El Cannes Lo mkhosi ulungiselela olunye lwezinhlelo zawo eziphawuleka kakhulu ngokuba khona kweSpain. Okokuqala ngqa selokhu kwadalwa iPalme d'Or, amafilimu amathathu akhiqizwe eSpain azoncintisana ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze athole umklomelo ohamba phambili womkhosi, abeke i-cinema yaseSpain enkabeni yesiteji somhlaba.
UKhisimusi Obuhlungu, nguPedro Almodóvar; Othandekayo, nguRodrigo Sorogoyen; kanye ne-Black Ball, nguJavier Calvo noJavier Ambrossi, yiziqephu ezintathu ezibalulekile zalesi sikhathi somlando. Izihloko ezintathu ezihlukene kakhulu ezinenhloso efanayo: ukuwina iPalme d'Or efiselekayo kuhlelo lwama-79 lomkhosi, ozobanjelwa kusukela mhla ziyi-12 kuya ku-23 kuNhlaba eFrench Riviera.
Ingqophamlando yebhayisikobho yaseSpain eCannes
Okwenzekayo kulo nyaka eCannes akuyona nje indaba yezibalo: kuyindaba emfushane ngena esigabeni embonini yamafilimu yaseSpain. Akukaze kwenzeke ngaphambili, selokhu kwasungulwa iPalme d'Or ngo-1955, ukuthi amafilimu amathathu aseSpain ahlangane emncintiswaneni osemthethweni. Irekhodi langaphambilini laliyizihloko ezimbili ngonyaka ofanayo.
Ukuze uthole into efanayo, umuntu kufanele abuyele emuva ekuqaleni kwawo-1950, lapho iPalme d'Or yayingakatholakali injalo futhi umkhosi wanikezwa uMklomelo Omkhulu. Ngo-1951 nango-1954, kwaqhudelana imikhiqizo yaseSpain emine, endaweni ehluke kakhulu kwezezimboni futhi kukhethwe amazwe ambalwa. Manje, ekhulwini lama-21, impumelelo ithatha isici esisha, iqinisa isikhundla seSpain njenge amandla e-auteur cinema eYurophu.
Umqondisi womkhosi, uThierry Frémaux, ugcizelele engqungqutheleni yabezindaba "isikhathi esihle sesinema yaseSpain" kanye nomzamo wokuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi e-auteur ngesabelomali esikhulu. Ngokombono wakhe, kukhona "ukunyakaza" ngaphakathi komkhiqizo waseSpain okuthola izindlela zokuxhaswa ngezimali nokubonakala kwalolu hlobo lwefilimu, into uCannes afune ukuyivuma ekukhetheni kwayo.
Ngokuphathelene nokuba khona, iSpain ihambisana neJapane njengezwe langaphandle elinamafilimu amaningi kakhulu ancintisanayo, ilandela iFrance kuphela, okuvame ukuba yizwe elibusayo ekukhethweni okusemthethweni. ukuba khona kweSpanishi okuphindwe kathathu Kuphinde kufike ngemva konyaka lapho uRomería, nguCarla Simón, kanye Sirat, ngu-Oliver LaxeSebevele babeke izinga eliphezulu kakhulu ku-Croisette.
UPedro Almodóvar kanye nokubuya kwenkosi ngengoma ethi "Bitter Christmas"
Ukuba khona kukaPedro Almodóvar eCannes sekuyinto yesiko eminyakeni edlule. Kulokhu ubuya UKhisimusi obuhlunguLena ifilimu yakhe yama-24, ngemuva kokuwina kwakhe iGolden Lion eVenice kwiThe Room Next Door. Ngakho-ke, umenzi wefilimu waseLa Mancha ubuyela emkhosini obe yingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi wakhe, yize esenento eyodwa azisola ngayo: akakaze awine iPalme d'Or.
I-Bitter Christmas ilandisa indaba ka-Elsa, umqondisi wokukhangisa oshonelwa ngunina ngempelasonto ende ngoDisemba. Engakwazi ukuzinika isikhathi sangempela sokulila, uzinikela emsebenzini wakhe kuze kube yilapho ukuhlaselwa ukwethuka kumphoqa ukuba ayeke. Kusukela lapho, lo mlingiswa ubhekene nenqubo yokuma kancane, uhambo lwangaphakathi, kanye nokuhlolwa kabusha kwempilo yakhe. Indaba imholela ku isiqhingi saseLanzarote, lapho ehamba khona nomngane wakhe uPatricia befuna ukushintsha indawo, kuyilapho umlingani wakhe, uBonifacio, ehlala eMadrid.
Abalingisi bale filimu baholwa nguVictoria Luengo, owabelana ngesikrini nabalingisi abanjengoBárbara Lennie, u-Aitana Sánchez-Gijón, uLeonardo Sbaraglia, uPatrick Criado, uMilena Smit, noQuim Gutiérrez. Kuyiqembu labalingisi elihambisana nendaba egxile kakhulu ebuthakathakeni bemizwa, isisindo sokulahlekelwa, kanye nobunzima bokuma lapho konke okusizungezile kusishukumisela ukuba siqhubeke nokukhiqiza.
Ekhuluma eseParis, lapho ifilimu izoqala khona ukukhonjiswa ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi Autofiction, u-Almodóvar uchaze ukukhethwa “njengosuku lokugubha amabhayisikobho aseSpain.” Umqondisi ugcizelele ukuthi kuyinto amafilimu amathathu ahlukene kakhulu kusukela ezizukulwaneni ezintathu ezahlukene zabenzi bamafilimu, nokuthi iqiniso lokuba khona nje esigabeni esisemthethweni selivele liyinto eyaziwayo ngesikhathi lapho i-cinema yombhali idinga ukubonakala okungatholakali njalo ezinkundleni zemidlalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uKhisimusi omunyu ufika eCannes ulungiselelwe kahle: usuvele uboniswe okokuqala kuma-cinema aseSpain, lapho uvunyelwe khona yihhovisi lamabhokisi kanye nengxenye enkulu yabagxeki abakhethekile. Ukubukiswa kwawo ku-Croisette, kulokhu, kumelela ukuhlanganiswa komhlaba wonke komsebenzi abaningi abawubheka njengomunye wabenzi befilimu abasondelene kakhulu nabanesibindi kulesi sigaba somsebenzi wakhe.
URodrigo Sorogoyen kanye no-“The Beloved”: ukugxuma okukhulu emncintiswaneni osemthethweni
Uma i-Almodóvar imele isimo sokuba yisosha elidala, uRodrigo Sorogoyen ufika eCannes njengokuqinisekiswa kwesizukulwane esiqinise isikhundla saso ngemidlalo ethokozisayo nemidlalo yeshashalazi. OthandekayoLo mqondisi ozalelwe eMadrid ungena emncintiswaneni osemthethweni okokuqala ngemuva kokuya kwiCannes Premiere ne-As bestas, ifilimu eyamtholela uCésar eFrance kanye nemiklomelo eminingi eYurophu.
I-The Loved One, ebhalwe nombhali wesikrini wakhe ojwayelekile u-Isabel Peña, ilandela ubudlelwano phakathi komqondisi wamafilimu odumile nendodakazi yakhe, umlingisi ongaphumelelanga. Ngemva kweminyaka yokuhlukana nokuthula, baqala ukuqopha ifilimu ndawonye, kubaphoqa ukuthi babhekane nesikhathi esidlule okungekho noyedwa kubo owayefuna ukubhekana naso. Indaba ihlanganisa umndeni nefilimu engavamile, igxile endaweni yamanxeba avulekile kanye nenzondo efihliwe.
Abalingisi baholwa ngu UJavier Bardem noVictoria Luengoabavusa ubaba nendodakazi abavaleleke phakathi kothando nenzondo. Bahlangana nabadlali abanjengoRaúl Arévalo, uMarina Foïs, noRaúl Prieto, phakathi kwabanye, edrameni egxila ekusondeleni kwendalo nokuthi ingangcolisa kanjani—noma iphulukise—ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu.
USorogoyen uvumile ukuthi wayephupha ngokuba yingxenye yokukhethwa okusemthethweni eCannes ngisho nangaphambi kwama-Oscar. Kuye, lokhu kukhethwa "kukhombisa ikhwalithi kanye nesithakazelo kuma-cinema aseSpain" futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi imboni yamafilimu kazwelonke idlula "esikhathini esimangalisayo." Umqondisi uchaze ukuthi ubesazi ngesinqumo somkhosi amasonto amaningi, yize ecelwe ukuba ahlale eyimfihlo kuze kube yilapho kumenyezelwa ngokusemthethweni, futhi wagcizelela ukubaluleka kokuthi Jabulela isikhathi sakho eCannes njengengxenye yemvelo yempilo yamafilimu.
Ifilimu ethi "The Loved One" ihlelelwe ukukhishwa kuma-cinema aseSpain ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, ngakho-ke ukubukiswa kwe-Cannes kuzosebenza njengombukiso wayo wokuqala wamazwe ngamazwe kanye nombukiso wabezindaba. Ukuhlanganiswa kwesihloko esinobungane kangaka, abadlali abasezingeni eliphezulu, kanye nesitayela esibonakalayo sikaSorogoyen kuyibeka njengenye yamafilimu aseYurophu okufanele ayibukelwe emkhosini walo nyaka.
"Ibhola elimnyama": impumelelo kaJavis eqenjini elidumile laseCannes
Ingxenye yesithathu yalo nxantathu waseSpain odumile yile Ibhola elimnyamaIfilimu yesibili evelele kaJavier Calvo noJavier Ambrossi, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi iLos Javis. Kubo, lokhu kukhethwa kumele ukukhuphukela ngqo esigabeni esiphezulu somkhosi ngaphandle kokudlulela ezigabeni ezifanayo ngaphambilini, into engavamile futhi ekhuluma ngentshisekelo yamazwe ngamazwe ekhiqizwa amafilimu abo.
Le filimu ihlanganisa izimpilo zamadoda amathathu ezinkathini ezahlukene—ngo-1932, 1937, kanye nosuku lwanamuhla—ahlanganiswe ubulili, isifiso, ubuhlungu, kanye nefa elingokomzwelo. Le phrojekthi iphefumulelwe ngomunye wemisebenzi kaFederico García Lorca engakaqedwa futhi ichaza kabusha lokho okuvela ku-... umbono wesimanje nowesi-queer emlandweni waseSpain, ngaphandle kokulahla ithonya lesinema yakudala abaqondisi bayo abayisekela kakhulu.
Abalingisi banamagama afana noPenélope Cruz, uGlenn Close, uGuitarricadefuente, uMiguel Bernardeau, uLola Dueñas, noMilo Quesada, okugcizelela ububanzi balo msebenzi emhlabeni wonke. Ukubamba iqhaza kukaGuitarricadefuente njengomholi nakho kubonisa ukungena kwakhe ekulingiseni amafilimu, okwengeza isici esengeziwe sokuthakazelisa izilaleli.
ILos Javis ichaze ukuthi bathole lezi zindaba nge-imeyili evela kuThierry Frémaux uqobo, lapho encoma khona ukuqoshwa kwale filimu, ukuqoshwa kwayo kwefilimu, kanye nokuqondiswa kwayo. Bona ngokwabo bachaza iLa bola negra njengomsebenzi "onamandla kakhulu" lapho banaka khona kakhulu intuthuko yayo esemthethweni uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqala kwabo kwamafilimu kanye nomsebenzi wabo wethelevishini, ngochungechunge olufana neLa mesías, okwakuyinto eyenzeka eFrance ngenxa yokusakazwa kwayo esiteshini i-Arte.
Ngaphezu kwempumelelo yomuntu ngamunye, uCalvo no-Ambrossi bagcizelela ukubaluleka kwalokhu "I-triotic triple" ye-cinema yaseSpainNgokombono wakhe, elinye lamandla alo mkhakha ukuhlukahluka kwemvelaphi kanye nezindlela, njengoba kuyimboni "ekhululekile neyasendle" lapho kungalandelwa khona imodeli efanayo yezifundo, okuvumela ukuvela kweziphakamiso eziyingqayizivele kakhulu.
UVictoria Luengo, umdlali wesibili waseSpain kukhaphethi obomvu
Phakathi kwalokhu kuvelela kweSpain, kunegama elilodwa eliphindaphindwayo kumafilimu amabili ancintisanayo: Victoria LuengoLo mlingisi, owaziwa ngemisebenzi kamabonakude efana neRiot Police noma iThe Red Queen, uyingxenye yabadlali beBitter Christmas futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo udlala nabo kuThe Beloved.
Ukuba khona kwakhe kumafilimu amabili ancintisana nePalme d'Or emkhosini ofanayo kumbeka endaweni engavamile njengomlingisi waseSpain eCannes. Ku-Bitter Christmas, uLuengo uhamba ngaphakathi kwendawo engokomzwelo eyadalwa ngu-Almodóvar, kanti ku-Sorogoyen uthatha inselelo yokulingisa umlingisi obhekene noyise, umqondisi odumile, kokubili ngokomsebenzi nangokomuntu siqu.
Lokhu kunqoba okuphindwe kabili kukhombisa nendlela ithalente lokulingisa laseSpain eliqala ngayo ukungena emikhiqizweni emikhulu yaseYurophu. I-Luengo akuyona yodwa: ezinye izingxenye zomkhosi zifaka amagama anjengalawa U-Itsaso Arana noma uLuis Tosar emikhiqizweni yamazwe ngamazwe ebambisene, okuqinisa umqondo wesikhathi esivundile kakhulu sabadlali bezwe kanye nabadlali bezwe.
KuCannes, inhlanganisela yomqondisi odumile emhlabeni wonke njengo-Almodóvar, umenzi wefilimu phakathi kokuhlanganiswa kweYurophu njengoSorogoyen, kanye neqembu elidala elinobungcweti bokubhala elinamandla njengoJavis, lihambisana ngqo nobuso obufana nobukaLuengo, abakwaziyo ukudabula le mihlaba ehlukene ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ubuntu babo.
ISpain, isikhungo esinamandla se-cinema ye-auteur kuhlelo lwaseYurophu kakhulu
Umongo lapho la mafilimu amathathu aseSpain efika khona ukhuluma nge- umkhosi ugxile kakhulu kumabhayisikobho ombhali waseYurophu nase-AsiaIFrance, njengezwe elisingatha lo mqhudelwano, ihola inani lemiqhudelwano encintisana namagama anjengoLéa Mysius (Histoires de la nuit), u-Arthur Harari (L'Inconnue), uJeanne Herry (Garance), noCharline Bourgeois-Tacquet (La vie d'une femme). Lokhu kuhlanganiswa namaphrojekthi aqoshwe ngesiFulentshi ngabenzi bamafilimu bakwamanye amazwe, njengo-Asghar Farhadi oneHistoires parallèles kanye noBelgian Lukas Dhont oneCoward.
IJapan inendawo yesibili neSpain ngokwenani lamafilimu akhethwe ngokusemthethweni, kanye nabaqondisi abadumile njengoHirokazu Kore-eda (Sheep in the Box), uRyûsuke Hamaguchi (Sudden), kanye noKôji Fukada (Nagi Notes), ngaphezu kweHope kaNa Hong-jin, nayo engaphakathi kwe-Asia. Ukukhethwa kuhlanganiswe ubuso obujwayelekile eCannes, okuhlanganisa nomqondisi waseRomania uCristian Mungiu (Fjord), umqondisi wasePoland uPawel Pawlikowski (Fatherland), umqondisi waseHungary uLászló Nemes (Moulin), kanye nomqondisi waseRussia u-Andrey Zvyagintsev, obuya noMinotaur ngemuva kwenkinga enkulu yempilo kanye nokudingiselwa kwakhe eFrance.
Kulesi simo, i-trio ka-Amarga Navidad, El ser querido kanye neLa bola negra ibeka iSpain eqenjini amazwe anesisindo esikhulu kakhulu emncintiswanenikokubili ngokwenani lamafilimu akhiqizwayo kanye nokuvelela kwabenzi bamafilimu bayo. Eqinisweni, uFrémaux ukhombe ukuthi izwe lethu seliyinye yezikhungo ezishintshashintshayo kakhulu ze-auteur cinema eYurophu, ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwamakhono asafufusa, abaqondisi abasunguliwe, kanye nezakhiwo zokukhiqiza eziqinile ngokwengeziwe.
Ukuvulwa ngokusemthethweni kuzoba umbukiso waseFrance i-*La Vénus électrique*, kaPierre Salvadori, kanti ijaji le-Official Selection lizophathwa ngumenzi wefilimu waseNingizimu Korea uPark Chan-wok. Phakathi kwabantu abavelele bamazwe ngamazwe abalindeleke kulolu hlelo kukhona abazowina iPalme d'Or, ezonikezwa uPeter Jackson noBarbra Streisand, kanye nokuba khona kukaJohn Travolta, ozokwethula umdlalo wakhe wokuqala njengomqondisi, i-*Propeller One-Way Night Coach*, ngaphandle kokuncintisana.
Ngale komncintiswano: ukuhlanganiswa kwemidlalo kanye nokuba khona kweSpanishi ku-"Un Certain Regar"
Umthelela wesinema yaseSpain eCannes awugcini nje ekukhethweni okusemthethweni. Esigabeni esifanayo Ukubheka okuthileInikezelwe kumafilimu okuqala nawesibili aneziphakamiso ezinesibindi, igama leSpain libonakala lihlotshaniswa nemikhiqizo eminingana ebambisene eqinisa umqondo wemboni evulekele ukusebenza ndawonye namanye amazwe.
Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-"The Sweetest," ebhalwe ngumqondisi waseMorocco uLaïla Marrakchi, indaba elandela iqembu labesifazane bezinkathi ezithile abashiya iMorocco beyokha ama-strawberry eHuelva, eSpain. Lokho okubonakala kuyithuba lezomnotho ekuqaleni kushayisana ngokushesha neqiniso eliphawulwa ukuhlukunyezwa, ukuhlukunyezwa, kanye... izimo zokusebenza ezingafanelekiAbalingiswa abaphambili banquma ukumelana nabaxhashazi babo ngosizo lukaPilar, ummeli waseSpain, endabeni egxile ekuxhashazweni kwabokufika eningizimu yeYurophu.
I-Sweetest iwuhlelo oluhlangene phakathi kweMorocco, iFrance, iBelgium, neSpain, futhi luhlanganisa umlingisi waseSpain u-Itsaso Arana eqenjini. Kuyisibonelo esicacile sendlela uchungechunge oluhlangene oluvumela ngayo ukuhlola izingqikithi zasendaweni ngokukhanga okucacile kwamazwe ngamazwe, into uCannes avame ukuyiqaphela ezinhlelweni zayo.
Okunye futhi ku-Un Certain Regard yi-The Melting, ebhalwe ngumqondisi waseChile uManuela Martelli, umbukiso ohlangene phakathi kweChile, i-Argentina, iFrance, neSpain. Ohlelwe eChile ngo-1992, ulandela u-Inés, intombazane eneminyaka eyishumi ubudala echitha ihlobo ehhotela likagogo nomkhulu wakhe eduze kwendawo yokushushuluza. Lapho uhlangana noHanna, umshushuluzi osemusha waseSweden oba yisithandwa sakhe esiqotho, kuze kube yilapho owesifazane osemusha enyamalala ngobusuku obubodwa. izimo eziyimfihlakaloLe filimu iveza uLuis Tosar futhi isekelwa yizinkampani zokukhiqiza ezixhumene ne-cinema yamuva yaseSpain.
Lokhu kuba khona esigabeni esifanayo kunezela ekuveleleni emncintiswaneni futhi kusiza ukudweba isithombe lapho iSpain ithatha indawo efanele hhayi nje kuphela ngezihloko zayo, kodwa futhi nekhono layo lokubambisana kumaphrojekthi aphesheya ngombono obucayi kanye nomsebenzi wesifunda somkhosi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lubuyisela phambili udaba olungaxazululwanga lwe- ukulingana ngokobulili Kukhetho Olusemthethweni. Nakuba inani labaqondisi besifazane ku-Un Certain Regard liphawuleka, abesifazane abahlanu kuphela abavela phakathi kwamagama angu-21 amenyezelwe ekuqaleni emncintiswaneni oyinhloko. Laba bahlanganisa abaqondisi baseYurophu uLéa Mysius, uJeanne Herry, uMarie Kreutzer, uCharline Bourgeois-Tacquet, kanye nomqondisi waseJalimane uValeska Grisebach, owethula i-The Dreamed Adventure.
Isikhathi segolide sesinema yaseSpain
Okuzokwenzeka eCroisette ngoMeyi kungaphezu nje kokuhlangana kwamafilimu amathathu aseSpain komunye wemikhosi ethonya kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuyisiphetho senqubo ebilokhu isanda kwenziwa iminyaka eminingi futhi muva nje ifinyelele izigaba ezibalulekile ngamafilimu afana neRomería kaCarla Simón kanye neSirat ka-Oliver Laxe, womabili abe nempumelelo enkulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Manje, igxathu elibalulekile liholwa yimibono emithathu ehlukene nge-auteur cinema: leyo yomdali osunguliwe ofana Pedro Almodovar, obuyela ekuzicabangeleni kwakhe ngombono ojulile; okaRodrigo Sorogoyen, oqinisa indawo yakhe kubantu abaphezulu baseYurophu ngokuhlola ukungezwani phakathi komuntu siqu nochwepheshe; kanye nokaJavis, owavelela enkundleni ngendaba ekhangayo yothando mayelana nenkumbulo, isifiso kanye nobunikazi, ehlanganiswe nomfanekiso kaLorca.
Abazungezile, iqembu labaculi—uJavier Bardem, uPenélope Cruz, uGlenn Close, uVictoria Luengo, uGuitarricadefuente, uMilena Smit, uBárbara Lennie, phakathi kwabanye abaningi—kanye nenethiwekhi yemikhiqizo ebambisene iqinisa umbono wokuthi i-cinema yaseSpain isishintshe ekubeni khona ngezikhathi ezithile yaba yinto eyenzeka njalo. umlingiswa ophindaphindayo yengxoxo yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukuthi iPalme d'Or ekugcineni iya eSpain akubalulekile kangako esikhathini esifushane; okubalulekile ukuthi, ohlelweni oluphethwe ngamagama amakhulu kuma-cinema ombhali aseYurophu nase-Asia, imboni yaseSpain ithatha indawo ephambili ngamafilimu amathathu aqinile, ahlukahlukene futhi aqashelwayo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi "impilo enhle" uThierry Frémaux akhuluma ngayo akuyona nje isiqubulo, kodwa yiqiniso elingabonakala esikrinini.
