Isayensi ihlale ithuthuka ekufuneni amakhambi ezinkingeni ezithile ezingase zihambisane nokuphila. Lena indaba yokuthi kanjani Ososayensi baseValencia basungula isithelo esisha esivela ku-persimmon, baziswa kodwa ngezinto ezithile ezingathuthukiswa usuku nosuku. Ivela kanje iPersimon.
Injani i-Persimmon?
Sibhekene nesithelo sakamuva ngokwendalo yaso. Inombala osawolintshi osondelene nepentshisi kune-persimmon (obomvu kakhulu), i isikhumba sigqamile futhi sibushelelezi njenge-nectarine. Okwakhe ukuthungwa kufana ne-apula futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ingadliwa ngokulunywa njengomunye. Futhi eyakhe ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kubushelelezi, elifana nebhilikosi.
Lesi sithelo singadliwa njenganoma yisiphi esinye isithelo futhi siphelele kuma-dessert njengamakhekhe noma iyogathi, kodwa nakumajusi njengesithako esiyinhloko noma amajusi ezithelo ezahlukene.
"Persimon" empeleni ingaphezu kwegama lesithelo, uphawu. Kodwa igama lomkhiqizo lihlotshaniswa nalesi sithelo kangangokuthi sesivele siqamba ngaso, kufana nokuthi kwenzeka kwezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo efana ne "Clinex" noma "Danone".
Lesi sithelo esibonakala manje kuma-greengrocer nasezitolo ezinkulu noma nini uma kuyisikhathi sonyaka (isithelo sasekwindla) futhi noma singenjalo, empeleni… eminyakeni embalwa edlule sasingekho. Uyobe usuzibuza ukuthi ngabe iqhamukaphi?
Kusukela persimmon kuya persimmon
I-Persimon akusona isithelo esingavamile esiye sathunyelwa futhi yingakho singezwanga ngaso. Kuyisithelo esizalwa yisayensi, Kuyinto eqanjiwe yaseSpain. Futhi ikakhulukazi okwenziwa ososayensi baseValencia.
ukusetshenziswa kwe sekela i-persimmon, usebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo okuhlukile ngaphezu kokukhohlisa okulandelayo ekuvuneni okwaba umphumela, kwatholakala isithelo esisha.
El i-persimmon uma yisithelo esingenisiwe futhi esivela e-China Ngekhulu XVII. Kuyo yonke iMedithera, lesi sithelo siguquke saba izinhlobo ezahlukene kuye ngendawo esatshalwa kuyo. Nakuba cishe zonke izinhlobo zazinezici ezifanayo.
Persimmon eSpain
Endabeni yeSpain, Yayilinywa emazweni ase-Andalusi, e-Valencian naseCatalan. Nakuba kufanele kushiwo ukuthi kwakungesona isithelo abantu baseSpain abazizwa benombono omkhulu ngaso. Lawa ma-persimmons okuqala ayemancane, eqinile, futhi engenawo ukunambitheka., yingakho bengazange bacabangele cishe noma ubani. Kulokhu kumelwe senezele ukuthi izihlahla zazithela izithelo ezimbalwa. Konke lokhu kwenza enye yama-persimmons asekuqaleni yaba isithelo esasingabazuzisi abalimi ngenxa yokuthi yayingafaneleki imizamo yokuyikhiqiza.
Lapho kufika Ngekhulu lama-XNUMX, izinhlobonhlobo ze-persimmon zavela emasimini ase-Valencian: i-Rojo Brillante. Lona waqala ukukuthanda. Wawumkhulu, izihlahla zithela izithelo ezengeziwe, futhi zinambitheka kamnandi. Ngama-70s yilapho igama elithi "Bright Red" lanamathela khona, ngenxa yokubukeka kwalo.
Inkinga ye-persimmon
Ukunambitheka okumnandi kweBright Red, kugcine kushiye umuzwa ongemnandi olimini. umuzwa wokuklwebheka ngenxa ye-astringency yama-tannins etholakala ku-persimmon. Isixazululo salokhu kwaba ukulinda izithelo zase zivuthiwe kakhulu, lapho tannins ziyanyamalala.
Njengoba i-persimmon ivuthwa, ikhipha i-ethanol, ebangela ukuba ama-tannin ahwamuke futhi nomuzwa owuveza olimini unyamalale. Lokhu kwagwema umuzwa omubi abantu abaningi ababebonakala bengawuthandi.
Kusukela esixazululo kwavela inkinga futhi. Sonke siyakhumbula ukuthi i-persimmon injani: imnandi kakhulu futhi ithambile kakhulu. Ukuthi babethambile kwakuyinkinga enkulu ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Lokhu kwakuwubunzima obukhulu kubalimi okwakudingeka bathengise umkhiqizo wabo futhi babone ukuthuthwa kwawo amabanga amade cishe kungenakwenzeka. Umkhiqizo omuhle wawuzuziwe, kodwa wawungathengiswa kuphela eduze nalapho ukhiqizwa khona.
Sharon Persimmons
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-persimmon yakwa-Israel nazo zinezinkinga ezifanayo esixoxile ngazo, kodwa ososayensi bezwe bakwazi ukuqeda ubulukhuni obushiywe ama-tannins ngaphandle kokulinda ukuthi i-persimmon ivuthwe ngokwedlulele. Le nqubo yasetshenziswa lapho isithelo sesivuniwe, kwakungekona ukuguqulwa ukuze kudale okunye okuhlukile, kodwa le ndlela yasetshenziswa esithelweni ngokwaso.
Ngawo-90, eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngemva kwalokhu kusungulwa kwama-Israyeli, Ososayensi baseValencia bazimisele ukwenza okufanayo futhi bakwazi ukukwenza. Umqondo wawuwukwenza ama-tannins ahwamuke ngaphandle kokuba isithelo sivuthwe futhi sithambe.
Uma ama-tannins ehwamuka ne-ethanol yemvelo ekhishwa isithelo lapho sivuthwa, ikhambi laba veza isithelo ku-ethanol. Into ebalulekile mayelana nenqubo kwakuwukuqoqa isithelo esingavuthiwe, lapho inyama yaso isabushelelezi, bese usifaka igesi nge-ethanol ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela ofanayo nesithelo ngokwaso esiwenza ngokwemvelo. Babona ukuthi cishe usuku olulodwa lokuchayeka kwafinyelelwa.
I-Persimmon iyazalwa
Lesi sithelo esisha saba khona ukuguqulwa kwe-persimmon ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayilahlekelwa ukushelela kwayo kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo imnandi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Konke lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sithelo singamakethwa kakhulu, ukukhiqizwa kwaso kukhulu ngakho-ke kuningi kakhulu.
Ukukhuluma ngezibalo: kusukela ekulimeni amahektha angaba ngu-2.000 akhiqize amathani angama-21 ama-persimmons ngonyaka ka-2000 kuya ekulimeni cishe amahektha ayi-16.000 ngesivuno ngaphezu kwe-300.000 amathani ama-persimmons ngo-2017. Kuzo zonke lezi zingcezu zezithelo, eziningi zithunyelwa eYurophu.
Njengoba sikwazi ukubona, i-Persimon isisabalele kulo lonke elaseYurophu ngenxa yalezi ntuthuko ithuthukiswe ezolimo nesayensi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-persimmon yendabuko isadliwa ezindaweni eziseduze namasimu lapho ilinywa khona futhi abaningi basakwazisa lokho kuthungwa okuthambile okuwuphawu.
Ngithemba ukuthi uthole lesi sihloko sithakazelisayo mayelana ne Persimon persimmon eyasungulwa ososayensiKuhle njalo ukuqhubeka nokuthola okusizungezile nokuba nentshisekelo kumalukuluku angemuva kwakho.