Kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMashi, umkhomo one-humpback obizwa ngokuthi uTimmy Lesi simo sithinte iJalimane kanye nengxenye enkulu yeYurophu. I-cetacean enkulu, ekude nendawo yayo yemvelo e-Atlantic, isalokhu ivaleleke emanzini angajulile oLwandle iBaltic futhi isibe yindawo ebalulekile yomsebenzi wokusindisa oyinkimbinkimbi, impikiswano enkulu yokuziphatha, kanye nokusakazwa kwabezindaba okungapheli.
Indaba iyahlangana ubunjiniyela, isayensi, ubushoshovu, kanye nemizwa eminingi ehlangenePhakathi kwemibiko yezilwane, izinqumo zezepolitiki, kanye nokungenelela kwezigidi ezimbili ezinqume ukuxhasa uhlelo lokuhlenga ngesikhathi, izwe libheke cishe ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze libone ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukubuyisela uTimmy olwandle oluvulekile noma, njengoba abanye ochwepheshe besikisela, into enobuntu kakhulu kungaba ukuvumela lesi silwane siphele ngokuthula endaweni lapho sizinze khona ogwini lolwandle.
Indlela uTimmy abhajwe ngayo oLwandle iBaltic
UTimmy wabonakala okokuqala ku- Mhla zi-3 kuNdasa emanzini oLwandle iBalticLe ndawo ayiyona ingxenye yendlela evamile yokufuduka kwemikhomo yama-humpback. Ukubona kokuqala kwenzeke eduze neLübeck Bay, esifundazweni saseSchleswig-Holstein, indawo eyinselele yesilwane esilingana naso, esijwayele amanzi ajulile nanosawoti omningi.
Ochwepheshe abakakwazi ukunquma ngokuqiniseka Kungani lesi silwane sangena kakhulu kangaka oLwandle iBaltic?Phakathi kwemibono ephindaphindwayo kakhulu ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wadideka. kulandela izikole ze-herring ngesikhathi sokufuduka kwayo, noma mhlawumbe isici esithile sendawo noma i-acoustic sathinta ikhono layo lokuziqondisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyini isizathu, umphumela ube ukuthi i-cetacean kuye kwadingeka ihambe endaweni exakile yezingqimba zesihlabathi namanzi angajulile okuye kwabonakala kuyingozi.
Kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi, umkhomo uhlale bavaleleke izikhathi eziningana ezindaweni ezahlukene ogwini lwaseJalimaneOkokuqala, wabhajwa esihlabathini eduze kwaseLübeck, lapho amaqembu okutakula, esekelwa yi-dredge, agubha khona umzila ukuze akwazi ukuzikhulula. UTimmy wakwazi ukuzikhulula okwesikhashana, kodwa esikhundleni sokuya emanzini ajulile, waqhubeka nokukhukhuleka waya oLwandle iBaltic.
Lolo hambo olungaqondakali lwabe selumyisa eWismar Bay eMecklenburg-Western Pomerania, lapho aphinde wacwila khona futhi, kamuva, Ekugcineni yawela phansi eduze nePoel IslandUkujula kwendawo kungamamitha ayi-1 nesigamu amanzi, akwanele umkhomo one-humpback ubude obungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-12 bungakwazi ukuhamba ngendlela evamile futhi buthole amandla olwandle oluvulekile.
Isimo sempilo yomkhomo kanye nemizamo yokuqala ehlulekile
Njengoba kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi lesi silwane sahlala singanyakazi eduze kwasePoel, amaqembu avela eGerman Oceanographic Museum eStralsund, odokotela bezilwane kanye nososayensi bezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle Baqala ukuqapha isimo sayo eduze. Imibiko yokuqala yayivele ikhombe ukuwohloka okusheshayo: isikhumba sayo sabonisa umonakalo obonakalayo ngenxa yosawoti ophansi waseBaltic kanye nokuvezwa isikhathi eside, kanti umkhomo wawungashintshi ndawo.
Izinga lokuphefumula libe ngenye yezinkomba eziqashwe kakhulu. Ngokusho kwedatha enikezwe nguNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo wesifunda, uTill Backhaus, UTimmy uphefumula njalo ngemizuzu emibili kuya kwemihlanuKuyindlela ezinzile, kodwa eshintsha uma uzama kancane ukusondela. Ochwepheshe bachaza lesi silwane "njengesiguli esigula kakhulu," esinamandla alinganiselwe kanye nekhono lokusabela elinciphile.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, okulandelayo kwenzeke ukuvivinya okuningana kokusindisa okusekelwa yimikhumbi yamaphoyisa, izikebhe zerabha, imishini yokumba kanye nemigodi yokudonsa amanziELübeck, ukumba umsele kwavumela umkhomo ukuba uzikhulule ebhange lesihlabathi, kodwa lokhu kunqoba okulinganiselwe kwaba okwesikhashana: i-cetacean yaphinde yabanjwa ngokushesha eWismar Bay, futhi kamuva, yasuka ePoel, ingazange ithole ukujula okwanele ukuze ibheke eNorth Sea.
Ukuqongelela kokwehluleka kanye nokukhathala okuqhubekayo kwesilwane kwaholela iziphathimandla ukuba zicabange kabusha isu lazo. Ngemva kokubonisana nososayensi abangochwepheshe kanye nodokotela bezilwane, Isiphetho sokuqala sasinzima.Amathuba okusindiswa okuphumelelayo ayebhekwa njengaphansi kakhulu, futhi ngokwaleyo mibiko, inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza kungaba ukugwema ukungenelela okunamandla nokumshiya yedwa, amukele ukuthi cishe ngeke asinde.
Isikhathi esithile, inkulumo esemthethweni yayigxile ku- ukuqinisekisa "ukuthula" kwe-cetacean Manje sebehlola kuphela ukuthi ukuba khona kwayo kanye nokufa kwayo ekugcineni kungaba yingozi yini emvelweni noma empilweni yomphakathi. Ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwe-catamaran ekhethekile efike ivela eDenmark kwakungavunyelwe, njengoba ochwepheshe bexwayise ngengozi enkulu yokulimala uma lesi silwane sishukunyiswa ngenkani.
Ukujika kwamadigri angu-180: umsebenzi wangasese onobungozi obukhulu
Isimo sashintsha lapho, ngemva kwamasonto angaphezu kwamabili umkhomo uvaleleke phambi kwePoel, UTimmy wayesabonisa izimpawu zokuphila futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, yayibonisa ukunyakaza kwamafindo, iphakamise ikhanda layo emanzini noma ikhiphe imisindoLeyo ngxenye yokumelana, kanye nesinyathelo sosomabhizinisi ababili, kwavula umnyango womzamo wokutakula onezinjongo ezinkulu kakhulu.
Abalingiswa abaphambili balolu hlelo olusha yilaba UWalter Gunz, umsunguli weMediaMarkt, futhi UKarin Walter-Mommert, oxhumene nomhlaba wezemidlalo yamahhashiBobabili banquma ukuxhasa ngezimali umsebenzi wangasese wokuzama ukukhulula uTimmy ogwini lwesihlabathi nokumdonsa aye olwandle. Lo msebenzi wethulwa eziphathimandleni zaseMecklenburg-Western Pomerania, ezagcina ziwuvumile lo mkhankaso, yize zazicacisa ukuthi wonke umthwalo wemfanelo oqondile uzoba phezu kwabagqugquzeli.
Isiphakamiso sobuchwepheshe siqukethe: ukuphakamisa umkhomo usebenzisa imicamelo emikhulu yomoya ibekwe ngaphansi komzimba waso. Uma isiphakanyisiwe ngokucophelela, lesi silwane sasibekwa phezu kwendwangu enkulu, exhunywe ezindizeni ezimbili ezintantayo ezazizovumela ukuthuthwa kwaso. Isikebhe sokuhudula sasizodonsa lesi sakhiwo siwele uLwandle iBaltic, sihlose ukufinyelela emanzini ajulile endleleni eya eNorth Sea kanye, uma kungenzeka, e-Atlantic.
Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, ukusebenza okumangalisayo kwezokuthutha echwebeni laseKirchdorfEsiqhingini sasePoel, amaloli amaningana athuthe izikebhe zerabha, imishini esindayo, izakhiwo zama-pontoon, kanye nendawo enkulu yokudonsa amanzi. Indawo yokudonsa amanzi ifakwe emshinini wokumba, ofakwe kuma-pontoon, uthuthelwa endaweni lapho umkhomo ulele khona ukuze udonse isihlabathi kanye nenhlabathi esuka phansi kolwandle.
I-dredge, exhunywe epayipini elikhulu, iyakwazi ukuhudula Ama-cubic metres angu-400 esihlabathi ngehoraLokhu kuvumela ukuthi iphansi lolwandle lisuswe ngqo ngaphansi kwamaphiko nesisu somkhomo. Inhloso ukungenisa ama-floats aphumile ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo, bese uwafaka kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho umzimba kaTimmy ulenga futhi ithayela lokuthutha lingancishiswa ngaphansi.
Odokotela bezilwane, ababhukudi kanye neziphathimandla: ukuhlanganiswa kwamamilimitha
Ngesikhathi imishini ihlanganiswa futhi imininingwane yokugcina yohlelo ilungiswa, ithimba elixubile lodokotela bezilwane, ababhukudi kanye nochwepheshe Zihlala nomkhomo nsuku zonke. Ezikebheni zerabha, zisondela ekuseni kakhulu ukuze zihlole izimpawu zokuphila, zihlole isimo sesikhumba saso, futhi zisigcine simanzi ngangokunokwenzeka—okubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuhlupheka kwesilwane emanzini angajulile.
Phakathi kochwepheshe abathintekayo, okulandelayo kuyagqama U-Janine Bahr van Gemmert, udokotela wezilwane ovame ukusebenza esiqhingini saseFöhr futhi manje uhlanganyela kulolu hlelo oluzimele. Uchaze ukuthi ithimba lisebenza “ngolwazi olungcono kakhulu kanye nokuqwashisa ngesilwane” futhi ugcizelela ukuthi kusekhona “ithuba langempela” lokuthi uTimmy uzosinda uma ukudluliselwa kuphumelele futhi umlomo wakhe ukhululiwe kukho izinsalela zamanethi okwenza kube nzima ngaye ukuzondla.
Ungqongqoshe wesifunda uTill Backhaus, owayevikele inketho yokungaphinde kungenelele, uvumile ukuthi "kuguquke amadigri ayi-180" esu. Ngemva kokubukeza iphrojekthi, uthe "Kungenzeka ukuthi lolu hlelo luzophumelela." nokuthi ufuna ukusebenzisa lelo thuba, yize ephikelela ngokuthi yisiguli esigula kakhulu nokuthi isilinganiso samaphutha sincane kakhulu.
Okwamanje, imibiko yesayensi evela I-German Oceanographic Museum (DMM) kanye ne-Institute for Research on Terrestrial and Aquatic Fauna (ITAW) Bayavuma ukuthi amathuba okuphumelela aphansi nokuthi ingozi yokulimala ngesikhathi sokuhamba ibanga elide. Kodwa-ke, bagcizelela nokuthi uma umkhomo uhlala lapho ukhona, kulindeleke ukuthi ufe esikhathini esifushane, okugcine sekubeke izikali esikalini esikhundleni sokuthatha isinyathelo.
UBackhaus ukubeke kwacaca ukuthi, nakuba abathuthukisi abazimele bethatha umthwalo wemfanelo osemthethweni, Iziphathimandla zizophelezela futhi ziqondise zonke izinyathelo lo msebenzi. Ungqongqoshe uze waveza nokuthi ukulungele ukuthatha noma yimuphi umthwalo wemfanelo wezepolitiki ovela kulokho okwenzekayo, eqaphela ukuthi umphumela uzobhekwa kakhulu ngumphakathi.
Isizwe esilinde uTimmy: abezindaba, amanethiwekhi omphakathi kanye nengxoxo yokuxhumana nabantu
Icala likaTimmy selidlule ngokushesha emikhakheni yesayensi neyokuphatha laba isenzakalo senhlalo eJalimaneAmanethiwekhi kamabonakude athumele abasebenzi bawo kule ndawo, kanti amanye amemezele ukusakazwa bukhoma komsebenzi wokutakula, ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lesithakazelo sababukeli. Iziteshi zemidiya zedijithali zithumela izexwayiso ngisho nangoshintsho oluncane kakhulu esimweni somkhomo.
Amaphephandaba aneziphrofayili ezahlukene kakhulu ayamukele le ndaba. Kusukela kwabezindaba abavusa inkanuko, abahambe ibanga elide baze bafika eqophelweni eliphezulu kuyo yonke intshukumo encane yefin noma ukukhamuluka ngakunye, kuya emaphephandabeni ahamba phambili ashicilele izinhlelo ezifuna ukuthi kwenziwe konke okusemandleni ukuze "khulula umkhomo"Ngesikhathi samaholide ePhasika, isithombe sikaTimmy sasakazeka kabanzi futhi imindeni eminingi yaya ogwini ukuze nje ibone isilwane esisele sisogwini sikude.
Imithombo yezokuxhumana idlale indima ebalulekile ku- ukwakhiwa kwesithombe sikaTimmy njengophawuKwakukule ziteshi lapho igama layo laqala ukuthandwa khona, kamuva lamukelwa yimithombo yezindaba kanye namaqembu okutakula. Abasebenzisi kulo lonke izwe babelana ngamavidiyo, izithombe, kanye nemibono ngalokho okufanele kwenziwe, kuyilapho abanye abalandeli abashisekayo beze bagxumela emanzini besuka ezikebheni ukuze bazame ukusondela kumkhomo, naphezu kwezixwayiso.
Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwanda kwababukeli, amaphoyisa asungule umngcele wokuphepha ongafika kumamitha angu-500 Endaweni lapho umkhomo uphumule khona, iziphathimandla zendawo ziqapha ugu, ikakhulukazi ngezimpelasonto lapho isimo sezulu esihle sandisa inani lezivakashi. Eduze, amatende, ama-binoculars, kanye nabantu babonakale bebuka lesi silwane amahora amaningi, bebona yonke into esiyenzayo.
Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo nakho kusakazeke engxoxweni yomphakathi. Imibhikisho nemibuthano ebhishi laseWismar Bacele "ukusindisa uTimmy" ngazo zonke izindleko, kuyilapho kumabonakude nasezinkundleni ze-inthanethi, kuxoxwa ngokuthi ngabe kuyinto efanele yini ukwelula ukuhlupheka kwesilwane esigula kakhulu ngezinqubo ezihlaselayo ezingase zingasebenzi.
Ochwepheshe bahlukene phakathi futhi izinhlangano zemvelo ziyaqaphela
Uhlelo lokutakula olunesifiso esikhulu oluxhaswe osomabhizinisi ababili alunalo ukwesekwa ngazwi linye emphakathini wesayensi noma phakathi kwabantu. izinhlangano zezemveloOchwepheshe bezilwane zasendle eziningana zasolwandle bebexwayisa amasonto amaningi mayelana nobuthakathaka balesi silwane kanye nezingozi ezihilelekile ekuphatheni i-cetacean enobukhulu obungako endaweni elinganiselwe njengoLwandle iBaltic.
Isibonelo, iGreenpeace inqume ukungasekeli ukuthengiselana okuqhubekayoOkhulumela le nhlangano uthe, ngokolwazi lwesayensi olutholakalayo, uTimmy uyagula futhi ubuthakathaka kakhulu, ngakho bakholelwa ukuthi inketho enomthwalo wemfanelo kakhulu kungaba ukumvumela ukuba aphele ngokuthula, kugwenywe ukumcindezela ngeminye imizamo yokumsindisa engasheshisa umphumela obuhlungu.
Naphezu kwalokhu kubhuka, abanye ochwepheshe banethemba elikhulu. Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ezifana noBoris Culik, ezivela eGeomar Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research eKielBachaza ukuhlengwa kwangasese “njengokushaqeka kwenhlanhla,” njengoba intando yezepolitiki, izinsizakusebenza zezimali, kanye namakhono obuchwepheshe adingekayo ukuzama into enkulu kangaka akuvamile ukuhlangana. Kodwa-ke, bagcizelela ukuthi isihluthulelo kuzoba ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwesilwane, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukususa ngokuphelele izingcezu zenetha okusolwa ukuthi siziphethe emlonyeni waso.
Ezingeni lobuchwepheshe, wonke umuntu uyavuma ukuthi inselele enkulu ukuphakamisa nokuthutha i-cetacean ngaphandle kokubangela ukuphuka kwangaphakathi, ukulimala kwemisipha, noma ukulimala kwezitho zomzimbaUkucindezela okungalingani ezintanteni, ukubekwa okungafanele kwe-tarpaulin, noma ukunyakaza okungazelelwe kwama-pontoon kungaba nemiphumela engenakulungiseka. Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela nababhukudi basebenza ngesivinini esiphansi kunalokho okwakuhleliwe ekuqaleni, behlola konke ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.
UBackhaus ngokwakhe uchaze obala uTimmy ngokuthi “isiguli esigula kakhulu” futhi ucele ukulindela okulinganiselwe. Nakuba evumile ukuthi lesi silwane “senza kangcono kunalokho obekulindelwe” ngemva kwezinsuku eziningi kangaka singasekho emsebenzini, uphinde wagcizelela ukuthi Akekho ongaqinisekisa umphumela omuhle.Umkhawulo phakathi kokuhlenga okuphumelelayo nokwehluleka okubi kakhulu mncane kakhulu.
Kunoma ikuphi, iziphathimandla kanye nabagqugquzeli baphikelela ukuthi benza “ngolwazi nokuqonda okungcono kakhulu” okutholakalayo njengamanje, ngokulinganisela okubucayi phakathi isifiso sokusindisa isilwane kanye nesibopho sokungasibi kakhulu isimo sasoInkinga, cishe ngokungenakugwenywa, egcine iguqule uTimmy waba uphawu lwezingxoxo zanamuhla mayelana nenhlalakahle yezilwane, ukungenelela kwabantu emvelweni, kanye nemingcele yobuchwepheshe.
Indaba edlula icala lomkhomo owodwa
Ngaphandle komphumela othize walo msebenzi, icala likaTimmy ligcizelele amaphutha amaningana kanye nemibuzo eyisisekelo ekuphathweni kwezimo eziphuthumayo ezihilela izilwane zasendle ezinkulu zasolwandle eYurophu. IJalimane, izwe elaziwa ngemithetho yalo eningiliziwe, lazithola lingenayo inqubo ecacile yomkhomo we-humpback ovaleleke oLwandle iBaltic, okwaphoqa iziphathimandla ukuba zizenzele izinto ezintsha phakathi kwemibiko yesayensi, ingcindezi yomphakathi, kanye nemingcele yezomthetho.
Ezingeni lokuphatha, inqubo ibiyinkimbinkimbi: izicelo zemibiko yezempilo, izingxoxo mayelana nomthetho wesifunda nowesifundazweUkuhlolwa komthelela wemvelo kanye nezingxoxo mayelana nokuthi ubani okufanele athwale izingozi zomthetho nezomnotho zokusebenza kwalolu hlobo. Konke lokhu kusesimweni esiphuthumayo, isimo sesilwane siba sibi nsuku zonke.
Lesi siqephu sibonisa nokuthi umbono womphakathi ungathonya kangakanani izinqumo zobuchwepheshe. Igagasi lozwela elidalwe nguTimmy lilethe imindeni, ababukeli, izishoshovu kanye nabezindaba ogwini, kwakha isimo lapho ukungenzi lutho kubhekwa njengokuhluleka kokuziphatha, ngisho noma ingxenye yomphakathi wesayensi isikisela ukuqapha.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indaba yomkhomo i-humpback obanjwe eBaltic isebenza njengesikhumbuzo salokhu ubuthakathaka bezilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu zasolwandle Lezi zilwane zibhekene nezinselele ezifana nokungcola, umsindo ongaphansi kwamanzi, amanetha okudoba, kanye nokushintsha kwemizila yokufuduka. Nakuba imbangela eyodwa ingakaqinisekiswa kulesi simo esithile, ukuba khona kwemfucumfucu yemishini yokudoba kanye nokuguqulwa kwesimiso sezinto zasolwandle kuyingxenye yomongo ozungeze lezi zilwane.
Ngesikhathi kubekwa ama-pontoon, ama-dredge, nama-floats futhi amaqembu elungisa yonke imininingwane ngokulindela isikhathi esibalulekile, UTimmy uyaqhubeka nokuphefumula emanzini angajulile oLwandle iBalticLizungezwe ukuthunyelwa kwabantu nobuchwepheshe okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, izwe libukela njengoba kwenzeka umsebenzi ohlanganisa ithemba nengozi ngokulinganayo, liqaphela ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umphumela uba yini, lo mkhomo usuvele ushiye uphawu olujulile empikiswaneni mayelana nendlela esihlala ngayo futhi esenza ngayo lapho sibhekene nobuthakathaka bezinto zasolwandle eYurophu.