El Izindawo eziphakeme zaseChile Kungenye yezindawo ezibonakala sengathi zifanele enye iplanethi: amathafa angaphezu kwamamitha angu-3.800 ngaphezu kolwandle, izintaba-mlilo ezimbozwe yiqhwa, amachibi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye nemizana emincane lapho isikhathi sibonakala simile khona. Kulesi sihloko, uzothola Umhlahlandlela ophelele wezindawo ezikhangayo okumele uzibonele zasezintabeni zaseChile, ukuxuba imvelo yasendle, imithombo yamanzi ashisayo, amadolobhana ayigugu, izilwane zase-Andean kanye namasiko agcinwe ephila amakhulu eminyaka.
Ngaphandle kwamakhadi eposi ajwayelekile, ithafa eliphakeme liyindawo enabantu abaningi. Izindaba zase-Aymara, imizila yamakoloni, izimayini ze-saltpeter eziyizipoki, kanye nezindawo ezingalindelekile zokuphuza amanzi Phakathi nogwadule olomile kakhulu emhlabeni. Uma uhlela uhambo olude oluya enyakatho yeChile noma ufuna nje ukuphupha ngeholide lakho elilandelayo, nansi yonke into ongeke uyiphuthelwe, echazwe ngokuningiliziwe futhi enamathiphu amaningi asebenzayo okukusiza ukuthi usebenzise kahle uhambo lwakho.
Iyini i-Altiplano yaseChile futhi ikuphi?
Uma sikhuluma ngethafa eliphakeme, sibhekisela ku- ithafa elikhulu lase-Andean elidlula eChile, eBolivia, ePeru nase-Argentinaendaweni ephakeme cishe ngamamitha angu-3.800 ngaphezu kolwandle. Endabeni yaseChile, lo mdwebo utholakala enyakatho yezwe, kusukela eSifundeni sase-Arica naseParinacota ngaseningizimu, okwakha ingxenye ye-Altiplano edumile yase-Andean.
Enyakatho yeChile, cishe esifundazweni saseChañaral, i-Andes iphakama njenge- inqwaba enkulu ebhekene nokucindezeleka okuphakathiUmphumela uba yindiza enkulu ethambekele lapho kuhlangana khona izintaba-mlilo, amathafa anosawoti, izindawo ezimanzi, amachibi, imihosha kanye nemizana emincane ebonakala ilahlekile ngobukhulu.
Nakuba isimo sezulu sibonakala ngokuba imvula eyomile kakhulu futhi inemvula encaneIzindawo eziphakeme zaseChile ziyikhaya lezinto eziphilayo ezimangalisayo, okuhlanganisa izimbali zasezintabeniAmaVicuña, ama-alpaca, ama-guanaco, ama-flamingo, ama-coots, ama-vizcacha, ama-condor kanye nezinye izinyoni eziningi zasezintabeni zithola indawo yokukhosela lapha ezindaweni ezimanzi nasezindaweni eziphakeme zosawoti.
Izindawo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu zigxile kakhulu Isifunda sase-Arica nesaseParinacota (iLauca National Park, iLas Vicuñas National Reserve, iSalar de Surire Natural Monument, amadolobha afana nePutre noma iSocoroma) kanye, eningizimu, ezindaweni ezizungezile I-Iquique, i-Pica Oasis noma i-Huasco Salt Flat, ngaphezu kwezimayini ze-saltpeter ezine-chlorine kanye nemithombo yamanzi ashisayo efihliwe ezintabeni.
Ungafika kanjani futhi nini ukuya e-Altiplano yaseChile
Isango elivame kakhulu eliya ethafeni eliphezulu yi- idolobha lase-AricaIQuito, eqanjwe ngokuthi idolobha lentwasahlobo yaphakade ngenxa yesimo sezulu sayo esithambile. Kunezindiza eziqondile ezivela eSantiago, futhi uma usufikile lapho, ungakwazi qasha imoto ukuze wenze umzila ngokwakho noma uqashe izinkambo ezihleliwe eziya ePutre, eLauca National Park kanye naseSurire Salt Flat.
Enye indlela ukusebenzisa I-Iquique njengesisekeloikakhulukazi uma umbono wakho ukuhlanganisa ithafa eliphakeme nezimayini ze-saltpeter, ama-oasis afana ne-Pica, iziphethu ezishisayo zaseMamiña, amachibi ahlukile afana ne-Laguna Roja, noma izindawo ezivikelwe njenge- Ifulethi likasawoti iHuasco kanye nePampa del Tamarugal National Reserve. Ukusuka e-Iquique, unemigwaqo egandayiwe eya ngaphakathi kanye nokukhethwa okuhle kohambo oluqondisiwe.
Ngokuphathelene nesikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuhamba, izindawo eziphakeme zaseChile zingavakashelwa unyaka wonke Ngenxa yokushisa kwayo okuhle emini, okuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-15 no-26°C. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kukaNovemba noMashi isimo sezulu sivame ukuba ngcono kwezokuvakasha, kucatshangelwa njalo lokho okubizwa ngokuthi Ubusika baseBolivia (izimvula zasehlobo ezingaletha amafu, iziphepho kanye neqhwa ezindaweni eziphakeme).
Abahambi abaningi bakhetha ukudlula ikwindla noma intwasahlobolapho amathuba emvula ephansi futhi indawo imangalisa. Kodwa-ke, amazinga okushisa ayancipha ebusuku, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuletha izingubo ezifudumele. izingubo ezifudumele kakhulu, isigqoko, amagilavu kanye nezendlalelo ezinhle zokushisa.
Kunoma ikuphi, ngemizila edlula emapaki nasezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla kufanele uhlole Ulwazi olusemthethweni kuwebhusayithi ye-CONAFlapho uzothola khona ulwazi olusha mayelana nokufinyelela, izimvume, izindlela ezivulekile kanye nokuvalwa kwesikhashana okungenzeka.
Ukulungiselela namathiphu okuphakama
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ezikhungweni zaseChile yi- kokuwaIzindawo eziningi ozozivakashela zitholakala ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-4.000 ngaphezu kolwandle, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukuthi uphumule futhi uhloniphe inqubo yokujwayela ukuze ugweme isifo sokuphakama noma I-Pune.
Into enconywayo okufanele uyenze ukusebenzisa imali izinsuku ezimbalwa ziyanda kancane kancaneIsibonelo, kusukela e-Arica (cishe ogwini lolwandle), umqondo omuhle kakhulu ukulala kuqala emadolobheni aphakathi kwamamitha angu-2.500 no-3.500, njengeSocoroma noma iPutre, ngaphambi kokuya ngqo eLake Chungará noma eSurire Salt Flat.
Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke, noma ungomile, kuyasiza kakhulu: hydration njalo Kuyisihluthulelo sokunciphisa imiphumela yokuphakama. Iziqondiso eziningi zendawo nazo zincoma itiye le-coca, okuvame kakhulu endaweni, okuthathwa ngokudla okuncane futhi kusiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki okuncane.
Kubalulekile ukuhamba kancane, ugweme ukuzikhandla okungazelelwe emahoreni ambalwa okuqala endaweni ngayinye ephakeme futhi Ungadli ukudla okunzima kakhulu Ngaphambi nje kokukhuphuka. Uma uke wabhekana nesifo sokuphakama (isibonelo, ezindaweni zokubhukuda zaseTatio noma kwezinye izindawo eziphakeme), kungcono ukuxoxa ngalokhu nomqondisi wakho futhi, uma kudingeka, thintana nodokotela ngaphambi kohambo.
Abaqhubi bezokuvakasha ezindaweni eziphakeme bavame ukujwayelana kakhulu nalezi zinkinga futhi bathatha izinyathelo ezithile zokujwayela: ukuma okuphakathi nendawo ezindaweni zokubona, ukuhamba okufushane ezindaweni eziphakeme ezahlukene kanye nezincomo eziqhubekayo mayelana nomswakama kanye nesivinini sokuhamba.
Amadolobhana asezintabeni e-Arica naseParinacota Region
Isifunda sase-Arica kanye nesaseParinacota sigxile kwezinye zezindawo Amadolobhana amahle kakhulu asezintabeni anenani elikhulu kakhulu lefa yaseChile. Eziningi zazo zaziyingxenye yemizila yakudala yamakoloni futhi namuhla zixhunywe kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi Umzila Wemisebenzi, uhlelo lohambo oluhlanganisa amasonto ase-Andean angaphezu kuka-30 akhiwe phakathi kwekhulu le-16 nele-17.
Le ndlela, eyaxhumanisa inganekwane I-Potosí (eBolivia) kanye nechweba lase-Arica, kwakuyindawo ebalulekile yokuthutha isiliva nezinye izimbiwa. Amakamu ezilwane ezithwele imithwalo ayewela imini nobusuku, futhi endleleni kwavela amadolobhana amancane amukelayo anezindlu zamasonto zamatshe, i-adobe, nophahla olufulelwe ngotshani ezisasebenza nanamuhla.
Namuhla, amaningi ala mathempeli abe ibuyiselwe futhi ivulekele ezokuvakashaenikeza inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezakhiwo zamakoloni, ubuciko obungcwele, kanye nethonya lase-Andean. Ukusuka e-Arica, ungabhukha izinkambo eziya phezulu ku- Poconchile, Socoroma, Putre, Belén, Ticnamar, Visviri kanye neminye imizi eminingi ebonakala ivaliwe ngesikhathi.
I-Socoroma, idolobha okufanele ulijwayele
I-Socoroma itholakala e- Isifundazwe saseParinacota, cishe ngamamitha angu-3.000 ngaphezu kolwandleLokhu kwenza kube yindawo efanele yokuqala yokujwayela ukuphakama uma umgomo wakho olandelayo kuyiLake Chungará noma iLauca National Park.
Leli dolobhana elincane, elivela ngaphambi kweColumbian, kamuva lathathwa amaSpanishi, futhi Isonto lisukela cishe ngo-1560Indawo yasemadolobheni igcina umuzwa ojulile wamakoloni, enemigwaqo emincane enamatshe, eminye yayo eyayisetshenziswa ngaphambili kumahhashi abagibela iminyuzi ababewela indawo.
La Isonto lesan franciscoIsonto, elakhiwe nge-adobe namatshe aqoshiwe futhi lavuselelwa ngo-1883, lingenye yezimpawu zalo ezinkulu. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kunethonya elicacile lamaHispanic futhi lihlanganyela izici nezinye izindlu eziningi enyakatho yeChile, ezakhiwe ngokuyinhloko nge-adobe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iSocoroma yaziwa ezweni lonke ngenxa yengoma "Umgwaqo oya eSocoroma", eyenziwa yiqembu i-Los Yanacochas ku-Viña del Mar Festival ngo-1988.
I-Putre, idolobha lase-Andean eliphakathi kwezinganekwane nezintaba
I-Putre iphakama phansi kwezintaba zangaphambi kwe-Andean, cishe Amamitha angama-3.500 ngaphezu kogu lolwandleIsebenza njengenhloko-dolobha yangempela yezivakashi zezintaba zase-Arica naseParinacota. Imizila eminingi eya eLauca National Park, eCotacotani Lagoons, kanye naseSurire Salt Flat isuka lapha.
Isimo sedolobhana sivumela ukuhambahamba kancane: imigwaqo enodaka neyamatshe, izindlu eziphansi, izikwele ezithule kanye nesonto elinomlando (ISonto lasePutre, elisukela cishe ngo-1690) liyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sezakhiwo zenkolo zase-Andean. Futhi liyindawo ephelele yokuxoxa nabantu bendawo nokufunda mathupha nge- Izinganekwane zama-Aymara izintaba-mlilo ezivikelayo, imimoya eqaphayo, kanye nothando olungenakwenzeka.
Abahambi abaningi bahlala ezindaweni zokuhlala ezilula kodwa ezamukelayo, njengezindlu zangasese kanye nezindlu zokuhlala ezisezintabeni, Amanzi ashisayo, ukushisa kukagesi kanye nesidlo sasekuseni esihle ukuqala uhambo lwakho ulungiselele kahle. Iminikelo yokudla yasendaweni igxile ezitsheni eziqukethe i-quinoa, ummbila, inyama ye-alpaca, i-passionfruit (isithelo esivamile) kanye nezinye izinto ezikhethekile zasezintabeni.
Okuhlangenwe nakho okubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abahamba kule ndawo kuwukuvakashela amadolobhana amancane njengeMallkuYakhiwe ngabahambi abambalwa abanquma ukuhlala cishe amamitha angu-3.100 bebodwa, inikeza izivakashi isinkwa esenziwe ekhaya kanye netiye le-coca. Lokhu kuhlangana kuvumela umuntu ukuthi axhumane nefilosofi yokuphila yase-Andean, esekelwe ekuhlonipheni imvelo kanye nokuhamba kancane kwempilo.
ILauca National Park, iLake Chungará kanye neCotacotani Lagoons
El Ipaki Kazwelonke yaseLauca Akungabazeki ukuthi ingenye yengcebo enkulu yemvelo yezintaba zaseChile. Indawo Yokugcina Izinto Eziphilayo YomhlabaItholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-4.500 futhi iyikhaya lezindawo ezihlanganisa amachibi, izintaba-mlilo, izindawo ezimanzi kanye nobubanzi bezindawo zotshani eziphakeme.
Le paki itholakala Ichibi iChungaraILake Titicaca, ebhekwa njengelinye lamachibi aphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni, itholakala cishe ngamamitha angu-4.500 ngaphezu kolwandle, inendawo engaphezulu kwamakhilomitha-skwele angaphezu kuka-21. Izungezwe yizintaba ezinkulu. Izintaba-mlilo zaseParinacota nasePomerape, eyaziwa ngokuthi amaPayachata (abafowabo ababili), ngaphezu kwezinye iziqhwaga ezifana nentaba yaseSajama embozwe yiqhwa kanye nentaba-mlilo yaseGuallatiri eseduze.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwamanzi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ajulile, iziqongo ezimbozwe yiqhwa, kanye nezilwane zasendle ezizulazulayo kwenza ukuvakasha kube yinto ejabulisayo. Ungabuka eduze kwechibi ama-alpaca, ama-llama, ama-vicuña, ama-guanaco, izimpungushe, ama-puma angaziwa kanye nezinyoni ezifana ne-condor, i-rhea kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-flamingo ezisebenzisa ama-peat bog aseduze kanye namaxhaphozi.
Okulandelayo kancane yi- AmaLagoon aseCotacotanUchungechunge lwezindawo zamanzi ezixhumene ezitholakala cishe ngamakhilomitha amane ukusuka eLake Chungará, ngaphakathi kwepaki efanayo. Ziyindawo ephelele yokwenza ukuhamba ngezinyawo usuku lonke, ngemizila evame ukuba phakathi kwamakhilomitha angu-9 kuya kwangu-10 ubude, edlula ezindaweni zokubuka ezinemibono emihle kakhulu yeqembu lamachibi nezintaba-mlilo.
Isincomo esivamile ukuvakashela iLauca namachibi ayo izinkambo eziqondisiweNjengoba ukuphakama kudinga kakhulu, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uhambe nochwepheshe abayaziyo indawo, abangakwazi ukulawula izikhathi, futhi bazi ukuthi bangasabela kanjani kunoma yiziphi izimpawu zokugula ukuphakama.
I-Las Vicuñas National Reserve kanye ne-Surire Salt Flat
Eduze neLauca National Park kunwebeka I-Las Vicuñas National ReserveIndawo evikelwe engamahektha angaphezu kuka-200.000 evikela izindawo ezinotshani eziningi kanye namanzi abalulekile ezilwaneni zase-Andean. Njengoba igama layo lisho, ingenye yezindawo izindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokubuka ama-vicuñas endaweni yazo yemvelo, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zase-Andean njenge-puna armadillo, i-puna guinea pig, noma idada lase-Andean.
Indawo yokugcina izinto iyindawo yamasiko, lapho kugcinwa khona izinto Imiphakathi yama-Aymara enamasiko okhokho Njengoba kuhlobene nokufuya amakamela, ukulima ezindaweni eziphakeme, kanye namasiko enkolo, ukuthula kwendawo ezungezile kwenza kube indawo efanelekile kulabo abafuna ukuhlukaniswa ngokuphelele kanye nokuxhumana okujulile nemvelo.
Emaphakathi nezwe, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-4.000, kukhona i- Ifulethi likasawoti laseSurireIsikhumbuzo semvelo sobuhle obumangalisayo. Ubuso baso obumhlophe, obunosawoti bubonisa isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okudala leyo mibono ephawulekayo yekhadi leposi lethafa eliphakeme. Lapha kubukhoma izinhlobo ezintathu zama-flamingo (eChile, e-Andean kanye nekaJames), ezidla emachibini anosawoti.
Indawo ecishe ibe yimpoqo yokuma ngaphakathi kwalesi sikhumbuzo ukuvakashela I-Polloquere Hot SpringsLawa machibi aziwa ngamanzi awo ashisayo acebile ngamaminerali, avela emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-60°C. Abahambi abaningi basebenzisa lawa machibi ukuze baphumule ngemva kwamahora amade besendleleni, kuyilapho becabanga ngokuthula okumangalisayo kwalawa machibi anosawoti.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezilwane zasendle, indawo ebabazekayo kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwemithombo yamanzi ashisayo kwenza iSalar de Surire ibe ngenye yezindawo ezikhangayo. izindawo eziphakeme zaseChile okufanele uziboneikakhulukazi uma uthanda izindawo ezikude nezingenabantu abaningi.
Imithombo eshisayo kanye ne-oasis yethafa eliphakeme: iJurasi, iMamiña, iPica kanye nePuritama
Ithafa eliphakeme kanye nemikhawulo yalo yezintaba kufihla inani elikhulu lezinto imithombo eshisayo kanye nezindawo zemvelo ezimanzi Zisebenza njengomvuzo ophelele ngemva kosuku olunzima lohambo oluphakeme. Ezinye ziseduze ne-Arica, ezinye ne-Iquique, kanti ezinye ne-San Pedro de Atacama, kodwa zonke zinomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamanzi afudumele nendawo ezungezile ehlane.
I-Jurasi Hot Springs, ukuphumula phakathi kwezintaba
Ibanga elifushane ukusuka eSocoroma, cishe Uhambo lwemizuzu engama-30,yizo I-Jurasi Hot SpringsUchungechunge lwamachibi amanzi afudumele enhliziyweni yemvelo. Luhlelo oluhle kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukuphumula imisipha yabo ngemva kosuku behlola ithafa eliphakeme kanye nezindawo ezizungezile.
Iziphethu ezishisayo zihlanganiswe endaweni enezigodi nemithambeka eyomile, futhi ezizungezile kunezimila eziningi. izinganekwane zendawoEnye yezindaba ezaziwa kakhulu ilandisa ngenkosazana yama-Inca engazange iguge ngenxa yamandla okuvuselela ala manzi, kuyilapho labo abaseduze nayo behlupheka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngaphandle kwebhavu elishisayo, kuneminye imisebenzi ongayenza endaweni ukuhamba okululaLokhu kwenza iJurasi ibe yindawo ephelele kakhulu yokuphumula usuku lonke ngaphakathi kwanoma yimuphi umzila odlula e-Arica nase-Parinacota.
I-Mamiña Hot Springs, yakudala eduze kwase-Iquique
Cishe amakhilomitha angu-125 ukusuka e-Iquique, etholakala phakathi kwamagquma nezigodi, kukhona i- I-Mamiña Hot Springs, etholakala esigodini esinegama elifanayo. Amanzi alo afinyelela cishe I-42 ºC Futhi sekuyisikhathi eside zinconywa ekwelapheni isifo samathambo, ubuhlungu bemisipha nezinkinga zesikhumba, noma nje ukuze ziphumule endaweni ethule yasemakhaya.
Ngaphandle kwamachibi ayo okushisa, iMamiña yaziwa ngezindawo zayo zokuphuza amanzi ashisayo Udaka lwaseShayinaUdaka lwamaminerali olusetshenziswa esikhumbeni njengohlobo lwe-spa yemvelo. Qedela ukuvakasha nge ISonto LaseSan Marcos, esukela ngo-1632 futhi igcina izithombe zemvelaphi yangaphambi kwama-Inca, kanye nethuba lokubona ama-petroglyphs endaweni ezungezile, ofakazi abathule bokuthi abantu basendulo babehlala esigodini.
I-Pica Oasis, imbali esihlabathini
Ihora nesigamu ngemoto ukusuka e-Iquique likhona I-Pica Oasisigama layo lisho ukuthi “imbali esihlabathini.” Futhi kuyafaneleka ngempela: phakathi nendawo eyomile enyakatho, leli dolobha libonakala njengepharadesi elincane lase- izivande zezithelo, izihlahla zezithelo kanye namachibi okubhukuda ashisayo ngimatasa kakhulu ngabahambi kanye nabantu bendawo.
Enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu zePica yi- I-Cocha ResbaladeroIchibi lemvelo eliphakathi kwamatshe, elinemihume emibili lapho kuvela khona imithombo yamanzi afudumele, lilungele ukucwilisa okuqabulayo. Ukuhambahamba edolobhaneni nakho kuyathandeka: izindlu ezivamile zakhiwe ngokhuni olufakwe eGuayaquil cane, okulondoloza ukwakheka kwendabuko.
La ISonto LaseSan AndrésYakhiwa phakathi kuka-1880 no-1886, ingenye indawo ebalulekile yefa. I-Pica idume umhlaba wonke ngenxa yayo Ama-lemon e-PicaIncane, inamanzi kakhulu futhi ilungele ukulungiselela i-pisco sour yakudala yaseChile kangangokuthi abahambi abaningi bagcina beyizama ngemva kosuku lokushisa kanye nedamu lokubhukuda.
I-Puritama Hot Springs, indawo yokuphuphuma enkabeni ye-Atacama
Nakuba kakade sebesesimweni se- ISan Pedro de AtacamaAma-Puritama Hot Springs afanelana kahle nanoma yiluphi uhambo olude lwasezintabeni oluya eningizimu. Atholakala ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha angama-60 ukusuka eSan Pedro, enkabeni yogwadule olomile kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi afinyeleleka kalula ngomgwaqo.
Inkimbinkimbi yakhiwa amachibi ayisishiyagalombili amanzi afudumele, amamineraliIlungele imibhangqwana kanye nemindeni. Ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zayo zokwelapha, enye yezimpahla ezinkulu zePuritama isimo sayo: amachibi axhunywe yi- indlela yokuhamba ngokhuni edlula esigodini futhi iholela emakamelweni okushintshela, ezindlini zangasese, endaweni yokudlela, kanye namakamelo okubhucunga.
Iziphethu ezishisayo zivame ukuvuleka phakathi kuka-9:15 ekuseni no-17:30 ntambama unyaka wonkeFuthi kuyalulekwa ukubhuka kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi sesizini esimatasa. Umehluko phakathi komhosha owomile kanye namanzi acwebezelayo amachibi okwenza isipiliyoni sibe sihle kakhulu futhi siphumule.
Iwayini le-Codpa ne-Pintatani
Kwabanye ihora nesigamu ngemoto usuka e-AricaIfihliwe emgodini omncane waseVítor (idolobha laseCamarones), kukhona idolobhana lase I-CodpaKuyindawo ephelele yokuzihlukanisa izinsuku ezimbalwa, izungezwe amasimu aqinile namagquma angomile, lapho impilo igxile kwezolimo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamawayini endabuko.
Ngiyabonga ngocingo Ubusika baseBoliviaI-Codpa ithola cishe amamilimitha angu-300 emvula minyaka yonke, okuvumela izivini ukuthi zichume endaweni ewugwadule kuphela. Inkanyezi yombukiso lapha yi- I-Pintatani, i-liqueur yobuciko eyenziwe ngamagilebhisi okuqala esizini, enokunambitheka okunamandla futhi eyaziswa kakhulu yizinongo ezidinga kakhulu.
Cishe ngoMeyi, iCodpa iba yisikhungo sokunaka ngenxa Fiesta de la VendimiaUmkhosi ohlanganisa amasiko enkolo, umculo, umdanso, kanye newayini eliningi lendawo. Ngaphandle komlando walo ohlobene newayini, idolobha laziwa... ISonto LaseSan Martín de Tours, eyakhiwa ngo-1668 futhi ibhekwa njengesonto lesibili elidala kunazo zonke eChile.
Lapho kufika ubusuku, isibhakabhaka phezu kweCodpa siyamangala ngengubo izinkanyezi ezinhle kakhuluNgenxa yokungabikho kokungcola kokukhanya, yindawo enhle yokuqeda usuku lokuhlola ithafa eliphakeme uphethe ingilazi yePintatani esandleni kanye neMilky Way ekhanya ngaphezulu.
I-Laguna Roja namanye amagugu eduze kwase-Iquique
Indawo ezungeze i-Iquique inikeza nezinye izinto eziningi. Izindawo zasezintabeni nasezindaweni zangaphambi kwe-Andean ezingaphuthelwa okuhlangana kahle nokuvakashela izimayini ze-saltpeter kanye nama-oases. Phakathi kwazo, okungaqondakali kuyagqama. ILagoon Ebomvu, etholakala edolobheni laseCamiña, cishe amahora amathathu ukusuka ogwini lolwandle.
Kwaziwa ngabantu bendawo ngokuthi "ULwandle Olubomvu"Leli chibi liyamangalisa ngombala obomvu kakhulu wamanzi alo, umbala ongavamile kakhulu okukholelwa ukuthi uhlobene ne- izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lamanzi (phakathi kuka-40 no-50 ºC) kanye nokuba khona kwamagciwane kanye nolwelwe ekujuleni. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amanye amachibi aphezulu anezici ezihlukile zomzimba nezebhayoloji ezenza athakazelise ngokulinganayo.
Ezikhathini ezidlule, wayebizwa ngokuthi amandla angaphezu kwawemveloIkakhulukazi njengoba kubikwa ukuthi abanye abantu base-Aymara bafa ngemva kokuphuza emanzini ayo. Namuhla, ichibi lihlala limbozwe umoya othile wemfihlakalo, lithuthukiswa umehluko phakathi kobomvu bamanzi nemibala e-ocher yendawo ezungezile.
Kule ndawo ungahlanganisa nokuvakasha kwakho nezindawo ezifana ne- Ifulethi likasawoti iHuascoNjengoba imenyezelwe njengeNdawo Engcwele Yemvelo, le ndawo efulethini likasawoti itholakala endaweni ephakeme cishe ngamamitha angu-4.000 futhi inendawo enkulu enamanzi asekelwe yimithombo yamanzi kasawoti engaphansi komhlaba, okudala izimo ezifanelekile zokuhlanzeka. ama-flamingo, ama-vicuña kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zasendaweni.
I-Salar de Huasco iyindawo enhle kakhulu yokuqeda usuku ngokuthula okuphelele, ubukele ukuthi Ukukhanya kuyashintsha emanzini nasezintabeningezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinyoni eziphula ukuthula.
Saltpeter heritage kanye nePampa del Tamarugal National Reserve
Ngaphansi kwamakhilomitha angama-50 ukusuka e-Iquique, ithafa eliphakeme livula enye yezahluko ezibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wakamuva wenyakatho yeChile: indawo yasendulo amahhovisi e-nitratePhakathi kwazo, okuyaziwa kakhulu ngokungangabazeki ukuthi I-Humberstone, yakhiwa ngo-1872 yiPeruvian Nitrate Company futhi yaba ngomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu be-saltpeter esifundeni cishe ngo-1889.
Namuhla, iHumberstone ivakashelwa njenge- idolobha lesipokiUbufakazi obuyigugu besikhathi se-nitrate. Izakhiwo zayo eziwohlokile nezingenamuntu zakha isimo esicishe sibe simangalisayo esikhanga abathandi bomlando, izithombe, kanye nezindaba eziyizipoki. isitolo esijwayelekile, isonto, inkundla yemidlalo yezinkuni, ihhotela, ichibi elikhulu lokubhukuda elinama-bleachers kanye nesikwele esikhulu, phakathi kwezinye izikhala.
Ngo-1970 kwamenyezelwa Isikhumbuzo somlandoLokhu kuye kwavumela ukulondolozwa kwezakhiwo zayo eziningi zezokuvakasha kanye nenkumbulo yabantu bonke. Ukuhamba emigwaqweni yayo engcolile, phakathi kwezindlu ezingenampilo kanye nemishini egqwalile, kufana nokuhlehla emuva eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.
Kuseduze kakhulu, i I-Pampa del Tamarugal National Reserve Ivikela cishe amahektha ayi-128.763 endawo, ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine. Lapha uzothola indawo enkulu kunazo zonke yokutshala ihlathi le-tamarugo ezweni, kanye nendawo ekhangayo Ama-Geoglyphs asePintadosizibalo ezinkulu kanye nemiklamo eyenziwe emagqumeni phakathi kuka-700 no-1500 AD
Lezi geoglyphs zadalwa kusetshenziswa ukususwa kwezinto ezingaphezulu kusukela egqumeni ukuze kudalwe umehluko nesisekelo semvelo esiveziwe. Kukholelwa ukuthi ngabe basebenzele abahambi abaqondisayo ngemizila yamakharavani, ukuphawula ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukuhambisana namasiko endawo, noma ukukhombisa ukuthi amaqembu athile omdabu ayingxenye yale ndawo.
Lesi siqiwi sivikela nezinhlobo zezilwane zasendle zasendaweni ezifana ne- impungushe yaseCulpeo, impungushe yaseChilla, oklebe, izikhova kanye namavulture anekhanda elibomvuKuyindawo enhle kakhulu yokuma uma unesithakazelo ekuhlanganiseni kwezinto zakudala, umlando, kanye nendawo ewugwadule ngokuphelele.
Umzila Wezithunywa kanye namadolobha ase-Upper Loa
Uma uqhubeka uhamba uye eningizimu, ithafa eliphakeme kanye nezintaba zivulekela kwenye indawo indawo ethakazelisayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Alto El Loa, exhunywe ngokuyinhloko namasiko aseLican Antay (Atacameño) kanye nemiphakathi yamaQuechua. Kusukela eCalama noma eSan Pedro de Atacama, imizila ingahlelwa exhumanisa ama-geysers, amadolobha asendulo, kanye nezindawo zokugcina izimpahla eziphakeme.
Indlela yakudala iqala eCalama bese iphela ngo I-Caspananakuba abahambi abaningi bekhetha ukukwenza ngendlela ehlukile ngemva kokuvakashela i- Ama-Tatio Geysersbese wehla ngomgwaqo oxhumanisa la madolobha. I-Alto El Loa National Reserve iyindawo evikelekile lapho impilo yansuku zonke isathonywa kakhulu yi- ukulima okuhleliwe, ukwalusa amakamela, kanye nemikhosi yenkolo ngokwesiko.
Phakathi kwamadolobha afanekisela kakhulu yi- chwa u, ebhekwa njengesithonjana sehlane. ISonto layo laseSan Francisco de Chiu Chiu, elakhiwa ngo-1540, lingenye yamadala kakhulu eChile futhi kwathiwa yiSikhumbuzo Sikazwelonke, ligcina ukubukeka kwalo njengesonto lodaka elinophahla lokhuni notshani.
Ukulandela umzila kuvela I-Pucará de LasanaInqaba yangaphambi kwenkathi yamaSpanishi eyakhiwe egqumeni, enezindlu zokuzivikela ezixhunywe ngezindlela ezincane futhi zizungezwe udonga oluzungezile. Kuyisibonelo esimangalisayo se ukwakheka kwezempi zomdabu ivumelane nendawo yase-Andean.
Okuqhubekayo phambili I-Ayquina, idolobhana elivame ukuthula futhi cishe elingenamuntu, eliguqulwa ngokuphelele njalo ngoSepthemba ngedolobha elidumile Umkhosi weNcasakazi yaseGuadalupe yase-AyquinaPhakathi nalezo zinsuku, abantu abangaphezu kuka-50.000 bayafika ukuzohlanganyela emihlanganweni, emidansweni, nasemikhosini egcwalisa idolobha ngombala nomculo.
Okokugcina, ku I-Caspana Izindlu zodaka ziqoqene phakathi kwemihosha ejulile, izingadi ezincane zezimbali, imihlambi yezimvu nabesifazane abanezinwele ezilukiwe nezigqoko zotshani Ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Izindlu eziningi zibeka iziphambano ezimibalabala eminyango yazo ukuze zixoshe imimoya emibi, zigcine umbono wezwe lase-Andean uphila.
Izilwane zasendle zasezintabeni kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kokuzijabulisa
Ngaphandle kwefa layo lamasiko kanye nemithombo yamanzi ashisayo, izindawo eziphakeme zaseChile ziyindawo enhle kakhulu yabathandi be... izilwane zasendle kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuthambile kwe-adventureImizila ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-4.000 ikuvumela ukuthi ubone izinhlobo zezilwane ongeke uzibone kwezinye izingxenye zezwe.
Phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo eziphawuleka kakhulu kukhona ama-vicuña, ama-alpaca, nama-guanacoNgaphandle kwezimpungushe, futhi ngenhlanhla enkulu, ama-puma. Avame ukubonakala esibhakabhakeni. ama-condor, ama-buzzard-eagles anesifuba esimnyama, ama-kestrel kanye nezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama, kuyilapho zikhula ezindaweni ezisolwandle nasemachwebeni anosawoti ama-flamingo, ama-coots, amadada ase-Andean, ama-loica asePeru, ama-puna lapwings, ama-caracara asenyakatho kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi.
I-Los amaxhaphozi e-peat kanye namaxhaphozi ILauca National Park, iSurire Salt Flat, kanye neHuasco Salt Flat yizindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokubuka izilwane zasendle, ikakhulukazi ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa. Kuvamile futhi ukuhlanganisa lokhu kuvakasha nokuhamba ngezinyawo okufushane noma ukuhamba ngezinyawo, kuqondiswa abaqhubi bendawo abazi izindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokubuka.
Olunye uhlobo lolwazi olubaluleke kakhulu endaweni ukuhamba ngezimoto imizila yasezintabeni ezikude, evame ukuqoshwa ochungechungeni kanye namafilimu aqukethe i-documentary njengalawo anabadlali be-adventure kanye nabenzi bamafilimu aqukethe i-documentary baseChile abahamba kulezi zindawo befuna amakhona amasha.
Ukuhamba ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseChile, kusukela e-Arica kuya eSalar de Surire, kusukela ePutre kuya eLake Chungará, kusukela ezimayini ze-nitrate kuya ePica Oasis, ukudlula emadolobheni acishe abe yimfihlo ase-Upper Loa, kuyinto evamile. isipiliyoni esiphelele Ihlanganisa izindawo zasendulo, isibhakabhaka esicwebile, umlando wendabuko, ukwakheka kwamakoloni, imithombo eshisayo, kanye nezilwane zasendle eziyingqayizivele. Uma ukhangwa imvelo engonakalisiwe futhi ungesabi ukuphakama, zimbalwa izindlela eChile ezizoshiya umbono ohlala njalo njengezindawo okumele uzibone ze-Altiplano.
- I-Altiplano yaseChile endaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-3.800 ngaphezu kolwandle, enamapaki ahlukile, izindawo eziphansi zikasawoti kanye nemithombo yamanzi ashisayo.
- Abantu base-Andean abafana I-Socoroma, i-Putre, i-Codpa, i-Chiu Chiu ne-Caspana Balondoloza amasonto namasiko okhokho.
- Izindawo ezivikelwe ezifana Lauca, Las Vicuñas, Surire, Huasco I-Pampa del Tamarugal inikeza izilwane ezinhle kakhulu kanye nezindawo ezinhle kakhulu.
- Izimayini zaseSaltpeter, ama-geoglyph, kanye nemikhosi yenkolo kuqedela Indawo efanele imvelo, isiko kanye nokuzijabulisa.
