Ukuxhumana kuyingcina ebamba umndeni ndawonye: kusukela ekuzalweni kuya ebusheniUma sifunda ukukhuluma nezingane zethu zisencane, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukulondoloza lokho kuxhumana lapho iminyaka yoshintsho, ukungabaza, nokufuna ukuzazi ifika.
Ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke sixhumana ngamagama, ukushukuma komzimba kanye nokuthula. Babuka futhi bakopishe esikwenzayo, esikushoyo, ngisho nendlela esisabela ngayo lapho singakhulumi nabo ngokuqondile—kungaba ukushayela, ukubukela umdlalo, noma ukuphawula ezindabeni. Isitayela sethu sizoba yimodeli yabo yokuqala yokukhuluma.
Ukuhlwanyela kusukela ebuntwaneni: umsuka wengxoxo enhle
Kusukela lapho beqala ukubhuqa, sesivele sitshala imbewu: ukulalela, inhlonipho, ukucaca kanye nokuzolaNgokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezo zimbewu ziyaqhakaza zibe indlela esikhuluma ngayo sodwa futhi sihlobane nezwe.
Ingxoxo enhle ishiya uphawu: sisuka kancane endaweni yethu, kuvela ukuchofoza, ukufunda kucushiweNgezingane zethu, yonke ingxoxo ingaba yindawo yokutholwa okwabiwe.
Ekhuluma nentsha Kuyithuba eliyilungelo lokwazana kangcono nokukhula ndawonye.
Masikhumbule ukuthi ubusha buwumsebenzi oqhubekayo: ubuwena, imibandela yakhe kanye nokuzimela Akhiwa ngokuzama nangephutha. Indima yethu iwukuhambisana nozwela, ngaphandle kokwahlulela kusukela ekuqaleni, ukuqinisa imizwa, nokugcina inhlonipho ngisho nalapho imibono ihluka.
Ilukuluku langempela nokuzola: isimo sengqondo esishintsha yonke into
Ithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu ilukuluku langempela: ukuba nesithakazelo ngempela ngalokho abakuzwayo, abakucabangayo, nabakunqumayo. Buza imibuzo ngaphandle kokuxhamazela, ngaphandle kokuzama "ukuyikhohlisa", ngaphandle kokubanikeza izifundo ngaphambi kokuqonda ukuthi yini engemuva kwayo.
Uma sibona ubungozi noma izinqumo esingavumelani nazo, kujwayelekile ukuthi uvalo lungene bese singena kumodi yokulawula. Yilapho silahlekelwa khona ilukuluku. Bese kuthi-ke iziphazamiso, "uthini," izinkulumo, kanye nokulungiswa okusheshayo kuza. Ngezinhloso ezinhle zokuvikela, sivala umnyango wokufunda.
Yini okufanele umuntu osemusha ayifunde? Okokuqala, zizwela Ngozwela, ngisho noma sicabanga ukuthi banephutha; ke, sigcine ukuxhumana ukuze sikwazi ukukhombisa ezinye izindlela kanye nokusikisela; futhi, ekugcineni, vuselela ukucabanga kwabo okujulile, okudinga ukulondeka ngokomzwelo ukuze kubonakale.
Ingxoxo emnandi nendodana noma nendodakazi yakho ingahlanganisa nokungavumelani. Okubalulekile yifomu: Yabelana ngemibono eyahlukene ngaphandle kokululaza, phakamisa ezinye izindlela futhi uphakamise ukuthi azizame uma esekulungele.
Kusukela ezinganeni kuya kubantu abadala: ibhuloho lokuthomba
Ubusha yileso sikhathi esixhumanisa ubuntwana nempilo yabantu abadala. Iyala inhlonipho ngoba yonke into iyashintsha: imithetho, ubudlelwano, izinto ezibalulekile, kanye nomzimba womuntu. Njengabazali, ngezinye izikhathi siye sisuke ekutotoselweni siye ekuqineni singanakile, futhi lokhu kuyapholisa ubuhlobo.
Mzweleni: Ingane yakho ingase ilahleke, yethukile, noma icindezeleke kakhulu. Mazise ukuthi unjalo Itholakala ngaphandle kwengcindezi, nge "Ngikhona noma nini lapho ungidinga." Lowo myalezo ulingana negolide.
Imingcele isadingeka, kodwa "ngoba ngisho njalo" iyawa. Chaza ukuthi kungani yemithetho, lokho abakuvikelayo, abakuqeqeshayo, nokuvula izikhala zokuxoxisana lapho kungenzeka khona. Ukubafaka kulezi zinqumo kuqinisa ukwethembana.
Uma ulindele ukuthi akhulume, yiba isibonelo. Yabelana ngokuthile mayelana nosuku lwakho, ikhombisa ukuba sengozini ngolimi olufanele iminyaka yabo. Uma bekubona njengomuntu, kuba lula ukuthi bavuleke lapho bedinga.
Amaqiniso amathathu anzima (kanye nezenzo ezine ezisizayo)
Ukuze ingxoxo ihambe, kubalulekile ukwamukela amaqiniso amathathu avame ukulimaza: akaseyona inganeUmhlaba ushintshile kusukela eminyakeni yakho yobusha, futhi udinga isikhala sobumfihlo. Ngaphandle kwalokho kuqashelwa, ukuxhumana kumile.
- Yiba nesithakazelo ezintweni abazithandayo, noma bengebona abakho: ukunambitha kwabo kuyilabhorethri yobunikazi babo.
- lalela ngempela: Okubonakala kukuncane kuwe kungase kube kukhulu kuye.
- Cela futhi wabele izibopho: imisebenzi ecacile nemiphumela okuvunyelwene ngayo ingcono kunokumemeza.
- Mlethele izinkomba abasondelene (izingane zakwethu, abazala, abantu abasha abakhulile kancane) engingabancoma.
Yini eyenza kube lula ukuxhumana okuhle ekhaya
Eminye imikhuba yenza umehluko. Ukukhetha isikhathi somzwelo futhi indawo efanele (ngaphandle kweziphazamiso noma amehlo okubuka) kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuthi ingxoxo ihambe kahle.
Ukulalela okusebenzayo kubalulekile: ukucabanga, ukuthintana kwamehlo, ulimi lomzimba olusekelayo, ukuthula okushiya isikhala, neziphazamiso ezimbalwa. Lalela ukuqonda, hhayi ukuphendula.
Sebenzisa imibuzo evulekile ecela ukucabanga nokwabelana: Wenzeni kwiPhysical Education namuhla? Ungathanda ukuthi impelasonto ibe kanjani? Hlola, khuthaza, futhi usize ukunquma ngaphandle kokuqondisa.
Khuluma ngolimi olucacile, oluchazayo olufanelana nokuvuthwa kwakho: “Sivumelene ngokuthi ngeke sidlale ku-inthanethi phakathi nesonto, futhi namuhla asisigcinanga isethembiso sethu.”Gwema amalebula noma ukwahlulela komhlaba jikelele.
Yisho kabusha lokho okuqondile: "Uma ngikuqonda, usho ukuthi..." Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuqonda futhi inciphisa ukungezwani.
Prakthiza uzwela: zama ukuqonda imizwelo kanye nesizathu sokuziphatha kwabo. Ukuqinisekisa akunikezeli; ukukhombisa ukuthi ukuthathile lokho akuzwayo.
Kwenza kube lula ngabo ukuveza imizwa nemizwa. Ukusho lokho okuzwayo kudala ukwethembana futhi kuqinisa isibopho.
Ngokomphakathi qinisa okuhle: "Bengithanda ukukhuluma nawe."“Ukuchaze kahle lokho!” Ukuqiniswa okufanele kuphindaphinda lokhu kuziphatha.
Yini evimbela inkhulumomphendvulwano (futhi kufanele igwenywe)
Kunemikhuba eqeda ingxoxo. Okokuqala ukukhetha isikhathi noma indawo embi: Intukuthelo, ingcindezi, noma indawo egcwele abantu cishe iqinisekisa ukuphahlazeka.
Okwesibili, imilayezo ephikisanayo phakathi kwalokho okushoyo nalokho okwenzayo (ngamazwi, ngokungakhulumi nangenkulumo). Ukungahlangani kuyadida kanye namabhulokhi.
Okwesithathu, imibuzo eyinhlamba noma imiyalo efihlwe njengeseluleko (“kufanele…”), ukuphazamiseka njalo kanye nama-generalizations njengokuthi “njalo” noma “angikaze.” Konke lokhu kuphakamisa izivikelo.
Okwesine, izeluleko ezingaceliwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, indiva imilayezo ebalulekile Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhuluma ngombono “wochwepheshe” ngejagoni noma ukuthatha isixazululo ngaphambi kokulalela.
Okwesihlanu, ukugxeka okungokomzwelo noma ukugxeka okusolayo. Inhlonipho ayixoxiswana, ngisho noma kunomehluko oqinile.
Uziqala kanjani izingxoxo manje okubonakala kungenakwenzeka
Abazali abaningi babika ukuthi bathola ama-monosyllables kuphela: "yebo," "cha," "kuhle." Kuyakhungathekisa kunjalo.Noma kunjalo, kufanele uphikelele ngesineke nesimo sengqondo esivulekile: bazise ukuthi noma nini lapho befuna ukukhuluma, sizobe sikhona.
Isiqalo esihle siwukuvuma okuthile okuhle muva nje futhi, uma kunesidingo, xolisa ngamaphutha akho (ukuntuleka kwesikhathi, iphimbo elingafanele). Leso senzo sivula okuningi kunalokho okubonakala.
Indlela yokukhuthaza inkhulumomphendvulwano ekuphileni kwansuku zonke
Isebenza ukuze ifinyeleleke futhi ixoxisane ngokusondelana, ukucaca kanye nephimbo elakhayo. Inikeza izihloko ezihlukahlukene ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwangaphambilini ukuze ukhethe ukuthi uzongena kuphi.
Ngezinye izikhathi ingane yakho ifuna nje ukulalelwa. Akudingekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunikeza umbono noma iseluleko.. Umbuzo: "Ingabe ufuna ngikusize ubheke izinketho noma ngilalele nje?"
Lungisa ulimi ezingeni lakho lokukhula futhi wabelane ngolwazi oluphelele: ezinhle nezinzima. Lokhu kukuqeqesha ukuze ube nombono ongokoqobo.
Sebenzisa isitayela sokugomela: veza imibono nemikhawulo ngenhlonipho. Futhi ungaphambanisi ukuxhumana nokubuza. ukukhipha idatha; kuyaphawulwa futhi kuvaliwe.
Phikelela noma kunezikhathi zamagama ambalwa. Gcina amabhuloho evulekileUkudala izindawo zokucabangela ezinye izindlela kanye nezixazululo zezingxabano kufundisa inhlonipho nokubekezelelana.
Imikhawulo, izibopho kanye nokuzimela: ukufunda ngokwenza
Ukuvikela ngokweqile ngothando kungaba nezindleko: uma sibavimbela ekutholeni ukungakhululeki kwemizwelo enjengokwesaba, ukukhungatheka noma ukukhathazeka, musa ukuthuthukisa ukubekezelelana kuleyo mizwa bese uthola kunzima ukwenza umzamo noma ukushiya indawo yabo yokunethezeka.
Ulwazi olucacile emindenini luyisiza ukuba iqonde ukuthi, empilweni, kuzomele nixoxisane, nenze umzamo futhi niyekeUma ungakwenzi lokhu, kuzovela izinkinga: ukushiya imikhuba enempilo, ukuntula ukungaguquguquki ezifundweni zakho, noma ukwesaba ukubhekana nezinselele.
Singakuhlakulela kuphi ukuzimela? Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke: upakisha isikhwama sakhe sokuzivocavoca; uma ekhohlwe ama-flip-flops akhe futhi athole ukhunta, uzofunda ukungakwenzi futhi; uma ukhohlwe umsebenzi wakho wesikole, cela ofunda naye ukuba aphathe inkulumo kathisha; uma umsebenzi udinga ukuqiniswa ngesikhathi sasehlobo, uyabhekwa.
Isibonelo esiwusizo: ukunquma ukuthi uzoyidlala noma cha imidlalo yekhonsoli phakathi neviki. Phatha isikhathi sakho futhi uhlole umthelela. Kunamandla kakhulu kunokubekwa kokuthi "cha-cha" ngoba isiphetho sivela kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho.
Akukhona mayelana nokubachaya ezingozini ezinkulu. Imayelana nokuvumela imiphumela enengqondo nephephileUkulamba ngenye intambama ngoba ukhohlwe ukudla okulula kwakho akuyona into enkulu; cishe ngeke ukukhohlwe ngosuku olulandelayo.
Ubumfihlo kanye nedatha yomuntu siqu: inothi elibalulekile lemindeni
Uma usebenzisana nezinhlangano (isibonelo, ukusebenzisana, ukubhalisela incwadi yezindaba, noma ukuxazulula imibuzo), idatha yakho yomuntu siqu icutshungulwa ngokwemithetho ecacile. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ubani onesibopho, kusetshenziswa ziphi izinjongo ulwazi, ukuthi lugcinwa isikhathi esingakanani, futhi yimaphi amalungelo onawo.
Isibonelo sokwenza okuhle: ibhizinisi elifana ne-UNICEF Foundation-Spanish Committee lisebenza njengesilawuli sedatha (CIF G-84451087), elinendlunkulu e-c/ Mauricio Legendre, 36, 28046 Madrid. Ineziteshi zokuxhumana njenge-913789555 kanye ne-imeyili protecciondatos@unicef.es ukuze usebenzise amalungelo noma ucele ulwazi.
Ivelaphi idatha? Ikakhulukazi kusuka kumsebenzisi ngokwakhe ngokusebenzisa amafomu; kungase kube khona futhi ulwazi lokuzulazula lobuchwepheshe kanye nezibalo. Uma uhlinzeka ngedatha yomuntu wesithathu, kufanele ngabe ubazisile futhi uthole ukugunyazwa kwabo.
Izinjongo ezijwayelekile zokucubungula (okufingqiwe futhi kwahlelwa kabusha ukuze kucace) zifaka: phatha ukubhaliswa kanye nezinsizakalo (isb., ukuba yilungu, iminikelo, izincwadi zefa, incwadi yezindaba), ukuhlinzeka ngesevisi (futhi, uma kufanele, ukucubungula idatha yezezimali efana ne-IBAN), ukuphatha izehlakalo nemibuzo (kuhlanganise nokuqoshwa kwezingcingo ngekhwalithi), gwema ukukhwabanisa, thumela izincwadi zezindaba uma ubhalisa, faka amakhukhi ngokuvumelana nenqubomgomo yendawo, thobela izibopho zomthetho (njengokwazisa i-AEAT mayelana neminikelo), thumela okwakho ukuxhumana kwezohwebo okuhlobene namasevisi afanayo, bhala futhi wenze ngokungaziwa okurekhodiwe ukuze uthuthukise ukunakekelwa, futhi wenze ukuhlaziya kwangaphakathi ukuze wenze kube ngokwakho nokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana namasevisi.
Inhloso ngayinye isekelwe ekubeni semthethweni okuthile: ubudlelwano benkontileka ukuphatha ukubhaliswa kanye nezinsizakalo; isithakazelo esisemthethweni ekuvimbeleni ukukhwabanisa, ekuthumeleni ulwazi olumayelana nemikhiqizo/izinkonzo ezifanayo, ekuthuthukiseni isevisi ngemibhalo ebhalwe ngokuyimfihlo noma ekuhlaziyeni kwangaphakathi; imvume amaphephandaba namakhukhi; futhi isibopho esingokomthetho lapho kufanele khona (isb., intela noma imithetho emelene nokushushumbiswa kwemali).
Zigcinwa isikhathi esingakanani? Ngesikhathi sobudlelwano benkontileka noma bangaphambi kwenkontileka, inqobo nje uma ungaceli ukususwa futhi asikho isibopho esingokomthetho sokuyigcina. Uma uhoxisa imvume yakho noma ucela ukususwa, idatha ingase ivinjwe futhi yenziwe itholakale ezinkantolo isikhathi esidingekayo ngokomthetho.
Kwembulwa kubani? Ngokuvamile, akuvezwa kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwalezi zimo ezilandelayo: Ukuphathwa Kwezentela (ukuze ukwazi ukudonsa iminikelo), izimfuneko ezivela kwabasemagunyeni abanekhono nabahlinzeki/abahlanganyeli abahlinzeka ngamasevisi ebhizinisini (ngokufinyelela okulinganiselwe, imiyalelo ecacile nezivumelwano zobumfihlo).
Ukudluliswa kwamanye amazwe akuhlinzekwa ngokujwayelekile. Uma bekudingekile, izokwenziwa ngokuvikela okufanele (isb. Izigaba Zenkontileka Ezijwayelekile noma izindlela ezifanayo eziqinisekisa izinga lokuvikela elifanele lelo le-EEA).
Ukuphepha: ibhizinisi liyaqasha ukuxhumana okuvikelekile nokubethela ukuvikela ulwazi ngesikhathi sokudlulisela. Ngale ndlela, idatha ihamba ku-inthanethi yonkana ngezinyathelo zokuvikela.
Ukufundisa ukuxhumana kusukela esemncane kwenza konke okunye kube lula: ukulalela ngenkuthalo, imikhawulo enengqondo, ukuxoxisana, uzwela, ukuzimela kanye nobumfihlo. Ngezikhathi namagama akhethwe kahle, ukugwema izingibe ezivamile nokuvumela imiphumela enengqondo, isibopho siyaqiniswa futhi ukufunda nobabili kuyenzeka.