Usosayensi waseLeĂłn USara GarcĂa AlonsoUmuntu ohamba phambili ku-biomedicine nasemkhakheni we-European space, usebuyele emakilasini lapho aqeqeshe khona enombono ocace kakhulu engqondweni: ukuguqula umsebenzi wakhe wokucwaninga ube umgomo wokuvelela, ukuthatha ulwazi olukhiqizwe kumalabhorethri aseSpain ngale komjikelezo woMhlaba.
Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwesikhungo Universidad de SalamancaUmcwaningi wachaza ukuthi inhloso yakhe enkulu yobungcweti akusewona nje ukufinyelela esikhaleni, kodwa ukwenza lokho njengososayensi osebenzayo, ehlanganisa umsebenzi wakhe we-biomedical esikhathini esizayo. Umsebenzi we-European Space Agency (ESA). ukuze ukubeka isayensi yeSpanishi phambili wokuhlola indawo.
Iphupho elimenyezelwe: ukuthatha isayensi yaseSpain ohambweni lwasemkhathini
Ekubonakaleni kwakhe phambi kwabezindaba kanye nomphakathi wasenyuvesi, usomkhathi wasesiqiwini akashiyanga indawo yokungabaza: Isifiso sakhe esikhulu ukubamba iqhaza kumishini ye-orbital lapho engasebenza khona kokubili njengomcwaningi kanye nosomkhathi. Uthe unomuzwa wokuthi "usenezinselelo eziningi ngaphambili," kodwa ekhetheke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izivivinyo namaphrojekthi athuthukiswe eSpain ahamba naye ngaphesheya kweplanethi.
Le ndlela ihambisana nephrofayili yakhe emibili: ngakolunye uhlangothi, uneziqu zobudokotela I-Molecular Biology of Cancer and Translational ResearchNgakolunye uhlangothi, uyilungu le-ESA Astronaut Reserve. Usosayensi ufuna le nhlanganisela idlulele ngale kokuqalisa kwakhe futhi ihumushele kumishini lapho engakwazi khona test in microgravity ucwaningo lwe-biomedical okwamanje lwenziwa ezikhungweni zikazwelonke ezihamba phambili.
UGarcĂa ugcizelele ukuthi ukuvakashela kwakhe eNyuvesi yaseSalamanca nakho kuyafuna ukusondeza umphakathi endleleni isayensi nobuchwepheshe Zithinta impilo yansuku zonke, eMhlabeni nasemkhathini. Kuye, izindlela ezihlukene umcwaningi azilandelayo kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe ekugcineni zihlangana endaweni efanayo: ukukhiqizela umphakathi izinzuzo ezibonakalayo.
Kulo mongo, ugcizelele ukuthi, uma eke wanikezwa umsebenzi, uzozizwa sengathi uhamba engamele nje i-ESA kuphela, kodwa futhi nocwaningo lwaseSpain, izikhungo eziye zameseka, kanye nabo bonke abantu abazibophezele ekuqiniseni ubukhona be-Europe kanye nokucwaninga. Spain emkhakheni womkhathiUkuchaza “njengomthwalo omkhulu” awuthatha ngomdlandla, kodwa nangenhlonipho.
Ukubuyela eSalamanca: Ukuziqhenya kwe-Alma Mater kanye nesayensi yezinga eliphezulu
Usuku eSalamanca lwaluthinta inhliziyo kakhulu. Umcwaningi wabuyela ekhempasini lapho aphothula khona izifundo zakhe zeziqu futhi wavikela i-thesis yakhe yobudokotela, indawo ayibheka “njengekhaya” futhi azizwa enokuxhumana okuqinile kuyo. Umqondisi uJuan Manuel Corchado kanye nePhini Lomphathi Wezocwaningo, u-José Miguel Mateos Roco, bahamba naye ohambweni lwesikhungo lwezikhala eziyizimpawu kakhulu zeSitudiyo.
Ekuseni, isazi sezinto eziphilayo savakashela Umtapo Wezincwadi Ojwayelekile WomlandoISalamanca Sky edumile kanye neSakhiwo Sezilimi Ezintathu se-Faculty of Sciences. Ekugcineni, wabelana ngemibono yakhe nomphakathi wasenyuvesi futhi wazwakalisa ukwaneliseka kwakhe ngokukwazi ukujabulela “usuku olukhetheke kakhulu” endaweni lapho aqala khona umsebenzi wakhe wokuba usosayensi.
Esitatimendeni sakhe, uGarcĂa ubelokhu encoma isikhungo. Ukuqinisekisile ukuthi uphenyo olwenziwayo Universidad de Salamanca "Kuyisimanga" futhi kugxile ikakhulukazi endimeni ye Isikhungo Sokucwaninga Ngomdlavuza, umsebenzi wakhe awuchaza njengokhethekile futhi uyisihluthulelo sokuthuthuka kwakhe kochwepheshe.
Njengoba echaza, i ukuqeqeshwa Ukuqeqeshwa akuthola eNyuvesi yaseSalamanca (USAL) kumnikeze amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze afike kude kuyo yomibili i-biomedicine kanye nomkhakha wasemkhathini. Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zakhe zobudokotela, wazizwa ekulungele ngokugcwele ukungenela amaphrojekthi asezingeni eliphezulu, into manje athi ihlobene kakhulu nekhwalithi yobuhlakani kanye namazinga aqinile esayensi ahlangabezana nawo mathupha.
Lokho kuxhumana neSalamanca akukhona nje kwezemfundo. Umcwaningi uyavuma ukuthi idolobha kanye nenyuvesi yalo kumenze waqonda isayensi, njengomzamo oqinile kodwa futhi ohlangene ovulekele umhlaba, manje afisa ukuwuletha endaweni yemishini ye-ESA. ukwenza umnikelo weSpanishi ubonakale kumaphrojekthi wamazwe ngamazwe.
Inkomfa, incwadi kanye nokuthandwa: isayensi yatshelwa kumuntu wokuqala
Ukubuyela kuka-Sara GarcĂa esitudiyo akuphelelanga nje ekuvakasheni kwesikhungo. I-ajenda ihlanganisa a ingqungquthela ivulekele umphakathi kuyi-Paraninfo ye-Edificio de las Escuelas Mayores, ehlelwe yi-Alumni-USAL, lapho usosayensi ezimisele ukuchaza ukuthi ucwaningo lwenziwa kanjani eMhlabeni nasemkhathini.
Inkulumo ihlelelwe ngo 18: amahora angu-00 Kucatshangwa njengokuhlangana nabantu baseSalamanca, lapho izihloko ezifana nezindlela zomsebenzi wabacwaningi, izindlela zemisebenzi abangaziphishekela kokubili ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwama-laboratories, kanye nomthelela wangempela wesayensi empilweni yansuku zonke zizobhekwa ngendlela efinyelelekayo. Inhloso kasomkhathi ukukhombisa ukuthi ngemuva kwayo yonke impumelelo kukhona iminyaka yokusebenza, ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, nokubekezela okukhulu.
Ngaphezu kwengqungquthela, usuku luhlanganisa a esayina amakhophi encwadi yakhe yokuqala ethi, “Orbits”Kulo msebenzi, u-GarcĂa wabelana ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe siqu, ukucabanga ngobuciko bocwaningo kanye nenqubo yakhe yokukhetha njengosonkanyezi we-ESA, enikeza ukubuka kwangaphakathi umhlaba ovame ukubonwa njengokude.
Ngayo kokubili incwadi yakhe kanye nokuvela kwakhe esidlangalaleni, usosayensi uhlose ukusondeza umsebenzi wansuku zonke wamalabhorethri nokuqeqeshwa emkhathini kubabukeli abaningi. Umgomo wakhe uwukusiza umphakathi ukuthi uqonde kangcono ukuthi ulwazi lwesayensi lwakhiwe kanjani nokuthi kungani lubaluleke kangaka. ukugcina ukutshalwa kwezimali okuzinzile ku-R&D&Inoma ngabe imiphumela ingasheshi.
Lesi sici sokufinyelela sesibe yingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi wakhe. Ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngomsebenzi wakhe, uyaphikelela ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani isayensi iyinhlangano insika ebalulekile kwezempilo, umnotho kanye nokusabela komhlaba wonke ezinseleleni ezinkulu, kusukela ezifweni ezinjengomdlavuza kuya ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu noma ukuhlola indawo ejulile.
Ukusuka eSalamanca kuya ku-CNIO kanye ne-ESA: umkhondo wephayona
Indlela kaSara GarcĂa eya ESA Astronaut Reserve ixhumene kakhulu nocwaningo lomdlavuza. Ngo-2018 wamthola I-PhD ku-Molecular Biology of Cancer and Translational Research yiNyuvesi yaseSalamanca enebanga eliphezulu kakhulu, kwathi ngo-2019 wathola umklomelo wobudokotela ongajwayelekile, ukuqashelwa kwekhwalithi yethisisi yakhe.
Ngawo lowo nyaka wajoyina Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Socwaningo Lwe-Oncology (CNIO)lapho ehola khona amaphrojekthi athuthukile agxile ekufuneni izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha zomdlavuza wamaphaphu nowe-pancreatic. Umsebenzi wakhe uyingxenye yemigqa yocwaningo esezingeni eliphezulu ehlanganisa ibhayoloji yamangqamuzana, izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha, nezindlela zokuhumusha ukuletha okutholakele okuyisisekelo eduze nokusebenza komtholampilo.
NgoNovemba 2022, umsebenzi wakhe washintsha lapho i- I-European Space Agency Wamkhetha njengelungu le-Astronaut Reserve, wamenza i- owesifazane wokuqala waseSpain ukufeza lesi sikhundlaKusukela lapho, uhlanganise izibopho zakhe e-CNIO nenqubo yokuqeqesha enzima ehilelekile ekulungiseleleni umsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo.
Umagazini weForbes ufake uGarcĂa ohlwini lwayo lwe I-100 Yabesifazane Abanethonya Kunabo Bonke eSpain Iminyaka emithathu ilandelana, wathola indondo ngokuhlonishwa kwephrofayili yakhe ekabili yesayensi nehlobene nendawo, kanye nendima yakhe njengesibonelo esihle ezizukulwaneni ezintsha. Uchaza ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zokutuswa aziyeki ukummangaza, kodwa futhi uzibona njengethuba lokugqamisa umsebenzi owenziwe ngamathimba abacwaningi.
Ngo-Okthoba 2024 kwaqala ngo I-European Astronaut Centre (EAC)E-Cologne, eJalimane, uhlelo lokuqala kwezintathu zokuqeqesha ezigciniwe lwaqala, olunamamojula aqinile ezinyanga ezimbili. Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kuhlanganisa yonke into kusukela ezicini zobuchwepheshe nezokusebenza zemishini ukuya ekuzilungiseleleni ngokomzimba, amakhono okusinda, nokusebenza kweqembu, njalo ngeso elibheke ekubambeni iqhaza okungaba khona ohambweni oluzayo lwe-orbital.
Ukuqeqeshwa, isibopho, kanye nezinselele zomuntu siqu ngaphambi komsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo
U-GarcĂa akalifihli iqiniso lokuthi inqubo yokuqeqesha ukuze ube usomkhathi oyigodlo iyadingeka. Izinhlelo ze-ESA zihlanganisa izikhathi zethiyori nezingokoqobo izifanisi zokuhamba emkhathiniUkuqeqeshwa kokuphepha nokuzivocavoca umzimba okuhlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi, uma isikhathi sifika, ilungu ngalinye leqembu lingasabela ezimeni ezibucayi ezindaweni ezibucayi.
Ezingxoxweni ezihlukahlukene, usosayensi ukuvumile lokho okunye kokwesaba kwakhe okukhulu Akuwona umsebenzi ku-mission yangempela, ukukhathazeka akubheka njengokunengqondo uma kubhekwa izinga lomthwalo wemfanelo ohilelekile ekuhambeni emkhathini omele izikhungo zesayensi, izwe kanye ne-European Space Agency ngokwayo.
Noma kunjalo, ubhekene nale nselele ngenhlanganisela yokuqapha kanye nogqozi. Uyazi ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kuklanywe ngokunembile ukunciphisa umkhawulo wephutha nokuthi isihluthulelo sise... ukulungiselela njalo, ukusebenzisana nalo lonke iqembu kanye nekhono lokwenza izinqumo ezisheshayo ezisekelwe ebufakazini besayensi kanye nezivumelwano ezimisiwe.
Usonkanyezi futhi ugcizelela isici esingokomfanekiso sohambo lwakhe olungase lube khona: uma ekugcineni enikezwa umsebenzi, uzobonakala njengommeleli obonakalayo we Isayensi yeSpanishi neYurophu kwesinye sezilungiselelo eziphezulu kakhulu, njenge- International Space StationUyazi ukuthi abantu abaningi bazolandela ezinyathelweni zakhe, ikakhulukazi intsha ebona ngezibalo ezifana nezakhe ukukhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa ucwaningo lwe-biomedical nokuhlola indawo.
Mayelana nalokhu, uveza ukuthi esinye sezici ezizuzisa kakhulu zokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kuze kube manje ukuzwa amantombazane emtshela ukuthi, ngenxa yesibonelo sakhe, Baye bakhuthazwa ukuba bafundele imisebenzi yesayensi noma ucabangele ushintsho lomsebenzi olubhekiswe emikhakheni exhumene nobuchwepheshe nesikhala.
Ukuvikela isayensi kuzinkulumo ezilula neziphikisana nesayensi
NgalĂ© kwekhondo lakhe lomsebenzi, u-Sara GarcĂa unaka ikakhulukazi umongo wezenhlalo lapho ucwaningo lwenzeka khona. Ezethulweni zakhe, uye waxwayisa ngengozi yezinkulumo ezithile Babuza isayensi. noma ezisakaza imilayezo elula mayelana nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi uma zivela kwizibalo ezinethonya elikhulu emphakathini.
Ngokubona kwakhe, ukwanda kwezindlela zabantu ezithembisayo “izixazululo ezilula"Ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwedatha noma izifundo eziqinile, kungabonisa ukuhlehla okuphawulekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwesintu. Khumbula ukuthi isayensi ayilona iqoqo lezindlela zokupheka ezisheshayo, kodwa inqubo esekelwe ekuqoqweni kolwazi, ukuhlola okulawulwayo, nokubuyekezwa njalo kwemiphumela."
UGarcĂa ugcizelela ukuthi isayensi iwuhlelo oluthembeke kakhulu Lolu ulwazi olusetshenziswa umphakathi ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi, kungaba ngezempilo, inqubomgomo yomphakathi, ukusungula izinto ezintsha, noma ukuphathwa kwezinhlekelele zomhlaba wonke. Uxwayisa ngokuthi ukuthonywa yimiyalezo ehlambalaza le ndlela kungaba nemiphumela emibi kwezenhlalo nezomnotho.
Iphinde idonsele ukunaka eqinisweni lokuthi into “ephikisana nesayensi” ayigcini nje ezweni elilodwa, kodwa ibonwa ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba, kuhlanganise neYurophu. Ngakho-ke, ikubona kubalulekile Ukuqinisa imfundo yesayensi, ukusatshalaliswa kwekhwalithi kanye nokubeka izinto obala ekuxhumaneni kocwaningo, ukwakha ukwethembana nokulwa nolwazi olunganembile.
Ngokuhambisana nalo mbono, usomkhathi ugcizelela ukubaluleka kokugcina nokwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezesayensi kanye ne-R&D&IUthi lezi zinkambu ziyisisekelo senqubekelaphambili kunoma yimuphi umphakathi wanamuhla, ngoba zondla yonke imikhakha ekhiqizayo futhi zisivumela ukuba sibhekane nezinselele zesikhathi esizayo ngeziqinisekiso ezinkulu, kusukela emithi yokwelapha emisha kuya ekushintsheni kwamandla noma ukuhlola indawo.
Ubizo olukhuthazayo: umyalezo oqondile oya emantombazaneni nakwabesifazane abasebasha abaphupha ngendawo
Enye yezindikimba eziphindaphindayo enkulumweni kaSara GarcĂa ukugqugquzela ubizo lwesayensi, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamantombazane nabesifazane abasebasha. Usebenzisa konke ukubonakala komphakathi ukuze alethe umlayezo ocacile: ungabeki imingcele ozibekele yonaukungazinaki izinkolelo-ze nokungavumeli ukungabi khona kwezibonelo eziseduze kube nomthelela ezinqumweni zabo.
Umcwaningi uveza ukuthi ayikho imisebenzi “yabesilisa” noma “yabesifazane,” nalokho Izindleko ze-STEM Izinkambu zeSayensi, ubuchwepheshe, ubunjiniyela, kanye nezibalo (STEM) zidinga amaphrofayili nemibono eyahlukene ukuze ziqhubeke nokuthuthuka. Ugomela ngokuthi noma ngubani, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ungowaluphi ubulili, angakwazi ukuphishekela le mikhakha ngamathuba afanele, ukwesekwa nokuqeqeshwa.
Ngokombono wakhe, ukuphishekela lokho okukugqugquzelayo ngempela futhi okukwenza ujabule kuwukubheja okuphephile, ngisho noma indlela inzima futhi igcwele izinselele. Mayelana nokuhlolwa komkhathi nocwaningo, uyavuma ukuthi kudinga ukuzinikela okukhulu, kodwa ugcizelela ukuthi Umzamo uwufanele. lapho umuntu ekwazi ukufaka isandla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuncane kangakanani, ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi kanye nenhlalakahle ngokuhlanganyela.
Usosayensi uphinde agqamise indima yezikhungo zemfundo kanye nezinhlelo zokufinyelela emphakathini ukunciphisa igebe lobulili. Izinhlelo eziqondile ezifana nemidlalo yokufundisa yezinganeUkweluleka nokukhulisa igama labesifazane abayizibonelo ezinhle kwezesayensi nobuchwepheshe kusiza amantombazane amaningi ukuthi acabangele izinketho zemisebenzi, kuze kube muva nje, ebezibonakala zingaphezu kwamandla awo.
KuGarcĂa, zonke izingxoxo nabafundi, zonke izinkulumo ezikhungweni zemfundo, kanye nayo yonke imihlangano efana naleyo ehlelwe eSalamanca ingamathuba okuqinisa lo mbono: Ithalente labiwa ngokulinganayoFuthi okudingekayo ukuthi uhlelo lunikeze izindlela zokuthi lelo thalente lithuthuke ngokulingana, kokubili kumalabhorethri kanye nasezindlini zokuyala zemishini yasemkhathini yesikhathi esizayo.
Lonke lolu hambo lomuntu siqu nolochwepheshe lwenza isithombe esicacile: esososayense ohlanganisa umsebenzi waselabhorethri nokuqeqeshwa komkhathi, olwela ukwenza kahle Ucwaningo lweSpanishi futhi ithatha ngokungathi sĂna umthwalo wemfanelo wokuba yisibonelo esihle ezizukulwaneni ezintsha. Iphupho lakhe elishiwo lokuyisa isayensi kazwelonke emkhathini lihlanganisa isifiso esihlangene: sokuthi ulwazi, amaphrojekthi, kanye namaqembu asebenza njengamanje ezikhungweni ezifana neNyuvesi yaseSalamanca (USAL) noma i-Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO) azowela umngcele womkhathi futhi anikele, kusukela lapho, ekuthuthukiseni ukuqonda kwethu impilo, impilo, kanye nendawo yonke.
