I-Universe yonke inamaplanethi amaningi. Amaplanethi elanga yilawo esiwaziyo, futhi amaplanethi angaphandle kwelanga yilawo angaphansi komjikelezo wenkanyezi okungelona iLanga kodwa enye. Kodwa-ke, ezicini ezijwayelekile, ngayinye inokwakheka okuhlukile. Kulo mcimbi, i-Journey to the Cosmos yiyona ebiphethe ukuchaza ukuthi yini ehlobene ne amaplanethi anegesi yesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga ngokuqondile.
Ngaphambi kokufakwa ohlwini lezo ezihlolwe ngumuntu, ngokusebenzisa i izindlela ezidaliwe okufanayo, kuyadingeka ukuchaza kabanzi ukuthi ayini amaPlanethi Egesi. Lawa maplanethi alula futhi ku-Solar System, ikakhulukazi, makhulu futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu abizwa nangokuthi ama-gas giants futhi ngokuyisisekelo atholakala engxenyeni engaphandle ye-Solar System.
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Zakhiwe ngokuyinhloko i-helium ne-hydrogen futhi lokhu kubangelwa ukubonakaliswa kokubunjwa kwe-nebula ye-solar primordial. Okugqama kakhulu ukuthi, ngokwalokho okuye kwabonwa ocwaningweni, la maplanethi anomsebenzi obalulekile wesimo sezulu kanye nezinqubo zamandla adonsela phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banesisindo esikhulu segesi ku-convection yaphakade, naphezu komgogodla wabo omncane.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne Iphasi Plan, I-Gas Planets mikhulu kakhulu. I-Solar System yethu ine-Jupiter, i-Saturn, i-Uranus ne-Neptune, ebizwa nangokuthi amaplanethi e-Jovian uma kukhulunywa ngeplanethi i-Jupiter, njengoba isimo sayo segesi sifana ne-Jupiter. Iqiniso elithakazelisayo liwukuthi nakuba amanye awo enesikhungo esiqinile, amaplanethi e-Jovian athathwa njengemidondoshiya yegesi.
Amaplanethi angu-3 amakhulu kunawo wonke esimiso sonozungezilanga
Omunye: Jupiter
Akukhona nje kuphela phakathi kwamaPlanethi Egesi okuyiwona omkhulu kunawo wonke, kodwa likhulu kunawo wonke kulo lonke Uhlelo Lwelanga. Eqinisweni, i- iplanethi iJupiter cishe izikhathi ezimbili nengxenye kunendaba yawo wonke amanye amaplanethi ehlangene futhi umthamo wawo wonke uphindwe izikhathi eziyinkulungwane kunomthamo weplanethi enguMhlaba. Kunjalo nje! Singaba yizinhlayiyana ezincane eceleni kwabo, ezihluke ngokuphelele kulokho abakubonisa kumabonakude lapho othile evakashela enye yala maplanethi ngendlela eqanjiwe.
Ngokusobala amaplanethi ngaphezulu kude nelanga, ngokuvamile akhiwe ngegesi. Nokho, akunakushiwo ukuthi kuye ngokuthi ibanga labo, ubukhulu bawo bunganqunywa. Eqinisweni, kumaplanethi abizwa ngokuthi angaphandle noma anegesi, i-Jupiter iyona eseduze kakhulu neLanga.
Njengeqiniso elinelukuluku, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi le planethi inokwakheka okufanayo neLanga, elakhiwe yi i-helium, i-hydrogen kanye namanani amancane i-methane, umhwamuko wamanzi, i-ammonia nezinye izinhlanganisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eyakhe ukwakheka kuyefana kuleyo kaSaturn, esinye isiqhwaga segesi.
Iplanethi i-Jupiter, enkulu kunazo zonke kumaplanethi egesi, inesimiso sendandatho esicashile kangangokuthi asibonakali lapho sibhekwa eMhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inamasathelayithi amaningi. Ikakhulukazi amasathelayithi ayo amane ayekhona itholwe nguGalileo ngonyaka ka-1610. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakuqala ngqá ukuba othile abone isibhakabhaka ngesibona-kude.
Amaqiniso ayisisekelo e-Jupiter
Le planethi uma iqhathaniswa neplanethi yethu enguMhlaba, ine- i-equatorial radius amakhilomitha angama-71.492, kanti uMhlaba unawo amakhilomitha ayi-6.378. Ngaphezu kwebanga eliphakathi neLanga elilinganiselwa ku-778.330.000Km kanti uMhlaba unalo elingu-149.600.000Km. Isikhathi sethu sokuzungeza iLanga sithatha unyaka owodwa ncamashi, kanti iJupiter ukuqeda ukuzungeza iLanga kuthatha iminyaka engu-11,86.
Le planethi enegesi futhi inezinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo elingu -120º C, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi uMhlaba unalo ku-15º C. Umkhathi weJupiter kuyinkimbinkimbi impela, ngenxa yobuningi bamafu neziphepho. Ngalesi sizathu ikhombisa imithende yemibala eyahlukene namabala athile. Eyodwa ngokukhethekile eye yadonsa ukunaka kwezazi zezinkanyezi nezazi ezihlukahlukene.
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indawo enkulu ebomvu
Okuthile okuphawula iplanethi i-Jupiter ukuthi ine- IGreat Red Spot, okuthi ngokwezifundo isiphepho esikhulu kunobubanzi boMhlaba futhi sitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo eziseningizimu nenkabazwe. Lesi siphepho sibanga imimoya engu-500 km/h kuleyo planethi enegesi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindandatho zeJupiter zilula kuneSaturn.
Amasongo anjalo akhiwa izinhlayiya zothuli ezaphonswa emkhathini lapho ama-meteorite engqubuzana izinyanga zangaphakathi kweJupiter. Nokho, zombili izindandatho nezinyanga ze-Jupiter zihamba phakathi kwendilinga enkulu yemisebe evaleleke kuyi-magnetosphere, okuyindawo kazibuthe yale planethi.
Lo mkhakha kazibuthe omkhulu ufinyelela kuphela phakathi kwamakhilomitha ayizigidi ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7 lapho ubheke khona iLanga, nokho ukhonjiswa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-750 km., uze ufinyelele endaweni I-orbit ye-Saturn.
Okwesibili: ISaturn
Le planethi yaziwa nangokuthi iplanethi yesibili ngobukhulu eSolar System yethu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iSaturn ukuphela kweplanethi enayo izindandatho ezibonakalayo eMhlabeni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngaphambili kwakucatshangwa ukuthi iyona kuphela iplanethi enezindandatho. Ukuma kwayo okuqondile kubonakala ngokucacile njengeplanethi eyisicaba ezigxotsheni ngenxa yokujikeleza ngokushesha.
ISaturn ine-a umoya owenziwe nge-hydrogen, ene-helium encane ne-methane. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, iyona kuphela iplanethi enomthamo ophansi kunamanzi. Uma sithola ulwandle olukhulu ngokwanele, iSaturn ingantanta. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iplanethi inombala ophuzi. Nokho, amafu alo anamabhande eminye imibala, njengeJupiter, nakuba engaphawulwanga kangako. Eduze nenkabazwe yeSaturn, umoya uvunguza ngesivinini esingama-500 km/h.
Ukubukeka kweSaturn kuyathandeka kakhulu ngenxa yamasongo ayo, njengoba amabili awo agqamile, A no-B, kanti eyodwa ithambile, C. Kukhona ukuvuleka phakathi kwawo. Okukhulu kunawo wonke yiCassini Division. Uma kuqhathaniswa neplanethi enguMhlaba, iSaturn ine-equatorial radius engu-60.268 km, kanti eyoMhlaba ingu-6.378 km. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ISaturn izungeza iLanga eminyakeni engama-29,46, kuyilapho uMhlaba ukwenza esikhathini esingangonyaka ongu-1.
Ezintathu: Uranus
Ngokuqondene nendawo, i- Iplanethi ye-Uranus Yiplanethi yesikhombisa ukusuka eLangeni. Kodwa-ke, futhi ingeyesithathu ngobukhulu futhi ingeyesine ngobukhulu eSolar System. Le planethi futhi yaba ngeyokuqala ukutholwa kusetshenziswa isibonakude, ngo-1781. Le planethi inomoya ohlanganisa i-methane, i-hydrogen, namanye ama-hydrocarbon. Kodwa-ke, yi-methane edonsa ukukhanya okubomvu futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu amathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka naluhlaza ayabonakala.
Iplanethi i-Uranus, ngaphezu kwalokho, itshekile ngendlela yokuthi inkabazwe yenza cishe i-engeli elungile, ama-degree angama-98 ukuba abe ncamashi, indlela ye-orbit. Lesi sikhundla yiso esichaza ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye eshisa kakhulu, ebheke eLangeni, ingenye yezigxobo.
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Uma kuqhathaniswa neplanethi enguMhlaba, i-Uranus inobubanzi obuyi-25.559 km, kanti uMhlaba unobubanzi obuyi-6.378 km. Ngokolunye uhlangothi, I-Uranus izungeza iLanga esikhathini esiyiminyaka engama-84,01, kuyilapho uMhlaba ukwenza esikhathini esingangonyaka owodwa. Izinga lokushisa layo lingu-1 º C ezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, elihluke kakhulu kuneleplanethi yethu, engu-210 º C.
Amaplanethi Egesi amathathu okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla ayamangalisa futhi kufanele ukwazi ngawo. izinga lesayensi kanye nezifundiswa. Nokho, ayikho ehlaba umxhwele njengeplanethi enguMhlaba, njengoba kuze kube manje iyona yodwa eyaziwa ukuthi iqukethe izinto eziphilayo. Nakuba sisalinde enye indikimba yasemkhathini ukuthi inikeze ubufakazi bezinhlayiyana eziphilayo.
