iGibhithe izwe loFaro, imibhoshongo, amathuna namathempeli, namuhla sizokhuluma ngamathempeli abaluleke kakhulu eGibhithe. Sizokwazi ukuthi bangaki nokuthi bayini nokuthi bazinikele kubani.
Sizobavakashela, sibachazele okungatheni esingakuthola lapho sibavakashele.
Amathempeli abaluleke kakhulu eGibhithe
Uma sikhuluma ngamathempeli abaluleke kakhulu eGibhithe sifuna ukubhekisisa leli zwe likaFaro, abashiya uphawu lwezizukulwane. Izakhiwo ezinkulu, ezihlotshiswe kakhulu, ngezithombe eziqoshiwe zonkulunkulu noFaro, ezinemibhalo eqoshiwe lapho bebelokhu belandisa khona umlando wabo. Ukuze uqonde kangcono lawa mathempeli, kubalulekile ukwazi mayelana inhlangano yezenhlalakahle eGibhithe.
Yazi amathempeli angu-7 abaluleke kakhulu
Abu Simbel
Itholakala kumakhilomitha angama-280 ukusuka e-Aswan, u-Abu Simbel ungenye yezindawo eziyizifanekiselo zaseGibhithe. Kwakunjalo yatholakala kancane ngo-1813 ngumhloli wamazwe waseSwitzerland uBurkhard, i-feat yaqhubeka yi-Italian Giovanni Battista Belzoni eminyakeni emine kamuva. Kusukela lapho ungabona ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaRamses II phakathi kuka-1279 no-1213 BC. c. Ukufunda umlando wala mathempeli kubalulekile ukuze uqonde ubuciko nezakhiwo zangaleso sikhathi, futhi kuyajabulisa ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana ukwakhiwa kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe.
Ithempeli likaRamses II
U-Abu Simbel uyinkimbinkimbi eyakhiwe ngamabhilidi amaningana phakathi kwawo kugqamisa iThempeli likaRamses II, ne-façade yayo edumile enezithombe ezinkulu, amamitha angu-20 ukuphakama, iqoshwe edwaleni. Lesi sithombe singesinye sezimpawu zaseGibhithe.
Nokho, ithempeli akulona nje i-facade, amakamelo angaphakathi ahlotshiswe ngamafresco igcinwe kahle kakhulu futhi igadwe ngocingo ngezithombe eziqoshiwe ezinkulu kakhulu.
Ithempeli lalimiswe ngendlela yokuthi Kabili ngonyaka, ngo-February 21 no-October 21, ilanga lidlula ethempelini ngovivi futhi likhanyisela lezi zithombe. konkulunkulu bangaphakathi. Isenzo esenziwe ngumuntu osizakala ngalokho okunikezwa yimvelo futhi anikeze umphumela obonakala unomlingo futhi ungaqondakali.
Ithempeli laseNefertari
Eduze kweThempeli likaRamses II sithola Ithempeli laseNefertari, elaziwa nangokuthi iThempeli likaHathor. UFaro wenza leli thempeli lakhelwa ukuhlonipha umkakhe, iNdlovukazi uNefertari. Kungesinye sezibonelo ezimbalwa zamathempeli amakhulu anikezelwe kowesifazane waseGibhithe lasendulo. Ngaphakathi kukhona amakholomu anamakhanda kankulunkulukazi uHathor (yingakho laziwa ngalelo gama). Ingaphandle, elikhulu kodwa elihlaba umxhwele kakhulu kunelikaRamses II, kukhona nezithombe eziqoshiwe ezimelela oFaro abagqoke imiqhele ehlukene noma izimfanelo zonkulunkulu.
Womabili amathempeli ayingxenye ye imivubukulo eyisithupha yamadwala eyayizokwenziwa phakathi nokubusa kukaRamses II.
Ithempeli laseLuxor
Itholakala edolobheni laseLuxor, elinikeza igama layo, iyithempeli elakhiwa phakathi kuka-1400 no-1000 BC Lakhiwa ngezikhathi ezimbalwa futhi ngoFaro abaningana: Amenhotep III kanye noRamses II ekudumiseni unkulunkulu u-Amun. Ithempeli lonke lingamamitha angu-260 ubude.
Ithempeli laseLuxor kanye neThempeli laseKarnak ekuqaleni lalixhunywe umzila ongaphezu kwamakhilomitha amathathu. isikhathi eside sizungezwe ama-sphinxes angaphezu kuka-600 esewonke. Namuhla ungabona ukuqala kwale ndlela eminyango yawo womabili amathempeli, exhuma ngqo nefa elicebile lezakhiwo nezamasiko laseGibhithe, elingabuye lihlolwe isigodi samaKhosi.
Namuhla, ukukhanya okunikeziwe kuyenza indawo imilingo uma kuhwalala.
Ithempeli laseKarnak
Elinye lamathempeli abaluleke kakhulu futhi amakhulu kusuka eGibhithe, exhumene neLuxor nge-avenue yama-sphinxes. Itholakala osebeni loMfula iNayile futhi oFaro abahlukene baye bandisa futhi bahlobisa ngaphansi kokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulu u-Amun.
Elinye lamakamelo anesici kakhulu laleli thempeli ihholo le-hypostyle, eligcwele amakholomu amakhulu ehlotshiswe nge-hieroglyphics kanye ne-polychrome eqoshiwe egcinwe endaweni ethile. Inenani lamakholomu angu-134, ngalinye lingamamitha angu-23 ukuphakama.
IKom Ombo Temple
Enyakatho ye-Aswan, kunethempeli elithakazelisa kakhulu, i-Kom Ombo, ezinikezelwe konkulunkulu uSobek noHaroeris. USobek ungunkulunkulu wamanzi, umdali woMfula iNayile futhi uvame ukumelwa ngomzimba womuntu kanye nenhloko yengwenya. UHaroeris nguHorus Omdala.
Uma ufika ethempelini ungabona iminyango emibili ezimele ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi lokho kungenxa yokuthi amathempeli amabili ahlukene ngokwengxenye futhi ahlangene ngokwengxenye. Ingxenye eseningizimu iyithempeli likaSobek kanti ingxenye esenyakatho yiHaroeris futhi ngayinye inamagceke ayo, ama-chapel kanye nezindawo ezingcwele ezihambisanayo ngakolunye uhlangothi. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezikhala zombili amathempeli abelana ngazo.
Ezithombeni nasezinhlelweni zamathempeli singathola uSobek, Haroeris kanye izinsimbi quirúrgicos odongeni olungemuva lwamathempeli futhi lokho kusikhumbuza amathuluzi amanje. Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana izimpawu zaseGibhithe engatholakala kulelithempeli.
Ithempeli likaHatshepsut
Leli thempeli eliseGibhithe lingelinye eduze kwesigodi samaKhosi futhi inikezelwe kowesifazane oyedwa owabusa eGibhithe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
Okuthakazelisayo ngaleli thempeli ukuthi Isakhiwo sayo sihluke kakhulu kwezinye. Ukufinyelela kungemirempu exhumanisa amathala amathathu, amanye awo amafacade akhelwe esakhiweni kuyilapho amanye ambiwa edwaleni ngokwalo.
Ngeshwa, izithombe eziningi zikaFaro zabhujiswa yindodana yakhe uThutmose III, kodwa ezinye zazo zisagcinwa, kanye imidwebo enemibala emele uFaro no-Amun-Ra.
Ithempeli likaPhilae
Leli thempeli lali wacwiliswa ngaphansi kwamanzi eDamu lase-Aswan futhi wanyakazisa itshe ngetshe esiqhingini esiseduze. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ngenxa yokusekelwa yi-UNESCO.
Ithempeli anikezelwe kunkulunkulukazi u-Isis, unkulunkulukazi wothando, umlingo nokuba ngumama. Inganekwane ithi lapho iNkosi u-Osiris ibulawa umfowabo, umkakhe u-Isis waqoqa zonke izingcezu zika-Osiris futhi waphephela kuzo esiqhingini sasePhilae ukuze abuyisele isidumbu sakhe ndawonye.
Ngaphezu kwethempeli lika-Isis ungabona amanye amathempeli esiqhingini anjengeHathor, iSango likaTrajan noma ama-pylons. Njengeqiniso elimangalisayo, ukuze ufike kulawa mathempeli kufanele uhambe ngesikebhe.
Edfu temple
Uma uya eGibhithe, ithempeli lase-Edfu lingelinye elibalulekile ongalibona. Inikezelwe kunkulunkulu we-falcon uHorus futhi ingenye yezigcinwe kakhulu, njengoba lalimbozwe isikhathi eside yisihlabathi sasogwadule.
Yakhiwa phakathi iminyaka yama-237 no-57 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu. C. ngaphansi komyalo kaPtolemy III. Kuyithempeli elinezici zamathempeli aseGibhithe, ahlanganisa i-parium, amahholo e-hypostyle, i-pylon, igumbi lokunikela, ihholo eliphakathi nendawo, nendawo engcwele. ENdaweni Engcwele ungabona umfanekiso wesikebhe somkhosi, esangempela manje esikuMnyuziyamu waseLouvre.
Imininingwane eminingi yokwakhiwa kwalo yaziwa ngaleli thempeli ngoba emifanekisweni eminingi eqoshiwe Azisitsheli nje kuphela ukwakhiwa kwethempeli kodwa nezici ezibalulekile zokuphila eGibhithe lasendulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungangena ujule umnotho waseGibhithe lasendulo ukuqonda umongo walezi zakhiwo.
