Phakathi kuka-2026 no-2028, ISpain izoba enye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni zokubuka ukusitheka kwelanga okukhulu okuthathuIzimbili sezizonke kanye nenye ejikelezayo, zonke zibonakala okungenani ingxenye yazo kunoma iyiphi indawo ezweni. Lokhu kuhlangana, okwaziwa kakade ngokuthi I-Iberian Trio of EclipsesAkugcini nje ngokuvusa injabulo phakathi kwabathandi bezinkanyezi, kodwa futhi kuphoqa abaphathi ukuthi bahlele kusenesikhathi ukuthi bazophatha kanjani ukuthutheleka kwezivakashi nokuhamba.
Izikhungo zomphakathi seziqalile ukuhamba ngezindlela ezimbili ezicacile: ukuhlelwa kokuhamba kanye nokuphepha uma kubhekwa ukufika kwezivakashi ezindaweni ezibonakala kakhulu, kanye ukulungiselela ezemfundo nokufinyelela emphakathini Ukuze kusetshenziswe leli thuba lokufunda eliyingqayizivele mayelana neLanga, uMhlaba, neNyanga, kuye kwaqaliswa isifundo samahhala esiku-inthanethi kanye nezifundo zomthelela wezokuthutha, ezihloselwe othisha nanoma ubani onentshisekelo.
Ukufiphala kwelanga okungakaze kubonwe muva nje eSpain
Ikholi I-Iberian Trio of Eclipses Iqukethe ukufiphala kwelanga okubili okuphelele kanye nokufiphala okukodwa okwenziwa minyaka yonke, okuzokwenzeka eminyakeni emithathu nje kuphela futhi kuzobonakala kabanzi eSpain. Lokhu kuqoqwa kwesenzakalo esibaluleke kangaka akuvamile futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zaso zithandeka kakhulu eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia.
Umcimbi omkhulu wokuqala uzofika ngo-Agasti 2026. Ukufiphala kwelanga okuphelele kuka-2026 kuzowela i-peninsula kusuka entshonalanga kuya empumalangaNgomzila ozokwenza iSpain ibe ngenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni ukujabulela izigaba zayo zokugcina. Isikhathi esiphelele salesi simo sizoba cishe imizuzu engama-264, futhi ingxenye enkulu yaleso sikhathi ingajatshulelwa ezweni lakithi, ikakhulukazi kusukela enhlonhlweni naseziQhingini zaseBalearic.
Ngemva konyaka, ngo-2027, kuzokwenzeka ukufiphala kwesibili okuphelele komjikelezo. Lokhu kufiphala kwelanga kuzobonakala ngokugcwele imizuzu embalwa ukusuka esicongweni saseningizimu yeSpain.Lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kudonsele ababukeli bakazwelonke nabamazwe ngamazwe ezindaweni ezithile ogwini lwase-Andalusia kanye nezifunda eziseduze.
Lo mjikelezo uzophela ngo-2028 nge ukusitheka kwelanga annularKulesi senzakalo, iNyanga ayifihli ngokuphelele idiski yelanga, ishiye "indandatho yomlilo" ephawulekayo ibonakala. Lesi senzakalo sesithathu sizoqeda isikhathi esiyingqayizivele sokubuka izinkanyezi, okuthuthukiswa kakhulu yiqiniso lokuthi zonke lezi zinyanga ezintathu zingabhekwa njengokufiphala okungaphelele okuvela kulo lonke elaseSpain.
Ngaphandle kwensimu yesayensi eqinile, Okulindelekile ukuthi izigidi zabantu zizozama ukubuka okungenani esinye salezi zenzakaloKungakhathaliseki ukuthi basemadolobheni abo noma ngokuya ezindaweni lapho isigaba esigcwele noma esingaphelele sibonakala khona. Lokhu kuthakasela umphakathi kuyithuba lokufinyelela umphakathi kanye nenselele yezokuthutha edinga ukuhlela.
IKhomishini Yongqongqoshe Ye-Trio of Eclipses kanye nokuhlela ukuhamba
Ziqaphela ubukhulu balesi simo, iziphathimandla ziqalise uhlelo isakhiwo esithile sokuxhumanisa ezingeni likahulumeniIsinqumo Sasebukhosini 686/2025 sidale IKhomishini Yongqongqoshe Yokulungiselela, Ukuhlela kanye Nokuxhumanisa Izenzo Ezihlobene Ne-Trio of Eclipses 2026-2027-2028 (I-CITE).
Lo mzimba wasekolishi unamathele kuwo Umnyango Wezesayensi, Ukusungula kanye NamanyuvesiUbumongameli buphethwe nguNobhala Wezwe Wezokuthutha Nokuhamba Okusimeme, kanti iphini likamongameli liphethwe nguNobhala Wezwe Wezokuthutha Nokuhamba Okusimeme. Iminyango eyahlukene yongqongqoshe ibamba iqhaza kwiKhomishini ukuze ihlanganise izenzo zoHulumeni Jikelele Wezwe, ikhuthaze ukuqwashisa ngalesi simo, kanye ukuqapha izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokulungiselela okwanele yalezi zenzakalo.
Ngaphakathi kwalesi sakhiwo, Iqembu Lokusebenza Lokuhamba, lapho uMnyango Wezokuthutha Nokuhamba Okusimeme udlala indima ebalulekile. Omunye wemisebenzi yawo eyinhloko hlaziya futhi ulinganisele ukugeleza kokuhamba maqondana namaphuzu ayinhloko okubuka, kokubili avela ezifundeni ezahlukene zaseSpain nakwamanye amazwe.
Ukuhlaziywa kufaka phakathi ukuhlonza izikhathi zesidingo sokuhamba esiphezulu (ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kokusitheka kwelanga), ukukhethwa kwezindawo zokubuka ngokubambisana nezithunywa zesifundazwe nangaphansi kwezindinganiso zokuphepha nokufaneleka, kanye nokutholakala kwezingxenye zenethiwekhi yezokuthutha kanye nezindawo zensimu ezingase zibe nzima kakhulu ngenxa yobuningi bezivakashi.
Kuphinde kuqashelwe ukunyakaza kokubuya ngemva kokuphela kwento ngayinyeUkuhlanganiswa kwezikhathi ezithile, imigwaqo eminyene, kanye nethrafikhi yezivakashi zasehlobo engaba khona kungadala izinkinga uma kungahlelwanga kusenesikhathi. Umgomo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke lezi zindlela zenzeka ngokuphepha nokusebenza kahle okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ucwaningo lomthelela ekuhambeni: izigaba kanye nezinhloso
Ukuze kulindelwe lezi zimo, uMnyango Wezokuthutha Nokuhamba Okusimeme ukhuthaza Ucwaningo lwemiphumela ekuhambeni okuhlobene ne-Trio of EclipsesInhloso eyinhloko ukuhlola ukuthi lezi zenzakalo zingathinta kanjani ingqalasizinda, izindlela ezahlukene zokuhamba kanye nezinsizakalo ezingaphansi komthwalo wazo, njengokusindisa olwandle.
Ucwaningo luhlelwe ngo- izigaba eziningana zomsebenzi ezihlukene zokuphela kwelanga ngakunyeukuze kutholakale ulwazi oluningiliziwe ngesimo sangaphambilini, izibikezelo, nokuthi kwenzekani ekugcineni emcimbini ngamunye. Isigaba sokuqala sigxile ku ukuchazwa kokuhamba okubhekiselwe kukho, ukuhlaziya amaphethini okunyakaza avamile ezindaweni ezingase zithinteke, okuhlanganisa nezimo eziguquguqukayo ezifana nonyaka, isidingo sezivakashi kanye nokusetshenziswa okuvamile kwengqalasizinda yezokuthutha.
Okulandelayo, isibikezelo sesidingo kanye nokuhlolwa kwezimo ezingaba khonaNgokusekelwe kudatha yomlando kanye nezimo ezahlukene zokuziphatha kwabantu, inani elilindelekile lokuhamba kanye nomthelela ongaba khona emigwaqweni, kunethiwekhi yezitimela, ezokuthutha emoyeni nasolwandle kuyalinganiselwa.
Ngalesi sisekelo, siqhubekela esigabeni se- ukwesekwa ekuchazeni izindlela zokuhambaIzinyathelo ziyafundwa futhi zihlongozwa ukuze kube lula ukuhamba, kuthuthukiswe ukuphathwa kwezimoto, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha okwanele kanye nezimo zekhwalithi yesevisi, kokubili kubantu abahlala khona kanye nezivakashi ezizobuka ukusitheka kwelanga.
Ekugcineni, ngemva kwesenzakalo ngasinye, isifundo sangaphambilini sokuhambaLokhu kuhlaziya okulandelayo kuzosivumela ukuthi siqhathanise izibikezelo nokushintshashintsha kwangempela futhi sihlole ukusebenza kahle kwezinyathelo ezisetshenzisiwe, okuthola izifundo zokufiphala kwelanga kwesikhathi esizayo.
Indawo yokuqala enkulu yokuhlola izoba ukusitheka kwelanga okuphelele Agasti 2026. Lokho okufundwayo kuzosiza ukulungisa ukuhlela ukufiphala kwelanga kuka-2027 no-2028, kuthuthukise ukusabela kanye nokulindela uhlelo lokuthutha ezimweni zesidingo esingavamile.
Esikhathini esimaphakathi, ulwazi olutholakele ngeke lusize kuphela kulezi zenzakalo zezinkanyezi. Ulwazi olutholiwe lungasetshenziswa ekuphathweni kweminye imicimbi evelele. (imibuthano emikhulu, imikhosi, izimo eziphuthumayo noma izenzakalo zemvelo), okuqinisa amandla okuhlela uhlelo lwezokuthutha ezimweni zokucindezeleka okukhulu kokuhamba.
I-MOOC evulekile yokufunda ngeLanga kanye nokufiphala kwelanga
Kanye nomsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe othe xaxa wokuhamba, uHulumeni ukhuthaze umugqa oqinile we ukuqeqeshwa kwezinkanyezi kanye nokufinyelela abantu kuhlotshaniswa nokufiphala kwenyanga okuthathu. UMnyango Wezemfundo, Ukuqeqeshwa Kwemisebenzi kanye Nezemidlalo, ngokubambisana ne- Ithimba lezemfundo leKhomishini Yezesayensi Neyelulekayo ye-Trio of Eclipses kanye nethimba leNational Astronomy Coordinators for Education (NAEC) le-International Astronomical Union, baklame inkambo enkulu eku-inthanethi.
Ukuqeqeshwa kunesihloko esithi “Ilanga kanye nokufiphala kwenyanga ezintathu 2026-2027-2028” futhi inikezwa njenge-MOOC yamahhala (i-Massive Open Online Course). Yenzelwe othisha ikakhulukazi, kodwa Noma ubani onentshisekelo kusayensi yezinkanyezi angabhalisa futhi uyilandele mahhala. Isikhathi esilinganiselwayo singamahora angama-30, esatshalaliswa emavikini amahlanu omsebenzi.
Inkambo ihlelwe ngo- imodyuli yesingeniso kanye namamojula amane anezihloko ezihlola izici ezahlukene: ulwazi lweLanga kanye nezenzakalo zayo ezivelele kakhulu, ukuguquguquka kohlelo lweLanga-Umhlaba-Inyanga, ifiziksi yokufiphala kwelanga, kanye neziqondiso zokubuka okuphephile. Konke lokhu kubhekwa ngokugxila okusebenzayo, kuhloswe ukwenza okuqukethwe kufinyeleleke kubantu abanamazinga ahlukene olwazi lwangaphambilini.
Phakathi kwezinhloso eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo: fundisa indlela yokubuka ukufiphala kwelanga ngokuphepha futhi ngaphandle kwengozi yokubonaLokhu kuchaza ukuthi yiziphi izindlela ezifanele, yiziphi izinsiza okufanele zisetshenziswe (izihlungi eziqinisekisiwe, izibuko ezithile, izibikezelo ezingaqondile, njll.), kanye nokuthi yiziphi imikhuba eyingozi. Inhloso ukunciphisa izingozi nokukhuthaza isiko lokubuka ngendlela enomthwalo wemfanelo.
Esinye isici esivelele kulolu hlelo yi- ukuhlola ubukhulu bomlando namasiko be- eclipsesKuwo wonke amamojula, kubuyekezwa izincazelo ezahlukene lezi zibonakaliso esibhakabhakeni ezibe nazo emasikweni ahlukahlukene, kanye nendima yazo ekuthuthukisweni kwesayensi yezinkanyezi kanye nokuqonda kwethu indawo yonke.
Okuqukethwe kwezifundo, indlela, kanye nezinsiza zemfundo
Izinto ze-MOOC zakhiwe yi- ochwepheshe be-astrophysics kanye ne-solar physics abanolwazi oluningi kwezemfundo kanye nokufinyelela emphakathiniKuwo wonke amamojula amahlanu, abahlanganyeli ababhalisiwe bazothola amavidiyo amafushane anezincazelo ezisekelwe embonweni kanye nezisebenzayo, kanye nama-workshop kanye neziphakamiso zomsebenzi.
Lezi zinsizakusebenza ivumelaniswe namazinga emfundo ahlukene, kusukela eMfundo yamabanga aphansi kuya eBaccalaureateLokhu kuvumela othisha ukuthi bakhethe futhi bavumelanise okuqukethwe nesimo sekilasi labo. Umqondo uwukuthi abafundi babhekane nesayensi yezinkanyezi ngokusebenzisa okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, besebenzisa ilukuluku elivame ukubangelwa ukufiphala kwelanga.
Inkambo ihlanganisa futhi izimo zokufunda eseziklanywe kakade futhi zilungele ukusetshenziswa Ekilasini, bahlanganisa ukuqaphela izinto ezenzekayo nokuqukethwe kwekharikhulamu yesayensi. Ngale ndlela, ukufiphala kwelanga kusebenza njengentambo evamile yokuhlola imiqondo yefiziksi, isayensi yezinkanyezi, kanye nendlela yesayensi.
Labo abangahilelekile ekufundiseni bazothola Izincazelo zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo zokuqonda okwenzekayo esibhakabhakeni Phakathi nezigaba ezahlukene zokusitheka kwelanga, uzofunda ukuthi kungani kuphelele kwezinye izindawo futhi kungaphelele kwezinye, noma ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezibangela ukusitheka kwelanga okuvamile. Ifomethi ye-MOOC ikuvumela ukuthi ufunde ngejubane lakho, ubuyekeze amavidiyo, futhi uphinde imisebenzi uma kudingeka.
Uma sebeqede ngempumelelo imisebenzi ehleliwe ehlolwayo, abahlanganyeli bazothola i- ibheji yokugunyazwa kwedijithali, egcinwe esikhwameni se-“INTEF Badges”. Lokhu kuqashelwa kuqinisekisa ukutholwa kolwazi namakhono ahlanganiswe kulesi sifundo futhi kungaba usizo njengobufakazi bokuqhubeka nemfundo, ikakhulukazi kothisha.
Ukubhalisa, izinsuku zokugcina kanye nokubamba iqhaza kuvulekele zonke izakhamuzi
Ukubhaliswa kwe-MOOC “Ilanga kanye nokufiphala kwenyanga ezintathu 2026-2027-2028” Ukubhaliswa kwenziwa ngewebhusayithi yeNational Institute of Educational Technologies and Teacher Training (INTEF). Kuvulelekile kokubili kochwepheshe bezemfundo kanye nanoma ubani ofisa ukulungiselela ukubuka ukufiphala kwelanga ngokuphephile nangolwazi.
Ikhosi izokwenzeka phakathi kwesikhathi esiphakathi Meyi 5 kanye noJuni 12Ukubhalisa kuvuliwe kuze kube umhla zingama-23 kuNhlaba. Phakathi nala masonto, abafundi bazokwazi ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izinto zokwakha, bakwazi ukuqedela imisebenzi ehlongozwayo, futhi bahlanganyele ezintweni ezivezwa epulatifomu.
Nakuba umklamo uhloselwe kakhulu ukwenza izinto zibe lula amathuluzi nezinsiza zothishaLe ndlela ijwayelekile kangangokuthi noma yimuphi umthandi wezinkanyezi angazuza kuyo. Okudingekayo nje ilukuluku lokuqonda kangcono iLanga, indlela okwenzeka ngayo ukufiphala kwelanga, kanye nendlela engcono kakhulu yokukubona.
Abaxhumanisi bokuqeqeshwa, isazi sezinkanyezi kanye nomxhumanisi wesayensi UNayra Rodríguez Eugenio (i-Canary Islands Institute of Astrophysics kanye nomxhumanisi oyinhloko wethimba le-NAEC-Spain) kanye nomcwaningi kanye nomxhumanisi wesayensi U-Alba Aller Egea (National Astronomical Observatory), bagcizelela ukuthi kuyi- ithuba eliyingqayizivele lokusondeza isayensi emakilasini nasemphakathini jikelele, kuncike ekuthakaselekeni okubangelwa yilezi zenzakalo.
Ekupheleni kwamasonto amahlanu kanye nasekuqedweni kwemisebenzi yokuhlola, Abantu ababhalisiwe ngeke nje bathole ukugunyazwa kwedijithalikodwa futhi nesethi yezinto ezingasetshenziswa kabusha abangazisebenzisa kamuva, kokubili ukulandela eminye imicimbi yezinkanyezi kanye nokusebenza kokuqukethwe kwesayensi ngendlela ehehayo kakhulu.
Sekukonke, izwe libhekene nokufiphala kwelanga okuthathu ngo-2026, 2027, kanye no-2028, okuhlanganisa Ukuhlela ukuhamba, ukuxhumanisa izikhungo, kanye nokuzibophezela okuqinile kwezemfundo kanye nokufinyelela emphakathini kwezesayensiNgakho-ke iSpain ilungiselela ukuthi lezi zenzakalo zingabi nje umbukwane wasezulwini, kodwa futhi zibe yithuba lokufunda, ukuhamba ngokuphepha nokuqinisa isithakazelo somphakathi kwezesayensi yezinkanyezi.
