuthi I-Paracetamol ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yandisa ingozi ye-autism ibuyele eqhulwini, ihlanganisa izimemezelo zezombangazwe, izihloko ezidonsa amehlo, kanye nokwaziswa kwesayensi okusanhlamvu. Phakathi komsindo, imisebenzi eqine ngokwedlulele inikeza isithombe esizolile okufanele sicatshangelwe.
Ukubuyekezwa okufuna kakhulu, futhi ikakhulukazi ukuhlaziywa kwe-Swedish okunezigidi zamarekhodi, kubonisa lokho abukho ubufakazi bomphumela oyimbangela phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-paracetamol ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokuxilongwa okulandelayo kwe-neurodevelopmental disorders. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe bakhuthaza ukuqapha ekubikeni ukuze kugwenywe ukwethuka nokucwaswa ngendlela engafanele emikhayeni.
Kungani ingxoxo ibuya
E-United States bathuthukile Izimemezelo zikahulumeni ezixhumanisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-paracetamol ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ne-autism futhi ephakamisa izinguquko zokulawula nokuxhumana. Lezi zitatimende zenze isasasa nokudideka okuthile, nakuba izincwadi zesayensi eziqine kakhulu zingasekeli ubudlelwano obuyimbangela.
Imithombo yezokwelapha okuxoxwe ngayo nezinhlangano ezingochwepheshe zigcizelela lokho, nakuba zikhona izifundo zokubheka ngokuzihlanganisa okuthobekile, le miphumela ivamise ukuthintwa ukuchema (isb., incwadi kadokotela yomkhuhlane noma ubuhlungu, noma izici zomndeni) futhi ayibonisi imbangela nomthelela. Eqinisweni, ukuxhumana kwezobuchwepheshe kuye kwacacisa lokho imbangela ayikasungulwa, iphuzu eliyisihluthulelo ngezinye izikhathi elalinganakwa ezingxoxweni zomphakathi.
Umkhiqizi womkhiqizo oyinhloko wezohwebo e-USA usikhumbuza ukuthi, ngaphandle kwe-paracetamol, abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe bazophoqeleka ukuthi ezinye izindlela eziphephile kancane noma ukubekezelela izimpawu ezingase zibe yingozi njengokushisa okuphezulu, okubuye kube nezingozi kumama nombungu.
Okushiwo ubufakazi obunamandla
Ucwaningo olukhulu kunazo zonke kuze kube manje, olwakhiwe eSweden futhi lwashicilelwa ngo-2024, lwahlaziywa Ukuzalwa kwezigidi ezingu-2,4 (1995-2019) futhi kuqhathaniswe izingane zakini ezidalulwe futhi zingavezwanga emuthini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lo mklamo wangaphakathi womndeni uvumela ukulawula okungcono kwe- izici ezididayo okwabelwana ngayo imindeni.
Ababhali abazange bathole ukwanda okubangelwa i-paracetamol ekuxilongweni kwayo i-autism, i-ADHD, noma ukukhubazeka kwengqondoNgaphezu kwalokho, ayikho iphethini engaguquguquki yokuphendula umthamo eyabonwa, obekungalindeleka uma bekunomphumela wangempela oyimbangela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-neurodevelopment.
Abacwaningi abathintekayo kulo msebenzi bachaza ukuthi labo abasebenzisa i-paracetamol bavame ukuhluka kulabo abangayisebenzisi (ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yezifo, imfiva noma ubuhlungu), umehluko okunzima ukuwuthwebula ngamamodeli ajwayelekile. Lapho kuqhathaniswa izingane zakini, lezi zinhlangano eziyinsalela zanyamalala, okusikisela lokho isixhumanisi esibonwe ekuhlaziyeni okulula Kwakungenxa yokuchema hhayi imbangela eqondile yomuthi.
Lo mphumela uhambisana nokuvumelana kokuthi i izakhi zofuzo nendawo yomndeni ukwedlula ukusetshenziswa kwesidambi sezinhlungu ngezikhathi ezithile lapho uzama ukuchaza ubungozi be-ASD kubantu.
Isikhundla semiphakathi nongoti
I-Spanish Society of Pediatric Neurology iveza lokho abukho ubufakazi obuqinile ukusungula ubudlelwano obuyimbangela phakathi kwe-prenatal paracetamol kanye ne-autism, futhi incoma ukuqapha lapho uthumela imilayezo engase ikhiphe i-alamu yomphakathi.
Amazwi ochwepheshe ku-neurodevelopment and obstetrics agcizelela ukuthi ucwaningo oluqinile alusekeli ukulimala okuqondile okuvela emuthini kuya ku-fetus futhi axwayise ngokuthi I-alamu ayikukhuthazi ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni okwanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Baphinde bacele ukuba kugwenywe ukusola omama, okuyiphethini ephinde ivele ngezikhathi ezithile ngaphandle kwesisekelo sesayensi.
Odokotela abahlukahlukene bayakhumbula ukuthi i-paracetamol, ku imithamo enconyiwe kanye nesikhathi esibalulekile, iyireferensi ye-analgesic yabesifazane abakhulelwe, ngokunembile ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izindlela ezivamile ziletha izingozi ezinkulu phakathi nokukhulelwa.
Ingabe i-paracetamol iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Emithi yokubeletha, ukuvumelana okusebenzayo kugcina i-paracetamol njenge ukukhetha kokuqala ubuhlungu nomkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njalo ulandela iziqondiso ezivezwe uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ibuprofen kanye ne-aspirin, isibonelo, kungabangela imiphumela emibi eyaziwa ezigabeni ezibalulekile zokukhulelwa.
Lokhu akusho ukutusa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngokungakhethi: umthetho ojwayelekile ukuwusebenzisa lapho kudingeka futhi ngobuhlakani, futhi uthintane nochwepheshe uma unemibuzo ethile. Ukwelapha imfiva ephawulekayo kungaba yinzuzo kubo bobabili umama nengane, futhi ukwenqaba i-antipyretic ephephile akusona isinqumo esincane.
I-Leucovorin: yini eyaziwayo nokuthi yini engekho
Ngokuhambisana nenkulumo-mpikiswano mayelana ne-analgesic, isiphakamiso senziwe i-leucovorin (i-folinic acid) njengendlela yokungenelela okungenzeka kumaphrofayili athile ku-autism spectrum. Ubufakazi obutholakalayo buvela ezivivinyweni ezincane, eziqondiswe kakhulu, ezinokuthuthukiswa kweziqenjana ezithile (isb., ubunzima bolimi obuhlobene nama-biomarker athile).
Ongoti bayakugcizelela ukuthi lezi zivivinyo okwesikhashana nokuthi akukho ukwelashwa kwemithi okwelapha noma okuqeda i-autism. Kwezinye izimo ezilinganiselwe kakhulu ingakwazi ukulinganisa izimpawu noma izifo ezithathelwanayo, kodwa ukukwengeza njengesincomo esivamile, okwamanje, akulungile.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-leucovorin ezimweni ezifana ukuntuleka kwe-cerebral folate (indlela yokulawula ethize) kanye neqhaza layo ku-ASD, edinga izivivinyo ezinkulu, ezilawulwayo ngaphambi kokugunyaza incwadi kadokotela esabalele.
I-Autism: uhlaka lwamanje lolwazi
i-autism yi-a isimo se-neurodevelopmental nge-heterogeneity enkulu yomtholampilo. Akusona "isifo" ngomqondo wakudala, futhi umuntu ngamunye unikeza inhlanganisela ehlukile yamandla nezidingo zokwesekwa, ezingahlukahluka kukho konke ukuphila.
Ucwaningo lusikisela a ikakhulukazi imbangela yofuzo nezakhi zofuzo eziningi ezihilelekile, modulated by perinatal kanye nezici zemvelo. Ukwanda kokuxilongwa emashumini eminyaka amuva nje kubangelwa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kokutholwa, imibandela ebanzi kanye nokuqwashisa okukhulu komphakathi, kunomenzeli oyedwa wangaphandle.
Phakathi kwezinto ezihambisana nengozi ye-ASD, izinhlangano zezempilo zibalula, phakathi kokunye: ukuba nengane yakini ene ASD, izimo ezithile zofuzo noma ze-chromosomal, izinkinga zokuzala (ezifana ne-hypoxia) kanye neminyaka yobudala yabazali.
Idatha engaguquki kakhulu nge-prenatal paracetamol iphakamisa lokho abukho ubudlelwano obuyimbangela nge-autism, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa komtholampilo komuntu ngamunye kanye nokuxhumana okunomthwalo wemfanelo kuhlala kuyisiqondiso esingcono kakhulu sokuthatha izinqumo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
