I-Gorongosa National Park: umthombo wezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezifundo zesayensi

  • I-Gorongosa National Park e-Mozambique iyindawo yokulondoloza imvelo eno-4000 km² wezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo.
  • Ngemva kwempi yombango, kwenziwa imizamo emikhulu yokubuyisela izitshalo nezilwane zaleli paki.
  • I-Gorongosa iyisikhungo socwaningo lwesayensi, esicwaninga ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nokongiwa kwezilwane.
  • Ipaki inikeza izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlangenwe nakho kwezivakashi, kusukela ku-4x4 safaris ukuya ohambweni lwezikebhe kanye nokuvakasha emiphakathini yendawo.
Noemi Fernandez

Imizuzu ye-7

I-Gorongosa National Park, isiqiwu esikhulu semvelo eMozambique

I-Gorongosa National Park iyindawo yemvelo evikelekile etholakala eMozambique (Afrika) futhi iyindawo yokulondoloza izilwane zasendle enendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angu-4000. Leli paki liyikhaya lezinto eziphilayo eziningi ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ihlathi elomile, ama-savanna, amaxhaphozi kanye nehlathi elingasogwini, okuyisibonelo semvelo. ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwemvelo. Lezi zindawo zemvelo ziyikhaya lezilwane eziningi, ezinye zazo ezisengozini.

Phakathi neminyaka edlule, kuye kwenziwa imizamo yokuvikela nokubuyisela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zendawo, futhi namuhla, leli paki liyindawo ethandwayo yabahambi abafuna okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-safari abangasoze bakukhohlwa. Kulesi sihloko sikumema ohambweni olukhethekile: the I-Gorongosa National Park, umthombo wezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezifundo zesayensi.

historia

Impi yombango yaseMozambique ibhubhisa amadolobhana kanye neGorongosa National Park

I-Gorongosa National Park ibe nezinguquko eziningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngeminyaka yawo-1960 kanye nawo-1970, iGorongosa yayingenye yezindawo ezihamba phambili eziheha izivakashi e-Afrika. Nokho, izingxabano zezombangazwe kanye nempi yombango eMozambique (1977-1992) kuholele ekucekeleni phansi kwesiqiwu, ekhungathekile futhi ebona izilwane nezitshalo zayo kuncipha. Ngokunjalo, ingqalasizinda yacekelwa phansi kakhulu futhi umphumela wakho konke lokhu konakala kwaholela emiphumeleni engenakugwenywa: ukuncipha kwenani labavakashi epaki.

Kodwa ngenhlanhla lokhu akuzange kuhlale kunjalo ngeminyaka yawo-1990 imisebenzi yokubuyisela yaqalwa kusuka epaki okwavumela ukuvuselela ubunikazi bayo bemvelo. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho lesi siqiwi senziwe saba semthethweni kwase kwakhiwa neGorongosa National Park, inhloso yayo enkulu kwakuwukwakha kabusha le ndawo kuwo wonke amazinga, kuvuselelwe ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo yayo kanye nokukhuthaza intuthuko yayo esimeme.

Bekungewona umsebenzi olula futhi sekusho ukuthi iminyaka lapho izinhlobo zezilwane ziye zethulwa ngokuqhubekayo ukuze zigcwalise izindawo ezahlukene. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezomnotho okuhilele ukubuyiselwa kwemvelo kuye kwaba okubaluleke kakhulu njengoba kudingekile, futhi ngaphandle kokungabaza, kuye kwakufanelekela. Okusekude kakhulu nalo msebenzi kuyinselele yokuvuselela izilwane ezazisengozini yokushabalala, lapho, ngokwesibonelo, kuye kwethulwa inyathi noma indlovu yase-Afrika.

I-Biodiversidad

Uma kukhona okuphawula leli paki elihlaba umxhwele, kuyikho izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezingavamile. Kuyikhaya lezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nezitshalo, ezisatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezahlukene ngaphakathi kwepaki, okuhlanganisa nama-savannah, amahlathi, imifula namaxhaphozi. Lapha sibala ezinye zezinhlobo zezimpawu ezikhona e-Gorongosa:

  • Izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu: Lesi siqiwu siyikhaya lezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa izindlovu zase-Afrika, izinyathi zase-Afrika, amabhubesi, izingwe, izimvubu, obhejane abamnyama, izinyamazane ezifana ne-impala, kudu kanye ne-eland, kanye nezilwane ezinkulu ezidla utshani njengamadube nezindlulamithi.
  • Izilwane ezidla ezinye: Ngaphezu kwamabhubesi nezingwe, iGorongosa iyikhaya lezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye, ezihlanganisa izimpisi, izimpungushe, izinja zasendle (izinja zasendle zase-Afrika), nezingulule (nakuba zingamanani ambalwa).
  • Izinyoni: Leli paki liyipharadesi labathandi bezinyoni, linezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-500 ezibhalisiwe. Phakathi kwezinyoni ezikhona eGorongosa kubalwa i-osprey, i-martial eagle, ukhozi oluthweswe umqhele, inqe lase-Afrika, i-carmine bee-eater, i-trumpeter hornbill, phakathi kwezinye.
  • Izilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nezilwane ezihlala emanzini: Ukuhlukahluka kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nezilwane ezihlala emanzini e-Gorongosa nakho kuyamangaza. Izinhlobo ezinjengezingwenya, izinyoka ezifana ne-reticulated python kanye ne-green mamba, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zamaxoxo namaxoxo.
  • Flora: IGorongosa iyikhaya lezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo, okuhlanganisa izihlahla, izihlahlana, izindawo ezinotshani, nezitshalo zasemanzini. Izinhlobo eziphawulekayo zihlanganisa i-African baobab, i-acacia, isundu sase-Afrika, i-mopane, ne-jacaranda.

Ukuhlukahluka kwe-biological ye-Gorongosa kuwumphumela wendawo yayo enengqondo, ukuhlukahluka kwendawo yayo, kanye nemizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo eye yenziwa epaki elishiwo ngenhla. Ngokungangabazeki, umphumela uye waba muhle futhi ukhanga amakhulu ezivakashi emhlabeni wonke.

I-Gorongosa National Park: umthombo wezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezifundo zesayensi

Ososayensi benza izifundo zokongiwa kwemvelo eGorongosa

Ukuqiniswa kwesayensi okuvuswe yile ndawo enkulu yokulondoloza imvelo kusalokhu kukude kakhulu. Ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kwayo okumangalisayo kuyenza ibe indawo eyingqayizivele yophenyo lwesayensi oluningi, okuholele ekutheni iGorongosa National Park ibe yindawo ebalulekile. isikhungo socwaningo lwesayensi nokongiwa kwemvelo, ekhangwe izazi zezinto eziphilayo, izazi zemvelo kanye nabanye ochwepheshe abavela emhlabeni wonke.

I-Gorongosa National Park njengamanje iyikhaya locwaningo lwesayensi oluhlukahlukene oluqhubekayo. Kunamaphrojekthi amaningi ocwaningo athuthukiswa lapho:

  • I-Los izifundo zezinto eziphilayo baphenya ngezitshalo nezilwane zalesi siqiwu, babhale ngezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokusebenzisana kwazo esimisweni semvelo.
  • I-Las ucwaningo lokongiwa kwemvelo zigxile ekuvikelweni nasekubuyiselweni kwezindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekile, kanye nokuphathwa ngendlela eqhubekayo kwemithombo yemvelo.
  • I-Los izifundo zokuziphatha kwezilwane bahlaziya ukusebenzelana komphakathi, amaphethini okufuduka kanye nemikhuba yokudla yezinhlobo zezimpawu ezifana nezindlovu namabhubesi.
  • Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziyenziwa ucwaningo ngomthelela wokuguquka kwesimo sezulu epaki, ihlaziya izimpendulo ze-ecosystem kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinguquko zemvelo.

Ukulondolozwa

Owesifazane wase-Afrika uphethe isibonakude lapho evakashele e-Gorongosa

IGorongosa National Park ihamba phambili ezinhlelweni zokongiwa kwemvelo e-Afrika. Ukusimama ngesinye sezibopho ezinkulu zohlelo lokongiwa kwalesi siqiwu, yingakho kuye kwenziwa imizamo emikhulu yokubandakanya imiphakathi yendawo emfundweni kanye nokuvikela imvelo ehlukahlukene.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sekusungulwe uhlelo locwaningo lwesikhathi eside kuleli paki, okuhloswe ngalo ukuqonda imvelo yendawo kanye nezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ulwazi olutholiwe lusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwepaki nokuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuqhubekayo kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo yendawo.

Ukuvakasha kwezivakashi

ukuvakasha kokubuka indawo ku-4x4 epaki i-Gorongosa

I-Gorongosa National Park inikeza izivakashi izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokuhlangenwe nakho ezingakujabulela. Kulabo abafuna i-safari abangasoze bayikhohlwa, ipaki iyindawo ekahle yokuhlola izilwane nezitshalo zendawo nge-jeep noma ekuhambeni okuqondisiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli paki linikeza ithuba lokuhamba ngebhayisikili noma ukuhamba ngesikebhe emifuleni yaleli paki. Ungakwazi futhi ukuvakashela imiphakathi yendawo futhi ufunde ngempilo yansuku zonke e-Mozambique.

Uma ucabanga ukuya e-Gorongosa kunezinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi:

  • Ukufinyelela epaki kunqunyelwe futhi kuvunyelwe kuphela ezimotweni ezingu-4×4. Ukuze umuntu afike epaki, kumelwe athathe indiza esuka eMaputo eya eChimoio, abese ethatha ibhayisikili, imoto, noma indiza encane aye esangweni lepaki.
  • Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo, Isikhathi esihle sokuvakashela i-Gorongosa siphakathi kwezinyanga zikaMeyi no-Okthoba.

Igugu lemvelo okufanele ulibone

I-Gorongosa National Park iyigugu lemvelo lase-Afrika, elinezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo kanye nenani elikhulu lezilwane. Ngenxa yemizamo yokulondoloza nokubuyisela leli paki phakathi neminyaka edlule, izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zakule ndawo ziye zalondolozwa futhi ziye zakwazi ukusimama. Kulabo abathanda izilwane zasendle zase-Afrika kanye ne-ecotourism, i-Gorongosa iyindawo okufanele ivakashelwe.

Futhi kososayensi abanenhlanhla enkulu amaphrojekthi abo avunyiwe kule ndawo, bazobona ukukhathazeka kwabo nezinjongo zabo zobungcweti zaneliswa kanye nezinzwa zabo.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isizathu sokuvakasha kwakho, kuyoba ukufezeka kwephupho.


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