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Isibalo se UMichael Ende Ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa ngokushesha nezihloko ezimbili ezibalulekile ezincwadini zezinganekwane: Indaba engapheli y momoNakuba eyokuqala inesiko elide lokuhlaziya nokuguqula, eyesibili, eminyakeni edlule, ithole isikhundla senkolo, kokubili ngenoveli yokuqala kanye nokuguqulwa kwayo kwefilimu. Ifilimu yesenzo ebukhoma ka-1986 eqondiswe ngu UJohannes Schaaf Akungabazeki ukuthi yiyona ndlela eyaziwayo futhi ethinta umoya wencwadi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokunikeza a isibuyekezo esigcwele sefilimu ethi MomoSizohlola indaba yayo, abadlali, izikripthi kanye nokukhetha kwesiteji, umehluko wenoveli, kanye nomyalezo oyisisekelo osabalulekile nanamuhla. Kuzoba nesikhathi sokuxoxa kafushane ngokuzivumelanisa opopayi okulandelayo, amaqiniso athile athakazelisayo, nokuthi kungani, naphezu kwamaphutha ayo, le nguqulo ka-1986 ithole indawo ekhethekile kakhulu ezinkumbulweni zababukeli abaningi.
Indaba kaMomo (1986): inganekwane mayelana nesikhathi esebiwe
Le filimu isethula ku- UMomo, intombazane eyintandane Uhlala emanxiweni enkundla yemidlalo yakudala, emaphethelweni edolobha elingenagama. Akanalutho nhlobo, kodwa unesiphiwo esingavamile: ulalela cishe njenganoma ubani omunye. Omakhelwane bakhe nabangane bakhe—izingane nabantu abadala—bayamvakashela ngoba, lapho bekhuluma naye, bazizwa becacile, benesibindi, noma bebaluleke kakhulu kunalokho ababekucabanga.
Kulesi simo esilula nesinenjabulo, lapho impilo iqhubeka khona ngesivinini esincane, kuvela ukuphazamiseka Amadoda AmpungaLaba ngamadoda agqoke amasudi, izigqoko ze-bowler, kanye nogwayi abavuthayo njalo, abakhuluma ngokukhiqiza, ukonga, kanye nokusebenza kahle. Bamele inhlangano esebenza njengebhange lesikhathi: baqinisekisa abantu ukuthi kumele "bonge imizuzu" yosuku lwabo, bayeke ukuzijabulisa okuncane kanye nokuxhumana nabantu ukuze baqoqe imali yesikhathi okuthiwa bayintshontsha, empeleni, kubo.
Njengoba amaGrey Men ethola indawo, idolobha liyashintsha libe yindawo ukucindezeleka kanye nesiphithiphithiOmakhelwane, ababekade benokuthula futhi bejabule, baba nokukhathazeka, bematasa ngokwenza okwengeziwe ngesikhathi esincane. Abangane bakaMomo bayayeka ukumvakashela; akusekho ndawo yokudlala e-amphitheater, noma izingxoxo ezinde lapho intombazane ibonise khona amakhono ayo okulalela. Konke kubonakala sengathi kugxile esivinini nasekukhiqizeni, yize kungekho muntu owaziyo ngempela ukuthi kungani.
UMomo, engazi ngale ndlela yokucabanga, nguyena kuphela ohlala ngaphandle kwendwangu elukiwe yiGrey Men. Ngenxa yakhe, uhlangana no Isikhathi sikathishaUMomo ujoyina umuntu oyimfihlakalo oqapha isikhathi sabo bonke abantu, kanye noCassiopeia ufudu, okwazi ukubona ikusasa kafushane ngamazwi akhanya egobolondweni lakhe. Ngosizo lwabo, uMomo uqala uhambo lokuphazamisa amacebo amasela esikhathi futhi abuyisele kubantu izimpilo ezibiwe kubo.
Le filimu ihlanganisa izikhathi inganekwane, uhambo kanye nokuzindlaUkugcina leso simo phakathi kwenganekwane nomfanekiso wezenhlalo ochaza inoveli ka-Ende. Nakuba indaba ihloselwe izingane, imibuzo eyiphakamisayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi, ijubane elisheshayo lempilo yanamuhla, kanye nokwehliswa kobuntu bomsebenzi nakho kuthinta kakhulu ababukeli abadala.
Abalingisi: Abalingisi abaqinile abasebenzela uMomo
Ukukhiqizwa kuka-1986 kuwukukhiqizwa ngokubambisana IsiNtaliyane-IsiJalimane Iqoshwe endaweni eyayiyiNtshonalanga Jalimane ngaleso sikhathi, abadlali bayo bathembele kakhulu kubadlali baseJalimane nabase-Italy abadumile eYurophu. Inhliziyo yale filimu... I-Radost Bokel, odlala uMomo ngenhlanganisela ekhethekile yobumnandi, ukuthula kanye nokuba khona esiteji.
Kusobala ukuthi ukulingisa uBokel kwakungenye yamandla amakhulu efilimu: lo mlingisi ngokwemvelo uveza leyo ndlela eyingqayizivele yokulalela nokubuka echaza umlingiswa enoveli. Nakuba uMomo ethule kakhulu encwadini, lapha ukhuluma kaningi kakhulu, isinqumo abanye abafundi abaqotho abangase bangabaze kodwa, ngokwesiko le-cinema, esiza uzwela ngokushesha nezilaleli.
Umakadebona U-Armin Mueller-Stahl Umelela iNhloko Yamadoda Ampunga, eletha ubukhona obumangalisayo nobumangalisayo. Indlela aveza ngayo umholi walezi zidalwa ezimpunga yenza usongo lwesikhathi esibiwe luzwakale lungokoqobo, cishe lubonakala. Umlingiswa wakhe umelela uhlangothi olubi kakhulu lomqondo wokonga kanye nokukhiqiza okukhulu.
Abanye abadlali bahlanganisa ULeopoldo Trieste njengoBeppo uMshayeli Wemigwaqo—umshayeli wemigwaqo othandekayo othatha impilo kalula futhi ofundisa uMomo ukufunda—futhi UBruno Stori endimeni kaGirolamo “Gigi” Cicerone, umngane wentombazane kanye nomlingiswa obalulekile endabeni. UMario Adorf uvela njengoNicola, futhi Ninetto Davoli njengoNino, abalingiswa abahlanganisa ezinye zezingxabano zansuku zonke eziphazanyiswa ukufika kwamaGrey Men.
Ukukhulunywa okukhethekile kufanelekile UJohn HustonElinye lamagama amakhulu e-cinema yakudala, odlala i-Master Hora. Le ndima kwakuwumsebenzi wakhe wokugcina wefilimu, onezela ungqimba lwezimpawu efilimini: ingcweti ye-cinema enikeza impilo kumgcini wesikhathi, endabeni eveza ngqo indlela esichitha futhi silahlekelwa ngayo.
Isiqondiso, iskripthi kanye nesiteji
Uhlelo lokuguqulwa lwango-1986 luqondiswa ngu UJohannes Schaaf, ophinde asayine umbhalo nge UMarcello Coscia y URosemarie Fendel, esekelwe enoveli kaMichael Ende. Umbhali ngokwakhe, edumele kakhulu ngalokho okwenziwe nge Indaba engapheli Efilimini, wayehileleke kakhulu kulokhu, waze waqondanisa iphrojekthi futhi wabonakala efilimini encane.
Ngokuvamile, ifilimu igcina ukwethembeka okuphawulekayo endabeni yokuqalaUmdwebo oyinhloko kaMomo, ukufika kwamadoda ampunga, indima kaMaster Hora, kanye nomsebenzi wokugcina wokumisa amasela esikhathi konke kuboniswa ngokuphelele, kufaka phakathi izigcawu ezibalulekile noma yimuphi umfundi alindele ukuzibona esikrinini.
Nokho, ukwenziwa kwalo akunazinkinga. Nakuba isikhathi sokusebenza—cishe imizuzu eyi-101—singavumela ukuphumula, ifilimu izwakala ihamba kancane ngezinye izikhathi. isheshisiwe futhi ishesha kancane ekuhleleni kwayo. Ukweqa phakathi kwezigcawu ezithile kushesha, futhi kulabo abangazange bayifunde le ncwadi, ezinye izinguquko esimweni zingabonakala zingachazwanga kahle noma zidida kancane.
Isibonelo esiphindaphindayo yingxenye lapho izingane zihlangana khona ukuze zenze abantu abadala baye e-amphitheater, noma ukuguqulwa kukaGigi abe ngumculi odumile; enoveli lezi zenzakalo zithuthukiswa kakhulu, kuyilapho esikrinini zixazululwa ngemizuzu embalwa nje, ngokushintsha okuzwakala kungeyona into ephilayo. Ngokufanayo, ukulandelana lapho UMaster Hora uyalala Ukuze uMomo akwazi ukubhekana namaGrey Men kanye nesikhathi sabantu abakhululekile sibonakale sifushane: uhlelo alucacile kangako kunasencwadini futhi kubonakala sengathi uMaster ushiya intombazane cishe ukuthi izenzele yona.
Naphezu kwalokhu, iskripthi senza izinqumo ezithile ezithakazelisayo zokuhumusha indaba ibe ulimi olubonakalayo olungokoqobo, sishiya izinto ezithile ezimangalisayo noma eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngenhloso yokugcina umbukeli ngaphakathi kohlaka olukholekayo. Leli cebo lisikhumbuza, yize lisezingeni elihlukile, ngalokho okwenziwe ngokunye ukuguqulelwa kwezincwadi okudingakalayo okufana nokuthi Umhlaba kaSofialapho izingxenye zenoveli nazo zinikelwa khona, kodwa kwenziwa umzamo wokuhlonipha ingqikithi yayo yefilosofi.
Umklamo wokukhiqiza, izithombe kanye nomsindo
Uma kukhona okusiza ifilimu ukuthi isebenze kahle kakhulu, yiyo umklamo wokukhiqizaAmasethi e-amphitheater, idolobha, indawo yokuhlala yamadoda ampunga, kanye nendawo ezungezile uMaestro Hora kudala indawo ebonakalayo evumelana nombono ka-Ende. Isiqondiso sobuciko kanye nezingubo zithwebula leso simo esingapheli, endaweni ethile phakathi kosuku lwansuku zonke kanye nolwamaphupho, okuvumela indaba ukuthi idlule noma yisiphi isikhathi esithile.
I-Los Amadoda Ampunga Zenziwe ngobuciko: amasudi azo, izigqoko ze-bowler, ifu elihlala likhona lentuthu kagwayi, kanye nezikhwama zazo zesikhwama konke kunomthelela ekuboneni kwazo njengengozi ebandayo, enobushiqela, cishe engenabuntu. Nakuba le noveli ichaza ngokuningiliziwe ukubaluleka kwama-cigarettes abawabhemayo, esikrinini okuvelele kakhulu ubuhle bawo bonke, obuwaguqula abe yizithombe eziphazamisayo, ezibonakala ngokushesha.
isithombe se UXaver Schwarzenberger Incike kumbala ohlukile ohlukanisa ngokucacile izikhathi zokufudumala nokudlala e-amphitheater ezindaweni ezibuswa yiGrey Men. Ezinye izindawo zibonakala zingaphandle kwenganekwane, zinemisindo egqamile kanye nezingoma ezidwetshwe ngobuciko obukhulu, kanti ezinye izindawo zinombala ompunga noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lapho "ukusindisa isikhathi" sekuholele edolobheni.
Esigabeni somculo, amaphuzu ka U-Angelo Branduardi Isebenza umsebenzi obalulekile: ayipheleli nje kuphela ezigcawini zokuzijabulisa nokuxineka, kodwa futhi iqinisa isici esingokomzwelo sobudlelwano bukaMomo nabangani bakhe. Ingoma, ngaphandle kokuba nkulu kakhulu, ikhethwe kahle futhi kunomthelela ekucwilisweni yombukeli, ikakhulukazi kulezo zikhathi lapho ifilimu ima ukuze iphefumule futhi ivumele umyalezo ungene.
Ndawonye, izingubo, ukwakheka kwesethi, izithombe, nomculo kudala okuhlangenwe nakho okubonakalayo nokuzwakalayo okuguqula ifilimu kukhanga futhi kufinyeleleka kalula kubabukeli bezingane, ngaphandle kokucasuka, futhi okunikeza izingqimba ezanele zokuhumusha kumbukeli omdala ofuna ukudlulela ngale kokuzijabulisa okumsulwa.
Abalingiswa kanye nabalingisi befilimu
Ngokuphathelene nabalingiswa abalingiswa, uhlelo lokuguqulwa lwango-1986 luzama ukufaka cishe bonke abalingiswa abaphambili abavela kule noveli. momo (Radost Bokel), kuhlobo Beppo Sweeper (Leopoldo Trieste), kumphuphi Gigi Cicerone (Bruno Stori), a Nicola (uMario Adorf), ku- I-Nino (Ninetto Davoli), kuya enkingeni Isikhathi sikathisha (John Huston) kanye no- Umholi Wamadoda Ampunga (Armin Mueller-Stahl), kanye namanye ama-ejenti ampunga njengaleyo edlalwa yi USylvester Groth.
Ngamunye wabo unikela ngengxenye ethile ekugxekweni komphakathi okushiwo yi-Ende. UBeppo ubonisa ifilosofi yokuzola nokwenza izinto kahle, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ngaphandle kokushesha kodwa ngaphandle kokuphumula; UGigi umele ikhono lokuxoxa izindaba nokudala izindaba, yize kule filimu ithalente lakhe liqondiswe kakhulu emculweni kunokuxoxa izindaba ngomlomo, imininingwane ephambuka kancane encwadini; uNicola noNino babonisa, ngezingxabano zabo, ukuthi uhlelo olubekwe yiGrey Men luthinta kanjani ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu nobomndeni.
Abangane bakaMomo basebuntwaneni basebenza ekuboniseni ngendlela eqondile umthelela ukwebiwa kwesikhathi Ebuntwaneni, imidlalo eyenzeka ngokungazelelwe enkundleni yemidlalo, engadingi izinsiza eziningi, ithathelwa indawo yimisebenzi okuthiwa iwusizo noma ukungabikho nje kokuzilibazisa, okubonisa ukuthambekela kokugcwalisa isimiso sezingane ngezibopho nemisebenzi ehleliwe.
UMomo ngokwakhe, njengoba evezwa nguRadost Bokel, uba khona okuzolile endaweni eqhubeka nokuxokozela. Nakuba ifilimu imnika imigqa eminingi yengxoxo kunenoveli, ugcina lelo khono lokulalela ngempela umuntu ophambi kwakhe. Leli khono, elichazwe ngu-Ende njengelingavamile kakhulu—bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazi ngempela ukulalela—lidluliselwa esikrinini ngokuthula, ukubuka, kanye nokusabela okuvinjelwe.
Ekugcineni, abadlali banikeza ifilimu i- igalari yabalingiswa abathandekayo futhi okubonakalayo, okwenza kube lula ngombukeli ukuba ahileleke ngokomzwelo, ngisho noma ijubane lokuhlela lishesha noma ezinye izinguquko zendaba zingaphumeleli.
Umehluko phakathi kwenoveli nefilimu
Nakuba ukujwayelana kweMomo, ngokuvamile, kuthembekile impela, kunezinhlobo eziningi umehluko omncane Ngokuphathelene nenoveli, umehluko omningi uyizici ezingashintshi umlayezo oyinhloko, kodwa kufanelekile ukuziphawula uma umuntu efuna ukuqonda ngokugcwele inqubo yokudlulisa indaba isuka ekhasini iye esikrinini.
Enye yezinguquko ezibonakala kakhulu yilezo esezishiwo kakade: GigiLo mlingiswa, okule ncwadi obonakala ngekhono lakhe lokuxoxa izindaba, uvela kule filimu exhumene kakhulu nomculo, edlala isiginci. Kungushintsho oluncane, kodwa lushintsha kancane indlela ubuhlakani bakhe obuvezwa ngayo. Ingxabano phakathi UNicola noNinoukuyivumelanisa nentuthuko eqondile nengenamininingwane eminingi.
Omunye umehluko omangalisayo ukuthi, ekuguqulweni kwefilimu, UMaster Hora akashintshi izingubo zakhe kahle ukuhambisana nemfashini yamanje, kanti enoveli lezi zinguquko ekubukekeni zinencazelo ecacile kakhulu yokufanisa. Lesi yisibonelo sendlela ifilimu ngezinye izikhathi ekhetha ngayo izixazululo ezibonakalayo ezivinjiwe.
Isakhiwo sezinye izigcawu siyathinteka futhi: ukugxuma phakathi kwezigcawu kungazwakala kungazelelwe, kanti izindima ezithile ezifundwa kancane encwadini zifinyezwa kancane. Kubabukeli abangajwayelene nomsebenzi wokubhala, lokhu kungahumusha kube umuzwa wendaba "ilandiswa ngesivinini esikhulu." Noma kunjalo, intambo eyinhloko ayikaze ihlukane ngokuphelele; kumane nje ukuthi ezinye ze ukujula kokuphikisana kanye nokuzindla u-Ende akuthuthukisa ngokuningiliziwe embhalweni.
Ukuqala kwefilimu kuveza ushintsho olukhulu kakhulu. Efilimini sibona UMichael Ende Ngesikhathi efunda iphephandaba esitimeleni, indoda—uMaster Hora—iyavela imtshela ukuthi izomtshela indaba kaMomo. Lesi sigameko asifani ncamashi nenoveli, yize kukhona isiphetho lapho umbhali ekhuluma nomfundi futhi echaza ukuthi indaba wayitshelwa esitimeleni ngumuntu angamazi owanyamalala ngaphambi kokuba abuze yonke imibuzo ayeyifuna. Le filimu iguqula lokhu kubhekisela kwezincwadi kube yisingeniso esichazayo esiqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kombhali nendalo yakhe.
Umyalezo kaMomo: isikhathi, impilo, kanye nomphakathi we-dystopian
Ngale kwendaba engokoqobo, iMomo iyisibonelo esinamandla ku- isikhathi njengendlela yokuphilaU-Ende ugcizelela ukuthi amawashi namakhalenda asebenza ekulinganiseni isikhathi, kodwa ukuthi lokhu kulinganisa kuyakhohlisa, ngoba ihora lingazwakala njengephakade noma lidlule ngokushesha kuye ngokuthi senzani. Isikhathi asiwona nje amayunithi e-chronometer: singukuphila, futhi ukuphila, umbhali usitshela, kuhlala enhliziyweni.
AmaGrey Men afanekisela uhlelo oluguqula isikhathi sibe umthombo wezomnotho ukuze usindiswe, ulungiswe, futhi wenziwe ube nenzuzo, usisuse ubukhulu bawo bobuntu. Ngaphansi kweseluleko sabo esikhangayo—yeka “ukuchitha isikhathi” uxoxa, udlala, noma uphumule—kukhona [ubugebengu/ukuphazamiseka] kwangempela. isicupho sokuphilaAbantu badela lokho okwenza ukuphila kwabo kube nenjongo ukuze bathole isithembiso esingacacile sekusasa esingasoze safika.
Le filimu ihumusha lokhu kugxekwa kube yizigcawu lapho abalingiswa beba bandayo futhi beqhelelana khona. Abangani bakaMomo bayayeka ukumvakashela ngoba "abanaso isikhathi"; izingane zilahlekelwa ikhono lokudlala ngenxa yokudlala; abantu abadala baphila ngokujaha, bematasa ngokukhiqiza okwengeziwe. Lelo zwe, ekuqaleni elalibonakala liyipharadesi elincane, lansuku zonke, liba yinto eseduze ne- umphakathi we-dystopian kulawulwa ukucindezeleka kanye nokusebenza kahle okungenamkhawulo.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, uMomo umelela ukuqinisekiswa kwalokho okubonakala kungabalulekile: ingxoxo engasheshi, ukuhamba ngaphandle kwenhloso engokoqobo, intambama yemidlalo engahleliwe. Indlela yakhe yokulalela isiza abantu ukuthi bathole kabusha ukubaluleka kwabo, ukuthi abazona izingxenye ezishintshaniswayo kodwa bangabantu abahlukile. Lo myalezo, ovelela enoveli ngezwi elicishe libe yinkondlo, ungena efilimini ngezingxoxo nezimo, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi zifinyeziwe, zigcina amandla azo amaningi.
Umphumela uba umsebenzi, uma ubhekwa ngokombono wanamuhla, obonakala ukhuluma ngqo nendlela yethu yokuphila yesimanje: amashejuli agcwele, isidingo esiqhubekayo "sokusebenzisa kahle" yonke iminithi, kanye nomuzwa wokuthi isikhathi siyadlula ngeminwe yethu. Le filimu, njengencwadi, isimema ukuba senze into elula nenzima njenge... ukuyeka nokuphila: sixoxa nalowo mngane sihlala sibingelelana ngokushesha, sichitha isikhathi esithile ekhoneni elihle lomuzi, sizivumela ukuba sifike sekwephuzile ngoba besijabulela isikhathi esasifanele.
I-cameo kaMichael Ende kanye nokubandakanyeka kombhali
Esinye sezici okukhulunywa ngazo kakhulu ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza yi- Ukuba khona kukaMichael Ende ngqo kule filimu. Ngaphezu kokuqondisa iphrojekthi ukuze kugwenywe okunye okuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu njenge-The NeverEnding Story, umbhali uvela ku-cameo, kunokuba abe nje ukunqekuzisa ikhanda okunobungane, kodwa onethonya langempela endleleni indaba efinyelelwa ngayo.
Isingeniso esitimeleni, u-Ende efunda iphephandaba kanye noMaster Hora eceleni kwakhe, siqinisekisa kusukela ekuqaleni ukuthi ifilimu icatshangelwa njengendaba elandiswayo, cishe njengendaba ehlebezwa endlebeni yethu. Lokhu kukhetha kugcizelela isimo esifana nenganekwane sikaMomo futhi kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi imvelaphi yendaba, nayo, iyimfihlakalo futhi icishe ibe yimilingo.
Iqiniso lokuthi u-Ende wayehileleke kangaka lichaza nokuthi kungani lokhu kuguqulwa kuphenduka kube njalo ukuhlonipha incazelo ejulile yencwadiNakuba ijubane kanye nokusikwa okuthile kungase kuphikiswane ngakho, akukho mqondo wokungathembeki kwezinto zokuqala abafundi abaningi abazizwa nge-The Neverending Story. Lapha, umongo wokugxekwa kwehlelo lokusebenza kanye nomdlandla wokonga isikhathi kusalokhu kuphelele.
Enye inguqulo: I-Momo, uhambo oluhambisana nesikhathi (2001/2002)
Eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kwefilimu eyenzeka bukhoma, kwakhiqizwa enye inguqulo yale noveli: I-Momo: Uhambo Olumelene Nesikhathi, ifilimu eqoshwe ngopopayi eqondiswe ngu U-Enzo D'AlòLe nguqulo, yobuzwe baseJalimane nase-Italy, yaqala ukukhonjiswa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-2000 futhi iveza amazwi abaculi abanjengo-Erica Necci, uVictoria Frenz noWolfgang Wölz.
Le filimu enyakazayo egijima cishe imizuzu engama-80, iphinda ibuke indaba yentombazane ese-amphitheater kanye ne-Grey Men, iyivumelanisa ne- ifomethi ekhanyayo nenemibala eminingiIhloselwe kakhulu izingane, igcina umqondo oyisisekelo wokwebiwa kwesikhathi kanye nendima kaMomo njengokumelana nalokho kulahlekelwa, kodwa yenza isitayela futhi ilula indaba ngezinga elikhulu kunenguqulo ka-1986.
Ngokubukeka, isitayela se-animation sithanda imibala egqamile kanye nemiklamo efana nekatuni, okwenza kube lula kubabukeli abasebasha. Ithoni ithambile kancane, igcizelela kakhulu i-adventure kanye namahlaya, ngaphandle kokushiya ngokuphelele ingxenye yokuzindla, yize ukujula kwefilosofi yenoveli kuncishiswa ngokungenakugwenywa.
Lokhu kuguqulwa akukafinyeleli ezingeni elifanayo ukuqashelwa okubucayi kunefilimu kaSchaaf, kodwa iyindlela ethokozisayo yokusondeza indawo yonke kaMomo ezinganeni ezingase zingakulungeli ukufunda incwadi noma ukubhekana nefilimu eyenzeka bukhoma enethoni yokudabuka nokuzindla kakhudlwana.
Ukuba khona kwezinguqulo ezimbili ezahlukene kubonisa ukuthi indaba kaMomo iguquguquka kangakanani futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ihunyushwe kabushaInoveli ka-Ende ivumela ukufundwa okuhlukahlukene kakhulu, kusukela endabeni yezingane kuya endabeni efihliwe njengenganekwane, futhi inguqulo ngayinye ikhethe ibhalansi yayo phakathi kokubili okuphambene.
Inoveli kaMichael Ende: umongo kanye nokwamukela
Umsebenzi wokuqala, owanyatheliswa ngo-1973, unesihloko sesiJalimane "Momo oder Die seltsame Geschichte von den Zeit-Dieben no von dem Kind, das den Menschen die Geschichlene Zeit zurückbrachte"okungahunyushwa ngokuthi “uMomo, noma indaba engavamile yamasela esikhathi kanye nentombazane eyabuyisela isikhathi emadodeni.” Ezinhlelweni eziningi kwezinye izilimi, ibilokhu ibizwa ngokuthi “uMomo,” ngezinye izikhathi inezihlokwana ezifana nokuthi “AmaKnights in Grey” noma “Amadoda in Grey.”
U-Ende, umbhali wamanoveli angaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, izindaba ezimfushane, imidlalo, izindatshana nezincwadi zezinkondlo, wathola incwadi yakhe ethi Momo ethi izingoma ezinhle kakhulu Kanye ne-The Neverending Story, le noveli yasheshe yaba uphawu lwezincwadi zabantu abadala abasebasha, kodwa futhi yamukelwa ngentshiseko ngabafundi abadala ngenxa yendlela yayo yokuhlanganisa inganekwane, ukugxekwa komphakathi, kanye nephrozi eshintshashintsha phakathi kwenganekwane nezinkondlo.
Esinye sezici ezidumile kakhulu zikaMomo ukubalwa kwabantu: uMaster Hora, uCassiopeia ufudu, amaGrey Men uqobo, uBeppo noGigi, kanye nomlingiswa oyinhloko, konke kushiya umbono ohlala njalo kumfundi. Ubuntu babo obungavamile nobuthandekayo bubonisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuhlobana nesikhathi: kusukela kulabo abasibona ngokuthula nangokucabanga kuya kulabo abasilandela njengokungathi sizonyamalala unomphela.
Iphrozi ka-Ende ivelele ekuvezeni imibono eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nge- ukucaca okuncisha ukuthulaIzincazelo zakhe zezikhathi ezincane empilweni evamile—ukuhamba, ingxoxo, umsebenzi ophindaphindwayo—zigcwele ubuhlakani obucishe bube yimilingo, njengokungathi umbhali usikhumbuza ukuthi okungavamile kufihliwe ngqo kulokho esivame ukukwenyanya “njengomkhuba”.
Kwabaningi abafundi, le noveli ishiya umuzwa ohlala isikhathi eside: wokuthi impilo ephilwa ngempela akuyona egcwele imisebenzi nezibopho, kodwa kunalokho yileyo esizivumela kuyo ukuhlala isikhathi eside, ukulalela, ukubuka, nokwabelana ngesikhathi nabanye. Ifilimu ka-1986, ngamandla ayo kanye nokuqaliswa kwayo okusheshayo, izama ukuhumusha lowo mbono ofanayo olimini lwe-cinema.
Ekugcineni, kokubili inoveli kanye nokuguqulwa kwayo kwefilimu kusinika okuthile okucacile kakhulu: buyekeza ubudlelwano bethu nesikhathi Futhi ngezimfuno ezibekwe kithi umphakathi ogxile ekukhiqizeni. UMomo, ngamehlo akhe acacile nendlela yakhe yokulalela, usimema ukuba sihlubuke, noma ngabe kuncane, kulabo bantu abaMhlophe esibathwalayo sonke emhlane wethu futhi silulame, noma ngabe kungokwesikhashana, leso sikhathi esibonakala silahlekile kodwa esingaba esethu.
