El i-orion kanye ne-sirius ihambisana nezinhlangano ezimbili ezivame ukuvela endaweni yonke, eyokuqala ifanekisela a umlaza eyesibili yaba inkanyezi.
I-Syria Orion
Ngezansi izindlela lapho i-orion ne-sirius ingachazwa.
Umlaza we-Orion Sirius
La umlaza we-orion Ngokuqinisekile iyona ehlolisiswa kakhulu esibhakabhakeni ngabakhileyo kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ingabonakala kuwo womabili ama-hemispheres futhi inezinkanyezi ezikhanya kakhulu. Ukuma kwayo kufana ne-hourglass ezungezwe izinkanyezi ezimbili eziyinhloko: iBetelgeuse neBellatrix; futhi igcinwe yimihlaba emibili ekhanyayo: uRigel noSaiph. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngokuthi imilaza yayiqanjwe kanjani kuwo wonke umlando, ungavakashela lesi sixhumanisi.
Maphakathi nale quadrant Ezinye izinkanyezi ezintathu ezikhazimulayo ziyatholakala kuthiwa ubeke eceleni indlela ehambisanayo. Iziteketiso zabo ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla ngu-Alnitak, u-Alnilam no-Mintaka. Umlaza we-Orion ufanekisela iqhawe eliphakamisa umnsalo walo, inkemba noma induku futhi lizimboze esitheni salo ngesikhumba noma isihlangu. Eceleni kwakhe kukhona izinja zakhe ezizingelayo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezinkanyezi ngokuvamile, ungafunda mayelana izinkanyezi.
Izinkanyezi zomlaza we-Orion
Izinkanyezi kumlaza Orion Sirius yilezi:
1.Alnitak
Igama lesidlaliso sale nkanyezi livela ku-Arabhu futhi lifanekisela "ibhande". Kodwa-ke, kwacatshangelwa ukuthi kwakuyiminyaka engaba ngu-1.500 ukukhanya ukusuka ku- Uhlelo lomkhathi, ukuhlelwa kwe-parallax yayo ngesathelayithi ye-Hipparcos kwaphumela ohambweni lweminyaka engaba ngu-800 kuphela ekhanyayo.
I-Alnitak iyisistimu yesikhala esiphindwe kathathu, amayunithi ayo okuqala ahlukene ngama-arcsecond angu-2,1. Inkanyezi yakudala yesistimu, i-Alnitak A, yona ngokwayo ingeyesibili. Iyunithi ebalulekile, i-Alnitak Aa, iyi-supergiant eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. U-Alnitak Ab, uyindlela efanayo una isigaba O Star, Nokho kusukela iketango main. U-Alnitak B ngokufanayo uyinkanyezi eqinile eqeda ukuphenduka okukodwa eduze kwangaphakathi njalo eminyakeni eyi-1.500.
2.Alnilam
Igama lesidlaliso sale nkanyezi nalo livela kusi-Arabhu futhi lifanekisela "umucu wamaparele". I-Alnilam iwumdondoshiya oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kakhulu esingaba amaqoqo elanga angama-40, futhi ikhanya ngokwedlulele: iqukethe isamba esikhulu sokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet esivezwa inkanyezi, ukucaca kwalo kufaneleka izikhathi ezingu-375.000 XNUMX ukucaca kwelanga. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu zezinkanyezi kulesi sihloko. mayelana nezinkanyezi.
Izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwalo lingu-25.000 K, lishisa kangangokuthi likhanyisa umthala wokucabanga i-NGC 1990. Umoya onamandla wasemkhathini ovunguza usuka endaweni yawo ngesivinini esingu-2000 km/s ubangela ukuba ichithe ingxubevange ngesigqi. Izikhathi eziyizigidi ezingu-20 ngaphezu kweLanga.
Kuyinkanyezi engavamile ephephukayo engashintshi yekilasi le-Alpha Cygni, ene-dither engu-0,1-dimensional ekukhazimuleni kwayo. Cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezi-4 kuphela, esikhathini esizayo izoba christianized in a super red giant for later qhuma njengenye i-supernova futhi ushiye inkanyezi yama-athomu njengensali.
3. Mntaka
Igama lakhe lokuqamba lifanekisela ibhande ngesi-Arabhu. Empeleni, Mntaka Kuyinto a inkanyezi eyinhlanganisela edidekile; ngomzuzu owodwa we-arc ovela enkanyezini ebalulekile umuntu angaba phakathi kwenkanyezi yesandiso esicatshangwayo esingu-6,8. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-915 yokuthela imisebe lapho iMintaka itholakala khona, igebe phakathi kwalokhu okubili okungenani liyiminyaka engu-0,25 yokuthela imisebe. Phakathi kwalawa mayunithi amabili kunenkanyezi ecashile enezinhlangothi ezingu-14. Inkanyezi enesandiso esingu-6,8 ihlukene nenkanyezi ye-spectroscopic enezici ezimbili.
Isici esiyinhloko -esicaphuna iMintaka- sinobukhulu +2,23 futhi siyinkanyezi ngendlela efanayo. yezakhi ezimbili, okugoba kwazo okuye kwahlolwa nge-spectroscopy. Isigaba se-orbital salo mbhangqwana siyizinsuku ezingu-5,73, sifihlana kancane, esithwala inkambo yokukhanya yama-degrees angu-0,2.
Phakathi kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zendawo esingazithola eBelt yi I-Flame Galaxy kanye ne-Horsehead Galaxy.
I-Horsehead Galaxy
Kuyifu elibandayo, elimnyama, elitholakala eminyakeni yokukhanya engaba ngu-1.500 XNUMX ukusuka emhlabeni wethu, eningizimu yohlangothi lwesobunxele lwe-Orion's Belt. Imele ingxenye yabadidekile i-Orion Molecular Clouds, futhi icishe ibe yi-3,5 light-year ububanzi. Lo mthala omnyama ubonakala ngokuphikiswa, njengoba uvela ngaphambili kwenkulumo yomthala IC 434. Kusukela ekumeleleni kwawo yiwo ojwayeleke kakhulu wemithala ye-impregnation.
I-Galaxy of Flame
Uthatha igama lakhe elingelona iqiniso njengoba enalo mfanekiso othile. Ama-athomu e-hydrogen i-galaxy benziwa ama-ion abukhali ngokukhanya kwe-Alnitak ehlangene nemisebe yayo ye-ultraviolet ebenza bamoshe izakhi zabo. Okuningi kokukhanya kwawo komthala kuqala lapho lezo zakhi zihlangana futhi ne-hydrogen eyenziwe ionized, okubangela ukubonakala kokukhanya okubomvu.
ISirio
I-Sirius isiteketiso se- inkanyezi ye-alpha Canis Majoris, okukhazimula kakhulu kuyo yonke i-cosmos yasebusuku engabonwa eMhlabeni, etholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu yeCanis Major. Le nkanyezi ebaluleke kakhulu, empeleni eyinkanyezi enezici ezimbili, ibibonwa kabanzi kusukela ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngamaqoqo ezinkanyezi, ungavakashela Lesi sihloko mayelana nezinkanyezi.
Ngenxa ethile okungaqondakali emkhakheni wesistimu ye-Sirius Kwenziwe izinkanyezi ezimbili, kucatshangelwe ukuthi kumelela enye inkanyezi, uSirius C, imfishane ebomvu ecatshangelwayo enengxenye yesihlanu yesixuku seLanga kanye nesigaba sesithunzi esingu-M5-9, emzileni ogejewe iminyaka eyisithupha eduze kwase-Sirius A. ayikaqondisiwe futhi ukuba khona kwayo kwangempela kuyaphikiswa.
Isistimu ye-Sirius
ISirio Iyinkanyezi enezici ezimbili ezakhiwe izinkanyezi ezimbili ezimhlophe. ukuzungeza nomunye ebangeni elingama-20 ua cishe indlela eyenzeka phakathi kweLanga ne-Uranus, kanye nesikhathi esiyiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Isikhathi sesistimu senziwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngeminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-230. Kukholakala ukuthi isikhashana sangaphambilini kokuba khona kwayo kwakunezinkanyezi ezimbili eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngayinye ihamba endaweni eyi-elliptical njalo eminyakeni engu-9,1.
Izingxenye ze-Sirius
I-Sirius imelwe ngu:
Sirius A
I-Sirius A inesisindo esicishe sibe izikhathi ezingu-2,02 kuneyenkosi yenkanyezi, i-5, engu-59 62 kg.1,9891 Isiteshi sika-Sirius A sihlakaniphile nge-interferometer yasezulwini. Ijubane layo lokuzungeza liphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, i-1030 km/s, ngenxa yokuthi alikhiqizi i-disk, okuphambene nalokho okwenzeka kudiski. inkanyezi de ukufana okukhulu.
Sirius B
Sirius B Ukusa okuseduze kakhulu kithi. iplanethi. Inesisindo esivame ukufana nesenkosi yethu yenkanyezi, ebeka njengenye yezinhlamvu eziqine kakhulu ze-alba okukhona izindaba zazo, njengoba ngokwesilinganiso zinengxenye yesixuku selanga, kuphela kulokhu kufanele kwengezwe ukuthi, i-agglomeration efanayo neLanga, ubukhulu balo bungowoMhlaba, ngakho ukuhlangana kwawo kuvelele.
I-dwarf yalesi sigaba idalwa kuphela ngemva kokuba inkanyezi ivela ochungechungeni lwakudala futhi idlule ku-red giant. Endabeni ka-Sirius B, lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi i- inkanyezi ilandisa kuphela phakathi nenkathi yakhe yamanje, eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingu-120 edlule.
Phakathi nesizini yakhe ochungechungeni olukhulu lwe- inkanyezi yoqobo, yekilasi B izoba ne-agglomeration elinganiselwa ku-5 M☉.5 Phakathi nezifundo zayo ezimaphakathi ze-Sirius B njengenkulu ebomvu, i-Sirius A ibingase yengezelele ukusansimbi kwayo, ngaleyo ndlela ishiye okunye Ukwembula amaqiniso nge-Syrian Orion.
