Ukusetshenziswa kwe I-WhatsApp ezitolo zezimoto Sekuyithuluzi elibalulekile lenkonzo yamakhasimende, ukuphendula imibuzo esheshayo, nokuthumela ulwazi mayelana nezimoto ezintsha nezisetshenzisiwe, izinketho zokuqasha, kanye nezinsizakalo zeworkshop. Amaqembu ezimoto amaningi ahlanganisa lesi siteshi emisebenzini yawo yansuku zonke ukuze anikeze isevisi eyenzelwe wena futhi ephumelelayo, okuhlukile kakhulu ekuxhumaneni ngocingo noma nge-imeyili okuvamile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umkhakha wezimoto uhlala ungaphansi izimo zomthetho eziqinile kakhulu kukho konke okuhlobene namanani, ukukhishwa kwe-CO2, kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ngisho noma ukhuluma nenkampani ethengisa nge-WhatsApp, kukhona ulwazi oluhlala ludluliselwa njenge okukhombayo hhayi okwesivumelwanoLokhu kwenzelwa ukuhambisana nemithetho yamanje nokugwema ukungaqondani. Ukuqonda ukuthi konke lokhu kusho ukuthini kuzokusiza ukuthi usebenzise kangcono isiteshi futhi wazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela uma ucela ulwazi.
I-WhatsApp kanye nabathengisi bezimoto: iyiphi indima edlalwa yilesi siteshi?
Namuhla, abathengisi abaningi basebenzisa I-WhatsApp njengendlela yokuxhumana ngqo namakhasimende ayo: kusukela ekubuzeni kokuqala mayelana nomodeli othize kuya ekulandeleni ukuthengwa noma ukuhlela i-aphoyintimenti ye-workshop. Kuyisiteshi esilula kokubili kumsebenzisi kanye nethimba lokuthengisa nelangemva kokuthengisa ngoba livumela yabelana ngezithombe, imibhalo, izixhumanisi kanye namadokhumenti ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Isibonelo, ikhasimende lingase licele imoto entsha, cishe entsha noma esetshenzisiweUngathumela isithombe semoto yakho yamanje ukuze uthole inani lentengo esikhathini esizayo, noma ucele ulwazi mayelana nezinketho zezimali noma zokuqasha. Njengokubuyisela, umthengisi angathumela izingcaphuno ezilinganiselwe, imininingwane yobuchwepheshe, izixhumanisi zewebhusayithi, noma izikhumbuzo zezikhathi zokulungisa noma zokulungisa, konke ngohlelo lokusebenza.
Lolu hlobo lokuxhumana okusheshayo alususi isici esisemthethweni sokuthengisa. ubudlelwano bangempela besivumelwano Lolu lwazi lusafakiwe ku-oda lemoto, isivumelwano sokuxhasa ngezimali, noma idokhumenti yokuqasha. I-WhatsApp isebenza njengethuluzi lolwazi kanye nesevisi yamakhasimende, kodwa ayithathi indawo yamadokhumenti asemthethweni asayinwe egaraji.
Nakuba ezimweni eziningi uzobona inombolo yocingo yeselula, ngezinye izikhathi amaqembu ezimoto nawo abelana ngenombolo inombolo yocingo lwasendlini noma yenkampani Ukuhlanganisa imibuzo ndawonye, ​​njengoba kunjalo ngezikhungo ezisezifundazweni ezahlukene. Lolu lwazi lokuxhumana lungavela eceleni kwezwe (isibonelo, iSpain) noma indawo (njengeTenerife, iMalaga, noma ezinye izindawo) ukuze kuchazwe ngokucacile ububanzi bokusebenza kwenkampani yokuthengisa.
Ngezinye izikhathi, amawebhusayithi alezi zinsizakalo afaka izinto ezifana nezinkinobho zokwabelana ngemidiya yezenhlalo noma izinkomba zezivakashi, isibonelo, izinkomba ku- I-Facebook, i-X, noma ezinye izithonjana okwenza kube lula ukusabalala kwesixhumanisi sengxoxo se-WhatsApp. Lonke leli zwe ledijithali lenzelwe ukuthi umsebenzisi akwazi ukufinyelela ngokushesha isiteshi semiyalezo futhi aqale ukubhala ngemizuzwana embalwa.
Amanani nge-WhatsApp: kusho ukuthini amanani "aqala ku-"?
Uma umthengisi ethumela intengo yomodeli ethile nge-WhatsApp, njenge- I-Peugeot 208 i-petrol 100 S&S enogiya oluphathwa ngesandla Futhi ngezinga elithile lokuhlobisa, lelo nani livame ukuba yintengo ekhombayo, hhayi yokugcina. Ngokuvamile kuyintengo yokuqala ngokusekelwe entengo yokuthengisa enconyiwe ngumenzi yenguqulo ethile yemoto.
Lezi zibalo zivame ukuboniswa nge I-VAT ifakiwe kodwa ayikho imali yokubhalisa Futhi ayifaki ezinye izindleko ezengeziwe, njengezimali zomgwaqo, izimali zokuphatha, noma izesekeli ongazikhetha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi intengo inqunyelwe ekucushweni kwemoto okujwayelekile futhi ayifaki upende okhethekile, amaphakheji emishini, amasondo amakhulu, noma ezinye izinto ikhasimende elingase lifune ukuzifaka.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, imibhalo yezomthetho icacisa ukuthi kuyi- Intengo ingeyolwazi kuphela futhi ayiyona eyesivumelwano.Ngamanye amazwi, lokho okubonayo kumlayezo we-WhatsApp noma ohlwini oluku-inthanethi akuyona into ebophayo, kodwa kunalokho inkomba yentengo yokukuqondisa. Intengo yokugcina inqunywa uma ubeka i-oda lakho, kucatshangelwa imishini yokugcina, ukukhushulwa kwamanje, kanye nezindleko ezihlobene.
Kuvamile futhi ukucacisa ukuthi izinga kugcinelwe amakhasimende azimeleLokhu akubandakanyi amanye amaphrofayili afana nezinkampani, abantu abazisebenzelayo abanezimoto, noma amalungiselelo athile okuqasha ochwepheshe. Ingxenye ngayinye ingaba nemigomo ethile yezentengiselwano, okusho ukuthi intengo iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ubani othenga imoto nokuthi ngayiphi injongo.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuthi amanani okuthengisa aphakanyisiwe ngumkhiqizi (ama-MSRP) anikezwa yiqembu lezimoto angashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imikhiqizo ivuselela amanani ayo njalo, ngakho-ke abathengisi bavame ukweluleka ukuthi... Inani lingashintsha ngenxa yezinguquko zentela noma imikhankaso yokuphromotha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi intengo ethunyelwe namuhla nge-WhatsApp ingase ingalingani kahle nentengo esebenzayo uma unquma ukusayina.
Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo: kungani kuvela kulwazi
Ngaphezu kwentengo, abathengisi kudingeka banikeze ulwazi mayelana Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli yezimoto abazithengisayo. Lezi zindinganiso zinqunywa ukuhlolwa okusemthethweni okusungulwe yimithethonqubo esebenzayo ngesikhathi imodeli ihlanganiswa, futhi zinikezwa ukwenza kube lula ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwezimoto ezahlukene.
Kusukela mhla lu-1 kuMandulo 2018, izimoto ezintsha zivunyelwe ngohlobo oluthile ngemuva kohlelo lwe- Inqubo ye-WLTP (Inqubo Yokuhlola Izimoto Ezilula Ezivumelanisiwe Emhlabeni Wonke)okwathatha indawo yomjikelezo we-NEDC wangaphambilini. I-WLTP ilandela inqubo yokuhlola enzima kakhulu eseduze nezimo zokushayela zangempela, okusho ukuthi, ngokuvamile, izibalo zokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokukhishwa komoya ezitholiwe ziphakeme kunalezo ezitholwe ngendlela endala.
Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yokuqala yokuguquka, amanani atholakala ku- Imijikelezo ye-NEDC ibalwa kusukela ekulinganisweni kwe-WLTPLokhu kwenzelwa ukwenza kube lula ukuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezivunyelwe ngaphambi koshintsho lomthetho. Noma kunjalo, izinga lokulinganisa lamanje lezimoto ezintsha yisilinganiso se-WLTP, esibonisa ngokunembile lokho umshayeli angakulindela ngaphansi kwezimo zokushayela ezivamile.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-CO2 esemthethweni kanye namanani okusetshenziswa avela kumashidi edatha kanye nokuxhumana, noma ngabe uwathola nge-WhatsApp, Akumeleli ngempela ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwangempela.Izici ezifana nesitayela sokushayela, uhlobo lohambo (idolobha, umgwaqo omkhulu, imigwaqo yesibili), izimo zezulu, isimo somgwaqo, umthwalo wemoto, noma ngisho nomfutho wamathayi kanye nosayizi kuthinta kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
Idatha eshicilelwe ivame ukuhambisana ne- inguqulo eyisisekelo noma ejwayelekile yemodeliUma ulungisa imoto ngemishini ehlukene, izinjini ezinamandla kakhulu, ama-gearbox ahlukene, noma osayizi abakhulu bamasondo, amazinga okusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokukhishwa komoya angase ahluke kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sicela uqaphele ukuthi lezi zibalo azigcini kuze kube yilapho izinqubo zokukhiqiza kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamayunithi athile seziqediwe.
Ukuvunyelwa, imibhalo esemthethweni kanye neziqondiso zomphakathi
Uma ikhasimende lithenga imoto, amanani okugcina okukhishwa kwe-CO2 nokusetshenziswa kwayo Lolu lwazi lufakiwe kumadokhumenti asemthethweni anikezwe imoto. Lolu ulwazi olusemthethweni futhi kufanele lubhekwe njengolunjalo ezinqubweni zesikhathi esizayo, njengezinqubo zokuphatha noma izinqumo ezihlobene nezintela zemvelo.
Njengoba lokhu kuyidatha yobuchwepheshe elawulwayo, kungenzeka ukuthi isibalo esavela ekuxhumaneni kwezentengiselwano kwangaphambilini, noma ngisho nasemyalezweni wolwazi ovela kumthengisi, ayifani ncamashi naleyo efakwe kudokhumenti yokugcinaNgakho-ke ukuphikelela kokuthi konke okukhulunywa ngakho ngaphambi kokulethwa kwemoto kuyinkomba, nokuthi inkomba evumelekile njalo yileyo eqoshwe ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuze kuqondwe ngokuhlelekile ukusebenza kahle kanye nomthelela wemvelo wamamodeli ahlukahlukene atholakala emakethe, iziphathimandla zincoma ukubonisana nezincwadi ezifana ne- Umhlahlandlela wezimoto zabagibeli ezithengiswayo eSpainLo mbhalo, ohlinzeka ngolwazi oluqhathanisayo ngokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2, uyatholakala ezindaweni zokuthengisa futhi ungatholakala futhi ngewebhusayithi ye-Institute for Energy Diversification and Saving.
Lezi zinhlobo zeziqondiso zikuvumela ukuthi ubone Yiziphi izinhlobo ezisebenzisa uphethiloli omncane futhi ezikhipha i-CO2 encane? ngaphakathi kwesigaba esifanayo, okukusiza ukuthi ukhethe imoto hhayi nje kuphela ngokuklama noma ukusebenza kahle, kodwa futhi nangokusebenza kahle. Nakuba ulwazi oluthunyelwe nge-WhatsApp lungaba usizo, ukuba nereferensi esemthethweni kunikeza uhlaka olubanzi lokuqhathanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene namamodeli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthengisi uqobo angabuyekeza idatha ayinikezayo ezintweni zayo zolwazi njengoba itholakala. izinguquko emijikelezweni yokukhiqiza noma emithethweniYingakho izaziso zomthetho zivame ukusho ukuthi amanani abonisiwe angahluka nokuthi ulwazi olusha kakhulu luzotholakala kumsabalalisi wakho omkhethile. Uma uqala ingxoxo ku-WhatsApp, kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza ukuthi izibalo abazinikezayo ziyahambisana yini nenguqulo yamanje nesikhathi.
Ulwazi lwezomthetho kanye nohlobo olungeyona eyenkontileka lwezipesheli
Emkhakheni wezimoto, konke okuqukethwe kwezentengiselwano, kokubili kumawebhusayithi kanye nemiyalezo ethunyelwa ngeziteshi ezifana ne-WhatsApp, kuvame ukuhambisana ne-a isaziso sezomthetho esicacisa ububanzi besiphakamisoLe mibhalo icacisa ukuthi izimo namanani ashicilelwe ayabonisa futhi awakhi isibopho sesivumelwano somthengisi noma umenzi.
Ngokuvamile kugcizelelwa ukuthi iziphakamiso zezomnotho, imishini okukhulunywe ngayo, noma izithombe zezimoto Lokhu kungokwezinjongo zolwazi kuphela futhi kungashintshwa ngaphandle kwesaziso.Lokhu kusebenza futhi uma uthola izingcaphuno zesikhashana noma izilinganiso ngemiyalezo esheshayo: ukuthengiselana kuba semthethweni kuphela uma kusayinwa i-oda elihambisanayo, inkontileka yokuthenga noma isivumelwano sokuqashisa, lapho yonke imibandela inemininingwane enembile.
Ezimweni eziningi, isaziso sezomthetho sibhekisela endimeni ye- amaqembu ezimoto njengabalamuli Banikeza intengo yokuthengisa ephakanyisiwe yomkhiqizi, kanye nemininingwane yomodeli ngesikhathi sophenyo. Uma umenzi eshintsha amanani akhe noma ebuyekeza ububanzi bomkhiqizo, iqembu kumele lilungise lolu lwazi, kodwa kungase kube nomehluko omncane phakathi kwalokho okubonile ekuqaleni kanye nesipho sokugcina.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zaziso zomthetho zivame ukucacisa ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lweklayenti okuhloswe ngalo. Njengoba sekushiwo, kuvamile ukuthi Amanani acashuniwe agcinelwe amakhasimende azimeleAmanye amaqembu noma izinhlangano zomthetho ezinemibandela ehlukile azifakiwe. Lokhu kuvimbela inkampani noma uchwepheshe ekucabangeni ukuthi bangafinyelela izinga elifanayo nomthengi ngamunye.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukubhekisela okucacile eqinisweni lokuthi okuqukethwe kokuxhumana akuthathi indawo imibhalo yesivumelwano noma idatha esemthethweni yokuxhumanaNgale ndlela, bobabili umthengisi kanye nekhasimende bacacile ngokubaluleka kolwazi ngalunye: Izingxoxo ze-WhatsApp zenza ubudlelwano bube lula futhi zixazulule ukungabaza, kodwa azithathi indawo yenkontileka noma imininingwane yobuchwepheshe eqinisekisiwe.
Izinsizakalo ezihlanganisiwe ngaphakathi kwamaqembu amakhulu ezimoto
Ngemuva kwezingxoxo eziningi ze-WhatsApp ozithola kumawebhusayithi okuthengisa izimoto, akukhona nje indawo eyodwa yokuthengisa eyedwa, kodwa amaqembu ebhizinisi lezimoto La maqembu ahlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto, ama-workshop, kanye nezinsizakalo ezihambisanayo. Ngokuvamile asebenza esifundazweni esisodwa noma ngaphezulu futhi aneminyaka eminingi yesipiliyoni ekuthengisweni kwezimoto kanye nesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa.
Izinsizakalo abazinikezayo zifaka phakathi Ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezintsha ezivela kubakhiqizi abahlukenekanye nokukhethwa okubanzi kwezimoto ezisetshenzisiwe nezicishe zibe zintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banikeza isevisi yangemva kokuthengisa, okuhlanganisa indawo yokusebenzela yemishini, umsebenzi womzimba, izingxenye ezisele, ukuhlolwa okusemthethweni, kanye nezinsizakalo zewaranti nokulungisa. Yonke le minyango ingahlanganiswa ngeziteshi zedijithali, okuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi axhumane nawo nge-WhatsApp futhi aqondiswe emnyangweni ofanele.
Amaqembu amaningi anezixazululo ze- ukuqasha abantu ngabanye kanye nochwephesheLezi zinhlelo zikuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele imoto ngemali yanyanga zonke ehlanganisa izinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene (ukulungiswa, umshwalense, usizo lomgwaqo, njll.), esikhundleni sokwenza ukuthenga okujwayelekile. Lezi zinhlobo zemikhiqizo zivame ukudinga izincazelo ezinemininingwane eminingi, ngakho-ke i-WhatsApp ivame ukusetshenziswa ukuthumela ukulingisa, amadokhumenti okuqala, noma ukucacisa imibuzo mayelana nezinsuku zokugcina, ibanga, kanye nemibandela.
Ngaphezu kwezimoto zabagibeli nezimoto zezentengiselwano, amanye amaqembu ahlanganisa imigqa yebhizinisi egxile ku- Ukuqasha nokuthengisa amakharavani, ama-motorhomes kanye nama-campersLokhu kwandisa ukunikezwa kwabo ukuze kufake phakathi ezokuvakasha zokungcebeleka kanye nohambo lomgwaqo, ingxenye ekhule kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje. Ngenombolo efanayo yokuxhumana, ungabuza ngamamodeli e-campervan, izinketho zokuqasha zesikhashana, noma uthenge izimoto zokuzijabulisa.
Umsebenzi wala maqembu uvame ukugxila ku- izifundazwe ezithile noma izindawo zezweKunezinkampani ezinezimpande ezijulile ezindaweni ezithile, ezineminyaka eminingi zikhona ezindaweni ezifana neMálaga nezinye, ezisekelwa yisipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kwengu-75 embonini yezimoto. Lolu lwazi oluqoqiwe lubonakala enhlanganweni yangaphakathi ekwazi ukuphatha inani elikhulu lamakhasimende, kokubili ezindaweni zokuthengisa ezingokoqobo nangeziteshi zedijithali kanye nemiyalezo yeselula.
Imvelo yedijithali, amanethiwekhi omphakathi kanye nezigaba zomthetho
Amakhasi aqukethe izinkinobho zokuvula ingxoxo ye-WhatsApp nenkampani ethengisa izinto ezithengiswayo ngokuvamile ayingxenye ye- uhlelo lwedijithali olubanziLokhu kuhilela izinkundla zokuxhumana, amakhawunta ezivakashi, kanye nezixhumanisi eziya ezigabeni zolwazi lwenkampani. Ngokuvamile, kukhona inketho yokwabelana ngesixhumanisi sengxoxo ngamapulatifomu afana ne-Facebook noma i-X usebenzisa izithonjana ezithile.
Kwezinye izimo, ziyaboniswa izibalo ezilula njengenani lokubukwa kwekhasiLokhu kunikeza umbono wethrafikhi ithuluzi eliyitholayo noma intshisekelo ekhiqizwa yinketho yokuthumela imiyalezo. Nakuba umsebenzisi engadingi le datha ukuqala ingxoxo, kuyasiza ukukhombisa ukuthi iyisiteshi esisebenzayo esisetshenziswa abanye abantu.
Kanye nokufinyelela engxoxweni, izixhumanisi eziya ezigabeni ezifana nokuthi MAYELANA, NGOKOMTHETHO, UBUMFIHLO noma UKUXHUMANAEsokuqala sisetshenziselwa ukuchaza kafushane ukuthi ubani ophethe le nsizakalo, esesibili sisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izaziso zomthetho kanye nemigomo yokusebenzisa, esesithathu sisetshenziselwa ukuchaza inqubomgomo yobumfihlo kanye nokucutshungulwa kwedatha yomuntu siqu, kanti esesithathu sisetshenziselwa ukunikeza ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana njengocingo, amafomu ewebhu noma i-imeyili.
Inqubomgomo yobumfihlo ibaluleke kakhulu uma ikhasimende labelana ngemininingwane yomuntu siqu nge-WhatsApp, njenge igama, isibongo, inombolo yocingo eyengeziwe, ikheli noma ulwazi lwezezimaliNakuba ingxoxo inesimo esingahlelekile, inkampani isabophekile ukulandela imithethonqubo yokuvikela idatha, yazise ngokucutshungulwa kwayo futhi iqinisekise ukuphepha kolwazi oluhlanganyelwe.
Lonke loluhlaka lwedijithali luhambisana nethuba lokuhlanganisa ingxoxo ye-WhatsApp kumathuluzi angaphandle alula ukusetshenziswa kwayo. ukuphathwa kokuthengisa kanye nensizakalo yamakhasimendeKusukela kumapulatifomu ahlanganisa imiyalezo evela kumanethiwekhi ahlukene kuya kuzixazululo ezikuvumela ukuthi wabele amalungu eqembu ahlukene izingxoxo, into ebalulekile ukuthi umsebenzisi abone okuhlangenwe nakho okusheshayo, okucacile nokungaguquguquki, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufike ngakuphi.
Ekugcineni, ukusetshenziswa I-WhatsApp evela kubathengisi bezimoto kanye namaqembu amakhulu ezimoto Sekuyingxenye ebalulekile yesu labo lenkonzo yamakhasimende, lihlala linamathela ezibophweni zomthetho zomkhakha. Amanani acashuniwe ngokuvamile abonisa, ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nezibalo zokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kusekelwe ezivivinyweni ezisemthethweni ezifana ne-WLTP, futhi okunikezwayo okukhangisiwe kubhekwa njengokungekona okwenkontileka kuze kube yilapho kusayinwa imibhalo ehambisanayo. Ukuqonda le mininingwane kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise isiteshi esiqondile nesilula ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umbono weziqinisekiso kanye nemigomo ehilelekile ekuthengeni, ekuqasheni, noma ekuqasheni imoto entsha, esetshenzisiwe, noma yokuzijabulisa.
