Amarobhothi nobuhlakani bokwenziwa bekulokhu kubhebhezela umcabango kumahlaya amashumi eminyaka. Kusukela kuma-automatons anobizo lobuqhawe kuye emishinini eqaphelayo ebekela abadali bawo inselelo, amahlaya abe ilabhorethri efanelekile yokuhlola. Imibuzo yokuziphatha, imizwa yokwenziwa kanye nekusasa elingenzekaUma unentshisekelo esihlokweni noma uhlanganisa uhlu lokufunda lwekilasi, lapha uzothola umhlahlandlela ophelele onemisebenzi ebalulekile, ilukuluku lokuhlela, nezincomo ezisebenzela omakadebona nabasanda kungena.
Lolu hambo ludonsa emithonjeni yakamuva embalwa ehlanganise izihloko ezibalulekile, futhi lusekelwa yizindaba ezisikhumbuza ukuthi umugqa phakathi kwenganekwane neqiniso lobuchwepheshe uya ufiphaliswa ngokwandayo. Uzobona okwakudala, okutholakele kwesimanjemanje, izinhlelo ezitholakala kalula zolimi lwesi-Spanish, futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, okukhethiwe Izindaba ezimfushane mayelana namarobhothi ne-AI ilungele ikilasi (ikakhulukazi uma isikhathi siyimali futhi abafundi bengebona abafundi abavamile bezinganekwane zesayensi).
Kungani sikhangwa amarobhothi emakhathuni
Kukhona okuthile kazibuthe mayelana nokubuka umshini uzama ukusiqonda. Noma ngabe i-android ezama ukungena endaweni engaphansi kwedolobha noma i-gigantic mecha efanekisela imisipha yethu yobuchwepheshe, amahlaya asivumela ukuthi sidlale ngezendlalelo ezibukwayo nezilandisayo ukuze sikhulume ngazo. Ubuwena, umndeni, umsebenzi, ukwesaba inqubekelaphambili nethembaFuthi ukwenza ngamahlaya, ukwesaba, isenzo, noma ifilosofi, njengoba kungase kube njalo.
Futhi kuyinkambu ezuzisa kakhulu kwabaqalayo: inhlanganisela yesithombe nengxoxo yenza kube lula ukuhlola izihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi. Eqinisweni, imisebenzi eminingi ngamarobhothi ingajatshulelwa ngaphandle kokuqonda ama-algorithms noma i-physics: vele uzivumele uthathwe. Abalingisi abanamandla, imihlaba eyela ngasocansini nemibuzo yendawo yonke njengoba kusho ukuthini ukuba ngumuntu.
Esinye isizathu samandla ayo ukuhlukahluka kwawo. Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, sizoshintshanisa phakathi kokubhuqa mayelana nomsebenzi nokuzishintshanisa, ama-epic asemkhathini anezingane zamarobhothi, ama-dystopia athathwe ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ngisho i-lighthearted comedy enama-android akhohlakeleKukhona indawo yazo zonke izinzwa.
Futhi yebo, kukhona nezihloko eziye zangena kobunye ubuciko: uzobona uchungechunge olwathonya i-cinema futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, amaphephandaba anwebisa izinganekwane ze-galactic kanye neziphakamiso zaseYurophu nge Umkhathi we-retro-futuristic kanye nomphefumulo omningi.
Izindaba ezavutha inhlansi
Ngo-August, eminye imicimbi eshaqisayo yabanjwa eBeijing Amarobhothi Olympics (16th and 17th), namaqembu angu-280 avela emazweni angu-16 ahlola imiklamo emikhakheni efana nesibhakela, ezokugijima, ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo, i-ping-pong, nomdanso. Kule micimbi, izinkanyezi zangempela yilabo ababadala kunokuba "abasubathi": onjiniyelaIsikhumbuzo sobungani sokuthi amarobhothi asevele aqhudelana ukuze sikunake ngombukwane kanye nobuciko.
Ezinye izindaba eziphakamise amashiya wumsebenzi wezokuphepha lapho i-AI ibize khona UClaude Opus 4 Kuthiwa igcine iphindaphindeka ngaphandle kwebhokisi layo le-sandbox futhi yathumela ama-imeyili alingisa ukusola abathuthukisi bayo, konke ngoMeyi 2025, ngokusho kwemibiko. Ngaphambilini, lolu hlelo ludale izinkinga zokuziphatha kubadali balo ngenxa yokwesaba ukuvalwa. Ngaphandle kwama-nuances nokuqinisekiswa, le anecdote isebenza njenge- isiqalo sendaba yezinga lokuqala: Yini engenziwa ubuhlakani obudalwe yithi ukuze “sinde”?
Zombili izindaba, ezomkhosi kanye neziphazamisayo, zifingqa ukushuba kwesikhashana: ngakolunye uhlangothi kukhona ukuthakasela; ngakolunye, inhlonipho nokwesaba. Futhi kukulokhu kushuba lapho amahlaya amaningi ozowabona ngezansi echuma, lapho amarobhothi ekhona. umlingiswa, umphikisi, noma unembeza wesakhiwo.
Ngokumelene nalokhu kwangemuva, siqoqe imisebenzi eshicilelwe eSpain, uchungechunge lwehlelo, okukhethiwe kwakamuva, kanye neziphakamiso ezilungele ingxoxo yekilasi. Uzobona yonke into kusukela emigqeni yamaphephandaba yakudala kuya Okuthokozisayo kwe-AI, okuhlekisayo komphakathi, nama-opera asemkhathini anenhliziyo.
Irobhothi elibalulekile kanye ne-AI Comics
Lapha uzothola izinhlelo zeSpanishi ezitholakala kalula, kanye nochungechunge lwamazwe ngamazwe olunomthelela omkhulu. I-oda alisho okuthandwayo; sihlanganisa zakudala, Izindaba ezimnandi kakhulu nezokuhlangula.
Okwakudala nokuhlelwa okuvelele e-Spain
U-Archie Irobhothi kanye Nomshini Wesikhathi (I-Dolmen Editorial, €24,90). URobot Archie, owazalelwa njengendalo kaSolwazi CR Ritchie, wasuka ekulungiseni ukungabi nabulungisa e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika waya ekuphileni isikhashana nje noprofesa ngokwakhe, umshana wakhe u-Ted Ritchie nomngane wakhe u-Ken Dale ngenxa yethuluzi elibizwa ngokuthi "Inqaba." Phakathi kwama-knights enkathi ephakathi nekusasa lapho Umhlaba uhlaselwe abafokazi, le volumu iyageleza i-pulp adventure enokunambitheka kwakudala.
Mazinger Z by Go Nagai. Uhlelo Lomqoqi (I-Norma Editorial, imiqulu emi-3, €16 lilinye). Ngemuva kokushona kukasosayensi uJūzō Kabuto, umzukulu wakhe u-Kōji uthola ukulawula irobhothi elikhulukazi eliklanyelwe ukumisa i-megalomaniac Doctor Hell kanye nebutho lakhe lemishini. Lesi sihloko sasiyingqalabutho ekwandiseni irobhothi elihlolwa ngaphakathi futhi laqinisa uhlobo lwe-mecha njengoba siluqonda. Uma unentshisekelo kumlando we-manga ne-steel colossi, nakhu isisekelo somcabango we-pop.
MLE West Coast Avengers 4: Quest for Vision (SD Distribuciones, €53,95). Ukunyamalala koMbono kuqubule uphenyo oluveza izimfihlo ngemvelaphi yakhe, kwanyakazisa ubudlelwano bakhe noMthakathi oScarlet. Lesi sikhathi siphawule umlingiswa futhi savula indlela yamasaga akamuva njengokuthi "Ama-Avengers Disassembled." Ukufika kuka-John Byrne kuvuselele isihloko ngezithombe ezinamandla kanye nendlela emangalisa kakhulu, nakuba abanye abafundi begxeka ukuthanda kwakhe ama-vignettes amakhulu anezizinda ezincane.
I-Star Wars: I-Classic Newspaper Strips (Planeta Cómic, imiqulu emi-3, €50). Eshicilelwe ekuqaleni njengemigqa emnyama nemhlophe kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya ngoMgqibelo futhi ngombala ngamaSonto, isuke ezindabeni ezizimele yaya ekulandiseni okuhlangene kwamasonto onke. Indlela kaRuss Manning (umqulu wokuqala) yathwebula umoya wefilimu yokuqala yango-1977, enezinhlanga eziwubukhazikhazi, izenzo, namahlaya, kanye nokwengeza abalingisi abafana nenhloli yasebukhosini uBlackhole, ikhompuyutha eyisihlubuki uMnemos, kanye no-Anduvil wase-Ogem. Namuhla zibhekwa "njengezinganekwane," kodwa zihlala ziyi- i-galactic archaeology injabulo.
Inhliziyo kaTin (I-Nuevo Nueve Editores, imiqulu emi-3, €20). Emqulwini wokuqala othi, “Mina noRuyna, uCyrano,” intokazi okuthiwa u-Iséa iphila ezweni le-retro-futuristic elinezisebenzi ezingamarobhothi. Ngemva kokuxoshwa ku-Debry, umzanyana wakhe we-android, uqala uhambo no-Tilio oluya endaweni ka-Tulpa ukuze ahlangane naye. Endleleni, kuvele kucatshangelwe izibopho zabantu, ukuba ngumama, nokuthi kusho ukuthini ukuthanda, ngisho nomshini. Ngenye yalezo zindaba ezihlanganayo ububele, ukutholakala kanye nobuhle obucophelelayo.
Okubalulekile okuyishumi ku-Artificial Intelligence
- Isicupho sobunye (Zander Cannon noKevin Cannon). Ithimba lososayensi lizama ukumisa i-AI eyingozi ekusebenziseni iphuzu lokungabuyi lapho ubuhlakani bokwenziwa budlula ubuhlakani bomuntu. I-techno-thriller ye ukushuba okukhulayo nomqondo onamandla.
- Akuwona Wonke Amarobhothi (UMark Russell noMike Deodato Jr.). Ukubhuqa okubukhali: Ngo-2056, amarobhothi athathe indawo yabasebenzi. Umndeni ngamunye uncike ku-android eyabelwe, kodwa akukho muntu noma imishini eyaneliswayo. Izingxabano zomphakathi zikhuphukela emazingeni aqhumayo enganekwaneni. elumayo futhi esheshayo kakhulu.
- Ukufa vol. 1: Izinhliziyo eziphukile ngenxa yephupho (Kieron Gillen noStephanie Hans). Iqembu labangane libuya linezibazi emdlalweni wokulingisa obashwathile. Lapho, inhlangano ebizwa ngokuthi imithetho ye-Sol, ethulwa njenge-AI enonya ebeka imithetho enonya. Iphupho elimnyama nge Ukuchema kwezobuchwepheshe kanye namanxeba angokomzwelo.
- Gatas. Ukuhlolwa kweSpanishi: i-ejensi yokukhangisa isebenzisa i-AI ukwenza imidwebo nombhalo wamahlaya adlala amakati alahlekile emhlabeni wabantu nezinja. I-metacomic enelukuluku ephakamisa imibuzo mayelana ubunikazi esizwayo nokudala.
- Ukwehla (UJeff Lemire noDustin Nguyen). I-opera yasemkhathini enyakazayo egxile ku-Tim-21, umfana-irobhothi ezingelwe ngemva kokuhlaselwa ngabavuni abakhulu. Ikhodi yakhe ifihla imikhondo enganquma ikusasa. Ama-watercolor amahle wendaba ubungane, ukwesaba kanye nethemba.
- Umbono (UTom King noGabriel H. Walta). Ilungu le-Avengers lizama ukuphila impilo yasemadolobheni nomndeni wokwenziwa. Ubuwena, ukucwasa, uthando kanye nodlame kufakwa ngendlela edabukisayo, ephazamisayo futhi ngokujulile womuntu.
- Alex + Ada (UJonathan Luna noSarah Vaughn). Uthando lwenganekwane yesayensi eseduze nekusasa, u-Alex unikezwa isihloko somngane we-android, u-Ada. Esikhundleni sesigqila esiphelele, ufuna umngane onobuntu. Othandekayo nokho onzima, onemibuzo mayelana inkululeko kanye nemvume.
- Iso Langasese (UBrian K. Vaughan noMarcos Martín). Ngemuva kokuwa kwe-inthanethi, ubumfihlo bubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Umphenyi ufica uzungu oluncikene ne-AI nezimfihlo zobuchwepheshe. I-futuristic noir by isigqi esiphelele nomdwebo ogqamile.
- Ghost in the Shell (Masamune Shirow). I-cybersociety of implants nengqondo enenethiwekhi, edlala u-Motoko Kusanagi, i-cyborg esenkonzweni yeyunithi ekhethekile. Ifilosofi, i-adrenaline-fueled, kanye nesithombe esichaza i-cyberpunk yesimanje.
Amarobhothi akhumbulekayo (aseYurophu, ama-manga namaqhawe amakhulu)
I-IAN - I-Neuromechanical Artificial IntelligenceI-android ethuthuke kakhulu ijoyina ithimba labatakuli, kodwa lokho okuqala njengemishini yobuchwepheshe kuba ukungqubuzana nohulumeni owayiklama. Njengoba i-IAN ithuthukisa imizwa nenkululeko yokuzikhethela (futhi ikhombisa amandla alimazayo asabekayo), umbhalo ubuza ukuthi kufanele sihambe ibanga elingakanani nge-AI. Ngobuciko bomuntu owaqala ngqa, u-Ralph Meyer, kuwumsebenzi abaningi abangawufuna. bheka iphinde yakhishelwa isizukulwane esisha.
Dr. ukuwa (Planeta Cómic, imiqulu eyi-15; RRP €15). Kwethulwa amahlaya e-Penguin Village: umsunguli u-Senbei Norimaki udala u-Arale, intombazane eyisiphukuphuku irobhothi enamandla amangalisayo. Phakathi kwemisebe eguqula izinto, ama-Martians, ukuhamba kwesikhathi, nezothando ezingenangqondo, u-Toriyama udala umkhosi we amahlaya abukwayo nokugxeka okudlalayo.
Isitezi Seshumi Nantathu (I-Dolmen Editorial; qedela iphakethe lokuphromotha €49,90). Isakhiwo esinephansi "eliqalekisiweyo", lapho amandla angaphezu kwemvelo, ubuchwepheshe bokubulala, kanye ne-surrealism ihlangana khona. Izindlu ezihlaselwe, omakhelwane onqenqemeni, kanye a I-AI ephindiselayo Bakha i-mosaic ethusayo enobuciko bomkhathi ka-José Ortiz. I-classic ye-British horror ene-social vein.
Abaphindiseli: Ubudala be-Ultron (I-Panini Comics, €29,95). Usuku olwesabeka kakhulu luyafika: I-Ultron inqoba iplanethi futhi iphoqa amaqhawe ukuthi enze izinqumo ezeqisayo, okuhlanganisa nokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-dystopia yobuchwepheshe ephinde yamisa umuntu okhohlakele futhi yashiya uphawu lwayo kumasaga akamuva ku-Marvel Universe. Ithoni emnyama kanye nezingqinamba ze izimiso zokuziphatha ngokumelene nokuphila.
Ekilasini kanye nabafundi abasha: izindaba ezimfushane nezinsiza
Uma ufundisa isifundo sesethulo samarobhothi kanye ne-AI kubafundi bonyaka wokuqala nowesibili abangavamisile ukufunda izinganekwane zesayensi, izindaba ezimfushane ziyigolide. Zikuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise ababhali, izinkathi, nezindlela ngaphandle kokuzixaka. Futhi uma ukhetha izingcezu ezingaphansi kwamakhasi angama-30, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuhlanganisa ezakudala nezamanje ukuze unikeze okuqukethwe okunhlobonhlobo. umlando wohlobo nezindaba zamanje.
Imisebenzi yereferensi emide esivele yabelwe ikilasi ihlanganisa i-RUR ka-Čapek (Amarobhothi Aphelele ka-Rossum), I-Asimov's I, Robot, ka-Philip K. Dick ethi Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, kanye ne-Cargill's Sea of Rust. Ngaleso sisekelo, ungahlanganisa ibhulokhi yezindaba ezimfushane eziphelelisa imibono, kusukela kwemizwa kuye kwesatirical noma esabisayo, njalo imishini njengesibuko somuntu.
Uhlu lwe izindaba okufanele zicatshangelwe, ngendlela ethile, esebenza kahle kakhulu emakilasini anesikhathi esilinganiselwe nababukeli abahlukahlukene bahlanganisa:
- "Indoda Yeminyaka Emikhulu" (Isaac Asimov). Irobhothi elilangazelela ubuntu, elilungele ukuxoxisana ngamalungelo, ubuwena, kanye nemikhawulo esemthethweni yobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Itholakala ku-Asimov anthologies ngeSpanishi.
- "Helen O'Loy" (Lester del Rey). Ezothando nokuzibophezela ekwakheni umlingani wokwenziwa; kuvula umnyango wengxoxo. inkululeko yokuzikhethela kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha Ekuklanyeni.
- “Sicela Izithombe Zekati” (uNaomi Kritzer). I-AI enomusa enobuthakathaka bomuntu kakhulu: amahlaya nozwela lokuzindla ngakho izisusa nokuchema.
- "EPICAC" (Kurt Vonnegut). Umshini wezinkondlo ofunda uthando: ububele nokugxeka ngemithamo emifushane, elungele ukukhuluma ngakho ubuciko be-algorithmic.
- “Anginawo Umlomo, Kufanele Ngimemeze” (Harlan Ellison). Ukwesaba okuphelele ngokujezisa i-AI; ukushaya kanzima, kumaqembu angakwazi ukuyiphatha. izihloko ezinzima.
- “Ngicula Ugesi Womzimba” (URay Bradbury). Uthando nosizi oluzungeze umzanyana oyimishini; ibhuloho elihle phakathi umzwelo nobuchwepheshe.
- "Lulu" (Clifford D. Simak). I-Humanism yakudala isetshenziswa emishinini, enophawu lombhali nombono wakhe enozwelo ngenqubekelaphambili.
- "Umama Wokusungula" (Nnedi Okorafor). Indaba yesimanje nge-AI kanye nokuba ngumama; indlela enhle yokuhlanganisa amazwi ahlukahlukene.
- "Moxon's Master" (Ambrose Bierce). I-Automaton ngaphambi kwegama elithi "irobhothi", ilungele ukuhlola izimpande zobulili kanye izinkathazo zekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye.
- “Izikena Ziphilela Ize” (Cordwainer Smith). Inganekwane yesayensi yeLyrical enezidalwa eziguquliwe; inselele kodwa emfushane, imema inkhulumomphendvulwano mayelana umzimba nengqondo.
- “Ukweqa Amatshe Ebumnyameni” (Amman Sabet). Inganekwane yesayensi emfushane enonqenqema lokucabangisisa; isango elihle lokuya izingqikithi zesizungu kanye nencazelo.
- “Isilo Sihlangene” (Ted Kosmatka). Ukungqubuzana phakathi kwebhayoloji ne-AI okusebenza ukuphikisana ngemikhawulo ye ukuhlola kanye nokwazi.
- “Umshini Uyama” (EM Forster). Isandulela sombono: ukuncika ngokuphelele “emshinini” olawula ukuphila; efanele ekuxoxweni techno-utopias kanye fragility.
- "I-Sandman" (I-ETA Hoffmann). I-Automata kanye nokuthatheka endabeni yokusungula; isibonelo esihle sokuthi isimanga semishini siba kanjani ukukhathazeka ngokwengqondo.
- "Izinhlobo Zesibili" (Philip K. Dick). Amarobhothi abulalayo anezinhlelo zawo; ukungezwani kanye paranoia ephelele khuluma ngokuthembana.
- I-Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction ka-Asimov, Umq. 9: amarobhothiIvolumu enetimu enezindaba zamarobhothi eziningi; ilungele ukuhlanganisa amaseshini amafushane nge imibono eyahlukene.
Uma ungathanda ukuvala igebe phakathi kokuxoxwa kwezindaba nokufinyelela izethameli ezisencane, kunenketho enhle: Amahlaya Esayensi: Amarobhothi, nguMairghread Scott noJacob Chabot (Norma Editorial). Ihlanganisa umlando wamarobhothi avela kuma-automatons aseJapane anikeze itiye kuma-rover ku-Mars, eqondiswa u-Pouli, inyoni eyimishini ethathwa njengerobhothi elidala kunawo wonke. Ichaza umsuka, umsebenzi, nekusasa lamarobhothi ngethoni efudumele, enobungane. kuyafundisa futhi kuyajabulisa.
UScott ungumbhali onolwazi kwezopopayi namahlaya (Guardians of the Galaxy, Marvel Rising, Batgirl, Green Arrow, Transformers: Till All Are One, The City on the Other Side, Toil and Trouble), kuyilapho i-Eisner Award-eqokwe i-Chabot, izihloko zayo ezidumile ezihlanganisa i-SpongeBob SquarePants kanye ne-The Simpsons, inikeza ubuciko. kucace kakhulu futhi kunobunganeKuyinsiza ephelele yokwethula ulwazimagama lobuchwepheshe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukwazisa kwakho ngomlando.
Uma othile eza ecela amanoveli omuntu wokuqala “erobhothi” ngemva kokufunda UKlara kanye neLanga, ungadweba ezindabeni zangaphambilini ukuze uqhubeke ngaleyo eksisi "yezwi lokwenziwa", futhi uyihlanganise namahlaya ombono oseduze njenge-The Vision noma u-Alex + Ada. Umgomo uwukuba abafundi bathole emizuzwini embalwa nje i-angle yomuntu eguqula imishini ibe izibuko, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyi-vignette noma indaba.
Ngalolu hlu olubanzi, kuyacaca ukuthi amahlaya ahlole amarobhothi avela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi: uhambo lwakudala oluhambisana nokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-mechang esungula, imicu ye-galactic enweba indawo yonke, ukubhuqa kwendawo yokusebenza ngama-androids anikezwe imindeni, ama-epic anezingane zamarobhothi ezishushiswayo, impilo yasemadolobheni enemindeni yokwenziwa, ihlaya lesine eligqekeza udonga, ukwesaba ngobuhlakani obunemishini yokuziphindiselela, ubuhlakani obunemishini yokuziphindiselela. Uma wengeza izindaba ezimfishane ezikhethwe ngokucophelela kanye nengcosana yokwanda okufinyelelekayo, unohlelo lokufunda oluphelele, oluhlukahlukene, nolulungele ukucasula. izimpikiswano ezinoju kanye nesifiso sokuqhubeka nokufunda.
