Amalebula emvelo. Zisitshelani?

Amaphakheji kufanele alebulwe kanjani kusukela ngoJanuwari 2023? Lokhu kucaciswa imihlahlandlela yoMnyango Wezemvelo, eshicilelwe ngemva kokusebenzisa izinkomba zeKhomishini YaseYurophu.

Kulula kakhulu ukuthobela, kumayelana nokulandela lokho okushiwo amalebula emvelo.

Kungani kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo ekumalebula emvelo?

Imihlahlandlela Yezobuchwepheshe yokulebula kwemvelo yeziqukathi zidwetshwe nguMnyango Wezabasebenzi Imvelo ukusiza izinkampani ukuthi zithobele izidingo zazo zokulebula zokupakisha. Isibopho siqala ngoJanuwari 1, 2023.

Ngokuqondile, kusukela ngo-2023:

Kuwo wonke amaphakheji, abakhiqizi kufanele babonise ikhodi ye-alphanumeric (okungukuthi, ngezinhlamvu nezinombolo) edingwa yiSinqumo 97/129/EC ukuze uthole okulungile. ukuhlonza kanye nezigaba zezitsha.
Imininingwane ukubasiza bangene iqoqo elikhethiwe kufanele futhi ibe khona kumaphakheji ahloselwe abathengi bokugcina.

Sezivele zilungile entwasahlobo edlule, imihlahlandlela ihanjiswe ukuze ihlolwe yiKhomishini YaseYurophu. Ngokusekelwe empendulweni etholiwe, imihlahlandlela manje iyanweba futhi iqinise ukusetshenziswa kokufakwa kwelebula kudijithali, osekufakiwe enguqulweni yokuqala. Lokhu kuyingxenye yomzamo obanzi wokwenza a inqubomgomo yezemvelo ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.

Ungalutholaphi ulwazi oluyisibopho kumalebula emvelo?

Eqinisweni, imihlahlandlela icacisa ukuthi ulwazi oluyisibopho lungase lutholakale:

ukuwanamathisela emaphaketheni ngokucacile nangokucacile, noma
ngamashaneli edijithali ozikhethele wona (isibonelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, amakhodi e-QR, amawebhusayithi), inqobo nje uma ukufinyelela olwazini kulula futhi kuqondile nokuthi ulwazi lufike ngesikhathi futhi kulula ukulutolika.

Imihlahlandlela yamukelwa njengesijobelelo somthetho ongunombolo. 360 yangomhla ka-Septhemba 28, 2022 futhi ingase ibuyekezwe ngezikhathi ezithile, kuye ngokungenelela okusha kwezomthetho nokuvela kobuchwepheshe.

Izinkomba azisebenzi emithini nasemikhiqizweni yezempilo lapho umthetho wemboni usuvele usungula izibopho ezithile, njengoba ungqongqoshe uye wacacisa empendulweni yakamuva yombuzo.

Imihlahlandlela yilena ziwusizo kubakhiqizi baqonde indlela yokulebula iziqukathi kusukela ngo-2023 kanye nohlobo lolwazi okufanele balukhulume, ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima kakhulu.

Kodwa imihlahlandlela ingase ibe nesithakazelo ukuze abathengi baqonde ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi abazoluthola maduze emaphaketheni nokuthi baluhumushe kanjani. Ukuze kube lula ukuqoqwa okukhethiwe. Ngisilahla kuphi isivalo esivela ebhodleleni lewayini elicwebezelayo? Futhi ikheji lensimbi? Bazothola impendulo ecacile kumalebula, uma akhiwe kahle. Bheka imidwebo emihlahlandlela ukuze uthole umbono.

amalebula emvelo, udoti ogcwele

Yiziphi izinkomba zokulebula okufanele kweziqukathi?

Kafushane, izinkomba eziqukethwe kuziqondiso zoMnyango Wezemvelo yilezi ezilandelayo.

Zonke iziqukathi kufanele zilebulwe ngendlela kanye nendlela inkampani ebona kufanele kakhulu futhi isebenza ngayo ukufeza inhloso.
Kuwo wonke amaphakheji (okuyinhloko, okwesibili kanye naphakeme) -kokubili lezo ezihloselwe umthengi wokugcina (B2C) kanye nalezo ezihloselwe amashaneli ezentengiselwano/zezimboni (B2B)- abakhiqizi kufanele babonise ikhodi yezinhlamvu nezinombolo edingwa yiSinqumo 97/129/EC , kulungile ukuhlonza kanye nokuhlukaniswa kweziqukathi.
Iphakheji ehloselwe umthengi kufanele futhi iqukathe ukusho okufanele ukuze ikusize eqoqweni elikhethiwe, licacise umndeni wezinto ezibonakalayo (ngokwesibonelo ukusho "Iqoqo lePlastiki. Elikhethiwe"). Lena yi- ulwazi lokulethwa okufanele kwephakheji ekupheleni kwempilo yalo. Ngokupakishwa okuhloselwe i-B2B, lolu lwazi olokuzithandela.
Eziqukathi zepulasitiki ezenziwe ngama-polymer noma inhlanganisela yazo enganikezwanga ngokucacile kwiSinqumo 97/129/EC, kungenziwa inkomba
- kuzinga le-UNI EN ISO 1043-1 lokuhlonza izinto zepulasitiki ezingamboziwe
- ezingeni le-UNI EN ISO 10667-1 lokuhlonza kanye nokubona amapholymer agaywe kabusha.
Uma ufisa ukuxhumana ngolwazi olwengeziwe lwemvelo yokuzithandela mayelana nezimfanelo zemvelo zokupakishwa (izitatimende, izimpawu/izithombe zezithombe noma eminye imilayezo efanayo, izimemezelo zemvelo), kufanele uthintane nezinga le-UNI EN ISO 14021.
Ngokumelwa okuyingcaca kwemibhalo nezimpawu emaphaketheni ahloselwe imakethe yase-Italy, siphakamisa ukusetshenziswa kwemibala ekhokhwe ngokwezinga le-UNI 11686 Ukulawulwa kukadoti - Izinto ezibonakalayo zemfucuza - Izinto ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo zeziqukathi zokuqoqwa kukadoti wasemadolobheni.

Umbala ngamunye ulungele into eyodwa.

Ngokombono wethu, lokhu kuyisici esithakazelisayo ikakhulukazi kulabo abahlela ukuqoqwa kwemfucuza ezindaweni zendawo.

Izinga le-UNI 11686 lichaza imibala yemfucuza ezintweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezakhi zokuhlonza ezibonakalayo zeziqukathi ngendlela evamile.

okuluhlaza okwephepha,
brown For Organic,
ophuzi okwepulasitiki,
i-turquoise yezinsimbi,
okuluhlaza okwengilazi,
grey kwabangahlukanisiwe.

ngale ndlela Kuyenzeka kube lula futhi kube lula ukuthi izakhamizi zibone iziqukathi zokulahla imfucuza, ngisho nalapho bekomasipala abangebona umasipala wabo ojwayelekile.

Amakhodi ombala ashiwo kuzinto ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngezinga le-UNI 11686.

Iquketheni imihlahlandlela yoMnyango Wezemvelo?

Umhlahlandlela inikeza izinhlelo zokwakha ilebula efanele ngezithombe ezichazayo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamacala ahlukene, okuyilawa:

ukupakishwa kwengxenye eyodwa yesiteshi sasekhaya (B2C),
ukupakishwa kwezingxenye eziningi zesiteshi sasekhaya (B2C),
ukupakishwa kwesekethe yezohwebo/yezimboni (B2B).

Kuhlelo ngalunye, imihlahlandlela ihlinzeka ngamaleveli angu-3 olwazi amalebula angaqukatha:

kuyadingeka: ukuhlangabezana nezinga
Kunconywe kakhulu: ukwenza ukuxhumana kuphumelele kakhudlwana (isibonelo, uhlobo lokupakisha)
Kunconyiwe: inothisa ngokuqukethwe okuwusizo kokuqoqwa kukadoti wekhwalithi ehlukene.

Okubaluleke kakhulu izinkomba ezihlinzekiwe zokuhlonza izinto zokupakisha ngendlela efanele ngokwekhodi yezinhlamvu nezinombolo (ulwazi oluyisibopho). Kulo mongo, kubalulekile ukuthi izinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha zicace futhi zifinyeleleke kubo bonke, okufana nalokho okukhuthazwayo ukusetshenziswa kwephepha namakhadibhodi.

Imihlahlandlela iqukethe ngempahla ngayinye kanye nama-polylaminates amakhodi azosetshenziswa ukuze kuhlonzwe impahla yokupakisha, ngesisekelo Sezithasiselo Zesinqumo 97/129/EC. Ulwazi luhambisana nolunye izibonelo zokulebula ezigcwele, equkethe kokubili ulwazi olubhekwa njengoluncane isishayamthetho, kanye nolwazi ozikhethela lona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imihlahlandlela iqukethe izinkomba kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

ukuncipha kwe izitoko zeziqukathi ezingathobeli izibopho ezintsha
Ukulebula amakesi akhethekile (njengalokhu: ukupakishwa okungathathi hlangothi ngokuvamile, ukugoqa kwangaphambili kanye nokupakishwa kwesisindo esiguquguqukayo ukuze kusatshalaliswe, usayizi omncane, izilimi eziningi, ukupakishwa kokungenisa)
Ukusetshenziswa kwamashaneli edijithali (isibonelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, amakhodi e-QR, amawebhusayithi) ukuze uthobele isibopho sokulebula sokupakisha.

I-Biodegradable futhi i-compostable

Isifundo esiyisibonelo esihlukile yileso sokupakishwa okubolayo nokuvundisayo okuhambisana ne-UNI EN 13432, ngakho-ke ziqoqwa ndawonye nemfucuza yemvelo. Kulolu hlobo lokupakisha olwenziwa ngama-polymers angaboli, okwamanje akukho khodi ethile. Kulezi zimo kuba Kunconywa kakhulu ukusebenzisa igama elithi Compostable Plastic, ukuze ungabaphambanisi neziqukathi zepulasitiki zendabuko kanye nokuphatha kwabo okulungile ekupheleni kokuphila kwabo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kuqokonyiswe eziqondisweni, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi into entsha 182-ter of Legislative Decree 152/2006 (umthetho wemvelo wokuphindaphinda) uhlinzeka ngokuthi lezi ziqukathi zilebulwe kahle futhi zithwala:

ireferensi yokuhambisana nezinga le-UNI EN 13432
izici zokuhlonza umkhiqizi kanye nesitifiketi
imiyalelo efanele ukuze abathengi badlulisele imfucuza leyo endaweni yokuqoqwa okukhethiwe kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo.

Ukupakishwa kwezingxenye eziningi: indlela yokubeka amalebula emvelo?

Ukupakishwa kwezingxenye eziningi ukupakisha okuqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa. Ngokukhethekile, isiqukathi esinezingxenye eziningi isistimu eyenziwe yisiqukathi esibizwa ngokuthi umzimba omkhulu (isibonelo, ibhodlela) nezinye iziqukathi, ezibizwa ngokuthi izingxenye (njengekepisi noma ilebula), engahlukaniswa ngesandla noma cha umzimba oyinhloko ofanayo.

Kucatshangwa ngokwehlukana ngesandla ingxenye engahlukaniswa ngokuphelele nendikimba eyinhloko ngumsebenzisi (ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi insalela engabalulekile yezinto ezingase zihlale zinamathiselwe ngemva kokwehlukana) kanye

akukho bungozi empilweni nasekuphepheni kwakho
ngokusebenzisa izandla kuphela
ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi engeziwe nezitsha.

Endabeni iziqukathi ezinomzimba oyinhloko nezinye izinsiza ezingakwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngesandla. Isibonelo, amalebula ananyathiselwe emabhodleleni, amakepisi angakhipheki kanye nokuvalwa, amafasitela, amalebula kufanele abe nekhodi yokuhlonza yezinto eziyinhloko zomzimba futhi (uma isitsha senzelwe umthengi) izinkomba zokuqoqa, ezilandela impahla eyinhloko yomzimba. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokusha amalebula ezemvelo 2023.

Endabeni iziqukathi ezinezingxenye ezihlukanisekayoEsikhundleni salokho, ukuhlonza nokuhlukaniswa ngokuhambisana nesinqumo 97/129/EC kufanele kuhlinzekwe kuzo zonke izingxenye ezihlukaniseke mathupha zesistimu yokupakisha.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi engxenyeni ngayinye ehlukaniseka ngesandla yesistimu yokupakisha, okungenani:

a) Ikhodi yokuhlonza yezinto zokupakisha ngokweSinqumo 97/129/EC

b) Ulwazi lokuqoqwa (esimeni sokupakishwa kwabathengi), uma lungakhonjiswa ephaketheni lesethulo sangaphandle.

Imihlahlandlela iphinde inikeze isiqondiso sendlela yokubhekana nezimo lapho kungenzeki khona ukukhombisa ulwazi oluyisibopho engxenyeni ngayinye ngayinye, isibonelo ngenxa yesikhala noma ezinye izithiyo ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe.

Sikholelwa ukuthi amalebula emvelo, uma efakwe kahle emaphaketheni ezingxenye eziningi, abaluleke kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ukulebula okulungile nokucacile kokupakishwa kwezingxenye eziningi kusiza izakhamuzi ziqonde ukuthi izingxenye kufanele zihlukaniswe nini nokuthi kufanele zilethwe kuphi. Ngakho-ke, kungu-a ithuluzi elibalulekile lokufundisa imvelo okwazi ukwandisa inani kanye nekhwalithi yokuqoqwa kwemfucuza ehlukene.