Amaplanethi anamadwala angenye yezinhlobo ezimbili zamaplanethi ohlelweni lwethu lwelanga. Nakuba kunezindlela eziningi zokuhlukanisa amaplanethi, ukwakheka kwawo kuyisisekelo esiyinhloko sokuhlukaniswa kwawo: ama-gas giants namaplanethi anamadwala. Lesi sihloko sizochaza konke mayelana namaplanethi anamadwala ohlelweni lwethu lwelanga.
Ungase ufune ukufunda: IZIMALI ZAMAPLANETHI AMATHATHU AMAKHULU OKUGXIBELA NGEGESI ESIHLELWENI SELANGA
Amaplanethi amane anamatshe azungeza iLanga aziwa nangokuthi amaplanethi asemhlabeni noma amaplanethi e-telluric eSistimu Yelanga: iMercury, iVenus, uMhlaba, kanye neMars, ngokulandelana kokusondela kwawo eLangeni. Abizwa nangokuthi amaplanethi angaphakathi. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusekelwe ebangeni lawo ukusuka eLangeni. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okuningiliziwe, ungabheka izici zamaplanethi eSistimu Yelanga , ezihlanganisa amaplanethi anamatshe kanye namaplanethi anegesi.
Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuthi iSistimu Yelanga inomugqa ohlukanisayo: ibhande le-asteroid , elihlukanisa ama-giant gas kumaplanethi anamadwala. Leli bhande litholakala phakathi kweMars neJupiter. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini eyenza iplanethi ibe namadwala, futhi impendulo iwukuthi ngokuyinhloko yakhiwe ngama-silicates, isihloko ongafunda kabanzi ngaso esihlokweni esithi " Ayini amaplanethi ?"
Lawa okuthiwa ama-silicates yiqembu lamaminerali eliningi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi yiqembu lamaminerali elibaluleke kakhulu ngokwejiyoloji, njengoba liyi -petrogenic , okusho ukuthi yiwona amaminerali akha amatshe. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amaminerali namatshe awafani ncamashi.
Izici ezijwayelekile zamaplanethi anamatshe
Njengoba kushiwo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaplanethi ku-Solar System ngokusekelwe ekwakhekeni kwawo: ama-gas giants nama-rocky planets. Indlela eyinhloko yokuwahlukanisa ukuthi amaplanethi anamadwala ngokuvamile anobuso obuqinile, ngokungafani nama-gas giants, ikakhulukazi anobuso obuyigesi noma obuyiketshezi. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, ungavakashela isihloko sethu mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwamaplanethi , lapho sixoxa khona ngezimpawu zawo ngokuningiliziwe.
Iplanethi enamatshe kuphela enobuso obumanzi nguMhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amaplanethi anamatshe abelana ngesakhiwo esifanayo esingaphansi komhlaba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wonke anomgogodla wensimbi , owakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngensimbi. Futhi anezingqimba zama-silicates azungeze umgogodla, izici ezichazwe kwenye indawo ezihlokweni zethu.
Amaplanethi anamadwala anento efanayo kakhulu: ngalinye linobuso obuncane, obunamadwala , njengoboMhlaba, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuthiwa futhi linobuso bomhlaba. Uhlelo Lwelanga lunamaplanethi ayisishiyagalombili aqinisekisiwe, kodwa amane kuphela analezi zici. Ngokukhethekile, iVenus, uMhlaba, kanye neMars zinezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu, kuyilapho iMercury ingenawo nhlobo umoya nhlobo, ongawuqhathanisa nezici zeplanethi yoMhlaba.
Ungafunda futhi: IZINTO EZINCANE ZESIMI LESENHLABA: AMAPLANETHI AMANCANE NGAPHAMBI KUKA-2006
La maplanethi anezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuhlunga izinto. Yilokhu okubangela imikhiqizo efana ne-uranium, i-thorium, ne-potassium. Ane-nuclei engazinzile ehlukana ngemisebe. Yilezi zinto ezikhiqize ukushisa okwanele ukukhiqiza izintaba-mlilo kanye nezinqubo ezibalulekile ze-tectonic, okuxoxwa ngazo ezihlokweni zethu mayelana nokuhamba kwamaplanethi . Nakuba amanye esasebenza futhi esesulile izici zezindawo zawo zokuqala.
Amaplanethi amatshe ama-4 esistimu sonozungezilanga
Omunye: I-Mercury
I-Mercury inomjikelezo oseduze kakhulu neLanga. Futhi iyiplanethi encane kunazo zonke ohlelweni lwelanga, okwenza ibe yincane kunoMhlaba. Kodwa-ke, inkulu kunesathelayithi yethu, iNyanga. Uma sibheka uMhlaba, asikwazi ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuthi impilo ingaba njani ku-Mercury. Ososayensi basisize sibone ngeso lengqondo ukuthi umbono wethu ku-Mercury uzoba njani. Ungafunda kabanzi ngale planethi esihlokweni sethu mayelana namaplanethi ohlelo lwelanga.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyicabange ubuso obunamatshe bale planethi. Uma sima kulolo buso sibheke isibhakabhaka, konke bekuzohluka kulokho esikubonayo eMhlabeni. Okokuqala, iLanga lizobonakala likhulu ngokuphindwe kabili nesigamu ngenxa yokusondela kweplanethi enkanyezini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokumangalisayo, yize iLanga liseduze neMercury, isibhakabhaka besizohlala simnyama. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi iMercury ayinawo umoya wokusabalalisa ukukhanya, njengoba kwenzeka eMhlabeni.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi le planethi enamadwala ibizwa ngokuthi iMercury, igama elivela esikhathini lapho ukukhulekelwa konkulunkulu kwakuvamile. Leli gama livela kumuntu okwakuthiwa uyisithunywa sonkulunkulu, futhi isizathu salokhu ukuthi le planethi yayihamba ngokushesha kunamanye amaplanethi. Ijikeleza iLanga esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, iMercury ijikeleza kancane ku-axis yayo, kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-58. Yayijikeleza ngokushesha, kodwa ithonya leLanga liye layinciphisa.
Le planethi engaphakathi noma yasemhlabeni ayinazo izinyanga . Ngenxa yokuthi umjikelezo wayo ungaphakathi koMhlaba, udlula njalo phambi kweLanga, njengoba kunjalo nangeVenus. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukuthutha kwezinkanyezi. Le planethi inerediyasi yenkabazwe engamakhilomitha angu-2.440, uma kuqhathaniswa nerediyasi yenkabazwe yoMhlaba engamakhilomitha angu-6.378. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sayo sokuzungeza iLanga siyizinsuku ezingu-87,97, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsuku ezingu-365,256 ezithathwa uMhlaba ukuzungeza iLanga.
Okubili: Venus
Iplanethi yesibili ohlelweni lwethu lwelanga yiVenus . Iplanethi enamadwala, ifana kakhulu noMhlaba ngobukhulu, ubukhulu, ubuningi, kanye nomthamo. Lokhu kufana kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi womabili amaplanethi adalwe ngesikhathi esifanayo kusukela ku-nebula efanayo. Kodwa-ke, futhi anomehluko obalulekile. Ungathola imininingwane eyengeziwe ngamaplanethi esihlokweni sethu [ngesihloko], lapho siqhathanisa khona izici eziningana zazo.
Enye yezinto ezihlukanisa iVenus noMhlaba ukuthi eyokuqala ayinazo izilwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inomoya ominyene odala umphumela wokushisa , ophakamisa izinga lokushisa liye ku-480°C. Ngaphambilini, izazi zezinkanyezi zakuqala zazinombono ongalungile ngeVenus, zikholelwa ukuthi iyizidalwa ezimbili zasezulwini ezihlukene ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ibonakala ngaphambi nje kokuphuma kwelanga nangezinye izikhathi ngemva nje kokushona kwelanga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi iVenus ijikeleza kancane kakhulu ku-axis yayo. Lesi simo sisho ukuthi usuku kuVenus luhlala isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi ukujikeleza kwalo kuphambene nokwamanye amaplanethi, yingakho ilanga liphuma entshonalanga bese lishona empumalanga kuVenus, okuphambene nalokho okwenzeka eMhlabeni.
Uma kuqhathaniswa noMhlaba, iVenus inobubanzi be-equatorial obuyi-6.052 km , obufana kakhulu noMhlaba obuyi-6.378 km. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-224,7 ukuqeda umjikelezo wayo ozungeze iLanga, futhi njengoba kushiwo, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lobuso bayo lingu-482°C, kanti eloMhlaba lingu-15°C. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezingxenye zeVenus, ungabheka [ireferensi engekho].
Ezintathu: Umhlaba
Iplanethi yethu uMhlaba ingeyesithathu eduze kakhulu neLanga futhi iyona kuphela eyaziwa ukuthi ihlalwa ngabantu, ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe eNdaweni Ezungezile ehlolisisiwe. Indawo yayo ethile yindawo okuhlalwa kuyo, isifunda esizungeze iLanga esinezimo ezifanele zokuphila, ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwayo okuyingqayizivele kwezinto. Ungafunda kabanzi ngezindawo okuhlalwa kuzo, lapho kuchazwa khona izici ezivumela ukuphila.
Kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela ukuthi le planethi iyona enkulu kunazo zonke ezinamadwala. Lokhu kuyivumela ukuthi igcine ungqimba lwamagesi , umkhathi . Umkhathi, ngaphezu kokuhlunga imisebe yelanga nokuvimbela umphezulu ukuthi ushise kakhulu emini noma uphole ebusuku, yiwona ohlakaza ukukhanya futhi umunce ukushisa. Lokhu kuchazwe kabanzi ezihlokweni zethu mayelana nongqimba loMhlaba.
Kufanele futhi ufunde: I-GLIESE 876B, IPLANETHI ETHOLAKALE NGO-1998, INGABE YIPLANETI YESONTO LESISHIYAGALOMBILI
Esinye isici seplanethi yethu uMhlaba ukuthi izingxenye eziyisikhombisa kweziyishumi zobuso bayo zimbozwe ngamanzi . Eqinisweni, yizilwandle nezilwandle ezisiza futhi ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lemvelo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo wamanzi, lapho amanzi ehwamuka khona ukuze akhe amafu bese ewa njengemvula noma iqhwa, akhe imifula namachibi. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngemvelaphi yamanzi, ungabheka lesi sihloko , esichaza indlela amanzi akheka ngayo kule planethi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le planethi enamadwala nayo inezinsika ezingavamile, ezithola amandla amancane elanga, ezibangela amanzi ukuba aqine futhi akhe izingqimba zeqhwa ezisemaphethelweni e-polar . Ingqimba yeqhwa eSouth Pole inkulu futhi igcina amanzi ahlanzekile amaningi kakhulu.
Okwesine: Mars
Iplanethi yesine enamatshe nayo iyiplanethi yesine evela eLangeni ohlelweni lwethu lwelanga. Le planethi yaziwa nangokuthi iPlanethi Ebomvu ngenxa yemibala yayo ebomvu. AmaRoma afanisa umbala wayo negazi ngakho-ke ayiqamba ngegama likankulunkulu, kulokhu, unkulunkulu wempi. Umkhathi weplanethi mncane kakhulu futhi wakhiwe ikakhulukazi yi-carbon dioxide, eqandisa ngokushintshana kuzo zonke izinsika zayo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngamaplanethi ohlelweni lwethu lwelanga, vakashela [ikheli lewebhusayithi elingekho].
I-Mars iyiplanethi enamatshe enamanzi, kodwa ku-0,03% kuphela, okungaphansi ngokuphindwe kayinkulungwane kunenani elikhona eMhlabeni. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi i-Mars yake yaba nomoya ominyene, onamafu kanye nemvula eyakha imifula. Lesi siphetho sithathwe ebusweni, lapho kungabonakala khona imisele, iziqhingi, kanye nogu lolwandle, okuhambisana nalokho esixoxe ngakho ngamaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nesimiso sonozungezilanga.
I-Mars inezinguquko ezinkulu zokushisa, okubangela imimoya enamandla kakhulu . Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kunegalelo ekwakhekeni kothuli neziphepho zesihlabathi eziwohloza kakhulu ubuso beplanethi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene komkhathi, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ukuphila ku-Mars. Kodwa-ke, okubonwe akuzange kukwazi ukufakazela ukuthi ikhona yini okwamanje, yize kungenzeka ukuthi yayikhona esikhathini esidlule.
Kuze kube manje, uMhlaba ubonakala uyiplanethi enezinto ezidingekayo zokwakha impilo. Nakuba kulinganiselwa ukuthi impilo ingaba khona kuMars, akuwona amaplanethi anamatshe kuphela anikeza lokhu; kumelwe silinde ukubona ukuthi ikhona yini phakathi kwezidalwa ezinkulu zegesi noma kunoma yiziphi izinyanga zazo. Okwamanje, isalokhu iyimfihlakalo enkulu kunazo zonke zeNdalo Yonke.
