AmaHydrangeas (IHydrangea spp.), ziyizihlahla zokuhlobisa ezivela eMpumalanga naseNingizimu Asia naseMelika. Kuyisitshalo esimangalisa kakhulu ngenxa ye-inflorescence yaso ebabazekayo, umbala waso nomusa esihlobisa ngawo ikona noma ingadi lapho itshalwa khona. Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amasiko ama-hydrangeas anencazelo ephambene nobuhle bawo. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, ngiyakumema ukuthi uqhubeke nokufunda.
Umsuka weHydrangeas
Igama elijwayelekile le-Hydrangeas ngu IHydrangea, okunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 ezamukelwayo, ezivela empumalanga naseningizimu yezwekazi lase-Asia, ikakhulukazi ezivela eChina, eJapane, eKorea, e-Indonesia naseziqhingini zaseHimalaya; kanye nezwekazi laseMelika. Izinhlobo zabo zokuphila ziyizihlahla, izihlahla eziphansi kanye nama-liana afinyelela kumamitha angama-30 ubude. Angatholakala emvelweni futhi alinywe emazweni amaningi anesimo sezulu esipholile. AmaHydrangea atshaliwe anamaqabunga aluhlaza.
Umlando walezi zitshalo
Ngokusho kokutholakala kwalezi zimbali, zihlobene nohambo lwemikhumbi yaseYurophu eya ezwenikazi laseMelika. Njengoba ehlobene neNkosi yaseFrance, uLouis XIV, owayala abantu bakhe ukuba balethe izimbali zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kulabo ababezazi ngaleso sikhathi, ukuze bahlobise izingadi zesigodlo. Ukuze kufezwe iziyalezo zenkosi, izikhonzi zahambela eBrazil ukuze zithole izitshalo ezithandwa yinkosi.
Phakathi kwabasebenzi bomkhumbi kwakukhona nomfanyana ogama lakhe linguBanet, owagqama kwabanye ngenxa yokuthi wayebonakala entekenteke futhi engenamandla. Lapho befika eZweni Elisha, bexabana nabomdabu bamazwe aseMelika, bathatha umfana obuthakathaka wendlu kaBanet. Ngemva kwesikhathi sokucinga nokungqubuzana nezizwe zaseMelika, iqembu laseYurophu lakwazi ukuhlenga umfana omncane we-cabin.
Lapho ehlenga umfana we-cabin u-Banet, amadoda aseYurophu amangala lapho ebona ukuthi u-Banet wayengowesifazane, ukuthi ukuze abe yingxenye yabasebenzi bomkhumbi waseYurophu futhi aphile ukuzijabulisa, wayazi amazwe aseMelika. Lapho inkosi izwa ngalo wesifazane oyisikhohlakali, owazenza insizwa okuthiwa u-Banet, yafuna ukubona isibindi sayo ngokuqamba uhlobo olulodwa lwezinhlobo ezilethwe eZweni Elisha, olunegama elithi Hortensia.
Izincazelo zeHydrangeas
Ezikhathini zasendulo, izimbali zazinikezwa izincazelo ezahlukene, ngoba kwakuyindlela ezazixhumana ngayo emphakathini wakudala. Izimbali zeHydrangeas azizange ziphunyuke kulokhu, okuthi ngokusho kwenganekwane yemvelaphi yazo, incazelo yegama labo ihlotshaniswa nobufazi kanye nokugcinwa, kanye nokubuthakathaka nobuthakathaka. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, incazelo yeHydrangeas iyahlukahluka kuye ngombala.
AmaHydrangeas amhlophe, ngokwencazelo yawo, ahunyushwa futhi ahlobene nokuthula, ubumsulwa, ubumnene nobuhle. AmaHydrangeas apinki wona ahlobanisa nawo ukudlulisa umyalezo wothando, umdlandla, ukuqomisana kanye nokuvusa inkanuko. Ama-hydrangeas ansomi ahlotshaniswa nokuchuma nokuchichima. Kanye nobuhle, ukuhluzeka, ukunambitheka okuhle nokuyinkimbinkimbi. Ekugcineni, amaHydrangea aluhlaza ahumusha ngokuvumelana nobungane.
Izici
Izitshalo ze-hydrangea ezitshaliwe zinomkhuba wokukhula okunezihlahlana, zinamaqabunga amaqabunga, amakhulu futhi amise okweqanda nge-apex ecijile, lapho ziqhakaza umbala wama-bracts ezimbali uluhlaza futhi lapho zivuthwa ziyahlukahluka ngemibala ehlukene njengomhlophe. pink, blue and purple. AmaHydrangea anama-inflorescence ngendlela yamapompomu amakhulu emibala epinki nemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka avame ukubonwa.
Izimbali zawo zincane futhi ziqoqwe ngezinhlobo zama-pompom okuthiwa ama-corymbs, okuyikhona okwenza lezi zitshalo zikhange. Ziyizitshalo ezidinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuhle futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu zikhonjiswa ukuthi zikhule ngaphandle kwendlu, ezingadini, emasimini, nakuba kuphakanyiswa ukuthi zitshalwe eduze kwezihlahla ezinkulu noma izakhiwo ukuze zihlunge ukukhanya kwelanga ngesikhathi sasemini. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, zimelana namazinga okushisa aphansi enkathini yasebusika.
Descripción
Ama-Hydrangeas inflorescence atholakala ekugcineni kweziqu zawo, avela ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo futhi ahlala ephila kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkathi yasekwindla. Kuma-inflorescences aqoqwe ngama-corymbs wokugcina lapho kumila khona izimbali ezincane zangempela zeHydrangea, ezinama-bracts azo aguquliwe azungeze imbali ngayinye futhi anemibala ehlukene komhlophe, obomvana, onsomi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Lesi sitshalo sikhula njengesihlahla esinamaqabunga, ngoba silahlekelwa amaqabunga ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka, ubukhulu baso buhluka phakathi kwamamitha angu-1 kuya kwangu-3 ukuphakama. Amaqabunga awo alula aphambene, amise okweqanda, anemiphetho ejijekile futhi acuminate, ubude bawo obujwayelekile buphakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-7 no-20. Izimbali zakhona zinemibala eyahlukene njengomhlophe, pink, blue and purple. AmaHydrangea aqhakaza phakathi kwezinkathi zasentwasahlobo nehlobo.
Ukwehluka kombala weHydrangeas kuhlotshaniswa ngokuqondile nobuningi bezinhlayiya ze- "aluminium sulfate" enhlabathini, okuyikhona okunquma i-pH yomhlabathi. Uma i-pH ingathathi hlangothi ku-alkaline noma isisekelo, kusho ukuthi iqukethe i-aluminium encane, lokhu kuvumela ukwakheka kwezimbali ezipinki. Ngenhlabathi ene-pH = 5,5 noma ngaphansi, ibonisa ukuthi inenani elikhulu "i-aluminium sulfate, okwenza izimbali zibe bluish ngombala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izitshalo eziqhakaza zimhlophe azinqunywa inani le-pH lenhlabathi.
Lobu budlelwane bezitshalo nomhlabathi bukuvumela ukuthi udlale ngendlela yezimbali ngemibala yezimbali zeHydrangea.Ngokombala wembali ofuna ukuyikhulisa, wengeza umanyolo onamafomula amakhemikhali ahlukene. Okusho ukuthi, uma ufuna ukukhulisa ama-hydrangea ngezimbali ezipinki, sebenzisa umanyolo nge-nitrogen eningi ne-phosphorus kanye ne-potassium encane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ufuna ukuqhakaza okunemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, sebenzisa umanyolo onenani eliphakeme le-potassium.
Ezentela
Ubulili IHydrangea UCarlos Linnaeus wawachaza okokuqala, owayishicilela ngo-1753 ngo Izinhlobo Plantarum 1: 397. 1753. Itemu eliyinkomponi IHydrangea, Livela emagameni esiGreki asho “amanzi” kanye “nevase”, noma “ingilazi yamanzi”, ngenxa yezimpawu zamaphilisi alo amise okwenkomishi. Izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-43 ziye zachazwa futhi zamukelwa ukuthi ziyingxenye yohlu I-Hydrangea. Ezinye izinhlobo ezamukelwayo zibaliwe.
- i-hydrangea engavamile I-Himalayas, eNingizimu-mpumalanga China
- I-Hydrangea arborescens I-Eastern North America
- IHydrangea eqinile. China, Himalayas.
- IHydrangea bretschneideri. China.
- i-hydrangea candida. China.
- IHydrangea caudatifolia. China.
- I-Hydrangea chinensis. China.
- IHydrangea chungii. China.
- I-Hydrangea cinerea I-Eastern United States.
- I-Hydrangea coacta. China.
- I-Hydrangea coenobialis. China.
- IHydrangea davidii. China.
- I-Hydrangea dumicola. China.
- IHydrangea gracilis. China.
- IHydrangea heteromesh. I-Himalayas, China.
- I-Hydrangea isitshalo. Japan.
- Hydrangea hypoglauca. China.
- IHydrangea integrifolia. China.
- I-Hydrangea implicata. Japan kanye Taiwan.
- I-Hydrangea isitshalo. I-Taiwan.
- Hydrangea kwangsiensis. China.
- Hydrangea kwangtungensis. China.
- I-Hydrangea isitshalo. China.
- I-Hydrangea linkweensis. China.
- IHydrangea longifolia. China.
- I-Hydrangea longipes. I-West China.
- IHydrangea macrocarpa. China.
- IHydrangea macrophylla INingizimu Japan neKorea.
- Hydrangea mangshanensis. China.
- IHydrangea paniculata China, Japan, Korea, Sakhalin.
- IHydrangea petiolaris Japan, Korea, Sakhalin.
- IHydrangea quercifolia United States
- I-Hydrangea isitshalo United States
- i-hydrangea eqinile. China, Himalayas.
- IHydrangea sargentiana. I-West China.
- Imbewu yeHydrangea. Japan naseningizimu kuya ePhilippines.
- IHydrangea serrata. Japan kanye Korea.
- IHydrangea serratifolia. I-Chile ne-Argentina.
- I-Hydrangea stenophylla. China.
- I-Hydrangea strigosa. China.
- I-Hydrangea stylosa. China.
- IHydrangea sungpanensis. China.
- IHydrangea xanthoneura. China.
- IHydrangea zhewanensis. China.
Ukunakekelwa Nokusabalalisa
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, isitshalo se-hydrangea besilokhu sitshalwa ezingadini njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa ngenxa ye-inflorescence yaso ebabazekayo, eJapan futhi kusukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX, ukutshalwa kwaso kwanwetshwa nakwamanye amazwe anesimo sezulu esipholile. Izinhlobo ezitshalwa kakhulu zeHydrangea emhlabeni H.macrophylla, ngokuba yizinhlobo ezisabalele kakhulu futhi ezenziwe ngokwemvelo zeHydrangea kuzo zonke izinhlobo zohlobo lweHydrangea. Lolu hlobo lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-600.
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-hydrangea, kufanele kukhethwe indawo eqondile yezitshalo. Hhayi-ke, indawo embi yezitshalo ingaholela ekukhuleni okuncane futhi izimbali ezimbalwa ziyazalwa futhi izimbali zayo zintekenteke, esikhundleni salokho uma ukhetha indawo enhle uzoba nezitshalo ezinhle ezakhiwe kahle zeHydrangeas ezinezimbali ezinhle nezichichimayo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-hydrangeas kufanele akhule endaweni enokukhanya kwelanga okuhle, noma kunjalo, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuphepha, njengokuthi: ukutshala izitshalo endaweni enokukhanya okuhle nokuthi imisebe yelanga ayifinyeleli kuzo ngokuqinile. Lokhu kuthinta ukukhula kwazo. Uma kwenzeka uyitshala endaweni lapho ukukhanya okuncane kufinyelela kuyo, izokhiqiza izimbali ezimbalwa futhi izoba isitshalo esincane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iHydrangea kumele itshalwe endaweni enokukhanya okwanele kodwa engafinyeleli kuyo ngqo.
Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala, ngokuyisisekelo khetha indawo lapho izitshalo zeHydrangea zikhula ngaphandle kokuthinta ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande zazo, okungukuthi, ukuthi indawo yazo yanele ukuthi ikhule kahle. Inhlabathi lapho kutshalwe khona amaHydrangea kumele kube yinhlabathi edonsa amanzi kahle hhayi enobumba noma enodaka. Kufanele itshalwe ekuqaleni kwenkathi yasehlobo noma ekupheleni kwenkathi yasekwindla.
ukutshala inhlabathi
Inhlabathi yendawo yokutshala kufanele ibe ne-acidic kancane, ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle futhi singabuni ngokushesha. Izitshalo zeHydrangea kumele zivundiswe njalo ukuze zibe nezimbali ezinhle. Ukuze wazi ukuthi isitshalo sithatha izakhi kahle, bheka umbala wezimbali zaso, ukuze ubone ukuthi umbala wezimbali uchazwe futhi ugqamile, uma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi zondliwe kahle.
Uma izitshalo zeHydrangea zitshalwa emhlabathini one-alkaline kakhulu, zikuthola kunzima ukumunca insimbi enhlabathini futhi izitshalo ziqala ukuhlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwensimbi, okubangela i-chlorosis emaqabunga azo. Umanyolo onensimbi usetshenziswa ukwenza ngcono ukumuncwa kwensimbi.
Izihlahla
Ukuze ugcine ukuma kwayo futhi ulinganise isisindo sayo, kuphakanyiswa ukuthena iziqu zayo njalo. Lo mkhuba uzovimbela isihlahla ukuthi singakhuli kakhulu futhi ngenxa yesisindo seziqu zaso, ziyagoba futhi ziphule. Kwezinye izinhlobo izimbali zeziqu ezindala kuphela kanti lezo ziqu ezikhula ngemva kokuthenwa zizoqhakaza emjikelezweni olandelayo.
ukuchelela nini
Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nehlobo, izitshalo ze-hydrangea kufanele ziniselwe njalo futhi zinamanzi amaningi, ukuze inhlabathi ihlale inomswakama, inqobo nje uma ingagcwali amanzi. Ngendlela efanayo, kuphakanyiswa ukufafaza ngamanzi angenayo i-calcareous, ngale ndlela kwakhiwa indawo eyanele yokukhula kwezitshalo zeHydrangea. Nakuba ithanda indawo enomswakama, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi uma indawo ezungezile inomswakama kakhulu, ingase ithande ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta kanye nezilwanyane.
Ukuzala
Izitshalo zeHydrangea ngokuvamile zizalana ngendlela engavamile, ngokusebenzisa izigxobo noma ukusikwa emagatsheni ngemva kokuqhakaza, ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Ukuze isitshalo simile kahle, izigxobo kufanele zibekwe endaweni enomthunzi ongaphelele, umswakama ophezulu, inhlabathi ekhishwe kahle ukuze kugwenywe izikhukhula kanye namazinga okushisa abandayo kakhulu.
Ukulawulwa kwesifo nezifo
Isicabucabu esibomvu kanye nama-aphid yizilokazane zezitshalo zeHydrangea ezisithinta kakhulu, ezingalawuleka ngokufaka ama-acaricides nama-insecticides. I-Hydrangeas ivame ukuhlaselwa isikhunta, esibizwa ngokuthi i-powdery mildew, uma ubona amaqabunga awonakaliswe yilesi sikhunta nanoma yimuphi omunye, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi amaqabunga agulayo asuswe, futhi alaphe nge-fungicides ukuze aphulukise izitshalo. Njengoba nje ngisusa amaqabunga, kunconywa ukususa izimbali ezibunile noma ezifile ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi zingama-fungus nama-bacteria, okuzokwenza isitshalo sigule.
Eminye imikhuba yamasiko
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinqubo zamasiko ezingenhla, umanyolo noma umquba kufanele kufakwe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ngokufanayo, ngemva kokuba isikhathi sokuqhakaza sesidlulile, ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kweziqu ezintsha nokulinganisela isisindo sesitshalo, ukuthenwa kokuqeqeshwa kwenziwa.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izigxobo ukusiza ukukhula okuhle kweziqu ezintsha. Kufanele uqaphele ngokunisela, kungabi kuningi kakhulu noma kuhluleke ngokuzenzakalelayo, uma unisela kancane, izimbali zoma futhi zibune ngaphambi kwesikhathi sazo. Khumbula lezi zitshalo zeHydrangea, zikhula kahle enhlabathini emanzi, engenawo amanzi. Nakuba amaHydrangea ekhula ezindaweni ezibandayo, kufanele avikelwe enkathini yasebusika ekushintsheni okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa kanye nomoya onamandla nomoya.
Ukusetshenziswa kweHydrangea
Izitshalo zeHydrangeas kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo bezisetshenziswa njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa ukuhlobisa izingadi. Zibuye zisetshenziswe njengezimbali zezimbali ze-bridal bouquets kanye nezitshalo zemvelo ze-Hydrangeas zigcinwe isikhathi eside ngoba zihlala isikhathi eside. Kanye nalokhu kusetshenziswa, kukhona nezinye.
bhema izimbali zakho
Emazweni afana neJalimane ne-France, athathe indlela yokubhema amacembe ayo ukuze abe nemiphumela ye-hallucinogenic, ngaphansi kwemiphumela yawo abathengi babona izinto ezihlukile kulezo ezikhona futhi bazwela kakhulu imisindo. Lena imikhuba eyingozi kakhulu ngoba ukushisa kweHydrangeas kukhiqiza i-hydrocyanic acid, enobuthi kakhulu.
ama-hydrangeas agcinwe
Ngenxa yesidingo sabo esikhulu kwabatshali bezimbali abathile nasezindlini ezingadini zezentengiselwano, banikela ngamaHydrangea emvelo agciniwe. Lokhu kwelashwa kwe-horticultural kusiza ukugcina izici zemvelo kanye nokuthungwa kwesitshalo isikhathi eside futhi kuqondile ezimbali zaso. Ukugcinwa kwayo kuphansi futhi abantu bayayithanda ngokubheka ukuthi basetshenziselwa ukwenza izingoma zezimbali ngezimbali zemvelo nezinhle. Zisetshenziselwa ama-bouquets omshado, futhi ukuhlobisa izindawo zothando nezithambile. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hydrangeas ezigciniwe, ezinye zazo yilezi:
I-Premium. I-Premium Hydrangeas inemibala egqamile futhi ekhangayo. Nezincazelo zayo ezahlukene. Imibala yamaPremium Preserved Hydrangeas ngomhlophe, pink, green, lilac, red and pastel blue.
AmaHydrangea agcinwe ngokwejwayelekile anemibala ehlukene eluhlaza futhi ansundu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, opinki obumnyama nobomvu. Kukhona ama-Bicolor Natural Preserved Hydrangeas, ayizitshalo zemvelo ezinemibala ehlukene ezimbalini zazo. Hlanganisa imibala ebomvu, ephinki kanye neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi
IHydrangeas isitshalo esikhangayo kakhulu kubantu ngenxa ye-inflorescence yayo enhle futhi ikakhulukazi ukuhleleka kwayo kumapompomu ezimbali anemibala egqamile, emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, epinki kanye nensomi ukuthi noma ngabe unolwazi nokwenza kahle ungashintsha unyaka. ngonyaka, ngokomthamo kamanyolo kanye nohlobo olusetshenziswayo olushintshashintsha i-pH yenhlabathi lapho itshalwe khona. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinqubo zamasiko futhi ezithuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kokuhlobisa, iHydrangea ibilokhu isetshenziswa njengokwelapha kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sitshalo ngezinhloso zokwelapha kwaxhashazwa amaShayina asendulo naseNyakatho Melika yizizwe zasendulo. Ngokusho kocwaningo, izimpande zezitshalo zeHydrangeas zinamandla okulwa nokuvuvukala, kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, isitshalo seHydrangea sisiza ukuvikela nokukhipha amatshe ezinso ngenxa yomphumela waso wokukhipha isisu osiza ukuchama kangcono.
Izinhlobonhlobo zamaHydrangeas
Izitshalo zeHydrangea kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ziye zaba nesixhumanisi nesintu, zihlobisa izingadi, zinezincazelo ezihlukahlukene ezingase zibe yiqiniso noma zingabi yiqiniso. Ngokufanayo, amaHydrangea angezinye zezitshalo ezimbalwa ezinombala wembali yazo onqunywa ubumuncu noma ukuqina kwenhlabathi. AmaHydrangea anezimbali eziluhlaza atholakala ngenhlabathi ene-asidi eningi, nalawo anemibala epinki ene-acidity encane yomhlabathi.
Ukuqhakaza kwesitshalo seHydrangea kwenzeka unyaka wonke, njengoba iqala ukuqhakaza ngoMashi, ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo futhi iqhubeke kuze kube uSepthemba futhi ngisho nangemva kokuphela kwale nyanga nasekwindla.
Uma ufuna izimbali zakho zeHydrangea zihlale isikhathi eside, zithene noma usike izixha zezimbali zazo futhi uzifake evazini noma ezimbalini ezinamanzi, uzobona ukuthi izimbali zazo zihlala kanjani isikhathi eside ngokubukeka kwazo okusha.
Njengezitshalo eziningi, amaHydrangea awafanele ukudliwa abantu, ikakhulukazi amacembe awo, ngoba anobuthi. Ngakho qaphela izingane kanye nabantu abasha.
Uma ufuna ukuqhubeka nokufunda ngomhlaba omuhle wezitshalo, ngikumema ukuthi ufunde lokhu okuthunyelwe okulandelayo: