Unkulunkulu kaSpinoza uhilela ukukhuluma ngefilosofi yesazi sefilosofi uBaruch Spinoza, owathi. kungadala enye yemibono eyayiyinkomba yenkolo kusukela ngekhulu le-17.
Kulesi sihloko sizobona Wayenjani uNkulunkulu kaSpinoza? ukuthi ingokomoya lalinjani kulo mcabango nokuthi lalithonya kanjani ezinye izingqondo ezihlakaniphile. Sizobona nokuthi yini okufanele ayikhokhe ukuze adalule imibono yakhe.
Nkulunkulu Spinoza
Umuntu ubelokhu ebuza izinto ezinjengokuthi: Sivelaphi? Ingabe ukhona uNkulunkulu? Unjani lowo Nkulunkulu? Ithini incazelo yokuba khona? Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kuye kwenziwa imizamo yokunikeza impendulo yakho konke lokhu, futhi kunjalo Izazi zefilosofi eziningi ziye zazama ukuphendula le mibuzo ngokuzakhela eyazo imigqa yokucabanga. Phakathi kwabo sithola u-Spinoza, owakha ithiyori ezosebenza njengenkomba yenkolo yomcabango waseNtshonalanga.
Spinoza's Baruch
U-Spinoza wazalelwa e-Amsterdam ngo-1632, futhi wayebhekwa njengenye yezazi zefilosofi ezintathu zobuzwe ezinkulu zekhulu lakhe leminyaka. Ukucabangisisa kwalo mcabango kwakuhilela ukugxeka okujulile kombono wenkolo wendabuko nowenkolo. Yayinjalo imicabango yakhe leyo Bagcina ngokumxosha nokumxosha endaweni yangakubo, futhi imibhalo yakhe yavalwa futhi yahlolwa. Kodwa njengoba sizobona, umcabango kaSpinoza wakhuthazela futhi wafinyelela ezingqondweni ezihlakaniphe njengoka-Einstein.
Wayenjani uNkulunkulu kaSpinoza?
Umbono wezwe walesi sazi eduze ne-pantheism lapho okungcwele kuyikho konke, imvelo ngokwayo. Wavikela ukuthi iqiniso lakhiwa into eyodwa futhi leyo nto kwakunguNkulunkulu, into engapheli enezakhiwo nezilinganiso eziningi.
Lo mcabango wawusho lokho UNkulunkulu wayeyikho konke, konke okusizungezile, ngisho nabantu uqobo. Konke kuyingxenye kaNkulunkulu.
Umphefumulo futhi wawuyinto lapho isazi sefilosofi sasibonakala khona, ngoba sasingakholelwa ukuthi siyingqayizivele kubantu, kodwa kunalokho. Umphefumulo wawukukho konke okwakunguNkulunkulu, wawusezihlahleni, amatshe, izindawo...
Ngakho-ke, uNkulunkulu akayena umuntu futhi owenziwe samuntu oqondisa ubukhona ngaphandle kodwa kunalokho uyiqoqo lakho konke okukhona. UNkulunkulu uzibonakalisa ngeqiniso, imvelo, lokho okukhona.
Ngalo mqondo, ubukhona ngokwako babungenayo injongo ethile, kodwa babuyingxenye kaNkulunkulu. Konke okukhona nguNkulunkulu futhi ngaphandle kukaNkulunkulu akukho lutho.
UNkulunkulu nomuntu
Ngokucabangela umbono kaSpinoza ngoNkulunkulu, uguquko luyahlelwa. Uma uNkulunkulu eyikho konke, asikho isidingo sokuba uNkulunkulu akhulekelwe, futhi akasikiseli isimiso sokuziphatha, Azikho izenzo ezinhle noma ezimbi. Konke lokhu kuwumkhiqizo womuntu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i- Umcabango kaSpinoza Iphakamisa uchungechunge lokuzindla ngokuziphatha okungahlaziywa ngokuhlobene neminye imibono yefilosofi.
Inkululeko yokuzikhethela kanjalo ayikho futhi. Konke nguNkulunkulu, ngakho inkululeko yangempela ihlanganisa ukwazi nokuqonda iqiniso futhi wazi ukuthi konke kunguNkulunkulu. Yilabo kuphela abaqondayo ukuthi yini ebazungezile abangazizwa bekhululekile.
Umzimba nengqondo nakho akuhlukaniseki, Iyingxenye eyodwa. Kwenzeka okufanayo nangomphefumulo. Uma umphefumulo, umcabango nomzimba kuphelele, uSpinoza walulaza leso sikhathi lapho umzimba ufa khona futhi umphefumulo ukhuthazela ekuphileni kwangemva kokufa, Okubalulekile kuyena yilokhu okuphilwayo empilweni.
Ukucabanga kukaSpinoza kwamthonya kanjani?
Naphezu kokuxoshwa nokulahlwa endaweni adabuka kuyo, Imibono kaSpinoza yabekezelela futhi yasabalala. Kwabaningi abacabangayo baye baziswa kakhulu futhi phakathi kwabo bonke u-Einstein uyagqama.
Einstein Wayethanda izinto ezingokomoya nezenkolo kusukela esemncane. naphezu kokuthi lezi zithakazelo zavela futhi zashintshwa ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe.
Ukungqubuzana phakathi kwesayensi nokholo kuvame ukubonakala, Kodwa kumelwe siveze ukuthi kunenani elikhulu lososayensi abanezinkolelo zabo ezingokwenkolo futhi abangazishiyi eceleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkolo nayo ifuna ukuchaza lokho esingakuqondi.
Ngalowo mqondo, u-Einstein wayesho ezingxoxweni zakhe ukuthi kwakunzima kuye ukuphendula uma ekholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu. Akazange abe nombono kaNkulunkulu ongokoqobo, futhi wayekholelwa ukuthi ingqondo yomuntu yayingakwazi ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuthi indawo yonke injani, naphezu kokukwazi ukwazi ukuba khona kwayo nengxenye yokuhleleka nokuvumelana kwayo.
Izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa wazibiza ngokuthi akakholelwa kuNkulunkulu, kodwa u-Einstein wayengumuntu ongakholelwa kuNkulunkulu. Ugxeke abashisekeli abakholwayo kodwa nabathi uNkulunkulu akekho. Kuye, umqondo kaNkulunkulu wawusondelene nokaSpinoza. UNkulunkulu ongazange ajezise noma aqondise, kodwa wayeyingxenye yalokho okwakukhona futhi wazibonakalisa ngakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyise we-theory of relativity, isayensi nenkolo akuphikiswa ngoba bobabili bafuna ukuqonda iqiniso futhi nikhuthazane futhi nivuselelane.