I-Las amanzi olwandle zimelela ukuhlukahluka okukhulu okuhlanganisa amaphesenti amakhulu eplanethi. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, uzothola konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana namanzi olwandle, izici zawo, ukubaluleka, ukunyakaza, indawo nokunye. Woza nathi futhi ungaphuthelwa lutho!
amanzi olwandle
I-Las amanzi olwandle Zinamandla angajwayelekile okuvala amaphesenti angama-70 obuso bomhlaba. Impela leli yiphesenti eliphezulu ngempela, okusho ukuthi umhlaba unendawo enkulu yamanzi, ehlanganisa ingxenye enkulu yendawo.
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kuye kwavela inqwaba yezinkolelo-mbono noma okucatshangwayo, okwakuthatha umsebenzi wokuphenya ukuthi bekuyini umsuka we amanzi olwandle. Enye yemibono ephumelela kakhulu ukuthi imvelaphi yala manzi ihlehlela emuva okungenani eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine.
Incazelo yakhe isekelwe emisebenzini yezintaba-mlilo nangaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elibi kakhulu elalikhona phakathi naleyo nkathi yonyaka okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla. Ngenxa yalezi zici ezimbili, i-hypothesis yokudalwa noma imvelaphi yamanzi olwandle iyavela. Kodwa kwenzeka kanjani lokhu? Iqiniso lakhelwe ngenxa yokuthi ngezikhathi zokuminyana okukhulu kwentaba-mlilo okuhambisana namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Izingqimba ezinkulu ze-polar zancibilika kancane kancane futhi ngokuqhubekayo, okwathi iqhwa laguqulwa laba amanzi aphuphuma futhi ahamba ngokulandelana abheke ezindaweni ezithile noma izindawo zomhlaba.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlukaniswa kwamazwekazi kuvela, okuyinto okwamanje, ehambisana neziqhingi ezihlukahlukene, izindlu ngaphakathi kwazo, inani elikhulu lezilwane. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukunakekela lezi zindawo sekuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwabaningi.
Njengoba njengamanje kunezenzo eziningi zokungcola ezikhona emanzini olwandle emhlabeni wonke, ezithintwe inani elikhulu lezinto eziyingozi emvelweni.
I-Las amanzi olwandle Zibalwa njengenye yezakhiwo zebhayoloji ezibaluleke kakhulu ebusweni bomhlaba, selokhu yasungulwa. Akhiwe amanzi amaningi, okusobala ukuthi anomthamo omkhulu. Kukhona izilwandle ezi-5 namuhla ezenza ukuphila emhlabeni, lezi ezilandelayo:
i-Pacific Ocean
Le ndawo enendawo engaba yizigidi eziyikhulu namashumi ayisishiyagalombili nesishiyagalombili namakhilomitha square.
- I-Atlantic Ocean
Enendawo ecishe ibe yizigidi ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nane amakhilomitha-skwele.
- I-Indian Ocean
Enendawo ecishe ibe yizigidi ezingamashumi ayisikhombisa nane amakhilomitha-skwele.
- I-Antarctic
Enendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele acishe abe yizigidi ezingamashumi amabili.
- I-Arctic Ocean
Enendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele ayizigidi eziyishumi nane.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sifuna ukukumema ukuthi ujabulele ulwazi nolwazi olunikezwe lapha, esithemba ukuthi luyoba ngokuthanda kwakho, ucabangela ukuthi lokhu kumelela isihloko esibaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozweni kwezindawo zethu.
Izici zamanzi olwandle
I-Las amanzi olwandle banezici ezizichaza ngokuphelele, lezi ngokuvamile zibaluleke ngempela, njengoba zizosivumela ukuba sazi ukusebenza kwezimfanelo zazo nezimo zemvelo, ezigcinwa kuzo. Phakathi kwezici ezivelele kakhulu, sithola:
imisinga yolwandle
Lezi ziwumthombo obalulekile obonakaliswa kuwo ukunyakaza kwe amanzi olwandle. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi inokunyakaza okuhlala njalo ngenxa yokucindezela kwemimoya ekhona ezindaweni zasolwandle noma izindawo.
Kukhona-ke ukuhlukahluka kwemisinga, okuthe ngenxa yezifundo, kunikezwe izinhlobonhlobo zeziqu ezisemthethweni, ezisho amagama ezizwe, isibonelo salokhu:
- I-East Australian Yamanje
- ICalifornia yamanje
Ngayinye yale misinga ikhula endaweni eseduze nolwandle, okubuye kube nomthelela omkhulu ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu okukhona ezifundeni ezisondelene kakhulu nazo.
- Amagagasi
Imele isici esivelele ngempela semisinga yasolwandle, amagagasi, angakholwa noma cha, abaluleke ngokuphelele, agcwalisa amanzi anwebeka abheke ogwini oluhlukene olunjengamabhishi ngokuphila. Lezi-ke nazo ziyathinteka ngenxa yokuguguleka okuhlala njalo okuvela, ngamagagasi afanayo, azama ukwenza indawo engaphezulu yogu.
- Amagagasi
Ucwaningo olunzulu luye lwembula ukuthi amagagasi ngokuvamile abangelwa amandla adonsela phansi akhishwa inyanga, bese kuba yilanga. Lezi zigcwalisa umsebenzi wokunquma, futhi ezigcina isigqi esithile okungenzeka ngaso ukukala ukukhuphuka nokuwa okukhona emanzini olwandle. Kamuva sizobe sikhuluma ngokubaluleka kwala manzi ezingeni elijwayelekile emhlabeni wethu ongumama.
Izakhi zamanzi olwandle.
Ngaphezu kwezici ezishiwo ngenhla zamanzi olwandle, kufanele sigqamise ukuthi yiziphi lezo zakhi eziwachaza ngokuqhubekayo ngokuqhubekayo, lezi zakhi zizosivumela ukuthi sithole ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nezinye izici eziwakhayo, lezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukudepha
Ukujula kwamanzi olwandle kuncike ohlotsheni lokukhululeka olunquma isifunda okukhulunywa ngaso, noma kunjalo, lungafinyelela cishe amamitha ayizinkulungwane ezintathu namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye.
- Amazinga okushisa
Endabeni yezindawo eziqukethe uhlobo lwamanzi afudumele, lezi zivame ukubekwa phakathi kuka-10 no-29°C, futhi kwezinye izimo zingaba phakathi kuka-5 no-1°C.
- Usawoti
Lokhu kumelela enye yezinto ezifundwa kakhulu emanzini olwandle ngokujwayelekile. Okwakhiwa izingxenye zamakhemikhali, njenge-sodium chloride, ehlanganisa okungenani amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye ezingxenye ezihlukene ezihlanjululwe ngokuphelele emanzini ashiwo.
Kodwa-ke, i-chloride ayisebenzi yodwa, ihambisana nezakhi ezilandelayo:
- Isibabule
- Calcio
- magnesium
- Potassium
Njengeqiniso eliphawulekayo, ukuminyana kwamanzi olwandle ahlukahlukene kunokuminyana okuphezulu kakhulu kunendawo enamanzi ahlanzekile. Ngakho-ke, kubhekwa ukuthi ingakwazi ukufeza ukuminyana okungaba ngamakhilogremu ayinkulungwane nge-cubic meter ngayinye. Ngenxa yale khwalithi, la manzi anempahla ethakazelisayo yokuvumela imizimba ehlukahlukene ukuba ihlale intanta phakathi kwala manzi anosawoti.
Ngokuqondene nombala wala manzi, uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuphelele, lokhu kubangelwa ukumuncwa okukhulu kwamanzi, ngenxa yombono ogcinwa ekukhanyeni okubomvu, le mibono iphuma kwamanye ama-molecule athola izinga elithile lelanga. lokho, ekugcineni, kukhombisa ukukhanya kolwandle.
Ukubaluleka kwamanzi olwandle
Ngokusobala i- amanzi olwandle zibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, njengoba imelela ingxenye enkulu yendawo emhlabeni wonke efeza umsebenzi obaluleke ngempela. Ngenxa yalokhu kufanele siphakamise ngentshiseko ukubaluleka kwamanzi olwandle.
Ngokujula nobukhulu bayo obukhulu, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi emanzini olwandle kunenani elikhulu lezilwane ezenza ukuphila olwandle, zingagcini nje ngokuhlobisa imvelo, kodwa futhi zifeza indlela yokwenza izinto eziphilayo. Inqubomgomo yezemvelo lokho kuhambisana nabo.
Ngamunye nomunye amanzi olwandle, asesimweni sokuthutha ivithamini edingekayo enanini lezilwane ezihlaliswe ngaphakathi. Lezi zakhi zomsoco zingaguqulelwa emithonjeni yezimila ezihlelekile. Lokhu, ngoba amanzi namuhla agcwele inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezilwane kanye Izilwane zasogwini.
Ukulawulwa kwamaplanethi kungenye yokubaluleka kwamanzi olwandle emhlabeni jikelele. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ziyakwazi ukulawula inani elidingekayo le-carbon dioxide bese wona-ke umoya-mpilo otholakala emkhathini womhlaba wethu. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, lezi nazo zinekhwalithi yokusekela inani elikhulu lezilwane ezikhona endaweni yazo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi emanzini olwandle azikho izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, njengoba zikhona kwezinye izinhlobo zolwandle.Nokho, kuhlala izilwane eziklanywe ngokukhethekile ukusekela lolu hlobo lwe-ecosystem ye-megadiverse. Singabala phakathi kwazo:
- Imikhomo
- Amapulangwe
- I-Jellyfish
- ingubo enemithende
Zingezinye zezilwane ezenza ukuphila emanzini olwandle, ezigcinwa kuhlelo olulungile nolusebenzayo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Njengoba behlala kulezi zindawo ngethemba elikhulu.
Nokho, miningi imiphumela noma imithelela amanzi olwandle angayenza emhlabeni wonke, njengoba imisinga yawo ingaba yizimo zemvelo ezimbi kakhulu, eziba nemiphumela engathi sína engathinta ngokuqondile isethi yonke yezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuba amanzi noma imisinga yasolwandle, izikhathi eziningi, labo ababhekele ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo zemvelo ezinkulu, ezifana:
- Iziphepho
- Amagagasi olwandle
- Iziphepho
Ngakho-ke, ukubaluleka kwalokhu, kuqukethe isisindo esikhulu, mayelana nemisebenzi ehlinzeka ngayo emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuba nesibopho ngenani elikhulu lemiphumela yemvelo esingayibona kalula.
Lezi ezinye zezici nokubaluleka kwamanzi olwandle. Sesiyazazi ezinye zezinto ezivelele zalesi sihloko esithakazelisayo. Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzoba usizo olukhulu ocwaningweni lwakho. Ngokucabangela ukuthi ulwazi luphelele ukuze ukwazi ukuthola ulwazi oludingekayo ngalesi sihloko esithakazelisayo.