El Umkhosi we-HoliUmkhosi wemibala, owaziwa nangokuthi umkhosi wemibala, usube ngomunye wemikhosi ehlonishwa kakhulu yamasiko aseNdiya ezweni lawo kanye nasemadolobheni ase- EYurophu naseSpainNjalo ngonyaka, izinkulungwane zabantu ziyahlangana ukuze ziphonse izimpushana ezinemibala, zidanse, futhi zabelane ngokudla endaweni lapho, amahora ambalwa, ukungezwani komphakathi kubonakala sengathi kuyaphela khona.
Okwaqala ngokuthi a Umkhosi wenkolo yamaHindu Kuhlotshaniswa nokufika kwentwasahlobo kanye nokunqoba kokuhle phezu kobubi, sekuphenduke into eyenzeka emhlabeni wonke. Namuhla kugujwa emathempelini, ezigcawini, ezikoleni zokudansa, ezikhungweni zamasiko, nasezindaweni zokudlela, ezisebenzisa lesi senzakalo ukuletha umphakathi eduze kwamasiko. amasiko aseNdiya ngendlela enobungane neyomkhosi.
Umsuka woMkhosi weHoli kanye nencazelo yawo
E-India, i-Holi iyi- umkhosi wasendulo okuphawula ukuphela kobusika kanye nokufika kwentwasahlobo. Kugujwa ngokuhambisana inyanga egcwele yokugcina yenyanga yamaHindu kaPhalgunaLokhu kubangela ukuthi usuku lushintshe minyaka yonke ekhalendeni laseNtshonalanga, yize ngokuvamile luba ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi.
Umkhosi ujikeleza izikhathi ezimbili ezibalulekile: ubusuku bemililo emikhulu, obaziwa ngokuthi UHolika DahanBese kuba usuku olukhulu, lapho imigwaqo igcwele izimpushana ezinemibala namanzi adaywe. Ngobusuku obandulele, imiphakathi iyakhanya imililo yemikhosi ukufanekisa ukubhujiswa kwamandla amabi kanye nokuqala komjikelezo omusha.
Inganekwane esakazeke kakhulu echaza lo mkhuba ukuthi UHolika noPrahladNgokwesiko, inkosi yamademoni uHiranyakashipu yayifuna ukukhulekelwa njengonkulunkulu, kodwa indodana yayo uPrahlad yahlala ithembekile kunkulunkulu uVishnu. Ukuze imjezise, inkosi yacela usizo kudadewabo uHolika, owayenengubo yomlingo eyayimvikela emlilweni. Wahlala nomntwana emlilweni omkhulu, eqiniseka ngokuvikeleka kwakhe, kodwa amalangabi amshisa ngenkathi uPrahlad ephuma engenamyocu ngenxa yokholo lwakhe.
Le ndaba isebenza njengesisekelo uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-HoliIsithombe sikaHolika simelela ukunqoba kokuhle phezu kobubi kanye nokuvikelwa kwalabo abahlala beqinile ezinkolelweni zabo. Ngakho-ke, ukushiswa kweHolika ngaphambi komkhosi kufanekisela ngokusobala ukuqedwa kokwesaba nokucasuka okuqongelelwe.
Enye ingxenye ebalulekile yesithombe seHoli ixhunyaniswe nonkulunkulu UKrishna noRadhaIzindaba ezilandisa imidlalo yazo ngemibala, amanzi kanye namahlaya othando zikhuthaza isiko lokuphonsa imibala ngendlela ejabulisayo nengenandaba, ziqokomisa ubukhulu bomdlalo odlalwayo nonothando.
Indlela iHoli egujwa ngayo: imibala, umculo kanye nomphakathi
Ngosuku oluyinhloko lweHoli, isimo sedolobha sishintsha ngokuphelele: imigwaqo, izikwele kanye namagceke Bagcwele abantu abagqoke, ngokuvamile, Izingubo ezimhlophe zilungele ukungabonakali ngaphansi kwezingqimba zemibala yazo zonke izinhlobo. Isenzo esivelele kakhulu ukuphonsa izimpushana ezinemibala, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-gulal, ezisakazeke emoyeni, zigcotshwe ebusweni babangani nomndeni, noma ziphonswe ngenhlanganisela yokudlala nothando.
Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwe-gulal, ukusetshenziswa kwe- amanzi anombalaKungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngamabhakede, amabhaluni, noma izibhamu zamanzi, le nhlanganisela iguqula izindawo eziningi zibe uhlobo lwendwangu enkulu, lapho izingane nabantu abadala behlanganyela khona ndawonye emkhosini, ngokombono, ohlose ukudiliza izithiyo zobudala, isigaba, kanye nemvelaphi.
Usuku luhambisana no umculo, imidanso yendabuko kanye nezingoma ezidumileKwezinye izifunda, kuhlelwa imibuthano, imidlalo yaseshashalazini, noma imicimbi yamasiko ukuze kuqokonyiswe ukwehlukahlukana kwezilimi nezenkolo zaseNdiya. Ukudla nakho kudlala indima evelele: amaswidi anjenge-[akucaci - mhlawumbe "amaswidi" noma "amaswidi"] ayalungiswa. gujiya kanye neziphuzo ezivamile ezifana thanda, ezabelwana phakathi komakhelwane nezivakashi.
Nokho, i-Holi akuyona umkhosi ofanayo. Isifunda ngasinye saseNdiya Unezela ukuthinta kwakhe: e-Uttar Pradesh bagubha i- Lathmar Holilapho abesifazane beshaya khona amadoda ngezinduku ngokuhlekisa njengokulingisa izinganekwane zasendulo; eNtshonalanga Bengal, umkhosi uhlangana nezenzo zamasiko eziphefumulelwe nguRabindranath Tagore; kanti eVaranasi kukhona ngisho nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “I-Masaan Holi", lapho umlotha wokushiswa kwezidumbu eceleni kweGanges usetshenziswa ukukhumbula umjikelezo wokuphila nokufa."
Nakuba isithombe esisakazeke kakhulu seHoli singese injabulo echichimayo kanye nobunye obuhlangeneEminyakeni yamuva nje, kuvuleke isikhala sezingxoxo ngokuphepha nenhlonipho. Abesifazane abaningana babike izehlakalo zokuhlukunyezwa ngesikhathi semikhosi emikhulu, okwenza imikhankaso ikhumbuze wonke umuntu ukuthi injabulo ayinakudlula imvume noma ubuqotho babantu ngabanye.
Kusukela emvelaphi yenkolo kuya esimweni somhlaba wonke
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iHoli iyeke ukuba ngumkhosi oxhumene kuphela ne- Imiphakathi yaseNdiya kanye namaHinduNamuhla kugujwa ngo I-United States, amazwe ahlukahlukene aseYurophu, iLatin America kanye ne-Afrikakokubili emiphakathini yamaNdiya ahlala kwamanye amazwe kanye nasezindaweni ezinamasiko amaningi lapho inani layo elingokomfanekiso nelemikhosi liqashelwa khona.
Ezindaweni eziningi, lo mkhosi uguqulwe ukuze uvumelane nezimo zezwe futhi wethulwa njengomcimbi umcimbi uvulekele abantu banoma iyiphi inkolo noma isikoAmanyuvesi, izinhlangano zamasiko kanye nemikhandlu yedolobha ihlela izinsuku zombala, amakhonsathi kanye nemisebenzi yangaphandle ukuze kulethwe leli siko eduze kwezilaleli eziningi.
Lokhu kwanda komhlaba wonke kube negalelo ekusabalaleni kwamanani afana nokuthi ukubandakanywa, ukubekezelelana kanye nokuhlala ndawonyeNakuba lokhu kudale impikiswano ethile mayelana nomehluko phakathi kokunconywa ngamasiko nokwabiwa kwempahla, abanye abantu bagcizelela ukubaluleka kokungawususi umqondo we-Holi ongokomoya nowenhlalo, bagweme ukuwuguqula ube yisizathu sokubamba imikhosi emikhulu ngaphandle komongo.
Ngaphandle kweNdiya, esinye sezici ezihlale zihambisana kakhulu ukusetshenziswa Ikhalenda lenyanga lamaHindu ukusetha usuku, yize izinhlangano eziningi zilungisa imikhosi ibe yimpelasonto eseduze ukuze kube lula ukuhlanganyela. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela umkhosi ukuthi uqhubeke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi uzivumelanise nezikhathi zezwe ngalinye.
Ukuqagela kwe-Holi kwamazwe ngamazwe kuhambisane nokwanda kwe- ibhayisikobho e-bollywoodI-Bollywood, lapho imidanso yayo kanye nezigcawu ezimibalabala zenze isithombe somkhosi saziwa emhlabeni wonke, iholele izikhungo eziningi zamasiko kanye nezikole zomdanso eYurophu ukuthi zisebenzise i-Bollywood choreography njengendlela yokungena emasikweni aseNdiya.
I-Holi eMadrid: Izikhungo zomdanso nezamasiko ze-Bollywood
ESpain, enye yezindlela ezibonakala kakhulu zokugubha iHoli ihilela umsebenzi we Izikole zomdanso zaseNdiya kanye nezikhungo zamasiko eseziqalile ukukhula ikakhulukazi emadolobheni afana neMadrid neBarcelona. Enhloko-dolobha, iphrojekthi eholwa yi USalome Masala Isizibonakalise njengesilinganiso sokusabalalisa isiko lamaNdiya ngomdanso.
Lesi sikole, esakhiwe njenge indawo yokuqeqesha kanye nesikhungo samasiko, ikhuthaza ukunyakaza okuhlose ukuletha amasiko ezwe lase-Asia eduze kwabantu baseMadrid ngokusebenzisa Umdanso we-BollywoodI-Bollywood isitayela esichaza imikhiqizo yamafilimu entengiso yaseNdiya. Ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukucwaswa ngale cinema, amafilimu e-Bollywood abhekwa njengemidlalo yomculo emikhulu ehlanganisa ukulandisa, umculo, kanye nobuciko bomdanso, futhi abadlali bawo babhekwa njengezinkanyezi zangempela eNdiya.
Ukuze kugujwe iHoli, isikole saseMadrid sihlele umkhosi ophefumulelwe ngumkhosi wendabukoukuyivumelanisa nesimo sendawo. Ngokulandela umoya womkhosi, lesi siphakamiso sakhiwe cishe izinsuku ezimbili: ubusuku obunikezelwe emlilweni, obunomoya ofana nemililo emikhulu yaseSan Juan, kanye nosuku oluphakathi oluzungeza umkhosi wemibalangomculo, umdanso kanye nemisebenzi evulekele umphakathi.
Phakathi nale micimbi, ukugqanyiswa kuwela ku Ama-choreografi e-BollywoodKunemihlangano yokudansa yokuqala kanye nemibukiso ekhombisa inhlanganisela yesiko kanye nesimanjemanje ebonakala kuma-cinema aseNdiya. Inhloso ukuthi noma ngubani, onolwazi noma ongenalo ngaphambili, ahlanganyele, afunde izinyathelo eziyisisekelo, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ajabulele ulwazi oluhlangene lapho umbala nomculo kuba yinto ephambili.
Lezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Holi ayisabhekwa njenge- iphathi engavamile futhi iqondwa njengengxenye yokushintshana ngamasiko okubanzi, lapho kuchazwa khona izimpande zayo zenkolo, izinganekwane, izingoma, kanye nobukhulu bezenhlalo. Ngale ndlela, iMadrid ijoyina imephu yamadolobha aseYurophu lapho umkhosi wemibala usuvele uyingxenye yekhalenda lamasiko.
Ukunambitheka kweHoli eBarcelona: icala lendawo yokudlela yaseMayura
EBarcelona, ukugujwa koMkhosi weHoli nakho kuzwakala ku- gastronomyIsibonelo esibalulekile yileso sendawo yokudlela yokudla yaseNdiya Mayura, etholakala eGirona Street, enkabeni yesifunda sase-Eixample, esixhumanise aniversario ngokuqala kwalo mkhosi.
Isikhungo, esasungulwa ngu U-Rajnish Kapoor nonkosikazi wakhe uMayiraYavula iminyango yayo ngenhloso yokuletha ingqikithi yeNdiya eBarcelona, hhayi ngokudla kwayo kuphela kodwa nangendlela ezungezile. Indawo yokudlela ihlotshiswe nge izimpaphe zepigogo, izimbali, amakhandlela kanye izindwangu zesilika ngamazwi aqinile, efuna ukuvusa isimo sesigodlo saseNdiya futhi anikeze isipiliyoni esiphelele semizwa.
Ukuze kuhambisane noMkhosi weHoli, indawo yokudlela iklame i- incwadi ekhethekile ephefumulelwe imibala yentwasahloboPhakathi kwezinketho ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, okulandelayo kuyaphawuleka: UKachumber Mayura, inguqulo ephefumulelwe yiMedithera yesaladi yendabuko yaseNdiya, elungiselelwe notamatisi oqoshiwe, ushizi we-paneer, i-basil, ukhilimu we-yogurt onama-herbs amasha, ama-pistachio aqoshiwe kanye ne-black mustard vinaigrette.
Enye into eseyintsha yi- UBaigan BharthaIsitshalo seqanda esithosiwe kancane, bese sicolwa bese sifakwa izinongo, utamatisi, namakhambi anuka kamnandi. Eceleni kwaso kuvela izitsha ezifana... Imifino yeMasalaezihlanganisa i-paneer nophizi, ikholifulawa, amazambane kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zemifino kusoso olunezinongo, okubonisa imifino kanye nohlamvu olunemibala lokudla kwaseNdiya okumnandi.
Esigabeni senyama, imenyu ifaka phakathi Inkukhu yase-AchareiInkukhu eqoshiwe ephekiwe kusoso elimnandi laseNdiya elinezinongo ezibukhali, amanothi ane-asidi, kanye nokushisa okuncane okufana nokhukhamba lwendabuko. Inkukhu Yomango Iphakamisa inhlanganisela yenkukhu ku-curry ye-mango chutney nezingcezu ze-mango eluhlaza okusha, okunikeza ibhalansi phakathi kobumnandi kanye ne-asidi, kuyilapho I-Chicken LabdarNjengoba ivela ku-Mughlai, yenziwe nge-curry ekhilimu, upelepele, u-anyanisi, ushizi we-cheddar, ukhilimu kanye nokhukhunathi omncane.
Kulabo abathanda ukudla kwasolwandle, imenyu ifaka phakathi Ama-prawn aphekwe eTandoorkufakwe ku-yogurt kanye nezinongo zendabuko futhi kuphekwe ngendlela egcina ukuthungwa okumnandi kanye namanothi alula anomusi. Zonke lezi zici zifuna ukuletha umoya we-chromatic we-Holi epuletini, udlala ngawo ukunambitheka okunamandla, ukuqhathanisa, kanye nezethulo eziheha amehlo.
Ngokusho komqondisi wayo, isiphakamiso sikaMayura senzelwe yabelana eqenjiniNgokuvumelana nesiko lamaNdiya lokugubha etafuleni, usuku lokugubha le ndawo yokudlela luhambisana noMkhosi weHoli, okunikeza ithuba lokuqinisa lesi sici somphakathi futhi unikeze abadli indlela ehlukile yokuzwa isiko lamaNdiya, lapho isidlo ngasinye sisebenza njengesibonakaliso semibala yomkhosi.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iMayura yaziveza njengenye yezindawo Izithonjana zokudla kwaseNdiya eBarcelonaUkugcina ingqikithi yayo yokuqala kodwa ivumelanisa imenyu nokunambitheka kwendawo, umkhosi we-Holi wendawo yokudlela uvumela izivakashi ukuthi zihlanganyele emasikweni asendulo ngaphandle kokushiya idolobha, ukuhlanganisa ukudla, imihlobiso, kanye nesimo semikhosi endaweni eyodwa.
I-Holi kwamanye amadolobha emhlabeni jikelele
Ukwanda komkhosi wemibala kuyabonakala nakwezinye izindawo zomhlaba, lapho iHoli igujwa khona emiphakathini yamaHindu nasezimweni ezibanzi. I-Dakar (Senegal)Isibonelo, kuhlelwe izinsuku lapho abantu abaningi bephonsa khona izimpushana ezinemibala ngokuvumelana nesigqi somculo, behlanganyela ukwangana kanye nokuhlangana ngaphandle.
Kule mikhosi yase-Afrika, isiko lombala Igcina incazelo yayo engokomfanekiso: ukunqoba kokuhle phezu kobubi kanye nokufika kwentwasahlobo—okuvumelana nezinkathi zendawo—kuvezwa ngemibala emboza abahlanganyeli kusukela ekhanda kuya ozwaneni. Inhlanganisela yemigqi, ukudla kwendawo, kanye nezici zesiko lamaHindu kudala isimo lapho amathonya ahlukahlukene amasiko ehlangana khona.
Lezi zinhlobo zemicimbi, ezibhalwe phansi futhi ezisatshalaliswa kwabezindaba bamazwe ngamazwe, zibonisa izinga iHoli esibe yi- ulimi lwemikhosi olwabiweIyakwazi ukuhlangana nezinto ezingokoqobo ezihluke kakhulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umongo wayo ongokomfanekiso. Kwamanye amadolobha, ihlanganiswa nemibukiso yokudla, imidlalo yokudansa, noma ukuboniswa kwamafilimu aseNdiya, okudala uhlelo lwemisebenzi oludlula nje ukuphonsa izimpushana.
EYurophu, amadolobha amaningi amakhulu kanye nezikhungo ezinkulu zasemadolobheni—kufaka phakathi amadolobha amaningana aseSpain—aqhubeka nokufaka uMkhosi weHoli ezinhlelweni zawo zamasiko zasentwasahlobo. Izinhlangano zomakhelwane, amaqembu avela kubantu baseNdiya abangaphandle, kanye namakhansela amadolobha bayasebenzisana ukuze bawuhlele. imikhosi enemibala emapaki nasezindaweni ezivulekile, ngokuvamile ngamakhonsathi, izindawo zokudla kanye nama-workshop emindeni.
Isihluthulelo sokwenza le mikhosi isebenze futhi yamukelwe kahle ngokuvamile sisekugcineni ukulinganisela phakathi kokubukwa kanye nokuhlonipha imvelaphi yenkolo kanye namasiko yeHoli. Ukuchaza umlando wayo, izinganekwane, kanye nomoya womphakathi emphakathini kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhosi awusiwo nje umfanekiso okhangayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, kodwa futhi uqondwa njengethuba lokufunda nokuxhumana.
UMkhosi weHoli uzisungule njengomgubho lapho inkolo, isiko, ubuciko kanye nokudla ukudla Zihlangana ngokwemvelo. Kusukela emililweni emikhulu nasezindabeni zezinganekwane eNdiya kuya emibukisweni yeBollywood eMadrid noma ekuphekeni kwendawo yokudlela yaseBarcelona, umkhosi wemibala ujwayela indawo ngayinye ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yingqikithi yawo: ukwamukela umjikelezo omusha, ukubuyisa amandla omphakathi, nokukhumbula, phakathi kokuhleka nemibala, ukuthi ukunqoba kokuhle phezu kobubi kugujwa nasemgwaqweni, etafuleni, kanye nasesiteji sokudansa.
