I-Las Nebulae, zidalwe igesi nothuli lwasemkhathini olutholakala emkhathini ongaphandle, olukhishwa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Supernovae, okuyizinkanyezi eziye zaqhuma. Kulesi sihloko, sizofunda konke mayelana nokuthi i-nebula ibukeka kanjani kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-nebula akhona noma aqoshwe yi-NASA.
Iyini iNebula?
Uma sikhuluma ngeNebula sisho ifu elikhulu lothuli negesi elitholakala emkhathini. Izinhlobo ezithile ze-Nebula yilezo eziphuma othulini negesi ekhishwa ekuqhumeni okubangelwa izinkanyezi ezifayo, ezaziwa ngokuthi i-Supernovae. Ezinye izigaba ze-Nebulae ziyizinhlobo zezifunda lapho izinkanyezi ezintsha ziqala ukuvela khona. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ezikhathini eziningi amanye ama-nebula abizwa ngokuthi "Nurseries of Stars".
Ngakho-ke singaphetha ngokuthi ama-nebula ayizinhlobo zokugxila kwegesi lapho isici esivelele i-Hydrogen, ngaphezu kwe-Helium ne-Star Dust, ama-syntheses angu-3 akha i-Nebulae. Lezi zibalulekile endaweni yonke, ngoba izinkanyezi ezintsha ziphuma ngaphakathi kwazo ekujikeni nasekuhlanganisweni kwezinto ezimnyama. Ukuze uqonde kangcono isenzakalo sokubunjwa kwayo, ungathintana Ayini ama-nebulae?.
Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi ama-nebula athile akhiwa iqembu lezinkanyezi ezintsha, kukhona nezinye ezihlanganisa inani elikhulu lezinkanyezi ezifile noma ezisezinsuku zazo zokugcina, lapho izakhi ezishiwo ngenhla ezizenza sezivele zidliwe. ngokuphelele..
Izinkanyezi zakha kanjani kuyi- nebula?
Njengoba sesichazile ngaphambili, ama-nebulae enziwe ngamagesi nothuli, ikakhulukazi i-Helium ne-Hydrogen. Izinto ezinjengothuli negesi ngaphakathi kwe-nebula zihlakazeke ngokuphelele, nokho, amandla adonsela phansi yiwo angaqala ukuhlanganisa wonke la maqembu ezakhi esizibalulile ndawonye. Njengoba zikhula ziba zinkulu, amandla adonsela phansi amafu aba namandla kakhulu futhi abe namandla kakhulu kunasekuqaleni.
Lapho zonke lezi zakhi zegesi nothuli sezihlangene ndawonye, selithole usayizi omkhulu obhidlika amandla alo adonsela phansi. Ukuwa yikhona okubangela ukuthi impahla ephakathi nendawo yaleli fu inyuse izinga lokushisa nokushisa; lo mgogodla wezinga eliphezulu lokushisa uhlanganisa ukuqala kwenkanyezi entsha. Le nqubo ingabonwa ku izinhlobo ze-nebulae yeplanethi.
Aphi amaNebula?
Iningi lama-nebula atholakala emkhathini phakathi kwezigidi zezinkanyezi ezikhona, ezaziwa nangokuthi i-Interstellar Space. I-nebula ngokuvamile eyaziwa ngokuthi iseduze kakhulu neplanethi yethu enguMhlaba yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Helix Nebula. Okuyinsalela noma izinsalela zenkanyezi efayo, kukholakala ukuthi kwakuyinkanyezi eyayifana kakhulu neLanga. Funda okungakumbi ngombuki zindwendwe, u- Sun ILanga liluhlobo luni lwenkanyezi?.
Le nebula ingaphezulu noma ngaphansi ebangeni leminyaka yokukhanya engama-700 ukusuka kuPlanethi Yomhlaba. Okusho ukuthi ngisho noma umkhumbi-mkhathi ukwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini sokukhanya, kusazothatha iminyaka engaba ngu-700 ukufika kuwo.
Ingabonwa Kanjani I-Nebulae?
Izazi zezinkanyezi ezinkulu zisebenzisa amathuluzi afana nezibonakude ezinamandla ngempela ukuze zithwebule ama-nebula kude nesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. Izibonakude ezinkulu zasemkhathini zeNASA, njengeHubble Space Telescope, zikwazile ukuthatha inqwaba yama-nebula aqhelelene kakhulu nesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. Ukuze uthole ukubheka okujulile kwezibonakude, hlola Isibonakude sikaChandra.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezinhlobo Ze-Nebulae
I-Nebulae, efike imelelwe ngamajamo nosayizi abahlukene, ihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezi-4 eziyinhloko okuyizi:
- I-Reflection Nebulae.
- I-Emission Nebulae.
- I-Absorption Nebulae.
- Iplanethi yeNebula.
I-Reflection Nebulae
Lezi zihlanganisa i-nebulae ebonisa ukukhanya kwezinkanyezi eziseduze futhi ezingavezi imisebe enamandla ukuze i-nebula ikhanye, ngakho lawa mafu othuli abonisa kuphela ukukhanya kwenkanyezi engu-1 eseduze nokuthi avela kakhulu imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yendlela ukukhanya kwenkanyezi okuvame ukuhlakazwa ngayo yizinhlayiya zothuli kule nebula. Isibonelo esihle salokhu kungaba:
- I-Pleiades Nebula.
- Osisi Abayisikhombisa Nebula.
I-Emission Nebulae
I-Emission Nebulae yiwo aveza ukukhanya kwawo siqu ngoba ama-athomu e-hydrogen wonakaliswa ukukhanya okunamandla kwe-ultraviolet azo zonke lezo zinkanyezi eziseduze; i-hydrogen i-ionized futhi ibangela ukukhiqizwa kokukhanya kwe-nebula. Kungase kube isigaba esivamile sezinkanyezi eziseduze. Ngokwesibonelo:
- I-Horseshoe Nebula.
- I-Omega Nebula.
I-Absorption Nebulae
Ziyaziwa nangokuthi ama-nebulae amnyama, abonakala ngokungakwazi ukukhipha ukukhanya, le nebula ifihla izinkanyezi eziqukethe, ngakho azikwazi ukubonakala ngokuqondile kuma-telescopes. Yaba isazi sezinkanyezi okuthiwa uWilliam Herschel, indoda eyathola lolu hlobo lwe-nebula. Isibonelo sakho esihle yilesi:
- I-Horsehead Nebula.
Kukhona infinity enkulu Izinkanyezi esingethe izigidi zezinkanyezi, ezisencane nezinye esezisezinsukwini zazo zokugcina, ezaziwa ngokuthi Izinkanyezi Ezifayo. Le Milaza iqukethe amanani amaningi e-Nebula yanoma yiziphi izinhlobo ezi-4 ezikhona.
Iplanethi yeNebula
Lama-nebula yiwo akhanya ngenxa yokuthi ukukhanya okuhlobene nenkanyezi kudonswa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-athomu e-nebula; Lezi zihlanganisa izembozo zegesi ezihlukanisiwe kuzo zonke izinkanyezi ezifayo ezikhipha le nto emkhathini. Lezi zingqimba zangaphandle zegesi zinwetshwa ziye ngasemkhathini, okwenza i-Nebula, ethatha isimo sendandatho noma ibhamuza. Isibonelo saleli klasi yilesi:
- I-Helix Nebula.
Ngenxa yosizo lwezibonakude ezinamandla zanamuhla kanye nokuchayeka isikhathi eside, izazi zezinkanyezi zingakwazi ukubuka izithombe ezinhle, ezimibalabala ezibonisa uhla olugcwele lwemibala nemibala ye-nebula, ehlanganisa i-Hydrogen ngemibala efana no-Pink noBlue, i-Helium, iNitrogen Ebomvu. , kanye ne-Oxygen in Blue - Green.
Yiziphi Izinhlobo Ze-Nebulae Ezikhona?
Manje sesizokwethula uchungechunge lwezinhlobo ze-nebulae eziyingxenye yeqoqo elihlukaniswe yi-NASA, elifakwe ohlwini njengelimangalisa kakhulu endaweni yethu yonke. Sizokwethula cishe izinhlobo ezingama-27 zama-nebula eziyingxenye yezinhlobo ezi-4 eziphambili esizishilo ngaphambili. Sizoqala ukuvakasha kwethu okuhle ngalokho okubizwa nge-Dumbbell Nebula.
I-Dumbbell Nebula
Okubizwa ngokuthi i-Dumbbell Nebula, yaziwa nangokuthi i-Messier 27, amanye amagama adumile:
- I-Haltera Nebula
- I-Apple Nebula
Okukhanyisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared okuthathwe yi-NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. Le nebula ingeyohlobo lwe-Planetary Nebula etholakala phakathi komlaza we "Vulpecula" noma owaziwa nangokuthi "La Zorra", etholakala ebangeni leminyaka engaba ngu-1.360 ukukhanya ukusuka eplanethini enguMhlaba. Ibhekwa njengenye ye-nebulae yeplanethi enkulu kunazo zonke eyaziwa namuhla.
I-Butterfly Nebula
Okubizwa ngokuthi i-Butterfly Wings Nebula noma eyaziwa nangokuthi i-M2-9, isibonelo esimangalisa kakhulu se-bipolar planetary nebulae; Lezi zinhlobo zama-nebula zakhiwa lapho into yazo emaphakathi ingahlanganisi inkanyezi eyodwa, kodwa yakhiwe uhlelo lwenkanyezi kanambambili.
Ucwaningo olukhulu luye lwakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi ubukhulu be-nebula buyanda phakathi neminyaka. I-Butterfly Wings Nebula itholakala ebangeni elingaba iminyaka engu-2.100 ukukhanya ukusuka kuPlanethi yethu enguMhlaba.
Helix Nebula
I-Helix Nebula iyingxenye ye-Planetary Nebulae etholakala kumlaza we-Aquarius. Ngenxa yesithombe esithathwe isibonakude se-NASA sika-Spitzer kanye ne-GALEX observatory, kungenzeka ukubona le nebula njengenkanyezi efayo ekhipha uhlobo oluthile lwemisebe ye-cosmic.
Ngale ndlela, iNebula iye yakhiwa inkanyezi okukholelwa ukuthi ifana kakhulu nenkanyezi yethu ephakathi, okungukuthi, iLanga ezinsukwini zalo zokugcina zokuphila. I-Helix Nebula itholakala ebangeni elingama-light-year angaba ngu-1 ukusuka eplanethini enguMhlaba.
i-tarantula nebula
Lokhu kwaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi iTarantula Nebula noma eyaziwa nangokuthi i-30 Doradus noma i-NGC 207, kuwuhlobo lwe-nebula oluye lwabonwa i-Chandra X-ray observatory, enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi yi-Hubble telescope X-ray ngokuluhlaza. kanye nesibonakude iSpitzer esibomvu.
Itholakala e-Magellan Cloud enkulu, kusho iTarantula Nebula iqukethe enye yezindawo ezinkulu ezakha izinkanyezi eduze ne-Milky Way. Ngaphandle kwalokho ithathwa njengenye yezigqame kakhulu emkhathini.
i-veil nebula
I-Veil Nebula noma i-Swan Loop Nebula, yenziwe ngegesi eshisayo nothuli olukhanya kakhulu ngendlela yokuthi ibonwe ngenxa yesithombe esikhanyayo esithathwe isibonakude se-Galaxy Evolution Explorar eyaziwa ngesifinyezo sayo ngokuthi "GALEX" okungoweNASA. Le nebula itholakala cishe eminyakeni eyi-1.500 yokukhanya kude nePlanethi Yomhlaba.
I-Spider and Fly Nebula
Kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-IC 410 Emission Nebula, ibusa kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwezinkanyezi, njengoba kungabonakala ekuthwebuleni okwenziwa iSpitzer Space Telescope ye-NASA esithombeni se-infrared. Ngombono omncane singabona i-Great IC 417 kanye ne-Small NGC 1931 eduze kwayo, okubhekisela ku-spider nempukane, ngokuqhathanisa. Le nebula itholakala cishe eminyakeni eyi-10.000 yokukhanya kude neplanethi enguMhlaba.
I-Crab Nebula
I-Crab Nebula iqukethe insalela eyisakhiwo sodumo evela ku-supernova eyingxenye yomthala wethu, okungukuthi, i-Milky Way, ngokombono owenziwe isibonakude i-Herschel kanye nesibonakude i-Hubble.
Le Nebula itholakala cishe iminyaka engu-6.523 ukukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni ukuya kuyo futhi yiyona eyenza ingxenye esele ye-supernova engabonakala esibhakabhakeni sethu phakathi nezinyanga ezingaba ngu-22. Ngale ndlela yaqashelwa futhi yabhalwa osonkanyezi abakhulu bemvelaphi yamaShayina nama-Arab, ikakhulukazi ngoJulayi 4, 1054.
I-Rosette Nebula
Isithombe esinikezwe i-ESA Space Observatory kanye nesibonakude sayo i-Herschel sithwebule indawo ye-Rosette Nebula, okuyindawo yaseStellar Nursery cishe ebangeni eliqhele nge-light-year engu-5 ukusuka kuplanethi enguMhlaba. Le nebula iqukethe ifu elikhulu leMolecular elitholakala kumlaza we-Monoceros, owaziwa nangokuthi i-Unicorn.
Ngenxa yokuthi iseMthala i-Milky Way, iqoqo lezinkanyezi ezivulekile phakathi nebula ngokuvamile libonakala ngosizo lwezibonakude. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe mayelana nesibhakabhaka sasebusuku, ungabheka liqondise esibhakabhakeni ebusuku.
Pac-Man Nebula
Ngokungekho emthethweni, iqoqo lezinkanyezi elibizwa nge-NGC 28, elaziwa kakhulu nge-Pac-Man Nebula. Okunsomi. Ukufana nomdlalo wevidiyo odumile we-arcade kubonakala kakhulu. Le nebula itholakala engxenyeni yomlaza iCassiopeia.
ilangabi nebula
I-NGC 2024 ebizwa ngokuthi i-NGC XNUMX noma eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Flame Nebula ithole leli gama ngenxa yokuthi amaqoqo e-nebula abukeka evutha umlilo njengoba iyi-emission nebula.
I-nebula evuthayo itholakala cishe eduze kwenkanyezi yasempumalanga ye-Orion's Belt, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Alnitak, okungenye ye-3 "Marias" ye-Orion's Belt, etholakala ebangeni leminyaka engaba ngu-1.400 yokukhanya ukusuka emhlabeni wethu.
IGem Nebula encane
Kuyibhamuza elimibalabala elaziwa ngokuthi iPlanetary Nebula NGC 6818, elibuye libizwe ngokuthi iLittle Gem Nebula. Itholakala kumlaza weSagittarius cishe iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyi-6 yokukhanya kude neplanethi enguMhlaba. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi umoya wenkanyezi osuka enkanyezini emaphakathi yiwo ophusha into ekhishwayo, uyinike umumo obude ku-NGC 6818.
Isithombe sokuqala satholwa ngesibonakude se-Hubble, kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlungi ukuze kwembule umbono ohlukile we-nebula.
Kunefu elincane abantu abaningi abakholelwa ukuthi liyi-Nebula uma belibonile kanti iqiniso liwukuthi liwukwakheka kwamadwala noma imfucumfucu yasemkhathini emise okwefu bese sibhekisela kulo. I-Oort Cloud.
I-Horsehead Nebula
Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Barnard 33 noma futhi njenge-Horsehead Nebula, itholakala cishe iminyaka engu-1.500 ukukhanya ukusuka ku-Planet Earth, eduze nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Orion Belt. Imishayo ekhanyiswe ngemuva enqamula unqenqema olungaphezulu lwe-Horsehead Nebula ikhanyiswa i-Sigma Orionis, uhlobo lohlelo lwezinkanyezi ezincane ezi-5 oluthwetshulwe yi-Hubble Space Telescope eyaziwa kakhulu.
Le nebula icishe ibe ngu-3,5 ububanzi beminyaka yokukhanya futhi iyi-nebula yohlobo olumnyama lokumunca.
I-Monkey Head Nebula
Kuyisifunda esenza izinkanyezi esibizwa nge-NGC 2174 noma eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Monkey's Head Nebula, lapho, ngenxa yezithombe ze-infrared zesibonakude se-NASA sika-Spitzer, ungabona ishumi nambili lezinkanyezi ezincane ezimbozwe uthuli lwe-cosmic.
Le nebula itholakala kumlaza we-Orion ebangeni elingaba yiminyaka engu-6.400 yokukhanya ukusuka kuPlanethi Yomhlaba, amafu athile akha le nebula afana nekhanda lenkawu futhi yilapho isiteketiso sayo sivela khona. Uthuli olushisayo lwe-cosmic olutholakala kuyo lukhanya ngokukhazimulayo kumaza wamaza amaza e-infrared.
Amaphethelo ayo angakaze athathwe yisibonakude se-Spitzer ambozwe idatha evela kokunye okuningi okubonwa nge-infrared yi-NASA's Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer Spacecraft, eyaziwa ngesifushaniso sayo esithi "WISE".
I-Orion Nebula
Kusetshenziswa Ukuqaphela Okusha okuvela ku-ESO's VLT Survey Telescope, inani elikhulu lezazi zezinkanyezi likwazile ukuthola izinkanyezi ezi-3 ezihlukene ezingaphakathi kwe-Orion Nebula Group.
Lezi zitholakala ebangeni elingaba yiminyaka eyi-1.350 yokukhanya ukusuka eplanethini yomhlaba futhi ngokusho kwedatha enikeziwe, lezi zinkanyezi azizange zibunjwe ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba la maqembu angu-3 abonisa ukulandelana kweminyaka ehlukene komunye nomunye, ngakolunye uhlangothi, azungeza ngesivinini esihlukene:
Iqembu lenkanyezi encane kunazo zonke lizungeza ngokushesha kakhulu kunamadala.
Lokhu kutholwa okumangazayo kukwazi ukunikeza inani elibalulekile nelisha lolwazi ukuze zonke izazi zezinkanyezi ziqonde kangcono ukwakheka kwaleli klasi lamaqoqo emithala. Ngakho-ke u-Giacomo Beccari, isazi sezinkanyezi esaziwayo se-ESO, uchaza lokhu okulandelayo:
“Nakuba ithuba elikhulu lokuthi lezi zinkanyezi azikho kokubili alinakuphikiswa ngokusemthethweni, njengoba kubonakala kungokwemvelo kakhulu ukwamukela ukuthi esikubonayo izizukulwane ezi-3 zezinkanyezi ezakheka ngokulandelana esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka eyizigidi ezintathu.
Iplanethi yeNebula IC 4406
I-Yepun Unit Telescope 4 ye-ESO's Very Large Telescope eyaziwa ngesifinyezo sayo esithi “VLT” manje isiguqulelwe ekubeni isibonakude esivumelana nezimo ngokugcwele. Ngemva kweshumi leminyaka elide lokuhlela, ukwakha, nokuhlola, indawo entsha nethuthukisiwe ye-Adaptive Optics "AOF" iphumelele ekuthwebuleni umbono ohlaba umxhwele, ocije phini we-Planetary Nebula IC 4406.
Konke kube ngenxa yohlobo lwama-optics aguqukayo asebenzela ukunxephezela umphumela wokufiphala womkhathi woMhlaba, okuvumela i-MOUSE ukuthi ithole izithombe ezibukhali nezicace kakhudlwana. Njengoba kuchazwe uHarald Kuntschner, usosayensi oholayo wephrojekthi ye-AOF kwa-ESO uthi:
“Manje, ngisho noma isimo sezulu singesihle, izazi zezinkanyezi zingathola ikhwalithi yesithombe esihle kakhulu ngenxa ye-AOF”
Ukuqaphela okusha kubonise ukuthuthuka okumangazayo ekubukhali kwesithombe, kwembula zonke izakhiwo zegobolondo ezingakaze zibonwe ku-IC 4406.
I-Flaming Star Nebula
I-Flaming Star Nebula, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-IC 405, iyinebula ephumayo/ekhombisayo etholakala ebangeni leminyaka yokukhanya eyi-1.500 ikakhulukazi kumlaza i-Auriga.
Okubizwa ngokuthi i-AE Aurigae iqukethe inkanyezi ekhazimulayo ehamba ngokushesha emkhathini, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuxoshwa ekungqubuzaneni kwezinhlelo zezinkanyezi ezihlukahlukene endaweni ye-Orion nebula izigidi zeminyaka, engabonwa endaweni engaseceleni kwesobunxele. , equkethe inkanyezi yohlobo lwe-O eshisa kakhulu.
Le nebula ekhazimulayo ifinyelela usayizi ongaba iminyaka engu-5 yokukhanya, ngakho iyabonakala futhi ngesibonakude esincane uma ibhekwa kumlaza olungile.
i-trifid nebula
I-Trifid Nebula isekukhanyeni okubonakalayo, esithombeni esithathwe kuplanethi enguMhlaba ngesibonakude esincane. Le nebula yaziwa nangokuthi i-Messier 20, etholakala kumlaza we-Sagittarius ebangeni elingaba yiminyaka engu-5.500 ukukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni futhi igama layo lisho ukuthi "Ihlukaniswe Ngama-lobes angu-3", njengoba ifinyelela ekuvezeni cishe ama-lobes angu-3 ahlukaniswe ubumnyama. imigqa yothuli lwe-cosmic.
Iwuhlobo lwe-emission nebula kanye ne-reflection nebula futhi incane kakhulu ngoba ineminyaka engaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-300 ubudala.
ipensela nebula
I-Pencil Nebula ebizwa ngokuthi i-Pencil Nebula noma eyaziwa ngokwesayensi ngokuthi i-NGC 2736, iyingxenye encane yezinsalela ze-Vela Supernova, eseduze ne-Vela Pulsar emlanjeni wegama elifanayo. Lezi zinsalela ezinkulu lapho i-Pencil Nebula itholakala khona zihlanganisa ukuqhuma kwe-Supernova eyaphila eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-11 edlule.
Uhlobo lokubukeka komugqa lwale nebula ludale leli gama elidumile. Itholakala ebangeni elilinganiselwa ku-815 light years futhi ihamba ngo-644 km/h.
Keel Nebula
I-Quila Nebula, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Carina Nebula, iyi-nebula enkulu ephumayo ezungeza amaqoqo amaningana avulekile ezinkanyezi eziningi. Itholakala engalweni ye-Sagittarius, kumlaza we-Carina, futhi itholakala eminyakeni engaba ngu-7.500 ukukhanya ukusuka eplanethini enguMhlaba. Okuthile okufana kakhulu ne-Nebulae yilokho okubizwa Amafu, enesakhiwo esihluke kakhulu kunalezi zokuqala.
Leli nebula ligcina inani elikhulu lezinkanyezi zohlobo lwe-O ezinamazinga okushisa angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-33 km, njenge-Eta Carinae eyaziwa kakhulu, okuyinkanyezi ekhazimula kakhulu kuyo yonke i-Milky Way noma i-HD 93129ª, okungenye inkanyezi emangalisayo kakhulu. futhi ekhazimula kakhulu. Lokhu kucishe kube ngokuphindwe ka-4 futhi kugqame kakhulu kune-Orion Nebula, nokho ayaziwa kakhulu ngoba iseningizimu nenkabazwe.
I-Cat's Paw Nebula
Le nebula itholakala ebangeni elingaba yiminyaka eyi-5.500 yokukhanya ukusuka kuPlanethi Yomhlaba, yaziwa nge-NGC 6334 futhi yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Cat's Paw. Lokhu kwatholakala ngonyaka ka-1837 isazi sezinkanyezi esaziwayo saseNgilandi okuthiwa uJohn Herschel. Okuhlanganisa i-nebula ekhishwayo evala indawo yesibhakabhaka ngosayizi omkhulu kuneNyanga uma isisesigabeni esigcwele.
Umbala obomvu uba isici sale nebula okubangelwa igesi ye-hydrogen ecwebezelayo esefini elishiwo elingaba iminyaka engu-50 yokukhanya ubude, njengoba liyindawo enhle yokwakheka kwezinkanyezi kanye nezinkanyezi ezisencane zamazinga okushisa aphakeme ukuthi zinesibopho sokwenza i-hydrogen. igesi ikhanya kakhulu kulawa nemibala ebomvu ebomvu.
Nebula NGC 1999
Lona ufana nenkungu ekhanyiswa ilambu elizungeza umgodi ngendlela ethile futhi ngokuqinisekile kukhona okuyiqiniso kulokhu. Esikubonayo yi-reflection nebula NGC 1999 lapho okuthiwa "inkungu" kuwuthuli oluhlanzekile negesi ekhanyiswa inkanyezi futhi "umgodi" ngokuvamile uyindawo engenalutho esibhakabhakeni, lokhu ngokusho kwabantu abayitholile. , okungukuthi, i-Herschel Space Observatory ye-ESA.
I-Southern Owl Nebula
Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-ESO 378-1 noma i-Southern Owl Nebula, iyinebula yeplanethi etholakala kumlaza we-Hydra, ebangeni elingaba iminyaka engu-3.500 yokukhanya ukusuka eplanethini enguMhlaba. Singabona uhlobo oluthile lwembulunga yamanzi enhle kakhulu, ekhanya njengesipoki senkanyezi ebumnyameni obuphelele emkhathini.
I-Planet nebulae, okuyizinsalela zenkanyezi efayo eye yaqhuma, idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhemikhali nasekuguqukeni kwendawo yonke, njengoba izinkanyezi ezintsha zingavela kuzo ngisho namaplanethi amasha.
I-Red Square Nebula noma i-MWC 922
I-nebula eyisikwele, abaningi bazozibuza, ingabe iyisikwele ngempela? Impendulo ithi Yebo, I-Square noma i-Red Square nebula itholakala ku-Serpens Constellation, okungukuthi, iNyoka futhi yaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuma kwayo kwesikwele, okuyenze yaba enye yezinto zasezulwini ezinokulinganisa okukhulu kakhulu. .
Manje, kungani ingaba nalesi simo? Enye inkolelo-mbono eholayo iwukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inkanyezi emaphakathi yale nebula yakhipha izigaxa zegesi sekwephuzile ekukhuleni kwayo ezakheka kuwo wonke ama-engeli angakwesokudla njengoba kubonakala eplanethini enguMhlaba.
inhliziyo nebula
Lokhu kwaziwa nge-IC 1805, kodwa okudume ngokuthi i-Heart Nebula ngohlobo lwayo lokuma kwenhliziyo ezithombeni ezivezwa isikhathi eside, itholakala eminyakeni engaba ngu-7.500 ukukhanya ukusuka eplanethini enguMhlaba ikakhulukazi kumlaza weCassiopeia. Cishe kuyiminyaka engu-300 yokukhanya futhi ngokuvamile imelela ingxube yegesi ekhanyayo ephakathi kwezinkanyezi kanye namafu amnyama othuli.
i-omega nebula
Lokhu kutholakala endaweni encane ye-M17, edume ngokuthi i-Omega noma i-Swan Nebula. Le hotbed enkulu yokwakheka kwenkanyezi inombala ngokwezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ezikhona. Okubomvu okubonwayo kufanekisela isibabule, okuluhlaza kufanekisela i-hydrogen nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kumoya-mpilo.
Zingesinye sezifunda ezinkulu ezenza inkanyezi ku-Milky Way. Itholakala eminyakeni engaba ngu-5.500 6 yokukhanya ukusuka eplanethini enguMhlaba ngaphakathi komlaza weSagittarius futhi inesigaba esibonakalayo sobukhulu esingaba ngu-XNUMX, ngenxa yalokhu ingabonakala ngosizo lwama-binoculars futhi ibonakala kakhulu ngenyanga ka-August.
I-NGC 604
I-NGC 604 nebula itholakala ikakhulukazi kwenye yezingalo ezizungezayo ze-galaxy ebizwa ngokuthi i-Messier 33 galaxy, ebizwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Triangulum Galaxy, etholakala ebangeni elilinganiselwa ku-2.723 million light years ukusuka eMhlabeni. Yakhiwe ngabangaphezu kuka-200 Izinkanyezi bashiswa igesi ye-hydrogen ionized ionized ye-nebula, okuyenza ibe yi-fluoresce.
I-Pirate of the Southern Skies
Ifu Le-Pirate Yesibhakabhaka SaseNingizimu lakhiwe ifu legesi, uthuli kanye nezinkanyezi ezikhanyayo ezincane, eziboshwe ngamandla adonsela phansi ukuma kogebhezi lwekhanda oluhlekayo, le nebula yatholwa ekuthwebuleni nge-Very Large Telecope "VLT" yalokho. Okuqukethe i-Nebula ebizwa ngokuthi i-NGC 2467 futhi isendaweni esebenzayo kanye nokwakheka kwezinkanyezi okuthi kwabaningi bayifake kukhathalogi njengokumnyama nokuhle.
