Isithombe esisha se- James Webb Space Telescope yembula ngokucace okukhulu iqoqo lePismis 24 enhliziyweni yalabo okuthiwa I-lobster Nebula, indawo eseduze ye-Milky Way lapho kuzalwa khona izinkanyezi ezinkulu. Uma uthi nhlá ubukeka sengathi ukhanyisiwe, kodwa empeleni uthuli oluqoshiwe negesi ngemisebe kanye nomoya ovela ezinkanyezini ezisanda kwakhiwa.
Kuqoshwe ngekhamera ye eduze ne-infrared NIRCam, isehlakalo sibonisa izinkulungwane zezindawo ezigqamile kanye nesithombe esisawolintshi esisikhumbuza izintaba. Okubonwa njengomusi phezu kweziqongo kukhona imigubuzelo yegesi nothuli esakaza ukukhanya kwenkanyezi, kuyilapho ibhande elitshekile lamathoni e-ocher liwela ingxenye engaphezulu kwesokudla yohlaka.
I-Pismis 24, i-nursery yezinkanyezi ebonakalayo
Iqoqo litholakala eScorpius, cishe Iminyaka engama-5.500 ekhanyayo, futhi isingatha esinye sezifunda ezisebenza kakhulu ezenza inkanyezi eduze nomhlaba. Ukuzwela kweWebb kuvumela ukuthi ihlukanise hhayi izinkanyezi kuphela kuqoqo, kodwa futhi amashumi ezinkulungwane zezinkanyezi ezitholakala ngemuva, endizeni ye-Milky Way, futhi zikhiqize izithombe zenkanyezi ngemininingwane enkulu.
Maphakathi nesithombe kume iPismis 24-1, inkanyezi okwase kuyiminyaka kucatshangwa ukuthi iyingqayizivele futhi inkulu kakhulu. Ukuqaphela okunembe kakhudlwana kubonisa ukuthi iyisistimu enokungenani izingxenye ezimbili, obuningi bayo buzungeze izikhathi ezingama-74 nezingu-66 kunezeLanga, phakathi kwezinto ezikhanya kakhulu nezinamandla ezaziwa emthaleni wethu, isibonelo esicacile se izinkanyezi ezinkulu.
Izinkanyezi ezigqame kakhulu zibonisa iziqongo zokwehluka kwe amaphuzu ayisithupha, isiginesha evamile kulolu hlobo lwensimbi yezinkanyezi ezinkulu kakhulu. Ngokuphambene, amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zamalungu amancane eqoqo abonakala enemibala emhlophe, ephuzi, nebomvu, kuye ngohlobo lwenkanyezi yawo kanye nenani lothuli eliwazungezile.
I-spire ephakeme kakhulu odongeni oluwolintshi ikhomba eqenjini eliphakathi, futhi isisekelo sayo singabamba cishe amakhulu ezinhlelo zelanga Ngobukhulu obuqhathaniswa nokuzungeza kwe-Neptune, ukhakhayi lufinyelela cishe eminyakeni engu-5,4 yokukhanya, okuyisilinganiso esigcizelela ubukhulu balezi zakhiwo.
Kusho ukuthini imibala nezimo
Iphalethi yesayensi esetshenzisiwe isiza uku chaza i-physics yesifunda: ithoni e-cyan imele hot, i-hydrogen ionized ukujatshuliswa imisebe evela ezinkanyezini ezinkulu; i-orange ilandelela ama-molecule othuli okukhumbuza intuthu; namamaki abomvu i-hydrogen yamangqamuzana kubanda futhi kuminyene, lapho kuzalwa khona izinkanyezi ezintsha.
Izindawo ezimnyama zibonisa igesi eminyene kakhulu engavumeli noma yikuphi ukukhanya kuphume, kuyilapho ukukhanya okumhlophe okusabalele kuhambisana uthuli negesi ekuhlakazweni. Phakathi kwamagquma, kukhona amakholomu afana nomunwe nemicu ekhomba emithonjeni yemisebe: lapho icindezelwa yingcindezi nomoya, amathiphu ayo angakwazi. bhidlika futhi wenze izinkanyezi ngaphakathi.
Imisebe eshisayo eqopha i-nebula
Izinkanyezi ezishisa kakhulu, ezincane kunazo zonke endaweni—ezinye ezinamazinga okushisa aphindwe izikhathi eziningana kuneLanga—zikhiqiza umoya onamandla futhi emisebeni abrasive egubha imbobo odongeni lwe-nebula. Leli bhamuza lidlulela ngale kwenkundla yokubuka ye-NIRCam, nakuba amasegimenti angabonwa phansi nangaphezulu kwesokudla sesithombe.
Amajethi nama-front nawo angabonakala. igesi ionized ezigeleza zivela ezingodini, nezinsika ezimangalisayo zegesi elikhazimulayo elimelana nokuguguleka. Ama-morphologies anjalo, abonwa ngemininingwane ye-infrared, abalulekile ekwakheni kabusha ukuthi impendulo evela ezinkanyezini ezinkulu ilawula kanjani ukuzalwa kwezizukulwane ezintsha wezinkanyezi.
I-observatory ngemuva kwesithombe
I-Webb yiyona indawo yokubuka umkhathi de usayizi omkhulu namandla ithunyelwe emkhathini, umphumela wokubambisana phakathi kwe-NASA, i-ESA, ne-Canadian Space Agency. I-Europe ibe nesandla ekwethulweni nge-Ariane 5, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-spectrograph I-NIRSpec kanye nohhafu wethuluzi le-MIRI le-infrared eliphakathi nendawo, elithuthukiswe ngokubambisana nozakwethu bamazwe ngamazwe.
Isibuko sayo sokuqala esingamamitha angu-6,5, esinamathelwe ngaso oro, kanye nesithunzi selanga esinezendlalelo ezinhlanu esilingana nenkundla yethenisi sivumela ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu. I-observatory itholakala cishe Amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingama-1,6 ukusuka eMhlabeni, ibanga elenza ukulungiswa okuqondile kungenzeki, futhi ukwakheka kwalo kulungiselelwe ukutadisha indawo yonke ku-infrared, ukusuka kumaplanethi amancane kuya kweyokuqala. imithala ngemva kweBig Bang.
Ngezithombe ezifana nalezo zePismis 24, iWebb iqinisa indima yayo njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokuqonda zakha futhi zithuthuka kanjani izinkanyezi ezinkulu kakhulu nokuthi indawo ezizungezile yegesi nothuli ilolongwa kanjani amandla eziwakhululayo.
