Ukufika UMaria Stuarda eBilbao Iguqule iSigodlo sase-Euskalduna saba esinye sezikhungo ezinkulu zase-bel canto eSpain. Inhlekelele yendlovukazi yaseScotland, egubuzelwe yizinsolo zezombusazwe nezenkolo, ithole enhloko-dolobha yaseBiscay isiteji lapho umculo kaDonizetti, amazwi abalingisi, kanye nesiteji esicophelelayo kuhlangene khona ukunikeza imibukiso yezinga eliphezulu kakhulu.
Kunokuba yisihloko esikhethekile, Le opera evela kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi iTudor Trilogy Kusukela maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, izibonakalise njengenye yezindlela ezinhle zokubonisa ama-soprano nama-mezzo-soprano, kanti i-ABAO Bilbao Opera iyisekele kakhulu ngabadlali abaningana abasezingeni eliphezulu, ukukhiqizwa ngokubambisana kwamanye amazwe, kanye nochungechunge lwemidlalo eshiye uphawu lwayo kokubili kubabukeli abathanda umculo kanye nabagxeki abakhethekile.
Umongo womlando, i-bel canto kanye ne-Tudor Trilogy
Ngaphakathi kwendawo yonke kaDonizettian, UMaria Stuarda uthatha indawo yelungelo njengengxenye yesibili ye-Tudor Trilogy edumile, eceleni U-Anne Boleyn y URoberto DevereuxLawa ma-opera amathathu agxile empilweni ephithizelayo yezindlovukazi zaseNgilandi kanye neqembu lazo, ehlanganisa ukuzilibazisa komlando kanye nedrama yothando efana ne-Italian bel canto.
Kusukela ekuvuselelweni kwayo esiteji ngo-1958, lo msebenzi usuyindawo yokubhekisela kubaculi abakhulu be-repertoire. Indima kaMaria ibhekwe ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhumusha.: isici esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, esivezwa ngabantu abanjengoLeyla Gencer, uBeverly Sills noma u-Edita Gruberova, lapho kugcizelelwa khona ukungezwani phakathi kwengxabano yezepolitiki nobuhlungu obuseduze bomlingiswa; kanye nokufunda okunezingoma nokuzijabulisa, lapho kugcizelelwa khona ubuhle bokucula kanye nobumsulwa bomugqa, indlela ehanjwa ngabadlali abanjengoMontserrat Caballé noma uMariella Devia.
Umsuka wenganekwane yasesiteji yale opera usukela enganekwaneni UMaria Malibran, owokuqala omkhulu uMaria Stuarda Ngomhlaka-30 Disemba 1835, lowo soprano waseSpain, owazalelwa eParis nendodakazi yomculi we-tenor odumile waseSevillian uManuel García, wasungula isiko lokuhumusha elihlanganisa ubukhazikhazi bomlingiswa, ubuthakathaka bakhe bobuntu, kanye nesitayela sokukhuluma esidinga ubuciko bokugqama nokulawula i-fiato kanye nohlu olubanzi lwabalawuli abanamandla.
Ngaphakathi komsebenzi wakhe, KuMaria Stuarda, uDonizetti ufinyelela kwelinye lamaphuzu aphezulu esitayela sakheLo msebenzi ufingqa umongo we-bel canto engathi sína: imishwana emide ye-legato, imihlobiso engeyona nje umbukiso ongenalutho, kodwa ehambisana nokuthuthuka kwengqondo, kanye nezigcawu ezinkulu lapho izingxabano zezombusazwe kanye nedrama eseduze kuhlangana khona ngaphandle kokuphumula kumbukeli.
EBilbao, i-opera nayo ihlelwe njengengxenye ye- Isizini yama-74 ye-ABAO Bilbao Operaukuhlanganisa uhambo lwakamuva nge-Tudor Trilogy: ngemuva kokukhishwa kabusha kwe- U-Anne Boleyn Ngo-2022, sekuyithuba likaMaria manje, elinde URoberto Devereux, ebizelwe ukuqedela umjikelezo obeka idolobha ebalazweni laseYurophu le-repertoire enkulu yothando yase-Italy.
Qedela ukuphikisana kuka-Maria Stuarda
I-Libretto kaGiuseppe Bardari, esekelwe kancane kuSchiller, yakha indaba ngezenzo ezintathu lapho okulandelayo kuhlangana khona Ukuncintisana kwezepolitiki, umzabalazo wokholo, kanye nonxantathu wothando ongenakwenzekaNakuba indaba iphefumulelwe yizenzakalo zangempela, ukungqubuzana okuqondile phakathi kwezindlovukazi ezimbili kuyithuluzi elimangalisayo elenziwe ngokwedlulele ukuze kusetshenziswe ukungqubuzana kwabalingiswa esiteji.
Umthetho I: Izingosi eWestminster
Isenzo siqala ngo Isigodlo saseWestminsterEnhliziyweni yamandla aseNgilandi, iNgilandi igubha umqhudelwano wokuhlonipha inxusa laseFrance, elithunyelwe ukuzoxoxisana ngomshado ongaba khona phakathi kweNdlovukazi u-Elisabeth neNkosi yaseFrance. Lo mfelandawonye, ongaphezu nje kothando, wethulwa njengesibopho sezepolitiki kanye nesibopho sokuqina kombuso.
Noma kunjalo, U-Elisabetta uphethe ingxabano yangaphakathi.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uzizwa ephoqelekile ukucabanga ngokujulile ngomshado; ngakolunye uhlangothi, inhliziyo yakhe ayimkhohlwanga u-Earl waseLeicester, okungabikho kwakhe enkantolo okungazange kuqashelwe. Indlovukazi inenhlanganisela yokukhanga, ukusola, kanye nokuthembela ngokomzwelo kuye okuzoba yinto ebalulekile lapho imbangi yakhe, uMaria, efika endaweni yesehlakalo.
Isimo sezepolitiki siba sibi kakhulu ngokuba khona UGiorgio Talbot, ophethe ijele lasebukhosinionesibindi sokuncenga isihawu ngoMariya, iNdlovukazi yaseScotland esusiwe esikhundleni, eboshwe eNqabeni yaseFotheringay selokhu abaleke ezweni lakubo. UTalbot unxusa ububele buka-Elisabetta, egcizelela isimo sikaMary esicishe sibe sibi, esishukunyiswa yizigameko.
Nokho, Indlovukazi yaseNgilandi iyaguquguquka phakathi kwesihawu nokwesabaUsaba ukuthi uMaria uyaqhubeka nokwakha icebo lokuthatha isihlalo sobukhosi saseNgilandi, esekelwa amaqembu amaKatolika nezitha zangaphandle. INkosi uGuglielmo Cecil, umeluleki wakhe ononya kakhulu, umkhumbuza ngokunganaki ukuthi noma yiluphi uphawu lobuthakathaka lungabeka engcupheni ukuphepha kombuso futhi ekugcineni lubuyele emuva.
Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo kuyanda lapho ebonakala ekugcineni ILeicester, umuntu obalulekile kunxantathuU-Elisabetta umnika indandatho ehloselwe inxusa laseFrance njengophawu lokwamukela isicelo somshado. Ukungakhathali okusobala kwesibalo ngomsebenzi obucayi kangaka kuvusa intukuthelo yendlovukazi, ezwa ngokuqiniseka kwayo okufudumele ukuthi uthando lwayo aluphindiselwa ngamandla alinganayo.
Eyedwa, uTalbot uletha i-Leicester isithombe kanye nencwadi evela kuMariaLobu bufakazi obubonakalayo buvuselela imizwa ka-Earl, futhi uzimisele ngaphakathi ukuzama ukukhulula owesifazane amthandayo, noma ngabe kusho ukusebenzisa izindlela eziyingozi. Lapho uLeicester enikeza u-Elisabetta incwadi, uyamncenga ukuba avumele uMaria ukuba alalele.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umhlangano, iLeicester iphakamisa ukuhlela usuku lokuzingela endaweni ezungeze iFotheringay CastleLokhu kwanikeza isizathu esifanele sokuya esiboshwa ngaphandle kokubanga ihlazo elisemthethweni. Njengoba intshiseko yeCount ngesizathu sikaMaria icaca kakhulu, u-Elisabetta ukhumbula wonke amacebo nezifiso zembangi yakhe ngesihlalo sobukhosi saseNgilandi futhi ubona ingozi engokomzwelo yokuqhathaniswa naye.
Lapho ezwa indlela iLeicester encoma ngayo ngokunganaki Ubuhle bukaMaria kanye nokukhanga kwakheIndlovukazi izizwa ihlazekile futhi ikhashelwe. Ngemva kwesikhashana sokubonakala sengathi iyazehlisa, inquma ukwamukela umhlangano, kodwa ngaphakathi kwayo kuvusa ingxubevange yomona, isifiso sokuqinisekiswa, kanye nentando yokujezisa ezoqhuma esenzweni esilandelayo.
Umthetho II: Ukungqubuzana Kwezindlovukazi Ezimbili
Isenzo sesibili sisiyisa ku- izingadi zaseFotheringay CastleLapho, uMaria, ephelezelwa yinkosikazi yakhe ethembekile u-Anna Kennedy, ujabulela ikhefu lenkululeko elifushane. Njengoba ehambahamba epaki, ukhumbula ngokudabukisayo izinsuku zakhe zobusha eFrance, lapho impilo enokuthula, ekude kakhulu nobuqili basenkantolo, yayisabonakala ingenzeka.
Umsindo we iqembu lokuzingela lasebukhosiniLo muntu osondelayo uvusa ukwesaba okujulile endlovukazini yaseScotland. Kungazelelwe, umqondo wokucela ingxoxo no-Elisabetta ubonakala ungenandaba. Uyanqikaza, ukhathazekile, uyashintshashintsha phakathi kwesifiso somuntu ofuna ubulungiswa kanye nombono wokuthi isahlulelo sokugcina ngesiphetho sakhe siseduze.
Ngosizo lwe ULeicester, ophikelela ngokuthi le ncwadi yathambisa inhliziyo yendlovukazi yaseNgilandi.Futhi ngenxa yamazwi ka-Anna okukhuthaza, uMaria ekugcineni unquma ukubhekana nalesi simo. Yisikhathi sokuqina okukhulu kwengqondo: ithemba lokubuyisana kanye nokwesaba ukuhlazeka kuhambisana ngezinga elifanayo.
Okwamanje, ohlangothini lwesiNgisi, U-Elisabetta naye udabukile phakathi kwemizwa engqubuzanayoUCecil umnxusa ngamandla ukuba abulale uMaria, emxwayisa ngezingozi zokugcina imbangi yakhe iphila ngesizathu sobukhosi. Kodwa indlovukazi iyamelana, mhlawumbe ngenxa yozwela oluqhubekayo, mhlawumbe ngenxa yobubele obuthile obungakaqedwa yibhalansi yamandla.
Naphezu kwalokho kuphikisa kokuqala, intshiseko iLeicester evikela ngayo uMaria Lokhu kumane kuvusa intukuthelo ka-Elisabetta. Kuye, ukuhlangana nembangi yakhe akuseyona ithuba lokubonisa isihe, kodwa kuyithuba lokuhlola amandla akhe nokuziveza njengokuphela kombuso osemthethweni. Indawo yalokhu kuhlangana ingenye yezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu ze-Romantic bel canto.
Lapho ekugcineni izindlovukazi ezimbili zihlangana ubuso nobuso, zombili zifika egcwele ubandlululo nokuqhoshaNgamunye uyaqiniseka ukuthi omunye uyaziqhenya futhi uyadelela. Noma kunjalo, uMaria ekuqaleni uyakwazi ukuvimba isithunzi sakhe esilimele futhi uyazithoba, ecela isihe ku-Elisabetta ngezwi elifuna ukubuyisana nobubele.
Impendulo ka-Elisabetta ibanda kakhulu. Indlovukazi yaseNgilandi ihlala ingenakuguquguqukaUkukhumbula ukubulawa komyeni kaMaria, uLord Darnley, nokwenza izinkulumo eziphathelene nodumo lwakhe, ukuziphatha kwakhe, kanye nokubandakanyeka kwakhe okusolwayo emaqhinga okulwa nomqhele waseNgilandi, lezi zinsolo ekugcineni zibangela ukuzithiba kukaMaria okubuthakathaka ukuba kubhidlike.
Naphezu kwemizamo yeLeicester yokwehlisa intukuthelo, UMaria uyaqhuma futhi aqale inqwaba yezinhlamba ezingenamusa ku-Elisabettabembiza ngokuthi uyisifebe kanye "nesifebe esibi nesinonya." La mazwi abhubhisayo nasobala amelela ukuhlambalaza okungenakulungiswa ekuziqhenyeni kobukhosi futhi enza noma yisiphi isenzo sesihe esingenzeka singenzeki.
Impendulo ka-Elisabetta yayishesha: uthukuthele futhi ubuhlungu obukhuluUcebisa uMaria ukuba alinde isigwebo sakhe sokufa. Kundlovukazi yaseScotland, ngokumangalisayo, lesi sikhathi sinambitheka njengokunqoba kokuziphatha: uzizwa sengathi usethole isithunzi sakhe, ngisho noma ebiza ukuvala ikusasa lakhe. UDonizetti ugcizelela lokhu kungqubuzana kwezifiso ngomculo oshukumisayo, ukuqhathanisa okunamandla, kanye nesigaba esikhulu lapho bonke abalingiswa bebanjwa khona ogibeni lwemiphumela yezinkanuko zabo.
Isenzo III: Ukulahlwa, Ukuphenduka, kanye Nokufa Kwamakholwa
Isenzo sesithathu sibuyela ku Isigodlo saseWestminsterLapho, u-Elisabetta, nakuba ecasukile kakhulu ngenxa yokuthukwa akutholayo, usanqikaza ukusayina incwadi yokufa. UCecil ulokhu emkhumbuza ukuthi ukuphepha komqhele nombuso kudinga ukususwa kwanoma yiluphi usongo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi luyigazi noma luyisikhathi esidlule esibuhlungu kangakanani.
Inkinga yokuziphatha yendlovukazi iyaqhubeka ize ivele futhi ILeicester, izama ukuphuca isenzo sokugcina sesiheNokho, izicelo zakhe aziyithobisi inhliziyo yakhe; ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuphikelela kwakhe kuchazwa njengokuntuleka kokwethembeka. Ecwile enhlanganiseleni yentukuthelo yemizwa kanye nokuqonda kwezepolitiki, u-Elisabetta ugcina esayine incwadi kaMaria yokufa.
Njengesijeziso esiyisibonelo, uyala iLeicester ukuthi uyabona ukubulawa kowesifazane amthandayoIgunya elinonya eligcizelela ubukhulu bomuntu siqu bengxabano. Uthando lapha luguqulwa lube imbangela yokuhlupheka kanye nesikhali sokuhlazeka, kokubili kubaba kanye noMaria, ozwa ubuhlungu obuzomlethela bona.
Isenzo sibe sesiqhubekela ku- Izindawo zokuhlala zikaMaria eFotheringaylapho indlovukazi yaseScotland isazizwa ibuhlungu, kancane, umuzwa wokuhlazisa isitha sayo esidlangalaleni. Kodwa-ke, umuzwa wokuthi iLeicester ingase ibe sengozini ngenxa yokuqhuma kwayo kwentukuthelo uqala ukusibekela ukunqoba kwayo okusobala.
Ukufika kukaCecil no isigwebo sokufa sesisayiniwe kakade Lokhu kuletha ushintsho olukhulu endleleni okwenzeka ngayo lesi sigameko. Ekuqaleni uMaria wenqaba induduzo engokomoya ngompristi, ebonakala eqhosha futhi ecishe abe yisitha. Kodwa ukufika kukaTalbot, ovuma ukuthi wathatha imiyalo engcwele ukuze amlalele, kuvula umnyango wenqubo yokuvuma nokuphenduka eseduze.
Kwenye yezigcawu ezimangalisayo kakhulu ze-opera, UMaria uyavuma ukuthi unecalaUyavuma ukuthi unesibopho sokubulala umyeni wakhe uDarnley futhi ukhomba ukubandakanyeka kwakhe kwiBabington Plot, hhayi nje kuphela ukuze aqinisekise inkululeko yakhe kodwa futhi ebheke esihlalweni sobukhosi saseNgilandi ngemva kokushona kuka-Elizabeth. UTalbot uyamkhulula, futhi umculo uthuthukisa lesi sikhathi esicishe sibe sesokukhulekela ngokomoya ojulile.
Isiphelo sivela ku- igumbi eliseduze negumbi lokubulalaAbasekeli bakaMaria bamzungezile, bekhala ngokungabi nabulungisa kwesiphetho sakhe futhi belindele ukwesaba kokushona kwakhe okuzayo. Kodwa-ke, ubhekene nokuphela ngokuthula nokuzola, ezama ukududuza abathandekayo bakhe nokubanika amandla esikhundleni sokwamukela usizi lwabo.
Lapho isibhamu sibonisa isikhathi sokubulawa, UCecil ucela incwadi yakhe yokugcina yefa kanye nencwadi yefaUMaria unquma ukuthethelela u-Elisabetta, uthandazela yena kanye nombuso, futhi ucela ukuthi igazi lakhe libe yinhlawulo yolaka lukaNkulunkulu. Ekuhlanganeni kokugcina noLeicester, uzama ukudambisa ukuphelelwa yithemba kwakhe, eqinisekisa ukuzimisela kwakhe nokholo lwakhe ebulungiseni basezulwini.
I-opera iphetha ngokuthi Uhambo lukaMaria oluzimisele oluya esiteziEhambisana nezinyembezi zabangane bakhe futhi embozwe umoya wokufela ukholo nokuhlengwa, uDonizetti uhlanganisa zonke izici ze-bel canto edabukisayo: izinkondlo zomculoI-orchestra ebambekile kodwa enamandla kanye nomuzwa weshashalazi oshiya uphawu olungenakucimeka ezilalelini.
Imibukiso, izinsuku kanye nendawo eBilbao
Ukwethulwa kwe- UMaria Stuarda e-Euskalduna Palace Yadlalwa emibukisweni eminingana kulo lonke uFebhuwari njengengxenye yesizini ye-ABAO. Lo mkhiqizo ube nemidlalo emine isiyonke, yonke eyamukelwa kahle yizilaleli, yize ingathengiswanga yonke.
Imihlangano emikhulu yayiqhutshwa ngezinsuku 14, 17, 20 kanye no-23 kuNhlolanjaNjengoba imibukiso yakusihlwa iqala ngo-19:00 kuya ku-19:30 ntambama, ihlala isehholo laseBilbao eliyisikhumbuzo. NgoFebhuwari 14, ikakhulukazi, kwaba nobusuku obukhethekile kakhulu, obudunyiswa kakhulu ngabagxeki, abagqamisa ibhalansi phakathi kobumsulwa bokucula kanye nomthelela omkhulu wokukhiqiza.
I-Opera ihlelwe ngaphakathi komongo womculo obanzi, lapho umsebenzi we-symphonic kanye ne-opera we-Euskadiko Orkestra kanye ne-Bilbao Opera Choir Ihlanganiswe nezinye izinhlelo ze-repertoire, njengalezo ezinikezelwe kuSchumann noRespighi esizini ye-symphonic. Lokhu kubambisana kuqinisa izinga elimaphakathi lazo zonke izikhungo ezihilelekile futhi kuqinisa isithombe se-Euskalduna njengendawo ehamba phambili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kweBilbao kuhlanganisa umbono ocacile wamazwe ngamazweNgemva kokudlalwa kwayo e-ABAO, umkhiqizo ofanayo wesiteji uzoya esizini ye-Oviedo Opera, lapho uzokwethulwa khona eCampoamor Theatre, futhi isihloko sizofakwa nasezinhlelweni zeMetropolitan Opera House eNew York, okuqinisekisa intshisekelo entsha kule opera eziteji ezinkulu zomhlaba.
Izindlela zokuqopha izwi kanye nokuhumusha
Enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ezikhangayo zale midlalo kube ngabadlali, abaholwa yi-Canary Islands soprano. Yolanda Auyanet as Maria Stuarda kanye ne-mezzo-soprano uMaria Barakova njengo-Elisabetta. Bobabili baphakamise izincazelo ezihlukile kodwa ezihambisanayo, ezibonisa amathuba ahlukene anikezwa yilaba balingisi ngaphakathi kwesiko le-bel canto.
UYolanda Auyanet, owayesevele edlale le ndima eTeatro Real, ukhethe indlela yokubhala ngendlela ehlekisayo nesondelene nomlingiswa kaMariaUkucula kwakhe kuncike ku-legato ecophelelayo, umculo ocwengekile, kanye nezindlela zokulawula eziveza kahle, ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokugcina esikhulu, lapho ukulawula ukuphefumula kanye nokuzwela okunamandla kudala isimo sokuzihlolisisa okujulile.
Nakuba ezinye izihlaziyi zikhombisile imikhawulo ethile ethile ekulawuleni isigaba esibucayi kanye nasekuphathweni kwe i-fiato Ezindabeni ezidinga kakhulu (njengomthandazo odumile ngaphambi kokubulawa), i-soprano ivelele ngokuqina okumangalisayo kwencazelo yayo, ngezikhathi zokuqina okukhulu ekuqalekisweni kuka-Elisabetta kanye nokwakhiwa okuphelele komlingiswa okubonisa ulwazi lwesiteji nokuqonda isitayela sikaDonizetti.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, UMaria Barakova ulethe u-Elisabetta ohlaba umxhwele ngempela.Indima ibhalwe nge-soprano. i-sfogatoUhla lwezwi oluxubile oludingayo, kokubili kurejista ephansi-ephakathi kanye nasekukhuphukeni kuya kumanothi aphezulu. UBarakova, onensimbi yomculo eseduze nalolo hlobo futhi engeyona iphrofayili ejwayelekile ye-mezzo, ubonise ivolumu enkulu, uhla oluphakathi oluqinile, kanye nohlu oluphezulu oluqinile nolubikezelwe kahle, yize kwezinye izihlaselo... eqinile umsindo wawuvame ukuvuleka kancane.
E-cavatina yakhe "Ah, lapho konke ku-scrgemi!"Umculi ubonise isitayela sokucula esihle nesiqeqeshwa kahle. i-sfumato kanye nokushintshana phakathi kwamarejista, kuyilapho ku-aria ethi “Quella vita a me funesta” yesenzo sesibili ufinyelele ingxube ephumelelayo yedrama kanye nomugqa oxhumene, egcizelela ubukhulu obudabukisayo bombusi ovaleleke phakathi kwesizathu sombuso namademoni akhe aseduze.
I-tenor yaseCroatia UFilip Filipovic udlala i-Earl of Leicester Ngezwi elihle kakhulu, i-timbre eqinile nekhazimulayo, kanye ne-register ephezulu ehlaba umxhwele kusukela ku-G kuya phambili, i-Conte di Leicester yakhe ichazwe njenge-benchmark endaweni yamanje, ene-instrument ebanzi, ama-harmonics ensimbi, kanye nekhono elikhulu lokuhambisa izilaleli ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu, njenge-aria ethi “Ah! rimiro il bel sembiante”.
Nakuba eminye imibono iphakamisa ukuthi ingangena ngokujulile ebangeni lemibala yesitayelaUkuqapha okwenziwa ngamagama nangenhloso yokukhuluma kuye kwaphawuleka, kugwema ukuwela ekuhlabeleleni okumemezelayo nje kuphela nokusekela umugqa ngisho nasemakhonsathini aminyene kakhulu, lapho umlingiswa evezwa khona kakhulu endaweni yokudlula.
I-bass UManuel Fuentes, muva nje unikezwe umklomelo weBest Young Singer yi-Opera XXIWanikeza uTalbot onegunya elimangalisayo, ngezwi elijulile nelizwakalayo, isandi esikhangayo, kanye nokuba khona esiteji okufana nesikole saseBulgaria esihle kakhulu, ngokusho kwabanye abagxeki. Ukudlala kwakhe endaweni yokuvuma izono kukaMaria kwakuthinta inhliziyo kakhulu.
I-mezzo-soprano UCristina del Barrio, njengo-Anna KennedyUveze umlingiswa wakhe ngendlela ekholisayo, eletha ukufudumala ezikhathini zokusekelwa nenduduzo kumlingiswa oyinhloko. UMilan Perisic, endimeni yokungabongi kaCecilKuye kwaba kuncane kakhulu, kwakhanya ngamandla athile esigcawini sokuqala sesenzo sesibili futhi kunikeza umeluleki oqamba amanga ukubaluleka okungavamile, ngaphandle kokuwela ezithombeni ezihlekisayo.
I-orchestra, ikwaya kanye nesiqondiso somculo
Emgodini, I-Euskadiko Orkestra izibonakalise iyiqembu eliqinile nelihlelekileikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokubhala kukaDonizetti ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukucaca kwemisindo. Izintambo zigcine ukulingana okuncomekayo, kuyilapho ingxenye yethusi ivelele ngokunemba kwayo kanye nokukhanya kwayo ezikhathini ezicacile kakhulu zamaphuzu.
Isiqondiso somculo se U-Iván López Reynoso ube ngomunye wezinsika zempumelelo yomhlaba wonkeIncazelo yakhe yayiphawuleka ngokuhlonipha isitayela se-bel canto, enezigqi ezilinganiswe kahle ezazithanda ukucula kanye nokunaka okuqhubekayo kokuphefumula kwabaculi bodwa. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-pit nesiteji, into ebucayi kakhulu kulolu hlobo lomculo, kwaxazululwa ngokunemba okumangalisayo.
Kunokuba afune umphumela omangalisayo nje, ULópez Reynoso ubeke phambili ibhalansi phakathi kwe-orchestra namaphimboNgokususa ukhahlo nokugwema ukucindezela abahlabeleli ezindaweni ezixinene kakhulu, lokhu kuzibamba kuye kwavumela ukuthi izici ze-coloratura, i-dynamics, kanye nokushintsha kwezingoma ziqondwe ngokucacile—okubalulekile ekusebenzeni okubucayi kwe-bel canto.
I-Bilbao Opera Chorus, elungiselelwe ngu U-Esteban Urzelai (noma u-Urcelai, ngokwemibhalo ehlukahlukene)Leli qembu linikeze imisebenzi yomculo esezingeni eliphezulu. Ikakhulukazi endaweni yamakwaya yesenzo sesibili, iqembu libonise umsebenzi ocophelelayo. amapiyano, ukulungisa nokuhlanganisa, okunikeza imvilophu yezwi ecwengekile ezikhathini ezihlangene zokushaqeka okukhulu ngokomzwelo.
Nokho, esiteji, Abanye abantu abagxekayo baveze ukuphathwa okungaguquki kwekwayaKufana kakhulu nesibonelo senhlekelele yakudala yamaGreki. Ukuhlelwa kwesiteji okusemthethweni kakhulu bekuyonciphisa amandla ayo njenge-ejenti yedrama esebenzayo esimweni lapho ingcindezi yezepolitiki neyezenhlalo ibaluleke kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ikhwalithi yezwi iye yanciphisa kakhulu lokhu kuzibamba kokunyakaza.
Ukuhlelwa kwesiteji kanye nomklamo obonakalayo
Umkhiqizo osayinwe ngu U-Emilio López njengomqondisi wesiteji Ikhethe ukulinganisela phakathi kokunemba komlando kanye nezici zesimanje esibonakalayo. Kunokuba kube ukwakhiwa kabusha kwezinto zakudala, lesi siphakamiso sihlanganisa ukuphindwa kwekhulu le-16 nohlelo lwemiqulu ehambayo evumela izikhala ezahlukene ze-libretto ukuthi zichazwe ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kokulandisa.
Enye yezimbazo ezingokomfanekiso eziphawuleka kakhulu ibhodi le-chess elihlela isimoYaklanywa ngumklami wesethi uCarmen Castañón, isethi inezindlovukazi ezimbili kanye nezibambiso eziningana ezihamba ngaphakathi kwesikhala esifana negridi, isifaniso esicacile somdlalo wezepolitiki nowomuntu siqu phakathi kukaMariya, iNdlovukazi yaseScotland, no-Elizabeth I waseNgilandi. I-geometry yebhodi le-chess igcizelela umqondo wokuthi isenzo ngasinye sinemiphumela yamasu.
Kanye nezingcezu ze-chess, kuvela uchungechunge lwemiqulu yejiyometri, ikakhulukazi amapayipi ahambisanayo, evuleka futhi ivale ukuze kukhiqizwe izilungiselelo ezintsha: inkantolo yaseLondon, izingadi zaseFotheringay, amafulethi kaMaria… Le divayisi yesiteji elula nesebenzayo yenza kube lula ukulandisa okuguquguqukayo, igweme izinguquko ezinzima zesethi futhi ihlale igxile ekuxazululeni inkinga phakathi kwabalingiswa ababili abaphambili.
Ngokungafani nokugqama kwe-engeli efanele, Umklamo wesethi uhlanganisa izimbulunga eziningana zomhlaba. (Ama-Globe) anezela ithoni ecishe ibe yesikhathi esizayo endaweni yokuqala. La ma-globe, ngaphezu komthelela wawo obonakalayo, akhomba ubukhulu bomhlaba wonke bamandla omqhele waseNgilandi kanye nokufinyelela kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezinqumo ezenziwe endabeni.
Izingubo eziklanywe ngu I-Naiara Beistegi (noma i-Beístegui, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa okuhlukile) Ilinganisa phakathi kokunemba kwesikhathi kanye nokuthinta kwesimanje okucwengekile. Ingubo ebomvu ekhangayo uMaria ayigqokile ekugcineni iveza igazi elizochitheka futhi igcwalisa umlingiswa oyinhloko ngobuhle obunamandla obumangalisayo.
Ukukhanya kwe U-Oscar Frosio Isithombe esibonakalayo siqedwa ngesiteji esiqokomisa ngobuhlakani izikhathi zokuzindla okujulile ngokomoya, njengokuvuma kukaMaria, kanye nokuphela kwengxabano enamandla yezepolitiki. Ngaphandle kokufaka incazelo yomqondo engenelela ngokweqile, isiteji sivumela umculo namazwi ukuba aphefumule, into ehlonishwa kakhulu yilabo abakholelwa ukuthi eBel Canto, ukugxila kufanele kube ekuculeni nasekubhaleni amagama okuhle.
Kokuphelele, Ukukhiqizwa kweBilbao kukaMaria Stuarda kunikeze inhlanganisela elinganiselayo kakhulu Ukwethembeka kwesitayela se-opera, ukukhanga okubonakalayo, kanye nokuhambisana kwedrama kwasekelwa abadlali abazinikele, i-orchestra eyamukelwe kahle, kanye nesiqondiso somculo esihlanganisa ngobuciko ukunemba kanye nemizwa. Ukwamukelwa okubucayi, yize kunemibono ehlukahlukene futhi kunikeza iziphakamiso zokuthuthukiswa kwezinye izici zobuchwepheshe nezesiteji, ngokuvamile kuyavumelana ngokusebenza okuphezulu okuqinisekisa ukubaluleka okuhlala njalo kwe-opera ku-repertoire yanamuhla.
Konke lokhu uhlaka lobuciko futhi umculo uvumele lokho Phakathi nalezi zenzo, iBilbao iba ngomunye wemibhoshongo emikhulu ye-bel canto kaDonizetti.Ukuphinda kubukeze izilaleli zanamuhla ubukhali bedrama yomlando, cishe emakhulwini amabili eminyaka ngemva kokuqala kwayo, eqhubeka nokuzwakala ngamandla afanayo nalabo abahlezi eshashalazini futhi badonseleka endabeni yezindlovukazi ezimbili eziphikisana ngamandla, ukholo nothando.
