Ungomunye wamaGorgons owayefa futhi wagwetshwa ngokungafanele unkulunkulukazi u-Athena, eguqula izinwele zakhe zibe izinyoka kanye nokubukeka okuguqula noma ubani obeka amehlo akhe kuye abe yidwala. Lokhu Medusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki indaba yakhe edumile neyisifanekiselo, sizokukhombisa ngalesi sihloko.
Medusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki
Ngokokulandisa kwezinganekwane zamaGreki, uMedusa akazalwanga engowesifazane onekhanda lenyoka. Wayengomunye wamaGorgons kanye nodadewabo ababili u-Esteno no-Euríale, laba ababili bokugcina babeyizidumbu, besabekayo futhi bengenakufa kusukela ekuzalweni, kuyilapho uMedusa engumuntu osemusha ogcwele ubuhle, le mfanelo enhle yowesifazane osemusha yakhanga abaningi. abakhongi; abazali bakhe kwakunguPhorcys noCeto (nakuba eminye imithombo ithi uGorgon unguyise), ababengonkulunkulu bolwandle abangabafowabo ababili.
Medusa njengompristikazi ka-Athena
Ngolunye usuku unquma ukuqeqesha njengompristikazi wase-Athena, nakuba ayazi ukuthi ungowesifazane ofiselekayo, wanquma ukuzibophezela ku-Athena, unkulunkulukazi owayebhekwa njengonamandla kunabo bonke ababehlala eNtabeni i-Olympus; ngakho uthando lwakhe ngo-Athena lwabuyiselwa isikhathi esithile. Kwakuwukuncoma okukhulu kuMedusa ukufunga ukwethembeka ku-Athena ngenxa yobuhle bakhe obukhulu, ikakhulukazi njengoba enye yezimfuneko zokuba umpristikazi wethempeli kwakuwukuhlala umsulwa; nokho-ke, lokhu bekuzongabaza kafushane ngenxa yezehlakalo ezalandela.
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba uMedusa enganekwaneni yamaGreki eba umpristikazi ka-Athena, wadonsa ukunaka kukaPoseidon, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yobuhle bakhe obukhulu futhi ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi le ntokazi yayikhonza imbangi yayo, u-Athena. Ngakho lokhu kwanikeza uPoseidon ithuba eliyingqayizivele: wayengaphishekela iMedusa njengesithakazelo sothando futhi aqinisekise ukuphakama kwakhe njengonkulunkulu onamandla kakhulu kuno-Athena ngokwakhe.
Ukuhlasela kukaPoseidon kuMedusa
Kukhona ukuhlukahluka okuningana kulokho okwenzeka ngokulandelayo, abanye bethi uMedusa wathonywa ukuthuthuka kukaPoseidon futhi wahlakulela imizwa ngaye, abanye bathi lona wesifazane osemusha wahlala eqinile ekuzinikeleni kwakhe ku-Athena. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo eshiwo, uMedusa unquma ukungashiyi ithempeli lika-Athena ngenxa yokuzinikela kwakhe futhi yilapho uPoseidon enquma ukuthatha iMedusa ngaphakathi kwethempeli ngenkani; ngenxa yesenzo esinjalo uMedusa uyakhulelwa, athukuthele futhi adideke.
Ngemva kokuhlukunyezwa unkulunkulu uPoseidon, iMedusa ecekelwe phansi akazi ukuthi yenzeni njengoba yayihlele ukunikezela ukuphila kwayo konke ku-Athena; Ebhekene nokuphelelwa ithemba okunjalo, unxusa unkulunkulukazi wakhe futhi umcele usizo lokuqhubekela phambili nomgomo wakhe wokuphila awuhlongoza. Nokho, kunezinto eziningi ezidinga ukuxazululwa kulesi simo:
- Esokuqala ukuthi uMedusa akaseyona intombi, nakuba akhishwa izimbali ngokungafuni kwakhe.
- Okwesibili ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi walahlekelwa ubuntombi bakhe kuPoseidon (futhi manje ukhulelwe nguye), ngokomthetho ungumkakhe ngokwemithetho yangaleso sikhathi; ngakho ucela ukuhlakanipha neseluleko kunkulunkulukazi u-Athena mayelana nendlela yokuqhubekela phambili.
Isijeziso sika-Athena seMedusa
Lapho ezwa ngalesi sigameko, u-Athena ucasulwa ukuthi ithempeli lakhe lingcoliswe imbangi yakhe, uPoseidon. Ngaleso sikhathi, akanalo uzwelo ngoMedusa, ngakho uyamsola futhi amsole ngomcimbi, amjezise ngokumguqula abe yisilo esingathandeki.
Kukhona ukuhlukahluka okuningana kokuhleleka kwezenzakalo ezilandelayo, kodwa isiphetho sihlala sifana lapho iMedusa igcina iguqule ibe isilo esibi; okunye ukulandisa kubalula ukuthi ujeziswa ngezandla zethusi namaphiko; kokunye ubuso bakhe bunentshebe namazinyo (ezinye izinguqulo azikhulumi ngalokhu konakala) futhi ekugcineni okuthandwa kakhulu yilapho izinwele zakhe ziguqulwa zibe isidleke sezinyoka ezinobuthi.
NjengoMedusa, odadewabo u-Esteno no-Euríale nabo bakhathazekile ngesijeziso sika-Athena, ngakho kulapha lapho uguquko lwakhe olusabekayo nolwesabekayo lwenziwa khona. Nakuba isizathu salokhu sihluka kwezinye izinguqulo, lapho abanye bethi odade baguqulwa ngenxa yokuthi bavikela iMedusa futhi babukela phansi intando ka-Athena, bewohloka ngendlela efanayo futhi baphoqeleka ukuba babuyele esiqhingini saseSarpedon.
Ulaka lukaMedusa emadodeni
Kuze kube manje, odade baziwa njengabantu abakhohlakele nabangenaluzwela abaziphindiselela kunoma iyiphi indoda ebeka unyawo kulesi siqhingi. Umlingiswa kaMedusa ushintsha kakhulu ngemva kokuba u-Athena emjezisa ngokungafanele, kunzima ukubuyisana nobunikazi bakhe obusha, kodwa ekugcineni uyamukela indima yakhe futhi uqala ukuziphindiselela emadodeni, njengoba lokhu kungenye yezindlela kuphela angazama ngazo ukuziphindiselela. ku-Poseidon; kodwa, lokhu kuyamphoqa ukuthi ahlale enesizungu esingapheli, ephephela esiqhingini sakhe angasishiyi.
Uma sebeshintshile, amadoda amaningi aqala ukubonakala esiqhingini engasewona njengabakhongi, kodwa njengabazingeli abafuna udumo ngokunqunywa kwabo amakhanda. Ngakho njengoba iminyaka ihamba, uba nonya futhi othanda ukuziphindiselela.
Perseus nokuzingelwa kweMedusa
UPerseus wayeyindodana kaZeus noDanae. Ubaba kaDanae, u-Acrisius inkosi yase-Argos watshelwa ngokubonisana ne-Oracle yaseDelphi ukuthi uzobulawa umzukulu wakhe indodana kaDanae. Lokhu kwabangela ukwethuka nokwesaba kuye, ngenxa yalesi sizathu wamvalela uDanae ekamelweni lethusi ukuphila kwakhe konke ukuze angafunwa yindoda. Nokho, ebhekene nenselele enjalo, uZeus waphenduka ishawa legolide, wangena ekamelweni lapho owesifazane osemusha wayekhona futhi wamkhulelisa ngalo mbono ongaqondakali.
U-Acrisius, efunda ngesimo sendodakazi yakhe, wanquma ukumphonsa kanye noPerseus olwandle esifubeni sokhuni; futhi bafika kanjena eSeriphos lapho bemukelwa futhi behlengwa nguDictis umfowabo kaPolidectes. Wakhulisa uPerseus waze wakhula, okuyilapho inkosi yaseSeriphos ithuma le nsizwa ukuthi izozibulala; futhi yile ndlela itulo phakathi kweMedusa nePerseus liqala ngayo.
Kunamadoda amaningi ahlukene azama futhi ehluleka ukuzingela iMedusa, kuze kube yilapho inkosi yaseSeriphos uPolydectes iqasha uPerseus ukuthi athole futhi agwinye ikhanda likaMedusa. INkosi ifisa ukushada nonina kaPerseus, kodwa uPerseus akamvumeli. Njengeqhinga, uPolydectes utshela uPerseus ukuba amlethele inhloko yeMedusa (okuyinto eyingozi kakhulu), lapho uPerseus elalela khona futhi uya konkulunkulu ukuze bamsize ohambweni lwakhe.
Ukufa kweMedusa ezandleni zikaPerseus
Onkulunkulu bamnika izipho zokumsiza ohambweni lwakhe, ukuze azuze ukunqoba kwakhe iMedusa. Ngakho ku-Athena uthola isihlangu esikhanyayo, ezimbadada ezinamaphiko zikaHermes, kuHephaestus (unkulunkulu womlilo, abakhandi bensimbi nabasebenzi bensimbi) uthola inkemba futhi ekugcineni eHayidesi uthola isigqoko sokungabonakali.
Esebenzisa lezi zipho, uhamba futhi aqoqe ulwazi olubalulekile ekufuneni kwakhe, abese enyonyoba esiqhingini saseSarpedon futhi enquma iMedusa ngenkathi elele esebenzisa isihlangu sesibuko sika-Athena, ukuze amqondise ukunyakaza kwakhe ukuze angadingi ukubuka iMedusa ngokuqondile. . Ngemva kwalokho uzama ukunyonyoba esiqhingini, kodwa odade bathola isidumbu sikaMedusa ngaphambi kokuba ahambe.
Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, baqala ukuvakashela isiqhingi befuna umbulali kadadewabo uMedusa, kodwa abakwazi ukumthola uPerseus ngenxa yezipho onkulunkulu abamnika zona; ukwazi ukuphunyuka ngaphandle kokubonwa ngenxa yesigqoko sakhe sokungabonakali. Odade, abathukuthele, abakwazi ukwenza lutho ngaphandle kokukhala, ngakho ukukhala kuka-Euryale kunanela kuso sonke isiqhingi, isenzo aduma ngaso ezinganekwaneni.
Nakuba indaba kaMedusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki inokubaluleka okuthile futhi ifanekisela isiphetho sayo esibuhlungu, ngokungangabazeki inethonya elikhulu ekufeni kwakhe. Ngokudlula kwakhe emhlabeni, unikeza umhlaba iminikelo ebalulekile kuzinganekwane nemithi kuyilapho enikeza umphakathi uhlobo olusha lokuvikela.
Izingane zikaMedusa
Ngokushesha nje lapho uPerseus enquma ikhanda likaMedusa, izingane zakhe ezimbili esezikhule ngokugcwele ziyazalwa futhi zindiza ziphume entanyeni yakhe. Eyokuqala eyavela nguPegasus, esinye sezidalwa ezidume kakhulu kuzo zonke izinganekwane, lena kwakuyi-stallion ehlanzekile enamaphiko amhlophe enemvelo enamandla.
Ngemva kokuzalwa kwakhe ngemva kokunqunywa kwekhanda likanina uMedusa, kuthiwa wenyukela ezulwini lapho amukelwa khona nguZeus. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho uPegasus eyalwa ukuba athwale imibani nokuduma egameni lama-Olympians; Amanye amandla kaPegasus ukuthi wayaziwa ukuthi uyakwazi ukuzala iziphethu ezinomlingo nezikhuthazayo neziphethu ezivela eMhlabeni noma nini lapho eshaya phansi ngezinselo zakhe, futhi la mandla kungenzeka ukuthi anikwe amandla wuhlu lozalo lukaPegasus (obeseyindodana. ePoseidon).
Owesibili ophuma entanyeni kaMedusa nguChrysaor, okuthiwa wazalwa ephethe inkemba yegolide esandleni sakhe futhi waziwa ukuthi washada ne-naiad Callírroe, ngenxa yalesi sibopho sothando uGeryon wazalwa. Ukwengeza, le ndodana kaMedusa yabusa njengenkosi yase-Iberia.
Imbongi yasendulo engumGreki egama layo linguPindar yathi u-Athena wathinteka kakhulu ngokukhala kwezingane zikaMedusa lapho zizalwa, kangangokuthi wakhipha ama-Aulos ezinyembezini nasekudabukeni kwawo; i-Aulos iwuhubo oludabukisayo kanye ne-melancholic double tube.
Ikhanda likaMedusa
Naphezu kokufa kukaMedusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, ikhanda lakhe kuthiwa lisenezici zemilingo. Ngakho njengoba uPerseus ehamba emhlabeni, izinguquko eziphawulekayo zaqala ukwenzeka njengoba amaconsi egazi avela ekhanda likaMedusa eqala ukuwa. Njengoba indiza phezu kweLibhiya, wonke amaconsi egazi awela phansi aphenduka inyoka enesihlungu; Lokhu kubangelwa ukuba khona kwezinyoka ezinobuthi eLibya kuze kube namuhla.
Igazi likaMedusa liphinde lihlonishwe ngokudala i-Amphisbaena, isidalwa esesabekayo esifana nodrako futhi sinekhanda lenyoka ekupheleni komsila wayo. Okokugcina, kodwa mhlawumbe okuthakazelisa kakhulu, kukholakala ukuthi igazi likaGorgon odumile kwakuyisizathu esenza amakhorali oLwandle Olubomvu akhiwe; ababhali abaningi kangaka bathi amakhorali adalwa lapho amaconsi egazi echitheka olwelweni emanzini angezansi.
UPerseus uguqula i-Titan Atlas ibe yitshe
Ngokusho kwenganekwane, ngemva kokuba uPerseus enqume ikhanda likaMedusa futhi ebuyela emuva ukuze asindise unina lapho ehlangana no-Atlas umdondoshiya obambe isibhakabhaka, uPerseus wacela iTitan ukuba imvumele aphumule kodwa u-Atlas wenqaba futhi wazama ukumhlasela.
U-Perseus wayazi ukuthi wayengeke akwazi ukulwa ne-Atlas yedwa, kodwa ngokucabanga okusheshayo uyaqaphela ukuthi angasebenzisa ikhanda likaMedusa ukuze azuze, ngakho ubamba ikhanda phezulu ekubukeni kuka-Atlas, oguqula ngokushesha abe yiNtaba; lesi esinye sezibonelo zokuqala lapho amandla kaMedusa asetshenziselwe ukukhombisa isimo sokuvikela samaGorgons.
Ukuhlengwa kuka-Andromeda noDanae kusetshenziswa ikhanda likaMedusa
Lapho endiza enqamula eTopiya, uPerseus uhlola inkosazana esencane u-Andromeda eboshelwe edwaleni njengomhlatshelo wesidalwa sasolwandle esesabekayo uCetus. U-Andromeda wenziwa umhlatshelo njengesijeziso kuCassiopeia (unina), owaba nobuwula ngokwanele ukuze aziqhenye ngokuthi indodakazi yakhe yayiyinhle kakhulu kunamaNereid olwandle. U-Perseus ngaleso sikhathi ubheka ukuthi uyakwazi ukunqoba i-monster ngekhanda elinamandla le-Medusa, ngakho-ke ubhekene ne-monster yasolwandle ekugcineni esindisa i-Andromeda.
Ethandana nowesifazane osemusha, uPerseus uyaqaphela ukuthi akakwazi ukushada naye ngoba wayesevele ethembisene noProteus, umxhasi wesihlalo sobukhosi sika-Argos nomalume wakhe; Ngalokhu, uPerseus wasebenzisa ikhanda likaMedusa kuProteus futhi, ngaleyo ndlela emhlukanisa endleleni yakhe ekugcineni ashade no-Andromeda.
Lapho ekugcineni uPerseus ebuya ekufuneni kwakhe, iNkosi uPolydectes iyamangala lapho ibona iqhawe elincane liphila. Ngakho uhlela ukubulala uPerseus ukuze ashade nomama weqhawe elincane, kodwa uPerseus uyakwazi ukumisa ukuhlasela ngokusebenzisa ikhanda likaMedusa ngokuguqula amaPolydectes kanye nabahambisana naye ngamatshe. Ngakho-ke, umama wakhe usindiswa amandla okuvikela eMedusa.
Ukulethwa kwekhanda likaMedusa ku-Athena
Ngemva kwayo yonke inkathazo yokukhashelwa kuka-Athena kuMedusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, laba bobabili baphinde bahlangana ngokomfanekiso lapho uPerseus enikeza ikhanda likaMedusa ku-Athena ngemva kokuqeda uhambo lwakhe; Ngemva kwalokho u-Athena ubeka ikhanda lakhe phezu kwesihlangu sakhe, i-Aegis.
Ngokufanayo, unkulunkulukazi usebenzisa igazi elisele elisageleza ekhanda likaMedusa elinqanyuliwe. Kuthiwa igazi eliphuma ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwekhanda lakhe lalinamandla okukhipha ukuphila, kuyilapho igazi elisuka kwesokudla sekhanda lakhe lalinamandla okuvuselela abafileyo; lamandla anikezwa u-Asclepius, owawasebenzisa ngokufanele.
Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi amaconsi amabili egazi lakhe afakwa embizeni lapho unkulunkulukazi aletha khona indodana yakhe u-Erichthonius. Ngokufanayo namandla angaphambili, iconsi elilodwa legazi laliphethe ikhambi lanoma yisiphi isifo noma ushevu, kuyilapho elinye iconsi legazi laliwushevu obulala kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ekugcineni, isihluthulelo sezinwele sanqunywa futhi safakwa embizeni unkulunkulukazi ayinikeza unkulunkulukazi uHeracles (owaziwa nangokuthi uHercules) njengesipho. UHercules yena wayithatha wayinika u-Esterope, indodakazi kaCepheus, owayisebenzisela ukuvikela umbuso waseTegea, edolobheni lakubo e-Arcadia. Nakuba isihluthulelo sezinwele ngokwaso singenawo amandla okulimaza iqhawe lezimbangi, kwakuzofaka ukwesaba okukhulu enhliziyweni yanoma ubani oneshwa lokusibona.
I-Medusa iba umvikeli
Nakuba u-Medusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki walahlwa ngokungafanele ngu-Athena futhi waphoqeleka ukuba aphile impilo yakhe yonke njengesilo esibi, uthola ukuhlengwa okuthile ekufeni. Ngenxa yokuthi ikhanda lakhe lalibekwe phezu kwesihlangu sika-Athena (i-Aegis) futhi igazi lakhe lembulwa ukuthi linamandla okuphila nokufa, ikhanda likaMedusa laba uphawu lokuvikela. Eqinisweni, ikhanda lakhe laqhubeka nokugqugquzela enye yezinhlamvu ezinamandla kakhulu zesikhathi sakhe: iGorgoneion.
I-Gorgoneion yayiyi-amulet enekhanda likaGorgon; lolu phawu kwakucatshangwa ukuthi luxosha ububi kulabo abacela isivikelo salo ngokulugqokisa njengesilenge. Ngaphezu kokwaziwa ngokubonisa amandla amakhulu okwakucatshangwa ukuthi asho uhlu lozalo lwaphezulu noma isivikelo, okungenzeka ngokwengxenye kubangelwa uZeus no-Athena, ababaziwa ngokusebenzisa iGorgoneion.
Izincazelo zesimanje
Phakathi naso sonke isikhathi, indaba kaMedusa iye yakhuthaza abacabangi abaningi abakhulu nabaculi. I-monster eyaphenduka intombi igqugquzele imisebenzi eminingi emihle yobuciko nefilosofi, futhi ibhekene nokuvela kabusha ekudumeni namuhla.
Emlandweni
Izazi ezihlukahlukene zama-classics okuqala ziye zahlaziya indaba ye-Medusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki njenge-quasi-reliable: "yasungulwa noma yaguqulwa kusukela kumcimbi, isiko, isimo sengqondo se-preterite" noma inkumbulo "ephakeme" yokuhlasela kwasebukhosini, ikakhulukazi:
“Inganekwane kaPerseus enquma uMedusa isho ukuthi “amaHellenes ahlasela izindawo ezingcwele zikankulunkulukazi” futhi “antshontsha abapristikazi bakhe izifihla-buso zikaGorgon”, lokhu kokugcina kuwubuso obungabonakali lapho abantu abangcolile babesaba.
Okusho ukuthi, kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX BC Ikhefu langempela lomlando, uhlobo lokuhlukumezeka kwezenhlalo okulotshwe kule nganekwane, njengoba uFreud ebiza okuqukethwe okusobala nge-neurosis ebhaliswe kokuqukethwe kwephupho: okubhalisiwe kodwa okufihliwe. , ebhaliswe ngokuqulekile kodwa engaziwa noma engamanga ngokuhunyushwa okuhunyushwayo.»
kupsychology
Phakathi kwezibalo eziningi zomlando ezahlatshwa umxhwele indaba kaMedusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki kwakunguSigmund Freud, owaba nesithakazelo esijulile endabeni yeMedusa nalokho engakufanekisela ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kwengqondo entsheni.
UFreud wacabanga ukuthi inganekwane ingase ifanekisele ukusabela komfana, kuze kube seqophelweni elithile, wenqaba ukucabangela umqondo wokuthenwa njengento engenzeka ngempela. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ukubona izitho zangasese zowesifazane (ikakhulukazi izitho zangasese zomama), esimweni sakhe somuntu omdala kwakuzomelela ukwesaba kwangempela ezinsizweni futhi wacabanga ukuthi indaba kaMedusa kungenzeka ukuthi idalwe ukuze ifanekisele lo mbono.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uFreud waqhathanisa uMedusa njengentombi enhle nesithombe sikamama emehlweni omuntu ongenacala, ngaphambi kokuba ingane ibone isitho sangasese sowesifazane omdala. Inguqulo yakudala yeMedusa, nokho, kwakuyinto uFreud ayibona njenge-Oedipus-like syndrome futhi ukunqunywa kwe-monster kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kumelela ukuthenwa nokwesaba.
ebufameni
Abesifazane besimanje nabo baye bathatha isimo ngomfanekiso ozungeze iMedusa. Abaningi besifazane bezemfundo bavame ukuqhathanisa isithombe seMedusa nesimo sengqondo somphakathi ngabesifazane abanamandla, bephikisana ngokuthi noma yimuphi owesifazane onamandla abonakalayo, ikakhulukazi amandla phezu kwamadoda, uphathwa ngobugebengu ngokushesha futhi aphenduke abe yi-monster.
Abantu besifazane bathanda nokukhomba izimo zokuzalela kukaMedusa emhlabeni wezilo, njengokuqiniswa kwezisulu zokudlwengulwa nokuyinto ejwayelekile emphakathini wanamuhla.
ku-nihilism
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi indaba yeMedusa iphinde yamukelwa ama-nihilists (okholelwa ukuthi ukuphila akunanjongo). Basebenzisa uphawu lokungakwazi ukubuka iMedusa emehlweni njengophawu lokuthi bangaki abantu abazulazula emhlabeni wesimanje, ngakho-ke kuwumcabango wabo ukuthi abantu bagcina amehlo abo phansi ukuze bagweme ukubhekana neqiniso (Medusa) ukuze bangaqhwa. ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuphila akusho lutho.
Isikhumbuzi Sokubusa
Okokugcina, abaningi babona indaba kaMedusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki njengesikhumbuzo sezinto eziningi eziguquguqukayo ezenzeka lapho amandla amakhulu omhlaba (kulokhu, onkulunkulu baseMount Olympus) besebenza. Nakuba uMedusa wayengumpristikazi ozinikele ka-Athena, akazange avikelwe ekudlwengulweni uPoseidon ejeziswa ngokungafanele ngenxa yesimo ayengenakho ukulawula kuso.
Le ngxenye yendaba kaMedusa inikeza ukuqonda okucacile ngombono wonkulunkulu ngabantu abafayo: bangama-pawn angenangqondo emdlalweni owawukhona ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwabo futhi ozoqhubeka isikhathi eside ngemva kokuba bengasekho. Mhlawumbe-ke, iMedusa iyindaba yokungabi nabulungisa okukhulu okuhlushwa yilabo abangenzanga lutho olubi, nokubaluleka okuncane kwalokhu kungabi nabulungisa kwamandla amakhulu kakhulu alo mhlaba.
Medusa kwezobuciko kanye nemisebenzi ebhaliwe
Kuyo yonke iGreece yasendulo, kunohide lwama-akhawunti endaba ye-Medusa ngabantu basendulo bemibhalo yamaGreki u-Hyginus, u-Hesiod, u-Aeschylus, u-Dionysius Scythobrachion, u-Herodotus, nababhali bamaRoma u-Ovid no-Pindar. Lapho enziwa samuntu kwezobuciko, ikhanda lakhe livame ukwethulwa ngobuso obubanzi, ngezinye izikhathi bunamazinyo nezinyoka zezinwele; kwezinye izithombe inamazinyo, ulimi oluyimfoloko, namehlo aqhumile.
Nakuba iMedusa ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengokubukeka okwesabekayo, enye inganekwane ithi kwakuwubuhle bakhe obukhulu, hhayi ububi bakhe, obashintsha bonke ababembona. Ezinye izazi zikholelwa ukuthi ifomu layo "elisabekayo" limelela ugebhezi lwekhanda lomuntu olubolile kancane, olunamazinyo aqala ukuvela ngezindebe ezibolile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi isithombe seMedusa sasiwuphawu lokuvikela, ngakho-ke kwakuvame kakhulu ukusibona siboniswa ezithombeni ezidlule, izihlangu zethusi, izitsha nezinye izinto. Abanye babaculi abadumile bakhanyiselwe indaba ye-Medusa kanye ne-epic feat ka-Perseus, okuhlanganisa: u-Leonardo da Vinci, u-Benvenuto Cellini, u-Peter Paul Rubens, u-Gialorenzo Bernini, u-Pablo Picasso, u-Auguste Rodin no-Salvador Dalí.
I-Medusa ngezifanekiselo namafulege
Ukumelwa kweMedusa kusetshenziswe kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba njengezimpawu zezindawo zesifunda, njengoba kunjalo ngefulegi laseSicily, esebenzisa ubuso beMedusa nemilenze emithathu eyizungezile okwenza umfanekiso we-triskele (i-Nordic ehlukile. ), Ukuwubeka phakathi nendawo kuthinta isivikelo sikankulunkulukazi u-Athena, owayephethe isithombe sakhe esihlanguni sakhe. Ngokufanayo, iMedusa imelwe ngejazi lezingalo ledolobha laseCzech iDohalice.
i-jellyfish kwisayensi
Njengendlela yokuhlonipha lo mlingiswa othandwayo kusukela ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, ngaphezu kobudlelwane bakhe nezinyoka; Igama lakhe lisetshenziswe ukubiza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyoka emhlabeni, njenge:
- I-Apodochondria medusae
- I-Archimonocelis medusa
- i-atractus medusa
- australomedusa
- I-Boeromedusa
- i-medusa
- khipha i-medusae
- I-Cardiodectes medusaeus
- chama oomedusae
- I-Cirratus jellyfish
- Coronamedusae
- I-Csyromedusa
- csiromedusa medeopolis
- I-Disc jellyfish lobata
esikweni le-pop
Isithombe se-Medusa esinekhanda lenyoka esilulazayo sibonakala ngokushesha esikweni elidumile. Indaba kaMedusa ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki isithokozele imvuselelo kusukela indaba yavela kumafilimu athi "Clash of the Titans" ngo-1981 nango-2010, kanye nethi "Percy Jackson kanye nama-Olympians" ngo-2010, lapho iMedusa idlalwa khona umlingisi u-Uma Thurmann.
Ngokungeziwe kusikrini esisiliva, isibalo senganekwane sivela njengomlingisi kumabonakude, izincwadi, opopayi, imidlalo yevidiyo, imidlalo yokulingisa, ngokuvamile njengomphikisi. Ngokwengeziwe, umlingisi ukhunjulwe ngengoma ka-UB40, u-Annie Lennox, kanye nebhendi i-Anthrax.
Kuma-catwalks, ingabonakala ngophawu lomklami nesithonjana semfashini i-Versace esebenzisa ikhanda le-Medusa; ngokwendlu yokuklama, yakhethwa ngoba iveza ubuhle, ubuciko, nefilosofi.
Uma uthole ukuthi le ndatshana emayelana neMedusa in mythology yamaGreki ithakazelisa, sikumema ukuthi ujabulele lezi ezinye: