ISonto LaseJaƩn liphinde libe yindawo yesinye sezinhlelo zamasiko ezidumile esifundazweni: uchungechunge lwangoLwesine eCathedralManje njengoba isisesigabeni sayo seshumi nane, lo mkhosi ugcina indlela yawo yemisebenzi yamasonto onke evulekele umphakathi. NgoLwesine olune olulandelanayo ngoMeyi, isonto leRenaissance livula iminyango yalo ntambama ukuze lisondeze ifa lalo emphakathini ngombono oqondile kakhulu.
Kulokhu, lesi siphakamiso singaphansi kwesiqubulo "Izithombe Zokungapheli" Igxila ezweni lezithombe eziqoshiwe, kokubili ngokomlando walo kanye nokuchazwa kwalo okungokomoya nokungokomfanekiso. Uhambo oluqondiswayo, izinkulumo, kanye nekhonsathi kuhlangana ukunikeza umbono ohlukile ngeJaƩn Cathedral futhi kuqinise indima yayo njengophawu lwamasiko edolobheni kanye nase-Andalusia yonke.
Umjikelezo wamasiko osuvele ukhona eJaƩn
Isinyathelo se NgoLwesine eJaƩn Cathedral Manje njengoba usuhlelo lwawo lweshumi nane, lo mkhosi usungomunye wemicimbi yamasiko edumile futhi esungulwe kakhulu edolobheni laseJaƩn. Lolu hlelo luye lwaqina unyaka nonyaka, lwaba, ngokusho komphathi wamasonto amakhulu aseJaƩn naseBaeza, "indawo yakudala yesimo samasiko saseJaƩn."
Lo mjikelezo uzalwa futhi ugcinwa ngenxa ukubambisana phakathi kwezikhungo ezininganaI-Caja Rural de JaƩn Foundation, iCathedral Chapter, kanye ne-University of JaƩn, ehlanganyela ngoSihlalo ka-AndrƩs de Vandelvira, bayabambisana kulo msebenzi. Lo mfelandawonye wenze kwaba nokuthuthukiswa kwesiphakamiso esizinzile esihlanganisa ukusatshalaliswa, ucwaningo, kanye nokufinyelela emaguguni.
Umphathi we-Caja Rural de JaĆ©n Foundation, uLuis JesĆŗs GarcĆa-Lomas, ugcizelele ukuthi inhloso eyinhloko "ukukhuthaza isiko nokukhiqiza ulwazi" mayelana neCathedral, eqondwa njenge "ndlu enkulu" yabo bonke abantu baseJaĆ©n. Kule minyaka eyishumi nane, lolu chungechunge lusize izakhamuzi eziningi nezivakashi ukuthola izindawo, imisebenzi kanye nezindaba ezivame ukunganakwa ekuvakasheni okuvamile.
I-Foundation iphinde igcizelele ubukhulu benkonzo yomphakathi bohlelo, olubhekwa njengomnikelo wesiko osezingeni eliphezulu. kufinyeleleka futhi kumahhala, eyenzelwe kokubili izakhamuzi zendawo kanye nalabo abeza eJaƩn abakhangwa yifa layo lomlando nobuciko.
Isithombe esiqoshwe njengesihloko esiqondisayo: "Izithombe zokungapheli"
Uhlelo lweshumi nane luhlelwe ngokuhambisana nesihloko "Izithombe Zokungapheli"Le fomula ihlanganisa inhloso yokujula olimini lwezithombe kanye nekhono lalo lokuveza izinto ezingabonakali. Indlela yalo nyaka ixhumana nazo zombili Isiko lamaBaroque njengoba kwenzeka ekuguqukeni kwezithombe zaseSpain phakathi kwekhulu le-18 nelama-20.
IPhini likaRector Wezamasiko eNyuvesi yaseJaƩn, uMarta Torres, ugcizelele ukuthi imisebenzi "izophakamisa lokho abaculi, kanye nabaqophi bezithombe, abakufunayo ikakhulukazi lapho bezama ukwenza okubonakalayo lokho okubonakala kungenakufinyelelekaLo mbono usebenza njengengqikithi yomqondo womjikelezo futhi uxhumene nemigqa yomsebenzi weSihlalo sika-AndrƩs de Vandelvira, ogxile ekutadisheni ifa lezakhiwo nezobuciko zesifundazwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihloko sethulwa njengesandulelo sombukiso omkhulu ozinikele kumqophi wezithombe. I-Hyacinth Higueras, omunye wabantu ababalulekile ekuqoshweni kukaJaƩn. Ngakho-ke lolu chungechunge lusebenza njengesandulelo salo mbukiso wesikhumbuzo, ozophawula isikhumbuzo esibalulekile sokuzalwa komdwebi futhi ubuyekeze ukuxhumana kwakhe neKhathedrali nezinye izindawo esifundazweni.
Abahleli bagcizelela ukuthi, ngale kosuku lokugubha iminyaka, uhlelo luphinde lufune ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kwababhali bendawoukugqamisa abaqophi bezithombe abavela eJaƩn kanye negalelo labo endaweni yobuciko baseSpain. Ngale ndlela, uLwesine eCathedral luba yindawo ekahle yokubonisa kokubili ifa elimisiwe kanye nocwaningo oluqhubekayo.
Uhlelo lwangoLwesine abane: ukuvakasha, umculo kanye nezinkulumo
Ikhalenda ye NgoLwesine eJaƩn Cathedral Igcina isakhiwo esiphindaphindiwe ezinhlelweni zangaphambilini: imihlangano emine elandelanayo, kulokhu ngoMeyi 7, 14, 21, kanye no-28. Yonke imisebenzi yenzeka ntambama, ngesikhathi sokuqala esihleliwe sika-20:00 ntambama. ukungena mahhala kuze kube yilapho sekufikelelwe umthamo, ngaphandle kwalapho kuhanjwa khona ngokuqondisa, okudinga ukubhaliswa kwangaphambilini.
Isikhala esiphakathi somjikelezo siphinde sibe yindawo engcwele yesonto elikhulu laseJaƩn, isikhala esigcwele izimpawu ezisebenza njengehholo lekhonsathi kanye nehholo igumbi lomhlanganoNgokwabo, izinkambo eziqondiswayo zisatshalaliswa kuwo wonke amakhona ahlukene eCathedral, kufaka phakathi amanye anokufinyelela okulinganiselwe nsuku zonke.
UPilar Rodrigo, inhloko yeNdawo Yokukhuthaza Amasiko yeCaja Rural Foundation, uchaze ukuthi baklanywe izinkambo eziqondisiwe ezigxile ekuqopheni izithombeLezi zinkambo zihlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kweqoqo elihlala njalo nokufinyelela ezindaweni ezihlukile ngaphakathi kwesonto. Inhloso ukusebenzisa lesi sikhathi ukunikeza ulwazi olukhululekile nolusekelwe kumongo weSonto.
Ochwepheshe abavela eNyuvesi yaseJaƩn nabo bahlanganyela ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo, behola okunye kokuvakasha. Amagama anjengokuthi Ingelosi uMarchal noma uJesu Lopez Bajoyina iqembu lochwepheshe abathintekayo, benikela ngombono wezemfundo ohlanganiswe nolimi olufinyeleleka kalula emphakathini jikelele.
Uhambo oluqondiswayo ngoMeyi 7: ingobo yomlando, indawo yokuhlala kanye nezindawo zangaphakathi
Lo mjikelezo uqala ngoLwesine, umhla ziyi-7 kuNhlaba, ngosuku olunikezelwe ngokuphelele ku- izinkambo eziqondisiwe ezinezihlokoLezi zinkambo zihlelwe ngemizila emithathu ehlukene ekuvumela ukuthi uthole izindawo eziningi ezahlukene zeJaƩn Cathedral. Uhambo ngalunye lunendawo ethile yokuhlangana kanye nomthamo omkhulu wabantu abangu-30.
Enye yezindlela zohambo igxile ku- ingobo yomlando yesonto elikhuluIndawo ebalulekile yokufunda ngomlando wesifunda-bhishobhi kanye nesonto elikhulu ngokwalo. Kulesi simo, iqembu lihlangana e-loggia, esebenza njengendawo yokuqala yokuhlola imibhalo namaqoqo agcinwe eSonto.
Indlela yesibili igxile ku- umbukiso ohlala njalolapho kuboniswa khona izingcezu zobuciko obukhulu kanye nenani lokukhulekela. Umhlangano nomphakathi wenzeka egumbini elingaphambi kwe-sacristy, okusebenza njengesiqalo sokubuka imisebenzi ekhethiwe kanye nokuqondanisa incazelo yayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sesonto elikhulu.
Isiphakamiso sesithathu sosuku sikhuluma āngezinye izindlela ezincike kuzo iCathedralā, ibhlokhi elihlanganisa izindawo ezingaziwa kakhulu ngumphakathi jikeleleKulesi simo, indawo yokuhlangana itholakala ngemuva kwekwaya, lapho kuqala khona ukuvakasha okuhlanganisa incazelo yomlando, imininingwane yezakhiwo kanye nokufundwa okungokomfanekiso kwamanye amakhona avamile okukhulekela kwangaphakathi.
Kuzo zonke lezi zivakashi kubalulekile ukwenza lokhu Ukubhukha kusengaphambili ngewebhusayithi ethi fundacioncrj.esUkubhalisa kuvulwa kusasele izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi izindawo zabelwe ngokulandelana kwezicelo, ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa amaqembu amancane kanye nesipiliyoni esiseduze nabaqondisi.
Ikhonsathi ye-Anachronism: ingxoxo yomculo phakathi kwezinkathi
ULwesine, umhla ziyi-14 kuNhlaba lugcinelwe isigaba somculo salo mjikelezo, kanye nekhonsathi yeqembu. I-Anachronism Isihloko esithi "Ingxoxo Phakathi Kwezikhathi: UJohann Christian Bach noCarl Friedrich Abel," lo mdlalo unikeza uhambo oluhlanganisa ukuphela kwesikhathi seBaroque nokuqala kwesikhathi seClassical, kusetshenziswa i-repertoire yababhali bobabili njengebhuloho phakathi kwezitayela.
I-AnacronĆa quintet, egxile ekusebenzeni komlando, izokwethula uhlelo olugxile ekushintsheni kwesitayela kusukela ngekhulu le-18, ngemisebenzi evumela umuntu ukuthi aqonde izinguquko olimini lomculo, ukwakheka, kanye nezinhlobo. Ngale ndlela, iJaĆ©n Cathedral iba yindawo ehlukile yokulalela umculo wekamelo endaweni enkulu.
Inhloko yezinhlelo zamasiko eSisekelo iveze ukuthi ikhonsathi icatshangelwa njenge- uhambo lomculo ngokuhamba kwesikhathiokubandakanya ukwakheka kwethempeli kanye nesihloko esiyinhloko somjikelezo. Nakuba ukugxila okuphelele kombukiso kusezithombeni eziqoshiwe, umculo uhlanganiswe njengenye indlela yokusondela ezintweni ezingokomoya nezingokomfanekiso.
Ukungena ekhonsathini kumahhala kuze kube yilapho sekugcwele, ngaphandle kokubhaliswa kwangaphambilini okudingekayo. Abahleli bamema abathandi bomculo we-classical abavamile kanye nalabo abafuna nje ukuba khona. ukuzwa ikhonsathi e-sacristy yeCathedral, indawo enikeza umsindo nesimo esikhethekile.
Izinkulumo zeMyuziyamu yasePrado: Isithombe esiqoshwe phakathi kweBaroque nekhulu lama-20
NgoLwesine ababili bokugcina benyanga, umhla zingama-21 nomhla zingama-28 kuNhlaba, bazinikele ekuzindleni ngokwemfundiso Izinkulumo ezimbili ezinikezwe ochwepheshe abavela ePrado National Museum, esinye sezikhungo ezihamba phambili eYurophu emkhakheni wezithombe zobuciko kanye nobuciko bokuhlobisa.
Ngomhlaka-21 Meyi, uyangenelela UManuel Arias MartĆnezInhloko yeqoqo lezithombe zePrado kuze kube ngu-1700 izonikeza inkulumo enesihloko esithi "UMqophi NjengoMlamuleli NoNkulunkulu ku-Hispanic Baroque." Esethulweni sakhe, isazi-mlando sizohlaziya indlela abaqophi bezithombe zeBaroque abasebenza ngayo ukuze babonise okungcwele ngokhuni, itshe, noma imabula, nokuthi le misebenzi yaba kanjani... izimoto zokuzinikela kanye ne-catechesis ebonakalayo eSpain ngaleso sikhathi.
Ngemva kwesonto elilodwa, ngoMeyi 28, kuzoba yithuba lika ULeticia Azcue BreaUmgcini weqoqo lezithombe kusukela ngo-1700 kanye nobuciko bokuhlobisa ePrado Museum uzonikeza inkulumo enesihloko esithi "Ukucabangela Imifanekiso YaseSpain Kusukela Ekhulwini Le-18 Kuya Kwelama-20," enikeza uhambo oludlula iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili lokudalwa kwezithombe, ekhuluma ngokushintsha kwesitayela, amasu amasha, kanye nokuguqulwa okuqhubekayo kwendima yomculi emphakathini.
Zombili izingqungquthela zibanjwa e- isonto elingcwele leJaƩn Cathedral Ngo-20:00 ntambama, kungenwa mahhala kuze kube yilapho sekugcwele. Ukuba khona kwalaba ochwepheshe kuqinisa isimo sezemfundo salolu chungechunge futhi kuluxhumanisa nezikhungo ezinkulu zaseYurophu zokulondolozwa nokucwaninga ngefa eliqoshwe ngezithombe.
IYunivesithi yaseJaƩn igcizelela ukuthi lolu hlobo lwemihlangano luvumela ukudlulisa ulwazi olukhethekile emphakathini jikelele, ukuletha imiqondo evela ezweni leminyuziyamu kanye nocwaningo lwamanyuvesi eduze kolimi oluqondakalayo nolushintshashintshayo, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuqina kwesayensi.
Ukubambisana kwezikhungo kanye nokuzibophezela emaguguni
Ukuthuthukiswa kwangoLwesine eKhathedrali kwenzeke ngenxa ye- ukubambisana okuseduze phakathi kweCaja Rural de JaƩn Foundation, iCathedral Chapter kanye neYunivesithi yaseJaƩnKuyimodeli yokusebenza ngokubambisana eqiniswe uhlelo ngalunye. Inhlangano ngayinye inikela ngezinsizakusebenza, ulwazi, kanye nabasebenzi ukuze kwenziwe uhlelo olufana nalolu lube nokwenzeka.
Umphathi wamasonto amakhulu aseJaĆ©n naseBaeza, uFrancisco Juan MartĆnez, uphinde wabonga iCaja Rural Foundation nge- ukuzibophezela okuqhubekayo eKhathedralihhayi nje kuphela ngalolu hlelo lwamasiko, kodwa futhi nangokuvuselelwa, amakhonsathi, neminye imisebenzi ekhuthaza ukugcinwa nokukhuthazwa kwesonto elikhulu. Ngokusho kwakhe, amakhonsathi nemicimbi ehlelwe kuleli sonto elikhulu kakade isibe umcimbi "okumelwe ubonwe" empilweni yamasiko yedolobha.
I-Caja Rural Foundation igcizelela ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezinhlelo luyingxenye yokuzibophezela kwayo emvelweni, ngokukhuthaza amaphrojekthi akhuthaza Ziqokomisa ifa lomlando nobuciko likaJaƩn futhi kukhuthazwe ukuzibandakanya kwezakhamuzi. Lolu hlelo luphinde luhlukanise iminikelo yamasiko ngale kwamadolobha amakhulu aseSpain, lulethe izinhlelo esifundazweni ezifana nalezo ezikwamanye amadolobha aseYurophu.
INyuvesi yaseJaƩn, yona, ihlanganisa lo mjikelezo emasu ayo okufinyelela umphakathi namasiko, isebenzisa iKhathedrali njenge indawo enelungelo lokusatshalaliswa kwezifundo zobuntuUkubamba iqhaza koprofesa nochwepheshe emlandweni wobuciko, umculo kanye namagugu kuqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwesikhungo sezemfundo kanye neqiniso lamasiko edolobha.
Sekukonke, uhlelo lwangoLwesine eCathedral lubonisa indlela ukubambisana phakathi kwezinhlangano zomphakathi nezizimele okungaba ngayo ukuvuselela ifa futhi iwuguqule ube injini yomsebenzi wamasiko, wezemfundo kanye nowezokuvakasha, onomthelela wendawo kanye nowesifunda.
Ngale nguqulo entsha ethi "Izithombe Zokungapheli", iJaƩn Cathedral iqinisekisa indima yayo njenge indawo eyinhloko yamasiko yedolobhaUkunikeza njalo ngoLwesine ngoMeyi inhlanganisela yokuvakasha okukhethekile, umculo kanye nokuzindla okuletha izithombe eziqoshiwe kanye nobukhulu bazo obungokomoya eduze kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezilaleli, kuqinisa ulwazi mayelana nefa likaJaƩn futhi kubeka izisekelo zezinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo ezizungeze ubuciko nomlando wesifundazwe.
