Emhlabeni jikelele, ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi sekuyinto eza kuqala ekuvimbeleni ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukuzinzisa isimo sezulu, nokubuyisela impilo yezindawo eziphelelwe yisikhathi. Nakuba sivame ukucabanga ngabasebenzi abatshala izihlahla, empeleni kunezindlela eziningi zokululama kwehlathi, kusukela ekuvuselelweni kwemvelo kuya ekuvuselelweni kwamahlathi okuhleliwe kusetshenziswa amasu okulima anembile kakhulu.
Isihluthulelo sisekwazini ukuthi iyiphi indlela esebenza kahle endaweni ngayinye, ukuthi imvelo ilulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngokwayo, nokuthi kufanele nini ukungenelela ekuhlwanyeleni noma ekutshaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impumelelo ayisaxhomekile kuphela emsebenzini wasensimini: namuhla singaqapha ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezintsha zamahlathi sisebenzisa izithombe zesathelayithi kanye nezinkomba zezitshalo ezinikeza izixwayiso kusenesikhathi uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.
Sisho ukuthini ngokuvuselelwa kwehlathi futhi kungani kudingekile?
Uma sikhuluma ngokuvuselelwa kabusha, sibhekisela enkambisweni lapho indawo iphinda imbozwe khona yizihlahla nezitshalo zemvelo, kungaba ngokwemvelo noma ngokungenelela komuntu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi kuhilela ukutshalwa kabusha kwezihlahla ezindaweni ezilahlekelwe yizo, kungaba ngenxa yokugawulwa kwezihlahla, imililo, noma eminye imiphumela. Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwamahlathi kusetshenziswa ngezizathu eziningi ezahlukene: ukubuyisa izindawo ngemva kokugawulwa kwezihlahla, ukulungisa umonakalo ngemva kwezinhlekelele zemvelo, ukubuyisela ukusetshenziswa komhlaba ongakavuthwa, ukuvuselela amahlathi agugile, noma ukugcina ukuzinza kwemvelo.
Izihlahla zigcina inhlabathi endaweni yazo, zivikela izitshalo namakhaya emoyeni, ziqinise ugu lwemifula kanye nogu, futhi zihlinzeka ngezindawo zokuhlala zezinhlobo ezihlukile . Ezindaweni ezonakele, ukubuyisela isembozo sezihlahla kusiza ekunciphiseni ukuguguleka komhlabathi kanye nokwehlane. Ngisho nalapho kungakaze kube khona inhlekelele muva nje, ukuqinisa isembozo sehlathi kwandisa ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo futhi kuthuthukisa ukuqina kwendawo lapho isomiso noma iziphepho zihlasela.
Nakuba kunezibopho zomhlaba wonke zokumisa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi—ngokwesibonelo, iSimemezelo SaseNew York Samahlathi (2014) sasihlose ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamahlathi ngesigamu ngo-2020 futhi sikumise ngo-2030—ngokoqobo, ingcindezi ayizange yehle, futhi kwezinye izikhathi, izinga lonyaka liye landa kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ihektha ngalinye esikwazi ukulivuselela ngempumelelo libalulekile, futhi libaluleke kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izinto ezingaxazululwa ngokutshala okukhulu: kwezinye izimo, inkambo ehlakaniphile kakhulu yesenzo ukuvumela ihlathi lizivuselele ngokwalo futhi, uma kudingeka, lisize ngokususa izithiyo kulokho kukhula kwemvelo. Kwezinye, lapho inhlabathi iphazamiseke kakhulu noma kungekho mithombo yembewu, kuzodingeka isinyathelo esiqinile.
Okokugcina, ukuvuselelwa kabusha akukhona nje ukutshala izihlahla ukuze uzitshale: umgomo wokugcina ukubuyisela isakhiwo semvelo kanye nomsebenzi wehlathi, ukuze liphinde lihlinzeke ngamanzi ahlanzekile, inhlabathi evundile kanye nendawo yokukhosela izilwane zasendle, kanye nezimpahla nezinsizakalo zemiphakathi.
Izindlela zokuvuselela: ezemvelo, ezisizwayo nezokwenziwa
Ngokubanzi, kunezindlela ezintathu: ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo , ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo okusizwayo (i-ANR), kanye nokuvuselelwa kwamahlathi okwenziwa. Ekuvuselelweni kwemvelo, i-ecosystem ngokwayo igcwalisa indawo ngembewu evela endaweni ezungezile kanye namahlumela ezimpande, ngaphandle kokungenelela. Kuhamba kancane, kodwa kuyigugu kakhulu uma kukhona izinsalela zehlathi eduze kanye nebhange lembewu enhlabathini.
Ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo okusizwayo kuthatha indawo ephakathi nendawo. Imiphakathi yendawo kanye nabanini bomhlaba basusa izithiyo ezivimbela ukukhula kabusha: ukwakha izithiyo zomlilo, ukususa imfucumfucu eyomile eyenza kube lula umlilo, ukunciphisa ukhula nezinhlobo ezihlaselayo, ukubiyela ukuvikela imfuyo kude nezithombo, ukuhambisa amanzi enhlabathini, ukuthena ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula kabusha, futhi, uma kudingeka, ukutshala izindawo eziqondiwe ukugcwalisa izikhala noma ukuvuselela izinhlobo ezibalulekile. Kuguquguqukayo, kushibhile kunokutshala yonke into kusukela ekuqaleni, futhi, ezimweni eziningi, kuyashesha ukutshala ngezinga elikhulu.
Okokugcina, ukuvuselelwa noma ukuphinda kutshalwe amahlathi okwenziwa kuhilela ukuhlwanyela ngqo ensimini noma ukutshala izithombo ezikhuliswe endaweni yokukhulisa imbewu. Kusetshenziswa lapho kungekho mithombo yemvelo yembewu, inhlabathi yonakele kakhulu, izitshalo azilulami ngesivinini esamukelekayo, noma izinzuzo ezithile zokukhiqiza ezifiselekayo . Impumelelo yayo incike ekukhetheni ngokucophelela indawo, isikhathi sonyaka, ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi, ukunisela, kanye nezinhlobo—ukugwema, ngangokunokwenzeka, izindawo eziqondile ezingakwazi ukumelana kakhulu.
Emahlathini, ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi kuhlanganiswe namasu okuvuna aklanyelwe ukuvula indawo yeqembu elilandelayo lezihlahla. Kunezinhlelo ezimbili eziyinhloko: iminyaka engalingani kanye nobudala obufanayo. Kowokuqala, ukuvuna okukhethiwe kwenziwa ngamaqembu noma izihlahla ngazinye, okudala ukuhlanzwa kobukhulu obufanele ngokuya ngokubekezelela komthunzi kohlobo ngalunye (isibonelo, ukuhlanzwa okuncane kwama-maple noma ama-hemlock, amakhulu amaphayini noma ama-Douglas firs). Kowokugcina, izindlela ezinjengokusika okugciniwe—ukushiya izihlahla ezigciniwe ukuze kuvikelwe izilwane zasendle noma ukuvikela umfudlana—, izihlahla zembewu (ukushiya izihlahla eziningana ngehekthare njengomthombo wembewu), noma ukusika okukhethiwe okuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ngaphansi kwesembozo (ukulungiselela, ukutshala, nokususa) kuyasetshenziswa, okuqinisekisa ukukhanya, indawo yokukhosela, kanye nokunikezwa kwembewu kwezithombo.
Ukuphinda kutshalwe amahlathi kungenziwa ngokuhlwanyela ngqo , ukuhlwanyela ngokwemvelo okuqondisiwe, ukuhluma endaweni ethile, noma ukutshala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinto ezithuthukisiwe ngokwezakhi zofuzo zisetshenziselwa ukuthola amandla noma ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Kukhona nezindlela zokuphatha ezifana ne- dynamic agroforestry , ehlanganisa izitshalo nezihlahla ngokulandelana, eziwusizo ekubuyiseleni inhlabathi eyonakele kakhulu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-monocultures noma ezolimo ezisikiwe bese zishiswa.
Izinyathelo eziyisisekelo lapho ukhetha ukutshala kabusha amahlathi
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala, kuyalulekwa ukuthi wenze ucwaningo lwensimu : khetha indawo, uhlaziye inhlabathi (ukujula, ukuthungwa, ukuvunda), khetha izinhlobo zezitshalo ezifanelekile, bese uthola izimvume ezidingekayo. Lokhu kuhlola kuvimbela amaphutha abizayo futhi kusheshise impumelelo.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala, lungisa inhlabathi ngokususa ukhula, umbe imigodi ebanzi yezimpande, futhi uhloniphe iziqondiso zesikhala . Uma uvala imigodi, qinisa inhlabathi kancane ukuze uvimbele amaphakethe omoya azungeze ibhola lempande, okungase kuqede amanzi ezithonjeni.
Okulandelayo, sebenzisa uhlelo lokuvikela nokuqapha : ukuqapha izinambuzane nezifo, ukugcina uthango, ukulawula ukuncintisana okunezimila kanye nokuhlaselayo, ukufaka esikhundleni sezihlahla ezifile kanye nokunciphisa noma ukuthena ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhanya nendawo yezihlahla ezincane.
Izinzuzo zokubuyisela amahlathi: isimo sezulu, amanzi, inhlabathi, izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nabantu
Inzuzo yokuqala enkulu yisimo sezulu. Ku-photosynthesis, izihlahla zibamba i-CO2 bese ziyiguqula ibe yi-biomass: cishe u- 50% wesisindo esomile sezinkuni yi-carbon. Amahlathi asemasha, akhula kahle ayizinki ze-carbon ezinamandla kakhulu, kanti inhlabathi yehlathi nayo igcina inani elikhulu le-carbon. Izilinganiso zisikisela ukuthi ukuvumela amahlathi ukuthi avuseleleke ngokwemvelo kungamunca cishe u-23% wokukhishwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni wonke minyaka yonke, okuyisibalo esiphakeme kakhulu kunokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Enye inzuzo esheshayo ikhwalithi yomoya. Ngokumunca i-CO2 nokukhipha umoya-mpilo, amahlathi asebenza njengamaphaphu eplanethi futhi asiza ekunciphiseni uthuli olusemoyeni ngokunciphisa umoya nokuqinisa inhlabathi. Ngokwesilinganiso sendawo, lokhu kunciphisa iziphepho zothuli futhi kuthuthukisa induduzo yemiphakathi eseduze.
Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwandisa ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo . Amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo, isibonelo, ayikhaya lezinhlobo zezihlahla eziyizinkulungwane kanye nezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingamashumi ezinkulungwane. Ukubuyisela imihubhe kanye nezindawo ezizungezile izindawo ezivikelwe kubuyisela ukuxhumana futhi kulwa nokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo ezingavamile, kusukela ezitshalweni ezitholakala endaweni eyodwa kuya ezincelisayo nezinyoni ezinemikhuba ekhethekile.
Ngokuphathelene namanzi, izihlahla zigcina amanzi emvula emaqabungeni azo nasezimpandeni, zikhiphe umswakama emoyeni, futhi zilinganisele ukugeleza kwamanzi emifuleni nasemifuleni. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukungena kwamanzi kanye nekhwalithi , futhi kuzinzisa ugu lwemifula nemithambeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-canopies azo asebenza njengezambulela zemvelo, anciphisa umthelela wamaconsi emvula, ngenxa yalokho, ukuguguleka komhlabathi.
Enhlabathini, amahlathi acebisa ukuvunda ngamahlamvu amaqabunga namagatsha aba yizinto eziphilayo , akhuthaza amagciwane awusizo, abambe inhlabathi kanye nezimpande zawo, futhi anciphise ukugeleza kwamanzi ukuze izakhamzimba zingalahleki phansi. Konke lokhu kuholela engcupheni ephansi yokudilika komhlaba, izikhukhula ezimbalwa, kanye nokukhiqiza okukhulu kwemvelo esikhathini esimaphakathi.
Ngokuphathelene nezingozi zemvelo, amahlathi asebenza njengesivikelo ngezikhathi zemvula enkulu, evimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi amaningi futhi evumela isikhathi sokuba amanzi angene enhlabathini. Aphinde asize ekunciphiseni ukwehla kwenhlabathi ngokuvikela inhlabathi emanzini nasemoyeni kanye nokugcina izitshalo zimbozwe.
Izinzuzo zomphakathi nezomnotho nazo zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo okusizwayo kubiza imali engaphansi kwengxenye yesithathu yokutshala izihlahla ezimweni eziningi, kungasatshalaliswa ngokushesha, futhi kukhiqize imisebenzi yasemakhaya emisebenzini efana nokuvimbela umlilo, ukulungiswa kocingo, ukuqoqwa kwembewu kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezithombo, kanye nokuqapha inqubekela phambili. Ehlathini lase-Atlantic laseBrazil, ukusebenzisa ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo okusizwayo kumahektha ayizigidi ezingu-21,6 kunganciphisa izindleko cishe ngo-77% uma kuqhathaniswa nokuvuselelwa kwamahlathi ngokutshala, okusindisa amashumi ezigidigidi zamaRandi.
Lapho ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo okusizwa kusebenza kahle kakhulu
Uhlelo lwe-RNA lusebenza kahle kakhulu lapho indawo ingakabhujiswa kakhulu khona, kuneziqhingi zamahlathi eziseduze , futhi inhlabathi igcina ibhange lembewu. Uma umhlaba uhlaselwe ukulima okunamandla, ukufuya ngokweqile, noma ukuminyana okukhulu, ngokuvamile kunengqondo ukutshala, okungenani ekuqaleni, ukuze uvuselele uhlelo.
Isici somuntu siyisihluthulelo futhi: izitshalo zomdabu ziyachuma uma kunezikhuthazo kubanikazi bomhlaba kanye nemiphakathi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinamathuba aphansi (amadlelo akhiqiza kancane, izintaba ezinamatshe, amasimu angaphambili angaseceleni, izindawo ezikude ezikude nemigwaqo). Akekho odela indawo yakhe engcono kakhulu ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo esanele noma izibopho zomthetho ezicacile zokuvikela izitshalo zomdabu.
IBrazil inikeza isibonelo esihle kakhulu. Njengoba kunezindawo ezinkulu ze-Amazon kanye ne-Atlantic Forest, kanye nokuzibophezela ekubuyiseleni izigidi zamahektha ngo-2030, kuye kwaqalwa izinhlangano ezifana ne-Atlantic Forest Restoration Pact, okuye kwaqala ukuvuselela kwemvelo njengengxenye ebalulekile kusukela ngo-2009. Namuhla, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamahektha aqhubeka nezinqubo ezisebenzayo zokuvuselela kwemvelo kanye nokuvuselela okuqondiwe.
Isibonelo esiqondile yiphrojekthi yeCultivando Esperança eParaná, lapho ugu lomfula lwalubiyelwe khona ukuze kuvinjelwe ukudliswa kwemfuyo, izinhlobo ezihlaselayo zasuswa, futhi izinhlobo zemvelo zatshalwa ngokukhetha ukuze kucebiswe ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhiqizwa kwe-yerba mate kwakhuthazwa ngaphansi komthunzi wehlathi elikhulayo, kwakha umthombo wemali oqhubekayo okhuthaza imiphakathi ukuthi ivikele futhi iphathe lezi zindawo.
Ukwandisa lezi zinhlelo kudinga izinqubomgomo zomphakathi eziqinile ezivuza izinsizakalo zemvelo—njengezinkokhelo zokugcina izindawo ezivuselelayo—ukutshalwa kwezimali ekusetshenzisweni, kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha ezikhomba lapho izindawo ezivikelwe (ama-RNA) zisebenza kahle khona futhi lapho kudingeka khona ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Imizamo yesifunda ithole amashumi ezinkulungwane zamahektha ngaphansi kwe-RNA kanye nezigidi ezengeziwe ezivuselelayo ngokuzenzekelayo, yize lezi zindawo zidinga ukuvikelwa ekugawulweni kwemithi okuqhubekayo.
Amathuluzi okuphatha, okuqapha kanye nezobuchwepheshe
Ukuphathwa okuphumelelayo kuqala ngezinhloso ezicacile: ukubuyiselwa emuva kokugawulwa kwemithi okungekho emthethweni , umlilo, ukuvunwa kwezinkuni, noma ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda? Izinhlobo ezifanele kakhulu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo. Ezinye zibamba ikhabhoni eningi, ezinye zikhula ngokushesha, kanti ezinye zijwayela kangcono inhlabathi ehlukene noma izimo zezulu ezincane. Ukugwema ukulima okuhlanzekile ngokuvamile kuthuthukisa ukumelana nezinambuzane kanye nezenzakalo ezimbi kakhulu; ngakolunye uhlangothi, amahlathi ahlukahlukene anamathuba amaningi okusinda futhi aguquke abe yizimo ezivuthiwe.
Ukuqapha kude kushintshe ukulandelela izitshalo. Ngezithombe zesathelayithi ezinesinqumo esiphansi noma esiphakathi, izinguquko ezibalulekile zingatholakala cishe eminyakeni eyi-1-2 ngemuva kokutshala; ngesinqumo esiphezulu, lokhu kufundwa kuyatholakala ngokushesha. Izinkomba zezitshalo, njenge-NDVI, ziyizinkomba zamandla ezitshalo: amanani aphansi aqhubekayo abonisa izinkinga futhi abonisa lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlolwa endaweni.
Yini engaboniswa yi-NDVI score ephansi? Kungaba kusukela ekugawuleni imithi (kufaka phakathi ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okungekho emthethweni ) kanye nomonakalo ovela emlilweni noma eziphephweni, kuya ekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile kwamakhemikhali, ukususwa kwamaqabunga ezinambuzane, noma ukucindezeleka kwamanzi ngenxa yesomiso. Lezi zinhlelo azivezi njalo imbangela eqondile, kodwa zibangela i-alamu ngesikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo.
Amapulatifomu okubuka nawo asiza ukuhlukanisa uphahla lwehlathi nohlaza olusemhlabathini, ukuhlola impilo yesigaba ngasinye, kanye nokulahlekelwa yimephu yesimbozo. Amanye avumela ukutholakala kwezindawo ezisanda kugawulwa amahlathi ukuze kubekwe phambili ukuvuselelwa nokuqapha ukukhula kwezimila ezisencane, okwenza kube lula ukwenza izinqumo zokuphatha ezivumelana nezimo kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi.
Ngale kwedatha yesathelayithi, ukuhlanganisa idatha yasensimini (amapulani ahlala njalo, ukubanjwa kwamakhamera, izinto ezigciniwe ngokushesha) nokuhlaziywa kwe-geospatial kunikeza isithombe esihle sentuthuko: amazinga okusinda, ukuvalwa komqhele, ukuhlukahluka kokuvuselelwa kabusha, kanye nokusabela ekomeni noma ezinambuzaneni.
Okushiwo yisayensi mayelana nokuvuselelwa kwemvelo
Izifundo emahlathini esibili eMelika naseNtshonalanga Afrika, ezihlole izinkulungwane zezindawo, zithole ukuthi, ngemva kokugawulwa kwamahlathi, kufika ku- 80% wemisebenzi yokuqala ye-ecosystem (impilo yomhlabathi, izinqubo ezibalulekile, ukukhiqiza) kuvame ukusimama zingakapheli iminyaka engama-20 uma ukuwohloka bekungekubi kakhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, isakhiwo sehlathi esiyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo okufana nehlathi elivuthiwe kungathatha isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngokuvamile iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu noma ngaphezulu.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi akusadingeki. Lapho inhlabathi ichithwe khona—ngokwesibonelo, ngokulima okuphindaphindiwe okulandelwa ukutshala izitshalo ezitshalwe endaweni eyodwa—kunzima ukuthi imvelo ikwazi ukuzivuselela yodwa. Kulezi zimo, ukubuyisela umhlaba ngamasimu aklanywe kahle, kuhlanganiswe nemikhuba efana ne-dynamic agroforestry, kusheshisa ukubuya kwemisebenzi yemvelo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ihlathi "elisha" alifani nelidala. Uma sitshala uhlobo olulodwa kuphela, umphumela uzoba ukutshala uhlobo olulodwa olusengozini enkulu yezifo neziphepho; uma sixuba izinhlobo zemvelo ngokwemigomo yezemvelo, sakha uhlelo oluqinile oluhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zemvelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezihlala isikhathi eside.
Futhi, vele, isici sesikhathi: ezimweni eziningi ezishisayo nezingaphansi kwezindawo ezishisayo, imvelo—uma siyivumela—inakekela ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi, kodwa lezi zindawo kumele zivikelwe emlilweni, ekugawulweni kwezihlahla, nasekudleni okungalawulwa ukuze ukulandelana kuqhubeke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo kuqhathaniswa nokwenziwa kabusha: ukukhetha indlela efanele
Ukuvuselelwa kwemvelo kuhle kakhulu uma kwanele ukususa ingcindezi evela ekusetshenzisweni kwezinsiza zemvelo ezibangele umonakalo (ukudlisa ngokweqile, ukugawula imithi ngokweqile, imililo) futhi kunemithombo yembewu eduze. Akudingi ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu futhi kungadala ukwakheka kwamahlathi okusebenzayo ngezinzuzo zemvelo nezomnotho ezifanele.
Ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi okwenziwa kuyasetshenziswa lapho izitshalo zingakwazi ukuphinde zikhule ngesivinini noma ngekhwalithi eyamukelekayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo zezihlahla kuyathandwa (izihlahla zivame ukuhlala zodwa futhi zinikeza inzuzo encane eqondile), ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuhlwanyela ngqo endaweni yokugcina noma ukutshala izithombo ezikhulele endaweni yokugcina ukuze kunqotshwe kangcono izigaba zokuqala ezibalulekile.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi indlela esetshenzisiwe, ukukhetha ngokucophelela izindawo okufanele zitshalwe kabusha amahlathi—ngaphandle kwenhlabathi engathandeki kakhulu—nokukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele isimo sezulu kanye nezimo zenhlabathi kubalulekile. Ukukhetha ukuxuba izinhlobo zezitshalo zendabuko nokugwema ukutshala okukodwa kunciphisa izingozi futhi kuthuthukisa ikhono lesistimu lokuzivumelanisa nezinguquko zemvelo.
Ekugcineni kokukhiqiza, ukuhlanganisa ukusika nokuvuselela kabusha ohlelweni lokuphatha olulondoloza izihlahla zembewu , luvikele ugu lwemifula, futhi lugcine izindawo zokuphephela izilwane zasendle kulinganisela ukuvuna nokuvuselela, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukungenelela kwanamuhla akuliphazamisi ihlathi lakusasa.
Uma sibheka isithombe esikhulu, ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi kuyizixazululo eziningi ezihlanganisa ukuqonda okuvamile kwemvelo, ukubamba iqhaza kwendawo, kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe: kusukela ekukhuleni kabusha okuzenzakalelayo okusekelwa yizithiyo zomlilo, uthango, kanye nokulawulwa kwezinhlobo ezihlaselayo, kuya emasimini ahleliwe anezindlela zokuhlukahluka kanye nokuqapha kwesathelayithi okuxwayisa ngokuncipha kwe-NDVI; uma sikhetha indlela efanele umongo—futhi siyisekela ngezikhuthazo kanye nokuphathwa okuhle—siphinda-phinda izinketho zemisebenzi yokuvuselela eminyakeni engamashumi amabili, sakha ukuhlukahluka ngeminye embalwa, futhi sibuyisele emphakathini amanzi ahlanzekile, umoya ohlanzekile, inhlabathi evundile , kanye namathuba ezomnotho ancike emahlathini aphilayo.
