Un ukuzamazama komhlaba okuyisilinganiso esingu-4,1 Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwesilinganiso sikaRichter kuzamazamise ingxenye yolwandle ephakathi kwalolu suku ngoLwesine I-Tenerife ne-Gran CanariaLokhu kuzamazama kwabangela izakhamuzi eziningi ukuba ziqaphele ukuzamazama okucacile kodwa okufushane emakhaya azo nasezindaweni zokusebenza. Lesi sigameko, esiqoshwe yiNational Seismic Network kanye neCanary Islands Seismic Network, senzeke emini, lapho iningi labantu lalimatasa, okwenza kwaba lula ukuzizwa ezindaweni eziningi.
Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwaqala endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi Intaba-mlilo yase-Enmedio, isakhiwo esivelele sentaba-mlilo esingaphansi kwamanzi esiphakathi kweziqhingi ezimbili ezinkulu. Lapho, cishe Amakhilomitha angu-10 ukujulaAmandla abangela ukunyakaza okukhulu kokuzamazama komhlaba akhishwa, kwalandelwa ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho ukushaqeka okubuthakathaka. Nakuba ukuzamazama komhlaba kwabangela ukukhathazeka okuthile, izinhlangano zesayensi zigcizelela ukuthi kwakuyinto eyenzeka into evamile esifundeni nokuthi asikho isizathu sokucabanga ngokuqhuma okuseduze.
Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe yokuzamazama komhlaba okungu-4,1 magnitude phakathi kweTenerife neGran Canaria
Ngokusho kwamarekhodi ka I-National Geographic Institute (IGN) futhi kusukela ku-INVOLCAN, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwenzeke e- 12:26 Isikhathi saseCanary IslandsIzinzwa zithole indawo yokubeka umoya endaweni engamakhilomitha ayi-10 ngaphansi kolwandle, eduze kwentaba-mlilo i-Enmedio, umugqa lapho umsebenzi omkhulu wokuzamazama komhlaba kule siqhingi ubulokhu ugxile khona amashumi eminyaka.
Ubukhulu bubekwe ku- 4,1 mbLginani elanele ukuthi lizwakale ngokucacile kodwa lingaphansi kakhulu komkhawulo lapho umonakalo wesakhiwo uvame ukwenzeka khona. ukuqina kwe-macroseismic Inani elilinganisiwe laliphakathi III kanye ne-IV Esikalini se-EMS saseYurophu, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuzamazama kwezwakala ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo ngabantu abaningi, ngokunyakaziswa okuncane kwefenisha kanye nokujikijelwa kwezinto ezilengayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela elimazayo ezakhiweni.
Cishe imizuzu eyishumi ngemva komcimbi oyinhloko, izinsimbi zathola ukunyakaza kwesibili kokuzamazama komhlaba endaweni eseduze kakhulu, kulesi sikhathi sobukhulu obungu-2 kuphela Amakhilomitha angu-4 ukujulaLokhu kuzamazama komhlaba okuncane kuchazwa ngokuthi ikhophi evamile okuhlobene nokusatshalaliswa kabusha kokucindezeleka ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba kokuqala, ukuziphatha okubhekwa njengokujwayelekile ezenzakalweni ezinkulu eziseduze no-4.
Ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi, nakuba isibalo esingu-4,1 singase sihlabe abezindaba umxhwele, empeleni sinjalo ukuzamazama komhlaba okumaphakathiLokhu kujwayelekile ngezigcawu eziqoshwa cishe njalo kule ngxenye ye-Atlantic. Izinga lamandla akhishwayo lihambisana nokuzamazama okuvamile koqweqwe lolwandle kule ndawo yeziQhingi zaseCanary.
Lapho kuzwakale khona ukuzamazama komhlaba: omasipala abathintekile eTenerife naseGran Canaria
Imibiko yezakhamizi kanye nocwaningo lwe-macroseismic oluqoqwe yi-IGN luqinisekisa ukuthi Ukuzamazama komhlaba kuzwakale komasipala abaningi kuzo zombili iziqhingi. ETenerife, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwazwakala emadolobheni aseningizimu, empumalanga nasenyakatho, kanye nasedolobheni elikhulu.
Esiqhingini saseTenerife, lesi sigameko sabikwa kusukela Arico, Granadilla, Arona and San Miguel emthambekeni oseningizimu; kusukela UGüímar, Arafo noCandelaria endaweni esempumalanga; kanye nomasipala abasenyakatho abafana no- Los Realejos, La Orotava, La Matanza, Santa Úrsula, Tacoronte noma indawo ye I-Puerto de la Cruz. Futhi ku- La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, El Rosario, La Esperanza futhi izindawo zasenhloko-dolobha zibike ukuzamazama okukhanyayo kodwa okucacile.
En Gran CanariaUkuzamazama komhlaba kwezwakala kakhulu enyakatho-ntshonalanga, emaphakathi, kanye nengxenye yendawo yedolobha. Imibiko itholakele evela ku- I-Gáldar, i-Agaete ne-La Aldea de San Nicolás, kanye Vega de San Mateo, Valsequillo, Moya, Teror kanye nezindawo ezahlukene ze- Las PalmasNgokuvamile, omakhelwane bachaza ukunyakaza okufushane, kwezinye izimo okuhambisana nokuguguleka kwengilazi noma imisindo emincane yokuklewula.
Naphezu kwendawo ebanzi lapho kuzwakale khona ukuzamazama komhlaba, izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zikhombisa ukuthi Akukho monakalo wezinto ezibonakalayo noma womuntu siqu obikiweIzikhungo zezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo kanye nezokuphepha ezingu-112 zithole izingcingo eziningi ezivela ezakhamuzini zifuna ukuqinisekisa okwenzekile, kodwa zonke zazihlobene nemibuzo hhayi nezehlakalo ezingathi sína.
Ubukhulu obukhulu obubonwe, obuphakathi kwamazinga III kanye ne-IV, buhambisana nalezo zingqinamba: Abantu abaphumule abaqaphela indlela umbhede noma isihlalo esinyakazayo ngayo"Ukunyakazisa" okuncane efenisha elula, ukunyakazisa izibani kanye nokushayisana kwezitsha, njalo ngaphandle kwemiphumela yesakhiwo.
Indawo ye-Enmedio volcano: indawo ezamazama kakhulu eziQhingini zaseCanary
Indawo lapho lokhu kuzamazama komhlaba kwaqala khona akuyona into entsha kososayensi bezinto zokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nososayensi bezintaba-mlilo. Intaba-mlilo yase-Enmedio Kuyisakhiwo esikhulu sentaba-mlilo esingaphansi kwamanzi esiphakathi kweTenerife neGran Canaria, esiye sagxila kakhulu kusukela kwatholakala izinsimbi zesimanje. iningi lokuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu kakhulu kulesi siqhingiNgaphezu kwalokho, ingenye yezinhlobo ezahlukene izinhlobo zezintaba-mlilo okuhambisana neziteshi eziphakathi kweziqhingi kanye nemikhumbi-ngwenya yokusekela.
Amarekhodi e-IGN abonisa ukuthi kule ndawo, phakathi [kwenombolo] kubhalwa njalo ngonyaka. Ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-400 no-500, iningi labo, ama-microseisms aphansi futhi akuzizwa ngabantu. Kulelo qembu, kuphela phakathi Imicimbi yonyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 neyi-7 idlula ubukhulu obungu-2,5, futhi kuphela ngezikhathi ezingavamile lapho amanani angaphezu kuka-4 efinyelelwa khona.
Kuyo le ndawo efanayo, enye yezindawo ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu okubhalwe phansi eziQhingini zaseCanary emashumini eminyaka amuva njeukuzamazama komhlaba kwe- May 9 we-1989okwafinyelela ku-5,2 ubukhulu futhi kwazwakala kabanzi eTenerife naseGran Canaria. Muva nje, intaba-mlilo yase-Enmedio yaba umthombo wokuzamazama komhlaba kwa- ubukhulu obungu-4,2 buka-2019, okucatshangwa ukuthi kuze kube manje kunamandla kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje endaweni yesiqhingi.
Ngaphezu kwesigameko sango-2019, kuqoshwe ezinye endaweni. eminye imicimbi ebalulekile, njengokuzamazama komhlaba okungu-3,2 ngobukhulu obungamakhilomitha angaba ngu-25 kanye nokuzamazama komhlaba okuningana okungu-3,7 ngobukhulu phakathi kuka-2022 no-2023. Ngo-2024, kwatholakala ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-3,6 ngobukhulu obungamakhilomitha kulowo mhubhe ofanayo wokuzamazama komhlaba, okuqinisa umqondo wokuthi kuyi- indawo esebenzayo kakhulu futhi ephindaphindayo ngaphakathi komongo we-geological weziQhingi zaseCanary.
Naphezu kokuba khona kwale ntaba-mlilo enkulu engaphansi kwamanzi, izifundo zesayensi zibonisa ukuthi Akucaci ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba kuhlobene ngqo nezinqubo zokuqhumaKusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980, imikhankaso yolwazi lwezilwandle kanye nomsebenzi we-geophysical kuye kwenziwa, kwezinye izimo, okuye kwaqeda ukuthi lokhu kuzamazama komhlaba kwakubangelwa yizintaba-mlilo kuphela, okukhomba kwezinye izindlela ze-tectonic noma ukulungiswa kwe-crustal.
Kungani kunokuzamazama okungaka phakathi kweTenerife neGran Canaria?
El imvelaphi eqondile yokuzamazama komhlaba Indawo ezungeze intaba-mlilo i-Enmedio iyaqhubeka nokuba yindaba yokutadisha nokuphikiswana ngayo phakathi kochwepheshe. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kuye kwaphakanyiswa imibono eminingana ukuchaza ukuthi kungani le ndawo yolwandle ihlangabezana nokunyakaza okungaka.
Omunye wemibono yakudala wawukhomba ekubeni khona okungenzeka kwe umugqa omkhulu wephutha owawuzohlukanisa iziqhingi zombili nokuthi kuzosebenza njengomsuka wokuzamazama komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaziywa okuhlukile kwe-geophysical kanye ne-bathymetric akutholanga ubufakazi obuqinisekile besakhiwo salolu hlobo esinobukhulu obudingekayo, ngakho namuhla le ncazelo iye ukwesekwa okuncane emphakathini wesayensi.
Enye inkolelo-mbono eyamukelwa kabanzi isikisela ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba kuhlobene ne- ukulungiswa kwe-hydrostatic kanye nezinguquko zomthwalo phakathi kwezakhiwo zentaba-mlilo zaseTenerife naseGran CanariaKalula nje, isisindo kanye nokusabalala kwamadwala kanye nezinqwaba zezintaba-mlilo zeziqhingi zombili kungadala ukunyakaza kokusondela okuhlobene phakathi kwazo, kukhishwa amandla ngesimo sokuzamazama komhlaba okuncane nokuphakathi endaweni ephakathi.
Umbono wesithathu usikisela ukuthi, ngaphansi kwentaba-mlilo yase-Enmedio, kungaba khona Indawo eshisayo noma umsele lapho i-magma ihlangana khona noqweqwe oluncane lolwandleLokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukukhuphuka kwezinto ezincibilikisiwe. Lokhu kungachaza ukuba khona kwama-cone amaningi e-volcanic azungeze isakhiwo esikhulu se-volcanic kanye nokwakheka okucacile kolwandle kule ndawo yesiteshi esiphakathi kwesiqhingi.
Noma kunjalo, idatha etholakalayo ikhombisa ukuthi, eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, lesi sifunda sikhiqize kuphela ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu okuthathu nokuthi izixuku ezinkulu azivamile. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi kudingeka ukubonwa okwengeziwe kanye namamodeli ukuze kuqondwe ngokugcwele ukuziphatha kokuzamazama komhlaba kwale ngxenye ye-Atlantic, yize begcizelela ukuthi, okwamanje, Umsebenzi obonwe uhambisana nephethini yawo evamile.
Ubudlelwano neNtaba iTeide kanye nezixuku zokuzamazama komhlaba zakamuva
Ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-4,1 magnitude kuza lapho iTenerife ibilokhu igqanyiswa khona ezindabeni ngenxa ye- izixuku zokuzamazama komhlaba eziqoshwe ngaphansi kweLas Cañadas del Teide emavikini amuva nje. Iziqephu zakamuva kuphela, ezigxile endaweni enkulu yezintaba-mlilo esiqhingini, zifinyelele cishe Ukuzamazama komhlaba okuncane okungu-6.000 emahoreni angaba ngu-32, iningi lazo liphansi kakhulu futhi alibonakali kubantu.
Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlangana kwesikhathi, izakhamuzi eziningi ziye zazibuza ukuthi kukhona yini ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kokuzamazama komhlaba ngaphansi kweNtaba iTeide nokuzamazama komhlaba phakathi kweTenerife neGran CanariaKokubili i-IGN kanye ne-Canary Islands Volcanological Institute (INVOLCAN) bacacile kuleli phuzu: akukho buhlobo obaziwayo phakathi kwezilandelaniso zombili.
Ngokusho kwemibiko yobuchwepheshe, izixuku ngaphansi kweNtaba iTeide zihambisana imicimbi ye-hybrid ephansi kakhulu ye-amplitude Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nokuhamba koketshezi oluvela emanzini ngaphakathi kwesimiso sentaba-mlilo yesiqhingi, ekujuleni okuphakathi kwamakhilomitha angu-8 kuya kwangu-10 entshonalanga yeLas Cañadas. Ngakho-ke, kuyinqubo yangaphakathi yesakhiwo sentaba-mlilo saseTenerife esinazo izindlela zaso.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-4,1 magnitude kutholakala oqweqweni lolwandle, endaweni indawo ehlukile ye-tectonic kanye nezindlela ezahlukene zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi ukuqhuma kwe-basaltic, njengalokho okungenzeka eziQhingini zaseCanary, kuzokwandulelwa yi- ukuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla nokuvame kakhulu, okuzwakala ngokucacile ngabantu, kanye nokuguquguquka okuphawulekayo kwendawo kunalokho okubonwayo njengamanje.
Amaqembu anesibopho njenga U-Itahiza DomínguezI-IGN (National Geographic Institute) igcizelele ukuthi, yize ukuqapha kusasebenza futhi kuhlanganiswa nezikhungo zasendaweni, amathuba okuqhuma eTenerife esikhathini esifushane noma esiphakathi asalokhu ephezulu. phansiAmandla akhishwe yizixuku zakamuva mancane kakhulu, kangangokuthi, uma ehlanganiswa ndawonye, angeke afane nokuzamazama komhlaba okukodwa okunobukhulu obungu-2 noma obungu-3.
Lokho okushiwo ochwepheshe: ukuzola, ukuqapha, kanye nokujwayelekile kokuzamazama komhlaba
Labo abanomthwalo wokuqapha izintaba-mlilo eziQhingini zaseCanary bazamile ukuthumela umlayezo wokuthi ukuhlakanipha ngaphandle kokwethukaIsazi sezintaba-mlilo ULuca D'AuriaI-INVOLCAN, iphawule ukuthi “kuvamile kakhulu” ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla azungeze u-4 kuhambisane impendulo ethile, njengaleyo eqoshwe imizuzu embalwa ngemva kwalesi senzakalo esiyinhloko.
UD'Auria ugcizelela lokho Azikho izinto ezisikisela isimo esiyingozi kakhuluUbukhulu, ukujula, kanye nendawo yokuzamazama komhlaba kufana nokuzamazama komhlaba "okwenzeka njalo ngeviki" kule ndawo efanayo, yize iningi lazo lingaqashelwa ngoba zincane noma zenzeka ngezikhathi lapho abantu abambalwa benaka khona.
Abanye ochwepheshe abavela kwi-IGN, njengososayensi wezintaba-mlilo URuben LopezBagcizelela ukuthi ukuzamazama komhlaba okungu-4,1 magnitude "kuwela ngaphansi komsebenzi ojwayelekile wokuzamazama komhlaba" wentaba-mlilo yase-Enmedio futhi bakhumbula ukuthi isenzakalo esikhulu nakakhulu saqoshwa kule ndawo efanayo ngo-2019. ubukhulu 4,2ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Bagcizelela nokuthi Ngokomlando, ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu kakhulu kulesi siqhingi kuye kwagxila ngqo kulo msele wasolwandle..
Izikhungo zigcizelela ukubaluleka kokuba amanethiwekhi okuqapha aminyene nanamuhlaLezi zinhlelo zivumela indawo eqondile kanye nokujula kokuzamazama komhlaba, ukuxhumana okusheshayo nabantu, kanye nokukhishwa kwezincomo uma kudingeka. Njengamanje, ulwazi oluvela ezinhlanganweni ezisemthethweni luyavuma ukuthi lesi siqephu Ayishintshi amazinga amanje ezixwayiso nokuthi impilo yansuku zonke ingaqhubeka njengokujwayelekile.
Lokhu kuzamazama komhlaba 4,1 phakathi kweTenerife neGran Canaria Lokhu kunezela ohlwini olude lokuzamazama komhlaba, okuhambisana nomlando we-geological weziQhingi zaseCanary, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Nakuba ukuzamazama komhlaba kwashaqisa izakhamuzi eziningi futhi kwavuselela izinkumbulo zezinye izehlakalo zakamuva zokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nezintaba-mlilo, idatha eqoqwe ikhomba ku- Isenzakalo esilinganiselwe, esivamile endaweni yentaba-mlilo yase-Enmedio, esingenamonakalo futhi esingenalo ubudlelwano obuqondile nezixuku ngaphansi kweTeide, futhi lokho kuqinisa ukubaluleka kokuqhubeka nokubuka, ngokuthula nangokucophelela, indawo enamandla njengesiqhingi.
