Kusukela kudala, isintu siye safuna izimpendulo kokungaziwa ngezindaba ezihlanganisa okungokoqobo, umcabango, kanye nezimpawu. Lezi zindaba, ezijikelezayo izidalwa ezingaphezu kwemvelo, izehlakalo ezingachazeki namasiko asendulo, yakha i-mosaic ethakazelisayo yalokho esikwazi njengezinganekwane, izinganekwane kanye nenganekwane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusemibhalweni yasendulo noma ezincwadini zangaleso sikhathi, lezi zindaba ziyaqhubeka nokuvusa ilukuluku elihlangene.
Kulolu hambo olubanzi, sizohlola ngokujulile hhayi kuphela izingxenye ezibalulekile ze- izinganekwane ezimele kakhulu nezinsumansumane, kodwa nomthelela wayo kusayensi, izincwadi, izinganekwane zesimanje ngisho nengqondo. Sizothola ukuthi zihlanganiswa kanjani kumafilimu amanje, uchungechunge, nezincwadi, kanye nemisebenzi yazo echazayo, engokomfanekiso, neyamasiko ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba.
Umlingo wenganekwane: phakathi kokwangempela nokucatshangelwayo
I-Los Izinganekwane nezinsumansumane Ziye zadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ukuze zinikeze incazelo ezimweni zemvelo, ukuziphatha kwabantu namandla angabonakali. Izinganekwane, ikakhulukazi, zigxila ekuchazeni amaqiniso amakhulu wendawo yonke, kusukela ekudalweni komhlaba kuya emsuka wokufa, ngokuvamile kuvame onkulunkulu, amaqhawe noma izidalwa ezinganekwane.
Izinganekwane, nakuba zisekelwe abalingiswa nezehlakalo ebezingaba khona, zihlotshiswe ngezinto ezinhle kakhulu. Le ngxube yezinto ezingenzeka kanye nemicabango yiyona egcina amandla ayo okuvusa. Isibonelo esicacile sitholakala emfanekisweni weNkosi u-Arthur, umsuka wayo ongokomlando uye washintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi waba umlingo, izinkemba, namaqhawe.
Umugqa omncane phakathi kwenganekwane neqiniso Yilokhu okwenza lezi zindaba zingavinjelwa: zifundisa, zikhumbuza, zixwayise futhi zihehe ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yilokhu okuxubile okubenza babe izimoto ezibalulekile zokwakha amasiko kanye nobunikazi.
Imisebenzi yezamasiko, yezenhlalakahle nezengqondo
Ngaphandle kokuzijabulisa, izinganekwane nezinganekwane zidlala indima ebalulekile emcabangweni ohlangene wemiphakathi. Balondoloza izindinganiso, izimfundiso zokuziphatha, izimiso zokuziphatha kanye nemibono yezwe. Ezimweni eziningi, ziyiphuzu lokuhlangana phakathi kwezizukulwane nababheki bamasiko asendulo.
Kusukela emkhakheni wezengqondo, uCarl Jung waphikisa ngokuthi izinganekwane ziyizinkulumo ze iqoqo liqulekile, lapho uhlamvu ngalunye noma isidalwa simelela ama-archetypes asemhlabeni wonke. Amaqhawe, izilo, abeluleki, noma izitha ezivamile ziyizingathekiso zemizabalazo yethu yangaphakathi.
Lezi zindaba zisebenza njenge amathuluzi okubumbana komphakathi. Ngezikhathi zokungaqiniseki noma zoshintsho, ukuphendukela ezindabeni ezabiwe kusiza imiphakathi ithole incazelo nesiqondiso, kuqinise umuzwa wayo wokuba ngowabanye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, banomsebenzi wokufundisa. Zifundisa okulungile nokungalungile ngendlela engokomfanekiso noma engokomfanekiso futhi zivame ukudluliselwa ngezinganekwane, izinganekwane, noma izindaba zomdabu.
Izidalwa zezinganekwane nezimangalisayo: phakathi kwenganekwane nomcabango
I-Las izidalwa zezinganekwane ngokuvamile ziyizinhliziyo zalezi zindaba. Wonke amasiko asungule ezawo izinguqulo zezidalwa ezingavamile, kusukela kuma-elves nama-Dragons kuya emimoyeni evikelayo, abathakathi, nemidondoshiya. Lezi zibalo aziwona umphumela wenhlanhla: zivela esidingweni seqoqo sencazelo, induduzo noma isexwayiso.
Laba balingisi abane izimfanelo zemilingo, amakhono angenakwenzeka, kanye nemvelaphi engaphezu kwemvelo okuhlanganisa ukwesaba, izifiso noma amandla emvelo. Abanye banemvelo exubile (ingxenye yomuntu, ingxenye yesilwane), abanye bavela esibhakabhakeni, emanzini, emhlabeni noma ezindaweni ezilinganayo, kusukela izidalwa ethereal up imimoya evela ngale kwethuna.
Esimeni sanamuhla, lezi zidalwa seziphenduke abalingiswa emhlabeni wenganekwane, inganekwane yesayensi, kanye nesabekayo. Amamuvi, amahlaya, uchungechunge, nemidlalo yevidiyo idonsa ngokuqondile kulezi zibalo ukuze kwakhiwe indawo yonke ecebile negxilile, njengoba kwenzeka ngezinganekwane zika-Tolkien's Middle-earth noma izindaba ezimnyama zika-Guillermo del Toro.
Izindaba eziqhubeka nokukhuthaza: kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube namuhla
Kusukela ezinganekwaneni zika-Prometheus oweba umlilo waphezulu kuya kwizipoki zaseJapane nezaseKorea ezihlala ezindabeni zangaleso sikhathi, izincwadi zazi ukuthi zingadwetshwa kanjani kule mithombo ngaphandle kokuyiqeda amandla. Izinganekwane zasendulo zivela njalo ngezindlela ezintsha, ezivumelaniswe nezinto ezikhathazayo nezindikimba zamanje. Ungase futhi ufunde kabanzi mayelana izimfihlakalo zesikhala, okuvusa isithakazelo esifanayo kokungaziwa.
Imisebenzi efana nekaJoyce ethi "Ulysses" nekaTolkien ethi "The Lord of the Rings" ibonisa ukuthi izindaba zenganekwane zingashintshwa kanjani ukuze zivumelane nezimo zesimanje. Ngokwesibonelo, eSpain, sithola amaqoqo amaningi ezinganekwane zesifunda ezisivumela ukuthi sifunde ngazo ukunotha komcabango othandwayo kusukela kuwo wonke amagumbi ezwe. Ababhali abafana no-Chiki Fabregat, nomsebenzi wakhe ogxile ezindabeni zezifundazwe nezinganekwane, benze lezi zindaba zibonakale ngendlela yesimanje.
Okunye okuphawulekayo yizincwadi ezifana nethi "Les rondalles de sa Pobla" kanye nethi "29 rondalles meravelloses de Mallorca," ezihlanganisa amasiko axoxwayo kaMajorcan agcwele izidalwa zemilingo, abathakathi, nezimo ezijabulisayo. Lezi zinhlobo zamaqoqo azigcini nje ngokugcina amagugu amasiko, kodwa futhi zivumela ukuthi zihunyushwe kabusha futhi zigcinwe ziphila.
Inganekwane, umlando nesayensi: impambana-mgwaqo engagwemeki
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imibuzo eminingi eyayixoxwa yizinganekwane ezikhathini zasendulo isaphendulwa isayensi namuhla. Kodwa ukuphilisana phakathi kwezinganekwane nesayensi iyaqhubeka nokusebenza futhi inothisa. Izihloko ezifana ne-Atlantis ziyaqhubeka nokudala inkulumo-mpikiswano: Ingabe inganekwane noma ingabe ingafihla isisekelo esingaqinisekiswa seqiniso?
Izincwadi ezinjengethi "Atlantis: Keys to a Universal Heritage" noma "Atlantis: Science and History Under the Myth" ziphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuthi lezi zindaba kufanele zichithwe njengeziqanjiwe noma zithathwe njengeziqanjiwe. izindaba ezingokomfanekiso ezinezingxenye zangempela. Futhi, uma ufuna ukuhlola okwengeziwe mayelana nezimpicabadala zomlando, ungavakashela indatshana yethu ethi Okusungulwe nguLeonardo da Vinci.
Kungokufanayo nangezenzakalo ezinjengama-Northern Lights, izinganekwane zamadolobhana ashiyiwe, noma izimfihlakalo zamadolobha anjengeToledo neCórdoba, lapho inganekwane ihlangana khona nomlando ngisho ne-paranormal. Izihloko ezifana "Izimpicabadala Nezimfihlakalo Zase-Toledo" noma "Iziqephu Ezingaphezu Kwemvelo Zesikhathi Sakamuva Se-Franco" Babhala ukuphikelela kwemfihlakalo empilweni yansuku zonke edlule. Uma ufuna ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho mayelana nezigigaba ezithile zemvelo, vakashela izinto ezimangalisa kakhulu zemvelo.
Umngcele phakathi kwenganekwane neqiniso Ngaleyo ndlela iba yindawo evundile yokuqagela, izincwadi, icinema nocwaningo.
Ngale kwencwadi: izinganekwane nezinsumansumane emasikweni adumile
Namuhla, ithonya lezinganekwane lidlulela kumafomethi amaningi. I ukuguqulwa kwezincwadi, amahlaya, uchungechunge namafilimu nikeza lezi zibalo impilo yesibili. Ama-vampires, ama-Zombies, onkulunkulu baseNorse, izidalwa zasehlathini nezilo zakwalasha zichazwa kabusha kaninginingi.
Inganekwane kaHarry Potter, ngokwesibonelo, isuselwa ku-syncretism yezindaba zomhlaba wonke u-JK Rowling azi ukuthi azijwayelanisa kanjani nolimi lwabantu abasha namasiko angaleso sikhathi. Izinto zakudala ziphinde zacatshangelwa njengoba ama-centaur, ama-troll, abathakathi nezinyoka ezinomlingo zivela emhlabeni wesikole saseBrithani.
Ku-cinema, abantu abadumile bathola ukukhanga okungakaze kubonwe kanye nokulandisayo. Kusukela ekuphathweni kwesinema kwezinganekwane zamaGreki kuya ekudalweni okusha okugqugquzelwe izinganekwane zasempumalanga noma zomdabu, amathuba awapheli lapho ubuciko nobuchwepheshe buhlangana ukuze tshela okungajwayelekile.
Izidalwa zasenganekwaneni, izinganekwane, kanye nezindaba zemilingo ziyaqhubeka zidlala indima ebalulekile emiphakathini yethu, zisebenza njengamabhuloho phakathi kokubonakalayo nokungabonakali, phakathi kwezinto zansuku zonke nezingcwele. Ngabo, sihlola I-archetypes yendawo yonke, izingqinamba zabantu kanye nezimo ezingachazwanga. Ukuze ujule ezindabeni ezihlobene, vakashela indatshana yethu ethi izindaba ezivela Honduras.