La ci-onstellation coma berenices Akukuhle uma uqala nje. Izinkanyezi ezingomakhelwane yilezi: enyakatho, iLos Perros de Caza noma iLebreles (iCanes Venatici); entshonalanga iBhubesi (uLeo); empumalanga iBoyero (Amabhuzu) naseningizimu, iNcasakazi (iNcasakazi), ezisetshenziswa njengereferensi yokuma kwazo. Ngalo mqondo, i-cona coma berenices noma eyaziwa nangokuthi Berenices Izinwele Itholakala phakathi kuka-11h55m no-13h35m wokuphakama okuqondile naphakathi kuka-+14º kanye no-+34º wokwehla. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngamanye amaqoqo ezinkanyezi, ungavakashela isigaba sethu esinikezelwe kuso izinkanyezi.
Ngokunjalo, uma le ndawo yesibhakabhaka isikhona, kufanele sizame ukubhalisa unxantathu wesokudla we-isosceles owenziwe ngabathathu abakhazimula kakhulu. izinkanyezi, nokho zingezandiso zesine kuphela: α noma 42 Com, β noma 43 Com kanye no-γ noma 15 Com.
Ngokuphathelene nalokhu okungenhla, ama-conacence coma berenices awanayo ingqikithi yokubukisa, naphezu kwamandla enganekwane kanye nenkomba yomlando ka-Eratosthenes, okwaze kwaze kwaba ngu-1602, lapho uTycho Brahe omkhulu emnika isiqeshana sezwe endaweni yase-Eratosthenes. i-cosmos. Isethulo esihle kakhulu sokukwazi ukulinganisa izinto ezikhangayo ezincane ukuxwayisa ngamabonakude anezinkambu ezinkulu ezilungiselelwe ukugxila ebusuku noma izibonakude okungenani u-14 cm wembobo kanye nezithombe zamehlo zezandiso ezincane.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi iqoqo lezinkanyezi ze-Coma Berenices, elibonwa eMhlabeni, lizungeze i-255 ly, lingelinye eliseduze kakhulu nathi ngemva kwalawo e-Big Dipper kanye namaHyades. Leli qiniso ligqamisa ukusondela kweqoqo lezinkanyezi i-Coma Berenices phakathi kwendikimba yasezulwini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo umfudlana wezinkanyezi, ohamba ngokuphathelene neLanga ngesivinini esingaba ngu-8 km/s ekuqondeni kumlaza owaziwayo weVela. Lokhu kutholakala phakathi izinkanyezi β Leonis (Denebola) kanye ne-α Canum Venaticorum (Cor Caroli). Ngokufanayo, izithunzi zezinkanyezi ezakha iqoqo ziyahlukahluka kusuka ku-A kuya kuzibonelo K kanye no-M.
Ngesibonakude, ngaphandle kweqoqo elikhonjwe ngenhla, idijithi evelele ye imithala phakathi kwezikhazimula kakhulu zalezo ezivame ukugcwala umlaza wonke, ngokuyisisekelo eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-engeli futhi ngendlela efanayo emlaza ohlangene weNcasakazi.
I-Constellation coma berenices : Izinkanyezi eziyinhloko
I-constellation Coma Berenices ibambe iNorth Galactic Pole, ekuphakameni okungu-12h 51,42m nokubola okungu-27°07,8' (inkathi kaJulian 2000). Le zoni ayikhazimuli kuphela, futhi ayinazo izinkanyezi ezikhazimula kakhulu kunalezo zesibhakabhaka sesine. Futhi, β Comae Berenices Iyinkanyezi ekhanya kakhulu ezinkanyezini, enomthamo ongu-4,26. Ngokuyisisekelo ikhanya kancane kuneLanga lethu, okusinika umcabango wokuthi iLanga lizohlukaniswa kanjani eminyakeni embalwa nje, nesibalo esivivinyayo sibe iminyaka engama-27 yokukhanya.
Ngomunye umqondo, kubalulekile ukukhombisa ukuthi inkanyezi yesibili egqama kakhulu kumlaza i-coma berenices yileyo ososayensi abaningi nezimfundamakhwela abazi ngokuthi i-Diadema (α Comae Berenices). Mayelana nalokhu, le nkanyezi inobukhulu obungu-4,32. Okumele ukuthi ukuqubuka komqhele waseBerenice kungu inkanyezi kabili, okungukuthi, iveza izici ezimbili zobukhulu obucishe bulingane. Mayelana nalokhu okungenhla, kusolwa ukuthi kungenye yezinto ezimbili ezifihlakele.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iqiniso elifanele liwukuthi okokugcina kwezinkanyezi zesandiso sesine ku cumlaza Ikhoma ka-Berenices ngokungangabazeki ingu-γ, enobukhulu obucishe bube ngu-4,36. Uma ungathanda ukufunda okwengeziwe ngomhlaba othakazelisayo wamaqoqo ezinkanyezi, ngikumema ukuthi uhlole isigaba sethu esizinikezele.
Ama-Essence amele isibhakabhaka aku-Constellation coma berenices
Nakuba i-cona coma berenices ingebanzi, ibamba izinto eziyisishiyagalombili Messier. Ngamanye amazwi, lo mlaza ucebile ngemithala, njengoba uthambisa ingxenye esenyakatho yeqoqo le-Virgo. Amaqoqo amaningi ayindilinga angahlukaniswa. Lezi zinhlangano zicinywa kancane uthuli njengoba umlaza ungekho lapho kuqondiswa khona indiza yenkanyezi.
Yingakho kunjalo, ngenxa yaleli qiniso, kunamaqoqo amaningi avulekile (ngaphandle kweqoqo le-Coma Berenices, elinqoba ingxenye esenyakatho ye izinkanyezi), i-nebulae engaqondakali noma i-nebulae yasezulwini. Kulabo abathanda isayensi yezinkanyezi, izinto ze-Messier ziyisihloko esithakazelisayo esingasihlola.
I-Constellation cluster coma berenices
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iqoqo lezinkanyezi ze-Coma Berenice alinayo inketho ye-Messier noma i-NGC, kodwa ikuhlu lwe-Melotte lwamaqoqo angaphandle, lapho kubizwa khona ngokuthi i-Melotte 111 (Honey 111). Kuyiqoqo lenkanyezi evulekile ebanzi, engaqondakali ukusuka kuhlangothi lwesihlanu ukuya kweleshumi, eliqukethe eziningi zezinkanyezi. comets kubonakala ngeso lenyama endaweni.
Iqoqo lijabulela ukubonakala kwendawo eyisikhumbuzo, ngaphezu kwamadigri angu-5, eduze kwe-γ Coma Berenices. Umzimba wayo ocatshangwayo ungenxa yokuthi iseduze, kuphela iminyaka engu-270 yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni. Umhlaba.
Umsuka, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kanye nezinganekwane ze-constellation coma berenices
Umlaza i-Coma Berenices waphathwa njenge- i-asterism kusukela ezikhathini zaseGrisi lasendulo. Ngalo mqondo, u-Eratosthenes wabiza umlaza ngokuthi i-Cabellera de Ariadna kanye ne-Coma Berenices. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uClaudius Ptolemy wacaphuna iCopo (yezinwele); noma ngabe kunjani, akakubekanga ekubaleni kwakhe imilaza engama-48, ecabanga ukuthi uyingxenye ye-Leo.
Ngokufanayo, iminyaka eminingi, i-Coma Berenices yayibhekwa njengeqhuma ekugcineni kuka-Leo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi njengengxenye ye-Virgo. Ngokuphathelene nalokhu okungenhla, ekhulwini le-XNUMX, amanye amamephu we- cielo walandisa amaqiniso amabili ashaqisayo, ukutholakala kwemilaza emibili, enye yalezi Coma Berenices. Ukwakheka komlaza kushiwo kuTycho Brahe, obhaliswe njengomlaza ohlwini lwakhe luka-1602. Ngendlela efanayo kubonakala ku-Uranometria nguJohann Bayer ngonyaka we-1603.
Nokho, i-Coma Berenices iwumlaza wamanje, njengoba ihlotshaniswa nenganekwane endala. Ingenye embalwa izinkanyezi (no-Scutum) abakweleta isiteketiso sabo esithombeni esingokomlando, kulokhu iNdlovukazi u-Berenice II wase-Egypt.
Izinwele zabuyela kanjani ezulwini ukuze zinikeze i-Coma Berenices indawo?
Inganekwane ithi ngalobo busuku Berenice ekhipha umnikelo, kwatholakala ukuthi izinwele zisusiwe esontweni. Amahemuhemu aphawula umpristi wesifunda owayethanda onkulunkulu baseGibhithe, owavutha ngolaka njengoba indlovukazi inxusa unkulunkulukazi wamaGreki, kodwa abukho ubufakazi bokuthi nguye futhi ubunye baphila ecasulwe yilesi senzakalo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isazi sezinkanyezi uConón de Samos wakwazi ukubaqinisekisa, ebabonisa ukuthi iqoqo izinkanyezi ngesimo sezinwele kwakuvele ngalobo busuku esibhakabhakeni, ngakho-ke kwakungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi u-Aphrodite wayetuse ukunikezwa komlaza njengeBerenices kuze kube yilapho.