Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kweshumi yezikhalazo zokuqala, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "indawo yokuzalanisa izinto ezesabekayo" eMelgar de Fernamental kuphinde kwaba yisizinda sezindaba zomthetho eBurgos. NgoLwesibili, mhla lu-1 kuMandulo, ummangalelwa oyinhloko uhlelelwe ukuthi ekugcineni avele enkantolo eNkantolo Yobugebengu Inombolo 2 ukuze aphendule uhlu olude lwamacala ahlobene nokuphathwa kabi kwezinja eziningi okuqhubekayo.
Icala liza ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi yokuhlolwa yiSeprona (Nature Protection Service of the Civil Guard), izikhalazo ezivela komakhelwane, izinqubo zokuphatha, kanye nokuhlenga yizinhlangano zenhlalakahle yezilwane, ebezilokhu zifuna isinyathelo esiwujuqu. Leli cala seliwuphawu lwempikiswano mayelana nendlela izinhlaka zikahulumeni kanye nohlelo lobulungiswa ezisabela ngayo emacaleni angathi sína okushiywa kwezilwane nonya.
Indawo yokuzalela ehlolwa kusukela ngo-2013
Indaba yalesi sikhungo sokuzalela eMelgar de Fernamental, esifundazweni saseBurgos, iqala ngokusemthethweni ngo- 2013, lapho iSeprona (i-Nature Protection Service of the Civil Guard) iqala ukuqapha indawo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuhlanzeka, ukuhlanzeka, kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, imibiko, izikhalazo, namafayela kuye kwanqwabelana ngenxa yokushoda okuphindaphindiwe.
Ngokusho kwe-Civil Guard, imvume yesikhungo sezemvelo ivumele izinja ezingafika ku-75 , kodwa ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwembule izilwane ezingafika ku-147: ezindala ezingu-97 kanye nezinjana ezingu-50, okuyisibalo esiphindwe kabili kunesibalo esivunyelwe. Eziningi zazizincane kakhulu, zihlushwa izifo ezingalashwa, futhi zingenalo ukunakekelwa okwanele kwezilwane , iqiniso eliqinisekiswe yimithombo eminingana.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imikhuba yokunganaki yalo mfuyi yathinta okungaphezu nje kwezinja. Omakhelwane kanye nezakhamuzi zikamasipala babike ukungcola okusabalele, iphunga eliqhubekayo, indle eqongelelekile exutshwe nezinsalela zokudla, kanye nokutheleleka kwezinambuzane endaweni, okubangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu emphakathini.
Izinhlangano zokuvikela izilwane, ikakhulukazi iProanbur kanye ne-Animal Justice and Defense , zaqala ukusakaza lesi simo ngokuphikelela. Izitatimende zazo, imibhikisho, kanye nemikhankaso zazifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi icala alipheli ngezijeziso zokuphatha kuphela futhi zaphoqelela ukuba kuthathwe isinyathelo esiqinile ngokumelene nendawo yokuzalela.
Ukuhlolwa okunqumayo kanye nendima kaSeprona
Kusukela ngo-2019 kuqhubeke, ingcindezi yanda. Ngalowo nyaka, iSeprona (Nature Protection Service) yeCivil Guard, ephelezelwa udokotela wezilwane ovela kuHulumeni Wesifunda saseCastile naseLeón , yenza ukuhlolwa okwaqinisekisa futhi izimo ezibucayi kulesi sikhungo. Izinja eziningana kwadingeka zisuswe ngokushesha ngenxa yempilo yazo embi.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi esifanayo, isimo esibi sezinja kanye nezilwane saqinisekiswa , futhi umfuyi waboshwa ngokuhlukumeza izilwane. Ekuqaleni, izinja ezine ezisesimweni esibucayi zasuswa endaweni yakhe. Kamuva waboshwa futhi ngokukhwabanisa ekuthengisweni kwenja kanye nangokuqhubeka nokuhlukumeza kanye nokunganakwa endaweni yakhe.
Izenzo azigcinanga lapho. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kwalokho kungenelela, kwaba nokuhlengwa okwengeziwe kanye nokuhlolwa, kwathi ngesikhathi sezikhukhula zangoNovemba 2019, izisebenzi zokuzithandela eziningana zahlanganyela ekuthuthweni kwezinja eziningi ukuze zivinjelwe ukuthi zingabanjwa ezindaweni ezazisesimweni esibi kakhulu.
Zonke lezi zindlela zokungenelela zaziyingxenye yalokho i-Civil Guard eyibiza ngokuthi i-Operation Chenilbur , uhlelo, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukene eyabonisana nalo, olwaphawula ukuguquka ekushintsheni kusukela ezinqubweni zokuphatha kuya endleleni yobugebengu yokubhekana naleli cala.
Ukudilizwa kwesikhungo sokuzalela ngo-2020
Isinyathelo esiwujuqu senzeka ngoFebhuwari 2020 , lapho i-Civil Guard, isebenza ngaphansi komyalelo wenkantolo, isesha izindawo eziningana ezixhumene nomsolwa: imizi emibili, ipulazi, kanye nendawo yokuzalela uqobo. Ngaleso sikhathi, isimo sase sibi kakhulu, kangangokuthi imibiko ehlukahlukene ichaza lesi sigameko ngokuthi "sishaqisa."
Kulesi sikhungo, izinja zitholakale zigcwele ndawonye phakathi kwendle, zingenakho ukudla okwanele noma amanzi , eceleni kwezidumbu zezinye izilwane. Amaphoyisa athole nezinsalela zezinja esitsheni sepulasitiki esisetshenziswa njengendawo yokulahla imfucuza, kanti ukubulawa kwezinja okwalandela kwembula ubufakazi bokudla inyama kwezilwane ngokwazo.
Esinye sezikhathi ezishaqisa kakhulu zokuhlinzwa kwaba ukutholwa, endlini, kwezinja eziningi ezivalelwe ezimweni ezimbi kanye nokutholwa kwezinjana ezifile, okuhlanganisa nencane engaphakathi esikhwameni esiqandisini. I-Civil Guard igcizelele ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwezinja kuqinisekisile ukuthi ukufa okuningi kuhlobene nokunganakwa okuphelele nokwesikhathi eside.
Sekukonke, lo msebenzi waholela ekususweni kwezinja ezingu-86 ezisindile namakati amabili ngesinqumo senkantolo , izilwane ezazibekwe ngaphansi kokunakekelwa yizinhlangano ezahlukene kanye nemindeni yokunakekela izingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okuningana kwangaphambilini kwakuthole ezinye izinja zisesimweni esibucayi ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezilwane okuphuthumayo.
Ukusindisa, ukuvuselela kanye nemizamo yezindawo zokukhosela izilwane
Ukuvalwa kwesikhungo sokuzalela akuzange kuqede inkinga, kodwa kwavula isahluko esisha esigxile ekululameni ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo kwezilwane ezisindile . I-Proanbur nezinye izinhlangano zathatha izintambo zokunakekelwa kwezilwane, ukuvuselelwa, kanye nokuthola amakhaya ezinja namakati asindisiwe.
Indawo yokukhosela izilwane eBurgos igcizelela ukuthi eziningi zalezi zilwane zafika nemiphumela emibi kakhulu: ukungondleki kahle, izifo ezingamahlalakhona, ukwesaba okukhulu, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha okubangelwa iminyaka yokuphathwa kabi nokuminyana. Ukululama kweziningi zazo kwakudinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwesikhathi nezinsizakusebenza.
Le nhlangano igcizelela ukuthi kwadingeka ikhokhele izindleko eziphezulu kakhulu zezilwane kanye nokugcinwa kwazo izinyanga eziningi , ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokusekelwa ngezimali kwabantu ngabanye kanye nokubambisana kwemitholampilo yezilwane, izisebenzi zokuzithandela kanye nezindawo zokuhlala ezinakekelwayo. Bakuchaza lokhu “njengomzamo ongavamile womuntu kanye nowezimali” ukunikeza lezi zilwane ithuba lokuphila impilo ehloniphekile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, leli cala lasiza ekuhlanganiseni izakhamuzi ngaphesheya kwesifundazwe saseBurgos. Imibuthano, imikhankaso egxeka ukuhlukunyezwa, kanye nokufinyelela ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kwenza "indawo yokuzalela izinto ezesabekayo" yaba uphawu lokufuna izinguquko ekuphenduleni kwezikhungo ekuhlukunyezweni kwezilwane.
Ukuphunyuka komnikazi kanye nokusesha kwamanye amazwe
Njengoba uphenyo lwasendaweni luqhubeka, umsolwa oyinhloko washintsha indlela. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlasela ngoFebhuwari 2020 , umnikazi wesikhungo sokuzalela washiya iSpain, okuphoqa uphenyo ukuba lushintshele ekusesheni kwamanye amazwe okwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu.
INkantolo Yemiyalelo yaseBurgos inombolo 2 yabe isikhipha umyalelo wokuboshwa nokubuyiselwa ezweni , kwathi nge-Interpol kwakhishwa “iSaziso Esibomvu” sokucela ukubambisana kwamaphoyisa kwamanye amazwe ekutholeni umbaleki.
Umsebenzi kaSeprona namanye amayunithi ekuqaleni wathola umsolwa esifundeni saseMexico , futhi eminyakeni kamuva, eVenezuela. Ekugcineni waboshwa eVenezuela, futhi ngemva kwenqubo ende yezomthetho neyehhovisi eyathatha isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, iziphathimandla zaseVenezuela zamthumela eSpain.
Umsolwa wafika eSpain ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari futhi ubelokhu eboshwe ngaphambi kokuqulwa kwecala kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ukuze avimbele ukubaleka futhi, ngenxa yomlando wakhe wokubaleka. Ochwepheshe bezomthetho wezilwane bagcizelele ukuthi ukukhishwa kwewaranti yokuboshwa yamazwe ngamazwe ecaleni lokuxhashazwa kwezilwane kubeka isibonelo esibalulekile ekushushisweni kwalolu hlobo lobugebengu.
Ubugebengu obuqulwa icala kanye namarekhodi obugebengu
Ehlonzwe ezinqubweni zakhe ngama-initials akhe, umnikazi wepulazi lokufuya manje ubhekene namacala okuqhubeka nokuhlukumeza izilwane ngendlela yalo embi kanye nokufihla impahla noma ukukhungatheka kokubulawa, njengoba kuthiwa ubeke impahla egameni lezihlobo ukuze agweme isenzo soBulungiswa.
Izijeziso ezifunwayo ngalezi zenzo zobugebengu zingafaka phakathi ukuboshwa, izinhlawulo, kanye nokungafaneleki okukhethekile emisebenzini yokusebenza, ukuhweba, noma amabhizinisi ahlobene nezilwane, kanye nokuba nazo isikhathi eside. I-Civil Guard yayicele ngaphambilini ukuthi kusulwe ilayisensi yezemvelo yesikhungo sokuzalela kanye nokuvalwa unomphela kwendawo.
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuhamba eSpain, ummangalelwa wayenerekhodi lobugebengu lokuhlasela, ukwenza ngaphandle kwelayisensi, ukwephulwa kwesigwebo, kanye nokuhlukumeza izilwane , ngokusho kwezinqumo zenkantolo ezahlukahlukene. Leli rekhodi liyingxenye yomongo lapho inkantolo manje ihlola khona umthwalo wemfanelo wobugebengu ecaleni lesikhungo sokuzalela saseMelgar.
Izinqubo eziqalayo manje zimele, empeleni, isiphetho seminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi yezikhalazo, ukuhlolwa, kanye nezinyathelo zomthetho . Lokhu kulalelwa kwecala kulindelwe kakhulu yizinhlangano ezibambe iqhaza, ezilwele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi icala aliphenduki ngenxa yokungabikho isikhathi eside komsolwa oyinhloko.
Uphawu lokulwa nokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane
Ezinhlanganweni ezifana neProanbur, ukubaluleka kwaleli cala kudlulela ngale komsolwa uqobo. Le nhlangano igcizelela ukuthi okwenzeka eMelgar de Fernamental kufanele kusize ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana phakathi kwezikhungo zikahulumeni, izinhlangano zomthetho, kanye nezinhlangano zokuvikela izilwane lapho kutholakala amacala amakhulu okushiywa noma unya.
Eminyakeni edlule, amaqembu ahilelekile afune impendulo esheshayo, ehlelekile, futhi ephumelelayo ezikhalweni , egcizelela ukuthi izimpawu zesixwayiso bezilokhu zinqwabelana isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe noma yiziphi izinyathelo eziqondile. Kubo, leli cala libonisa izinga lapho ukubambezeleka kwezikhungo kungaholela ekuhluphekeni isikhathi eside kwezilwane.
Lezi zinhlangano zisikhumbuza nokuthi ngemuva kwamafayela, izibalo kanye nezenzo kukhona izilwane zangempela: izinja ezahlushwa yindlala, izifo, ukuminyana kanye nokushiywa ; ezinye zafa zingazange zisindiswe kanti ezinye, ngenxa yokungenelela kokugcina, zakwazi ukuqala impilo entsha emakhaya okutholwa.
Njengoba icala seliqalile eBurgos, izindawo zokukhosela izilwane, izisebenzi zokuzithandela, kanye nezakhamuzi ezilandele leli cala iminyaka eminingi zinethemba lokuthi uhlelo lobulungiswa luzobenza labo abanecala baphendule futhi luthumele umyalezo ocacile ngokumelene nokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bagcizelela ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho eMelgar de Fernamental kufanele kushukumise izinguquko ukuze kuvinjelwe isimo esifanayo ukuthi singaphinde senzeke esikhathini esizayo.
Lonke lolu hambo, kusukela ekuhlolweni kokuqala ngo-2013 kuya ekuhlolweni kwamanje, luguqule "indawo yokuzalela izinto ezesabekayo" yaba yindawo yokubhekisela engakhululekile kodwa edingekayo: isikhumbuzo salokho okwenzekayo lapho izilawuli zehluleka nokuthi yini engafezwa lapho ingcindezi yomphakathi, umsebenzi wezindawo zokukhosela izilwane kanye nesenzo sokwahlulela kugcina kuhlangana ukuze kusindiswe abasengozini kakhulu.