Kunokuba ivezwe njengombukiso ojwayelekile "wobuciko benkolo", lo msebenzi uhlola indlela umdwebi ozalelwe eMalaga, umuntu ozivumayo ukuthi akekho uNkulunkulu kodwa wakhulela endaweni egxile kakhulu kubuKatolikaWasebenzisa izimpawu ezingcwele, izigcawu zeBhayibheli, kanye nezibonelo zokukhulekela ukwakha ulimi lwakhe. Umphumela uba umbono ophelele womsebenzi wakhe, ngaphandle kokulahla ubukhali, osimema ukuba sibheke uPicasso ngombono mhlawumbe ongajwayelekile: lowo wakhe ubukhulu obungokomoya, bobuntu kanye nobedlulele.
Ukuvulwa kwesikhungo kanye nokusekelwa yiSonto kanye nohulumeni
Umbukiso uvulwe ngokusemthethweni e- Igumbi likaBeato Valentín Palencia kusukela eKhathedrali ngu INdlovukazi Yakhe Ehloniphekile uSofiaUkuba khona kwakhe kugcizelele ukubaluleka kwamasiko alo msebenzi futhi kwabeka uBurgos emkhakheni wezobuciko besimanje wamazwe ngamazwe. Abanye ababambe iqhaza kulo mcimbi... UCardinal José Tolentino de Mendonça, umphathi weDicastery for Culture and Education of the Holy See, futhi UBernard Ruiz-Picasso, umzukulu womculi kanye nomongameli ohlangene we- Isisekelo Sobuciko sika-Almine noBernard Ruiz-Picasso (FABA), ephelezelwa I-Almine Rech.
Umbhishobhi Omkhulu waseBurgos, uMonsignor Mario Iceta Gavicagogeascoa, wamukele ababekhona ngevidiyo, lapho achaza khona lo mbukiso njengesahluko esisha engxoxweni yomlando phakathi kwe- Isonto lombhishobhi iBurgos kanye namasiko. Ukhumbule ukuthi ithempeli, selokhu kwabekwa itshe lalo lesisekelo nguSaint Ferdinand, liye lamukela izitayela zobuciko ezilandelanayo “njengento ephilayo” nokuthi manje selizivulela ithuba indalo yangaleso sikhathi ngesandla sombhali omkhulu njengoPicasso.
Umcimbi wokuvula ubuhanjelwe yithimba elikhulu lezikhungo: umbhishobhi omkhulu ozimele UFidel Herráez Vegas, iSithunywa Sikahulumeni eCastile naseLeón Nicanor Sen Vélez, imeya yaseBurgos UCristina Ayala Santamaría, uNgqongqoshe Wezamasiko Kahulumeni Wesifunda UGonzalo Santonja Gómez-Ageroumshushisi omkhulu waseCastile naseLeón I-Santiago Mena Cerdá kanye nomongameli weMkhandlu Wesifundazwe saseBurgos UBorja Suárez Pedrosa, ngaphezu kwamalungu e- Inhlangano Kamasipala, iziphathimandla zezomthetho, abasebenzi bezempi kanye nabameleli beMikhosi Yezokuphepha Kahulumeni kanye namaQembu.
Umphakathi webhizinisi nawo wawukhona, kanye nokukhona kuka U-Antonio Garamendi Lecanda, umongameli we-CEOE, kanye nabamele izinhlangano ezixhasayo: Isisekelo seCaja de Burgos, I-Caixabank FoundationAmahhotela e-AC kanye ne-Recoletas Salud. Bonke basekela uhlelo oluhlanganiswe nemicimbi ye- Isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-950 sokudluliswa kwe-episcopal see kusuka e-Oca kuya eBurgosukunikeza idolobha i- ukunikezwa kwamasiko okugxile eYurophu.
Umbukiso ongakaze ubonwe: UPicasso ungena eCathedral
Ukukhethwa kwemisebenzi kuvezwe ku I-Picasso. Izimpande ZeBhayibheli yakhiwe Izingxenye ze-44 Phakathi kwemidwebo, imidwebo, kanye nemifanekiso eqoshiwe, kusukela ezigabeni ezahlukene zomsebenzi womculi, kusukela ebusheni bakhe kuya ekuqaleni kwawo-1960, kukhona: Abangu-31 bangamalungu e-FABA Foundation, kuyilapho ezinye zibolekwe yi- I-Musée National Picasso-Paris, the I-Picasso Museum yase-Barcelona, the IPicasso Museum Malaga, the UMuseo Reina Sofía, the I-Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum, the Imyuziyamu yaseMontserrat kanye neqoqo langasese.
Inhloko ye-Modern Painting Conservation e-Thyssen Museum, UPaloma AlarcóUngumgcini wombukiso futhi ugcizelele ubuqambi balesi siphakamiso: Okokuqala ngqa umbukiso omkhulu wePicasso uhlelwe esontweni elikhuluNgokusho kwakhe, inhloso yakhe akukhona ukubiza umsebenzi kaPicasso ngokuthi “ungowenkolo,” kodwa ukugxila endleleni Imidwebo yezithombe zobuKristu futhi izinkomba zeBhayibheli zixhumene nezindaba zabo zomuntu siqu kanye nemisebenzi yobuciko.
Imisebenzi iboniswa ku- Igumbi likaBeato Valentín Palencia kanye nengxenye yendlu engezansi, indawo ehlonyiswe nge intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ukuze kubanjwe imibukiso esezingeni eliphezuluUmphakathi ungavakashela umbukiso kusukela mhla zi-3 kuNdasa kuya kumhla zingama-29 kuNhlangulana, 2026ngamahora anwetshiwe, kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya ngeSonto, 9:30 to 18:45 amahoraLokhu kwenza kube lula ukufika kwezivakashi zendawo kanye nezivakashi zezwe kanye nezamazwe ngamazwe.
Ubumongameli beNdlovukazi uSofia kanye nokusekelwa kuka UMkhandlu Wedolobha, lo I-Archdiocese yaseBurgosI-Junta de Castilla y León, uMkhandlu Wedolobha kanye noMkhandlu Wesifundazwe baqinisa ubizo lwalo mbukiso njengoba iphrojekthi ehlanganisiwe, lapho izikhungo zesonto, abaphathi kanye nemizamo yangasese kuhlangana khona ngenhloso efanayo: ukuletha ifa likaPicasso eduze komphakathi jikelele kusuka ohlangothini olusha.
Izahluko eziyisithupha zokufunda iBhayibheli emsebenzini kaPicasso
Indlela yombukiso ihlelwe ngo- izahluko eziyisithupha ezinezihloko okusebenza njengohlobo "lwe-mosaic" lwezisusa zeBhayibheli nezobuKristu emsebenzini kaPicasso. UPaloma Alarcó ucabangele lesi sakhiwo ukukhombisa ukuthi, eminyakeni eminingi edlule, lo mdwebi wayenjani ukuhumusha kabusha isiko lenkolo ngenkathi ngizama izilimi ezintsha zepulasitiki.
Indawo yokuqala, Imfundo yenkoloIgxila eminyakeni yokukhula, lapho uPablo Ruiz osemusha, efunda khona Umndeni wamaKatolika eSpain ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19Ngifunde kothisha abafana no UJosé Garnelo Alda, umdwebi wezihloko ezingcwele. Isebenza njenge Umfana wase-altare (1896), lapho eveza khona i-acolyte egqoke isigqoko kanye ne-surplice ngesikhathi senkonzo, ubonisa lokhu kuxhumana okuqondile ne- izithombe zokukhulekela kanye nomkhosi wamaKatolika.
Isahluko sesibili, UkukhulelwaKuphathelene nokuzalwa kwendodana yakhe uPaulo kanye nendima yomkakhe U-Olga Khokhlova njengemodeli ephindaphindayo. Ngezicucu ezifana Ukukhulelwa (1921), ekhethwe njengesithombe esifanekisela umbukiso, uPicasso udweba u-Olga ephethe umntwana ezingalweni zakhe, ephinda ebukeza Izithombe zakudala zeNkosazana Nomntwana esikuthola kubaculi abanjengo-El Greco, uMurillo noma u-Alonso Cano, kodwa okuhlungiwe ngokubuka okuseduze nokwesimanje.
Ngaphansi kwesihloko I-VanitasIsahluko sesithathu sigxila ezintweni eziphilayo ezinganyakazi njengendawo yokuzindla ukuhamba kwesikhathi, ukufa, kanye nobuthakathaka bomuntu. Umdlalo Impilo ethule enekhanda kanye nezimpungushe ezintathu (1947) iqalisa kabusha inqubo yendabuko memento mori Kusukela embonweni wesimanje wamaCubist. Etafuleni kuhlelwe ugebhezi kanye nama-sea urchin, abanye ochwepheshe abawaxhumanisa ngokomfanekiso ne- Umqhele kaKristu wameva, engxoxweni phakathi kokunciphisa okusemthethweni kanye nesisindo esingokomfanekiso.
Indawo yesine, IGolgotha, ikhuluma ngesihloko se- Ukubethelwa kanye nosizi lukaKristu ngemisebenzi ethonywe ukuzibulala komngane wakhe UCarles Casagemas kanye nezinkomba ezifana ne- Ukubethelwa nguMatthias Grünewald. Kulezi zingcezu, uCasagemas ubonakala evezwe cishe njengoKristu onegazi, ezigcawini ezivusa amadlingozi kakhulu ezibikezela izithombe ezizobonakala ku- GuernicaImidwebo efana Umama onengane eshonile (1937) ufingqa i-iconography ye- Pietil ngesimo sokusola ubudlova bempi, omama nezingane njengezisulu.
Isahluko sesihlanu, Isithonjana sikaVera, isebenzelana ne- Izithombe kanye nokuthanda kukaPicasso ubuso bomuntu, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yakhe yokugcina. Imisebenzi efana nethi Ikhanda lendoda (1971) babonisa indlela ahlukanisa futhi ahlanganise ngayo izici esebenzisa amaphethini ejometri, njengokungathi isithombe ngasinye siyindwangu ephethe umkhondo, ekhumbuza Isembozo sikaVeronicaLo mbukiso usikisela ukuthi, kuPicasso, imidwebo yezithombe iwuhlobo oluthile lwesithombe ukubambelela ekubeni khona lapho ubhekene nokulahlekelwa.
Ingxenye yokugcina, Ithemba, igxile eminyakeni ye IYurophu empiniNjengoba amaNazi ayehlasela iParis njengesizinda, uPicasso wadala imidwebo nemifanekiso eqoshiwe yaleso sikhathi. indoda enemvu ezingalweni zayoUkuchazwa kabusha kwesimanje koMalusi Omuhle wamaKristu okuqala, okuguqulwe kwaba umfanekiso wokuthula nensindiso. Kanye nale misebenzi, udumo lwakhe amajuba, okubhekisela esiqeshini soMkhumbi kaNowa kanye nomqondo wesiqalo esisha; esinye sazo, Ijuba ElindizayoKwasebenza njengesithombe sama-Peace Congresses, kuhlanganisa ijuba njenge uphawu lomhlaba wonke lokubuyisana.
Ingxoxo ethelayo phakathi kokholo, isiko kanye nobuciko besimanje
Enkulumweni yakhe, UCardinal José Tolentino de Mendonça Wagcizelela ukuthi, eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu ngemva kokufa komdwebi, esinye sezici zikaPicasso ezingakahlolwa kakhulu yiso sakhe. imibuzo ejulile mayelana nokudlulaNgisho noma ezibiza ngokuthi akanalo ukholo, akazange azihlukanise “nesisekelo esingokomfanekiso” sesiko leBhayibheli nelobuKristu, elisebenza njenge isakhiwo esijulile sokuzwela kwakhe, enakekelwa yinkonzo yokukhulekela, izithombe ezingcwele kanye nemifanekiso yamaKatolika yobuntwana bakhe.
Kumongameli weDicastery for Culture and Education, umbukiso obanjwe yiBurgos Cathedral uyinto ethokozisayo. isibonelo sengxoxo yamasiko yangempelaUmsebenzi wethempeli nokaPicasso, ngaphandle kokungqubuzana, ukhanyisana ngokuphakamisa imibuzo ejulile mayelana nencazelo yokuphila, ukuhlupheka, ubuzalwane, nethemba. Waveza ukuthi, ngezicucu ezifana Guernica, umzimba kaKristu uba uhlobo lokuhlupheka kwabantu, nokuthi abaningi Ukubeletha kukaPicasso bheka i-iconography ye- Theotokos, uMama kaNkulunkulu.
Ikhadinali igcizelele ukuthi uhambo luphetha ngokunembile ngesihloko se- ithemba, emelelwa yizibalo ezifana ne- Indoda enezimvu kanye namajuba, avela kuyo yonke imisebenzi kaPicasso njengezifanekiso zokuthula nokubuyisana. Egameni likaPapa, wakhuthaza ukukhuthazwa okuqhubekayo kwalolu hlobo lwezinhlelo ezixhumanisa Izimpande zobuKristu namasiko esimanje, beqiniseka ukuthi "umbono wesikhathi eside" ubalulekile ukuze kuqashelwe ukujula okungokomoya zikhona ngisho nakubadali abazichaza njengabangewona amakholwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, UMario Iceta Ugcizelele ukuthi igumbi leValentín Palencia, elivuselelwe ngokwemigomo yamanje yeminyuziyamu, liwuphawu lokuzimisela kweSonto laseBurgos ukuzivulela lona izinhlobo ezintsha zokuxoxisana nobucikoWachaza lo mbukiso njengendawo yokuhlangana phakathi kokholo namasiko, ubuhle neqiniso, ubuciko nomphefumulo, ngokuvumelana ngokugcwele nendima yomlando yeKhathedrali njengendawo yokugxila ekudalweni kobuciko.
Futhi UBernard Ruiz-Picasso Wayefuna ukugcizelela ubudlelwano bukamkhulu wakhe nesikhathi esidlule. Ngokombono wakhe, uPicasso "wasebenzisa imvelaphi yakhe ukudala isipho esivulekele ikusasa," futhi yize avukela inkolo yezikhungo, walondoloza isimo sengqondo sokuthi isifiso esingokomoya kanye nokuzibophezela ekuthuleni nasekuhlaleni ndawonye. Uqaphele ukuthi ukuhamba kwesikhathi manje kusenza sikwazi ukusondela emsebenzini wakhe ngalombono ongaphezu kovamile, owahlala ungaziwa iminyaka eminingi.
Ithonya lemfundo yamaKatolika kanye nohambo "olungabonakali" oluya eBurgos
Izihluthulelo eziningi ze- I-Picasso. Izimpande ZeBhayibheli Zingatholakala kumlando womculi. Ngaphambi kokuba elinye lamagama amakhulu ka- Ubuciko bekhulu lama-XNUMX, iphayona le-cubism kanye nomuntu oyinhloko we-avant-garde, UPablo Ruiz-Picasso Wayengumntwana owakhulela endaweni enabantu abaningi ubuKatolika obujulileWaya eMiseni nonina eMalaga, kwathi kamuva eBarcelona, ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe esikoleni saseLa Llotja kwenzeka lapho ukudweba izithombe zenkolo kwakusanethonya elikhulu.
Umphathi, uPaloma Alarcó, uveza ukuthi ebucikweni bukaPicasso "akukho okumsulwa", kodwa kuxubene kakhulu: Izinganekwane zamaGreki namaRoma, isiko lamaJuda namaKristu, isiko elidumile, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu Ziyahlangana ngaphandle kwezigaba eziqinile. Ngakho-ke, imisebenzi eminingi engafundwa njengeyezwe iqukethe ukuzwakala kweBhayibheli noma ukuphindaphindwa kwezithombe zokukhulekela ahlangana nazo ebusheni bakhe.
Ukukhethwa kweBurgos njengendawo yalo mbukiso akuyona into eyenzekile ngengozi. Lo mdwebi uvakashele idolobha e 1934, ohambweni oluyimfihlo lapho avakashela khona, phakathi kwezinye izindawo, i Isonto lombhishobhi iBurgosLolo hambo, okugcinwe isithombe salo nomkakhe u-Olga nendodana yakhe uPaulo, lwaluyingxenye yokubuya kwakhe kokugcina eSpain, ohlelweni lohambo olwaluhlanganisa futhi ISan Sebastián, iMadrid, iToledo neBarcelonaNamuhla, eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye kamuva, imisebenzi yakhe ibuyela esontweni laseBurgos ukuze iqale umsebenzi wokwakha ingxoxo eqondile nezakhiwo zayo zeGothic kanye nefa lenkolo.
Ukulandisa okuningana, okuhlanganisa nokukamzukulu wakhe, kusikisela ukuthi uPicasso wabhala ngokucophelela izikhathi ezibalulekile empilweni yakhe, okuchaza ukuthi kungani irekhodi lezithombe zalolo hambo ligcinwe. Kodwa-ke, akukho mkhondo walokho emaphephandabeni angaleso sikhathi, okukhuthaza umqondo wokuthi uhambo "lwe-incognito" okuyinto manje ethatha incazelo entsha ngenxa yalo mbukiso.
Ngamazwi abahleli, lo mbukiso uhlose nokubeka amaBurgos endaweni imephu yamazwe ngamazwe yezokuvakasha kwamasikoSisebenzisa amandla angokomfanekiso eCathedral—indawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba—kanye nethonya elikhulu likaPicasso eYurophu nasemhlabeni wonke, ukuhlanganiswa kwesithonjana sobuciko besimanje nesinye sezikhulu ezinkulu zeGothic zezwekazi kunikeza ukukhanga okuyingqayizivele kokubili izivakashi zaseSpain nezakwamanye amazwe.
UbuNtu, impi nethemba: uPicasso ogcwele okungcwele
Labo abavakashela igumbi laseValentín Palencia bazothola inkulumo engafihli ukuphikisana komculiUPicasso wayengumKhomanisi, wazibiza ngokuthi akakholwa, futhi wayegxeka izici ezithile zesiko lamaKatolika, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo imisebenzi yakhe igcwele ubuciko obunamandla. izinto ezingokomoya nezokuziphathaUmgcini wezincwadi ukhuluma ngisho nangomuntu “ongakholelwa kuNkulunkulu ozinikele kakhulu” oguqula ukungezwani phakathi kokholo nokungabaza kube yizinto zobuciko.
Umbukiso ugxile ezindikimbeni eziningana eziyinhloko: ubumama kanye nobufazi, lo ukudlula kwesikhathi sokuphila, lo ubudlova bempi, lo ukufa kanye nobunikazi bomuntu siqu ekugcineni i ithembaEkushintsheni kusuka ekubeni ngumama onokuthula kuya koomama abaphethe izingane ezifile kumongo GuernicaIqukethe umbono obuhlungu ngekhulu lama-20 eYurophu, egcwele izingxabano kanye nobushiqela.
Isahluko se IGolgotha Futhi imisebenzi ehlobene nokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu eGuernica iwubonisa kahle lo mkhakha. Izibalo ezikhubazekile, ukukhala okuthulile, kanye nemizimba ephukile kubhekisela ngokusobala ku- isithonjana se-PassionKodwa kudluliselwe endaweni ebhujisiwe yempi yanamuhla. Umgcini ugcizelela ukuthi lo mbono usasebenza ngokuphelele, kangangokuthi "lokho uPicasso akudwebayo sisakubona emaphephandabeni namuhla."
Ngokuphambene nalokho, isigaba esinikezelwe ku- Ithemba Iqinisekisa ikhono lobuciko lokukhomba indlela yokubuyisana. Izithombe zika Malusi Omuhle Futhi amajuba andiza ngemidwebo kaPicasso kanye nama-lithograph awawona nje ama-motifs okuhlobisa: ahlanganisa ukuzibophezela ekuthuleni kanye nekusasa elihlukile ngeYurophu ngemva kokubhujiswa yimpi. Ngakho-ke, lo mbukiso uphetha ngomyalezo othi, nakuba ungeyona inkolo kuphela, uxhumene eduze nomkhathi weBhayibheli wensindiso kanye nokuqala okusha.
Labo abaphethe iphrojekthi baphikelela ukuthi I-Picasso. Izimpande ZeBhayibheli Akuyona nje umcimbi omkhulu wobuciko, kodwa futhi kuyisimemo sokuba cabanga ngesikhathi sethuUkuhlanganiswa kwesiko nokuhlukana, ukungezwani phakathi kwezinto ezingcwele nezingcolile, kanye nokufuna incazelo phakathi kokungaqiniseki kusalokhu kuyizinkinga ezibalulekile. E-Burgos Cathedral, le mibuzo ithinta amafasitela anombala, izitsha ze-altare, kanye nezakhiwo ze-Gothic, kuyilapho imisebenzi kaPicasso, ngaphandle kokuphikiswa, iphakamisa izindlela ezintsha zokubheka ukholo, umlando, kanye nesimo somuntu.
