Izinhlobo zamakhowe ane-venous

Amakhowe awukudla okuyigugu kakhulu ku-gastronomy, kodwa njengoba abaningi bethu sazi, akuwona wonke amakhowe alungele ukusetshenziswa. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhowe anobuthi kungabangela ubuthi obuyingozi kakhulu, kuze kufike ezingeni eliyingozi njengokufa. Asihambe ngezingxenye, Okokuqala, sizohlukanisa amakhowe ku-fungus futhi kamuva sizokwazisa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhowe ezinobuthi kakhulu.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungabona kanjani ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhowe anobuthi ezikhona, ukugwema, njengoba sesishilo, ubuthi. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungawadli amakhowe angakaziwa noma ukuthi imvelaphi yayo akwaziwa. Uma kwenzeka kuba noshevu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya esibhedlela.

Lapho inkathi yamakhowe iqala ezweni lakithi, kuvamile ukubona amaqembu abathanda i-mycology ezindaweni ezithile ezinamapulangwe eqoqa kokubili isikhunta namakhowe. Ngoba enze iqoqo eliphephile nelihloniphekile nemvelo, uchungechunge lwemithethonqubo kumele ithotshelwe ukuthi umphakathi ngamunye kumele ubalule. Esizokubona nakulolu shicilelo.

Umehluko Phakathi Kwamakhowe kanye Nesikhunta

Isikhunta isidalwa esiphilayo esakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili.. the Eyokuqala yalezi mycelium., etholakala ngaphansi komhlaba, engadliwa. Le mycelium yakhiwe inombolo enkulu yemicu emincane ebizwa ngokuthi i-hyphae. I ingxenye yesibili, lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi amakhowe, ingxenye engaphandle, leyo sonke esiyibonayo futhi siyidle.

La amakhowe, anomsebenzi wokusebenza njengesisetshenziswa sokuzala sesikhunta futhi iwukuphela kwengxenye yekhowe elingase lidliwe. Okusho ukuthi, uma kumenyu ye-bar noma yokudlela sibona "amakhowe aqhekeziwe", akulungile ngoba kufanele kubhalwe ukuthi "amakhowe aqhekeziwe".

Ngakho ukuthi ingxenye ye-mycelium iyakhula, idinga isimo sokushisa nomswakama ukuyisiza ithuthukeLe nqubo yaziwa ngokuthi ukukhula kwezitshalo. Lapho kuvela amakhowe, kungenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa liye lehla kancane kancane. I-mycelium, nalokhu kwehla kwezinga lokushisa, iqala inqubo yokukhula kokuzala. Amakhowe amaningi akhekile akhiqiza izinhlamvu ukuze akhe i-mycelium entsha.

Izimo zokuvuna amakhowe

Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni kwalolu shicilelo, ukuvunwa kwamakhowe kusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ukuze kuvikelwe hhayi kuphela izindawo ezinamahlathi, kodwa futhi imvelo kanye nezinhlobo ezithile. Okulandelayo, sichaza le mibandela ukuze ukwazi ukuyicabangela.

Ukuvuna kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle kokudala umonakalo ehlathini noma entabeni. ilingana ngokuphelele kwenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ukukha inhlabathi noma ukulimaza ingxenye ye-mycelium kwesikhunta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhowe ezinye izinhlobo ezingeke ziqoqwe akufanele zonakaliswe, ngoba zinomsebenzi wamahlathi futhi kwezinye izimo zinesithakazelo sesayensi.

Uma ukuvuna kuhlanganisa nokusiphula amakhowe ngokuphelele, Indawo eshintshiwe kufanele ishiywe isesimweni esihle kakhulu.. Imbobo edaliwe kufanele igcwaliswe ngomhlaba okhishwe ohlelweni lokukhipha amakhowe.

Uma ufuna ukuqoqa amakhowe, ungakhohlwa ukuletha ubhasikidi noma into esiza amakhowe ukuthi angenise umoya. Ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki, indwangu noma esinye isitsha esivimbela ukujuluka kanye nokuwa kwezinhlamvu akuvunyelwe.

zivinjelwe kokubili ukuqoqwa kwamaqanda avaliwe ezinhlobo ezithile zamakhowe, kanye ne ukuthenga nokuthengisa amakhowe ezintabeni noma emigwaqweni yasehlathini. Ngaphezu kokushiya udoti nokukhanyisa imililo.

Lapho ukha amakhowe, Kufanele uphathe imvume ehambisanayo. Labo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-14 akudingekile ukuba babe nale mvume. Kodwa uma befuna ukwenza lo msebenzi, kumelwe bahambisane nomuntu omdala onaye. Le mvume ngeyomuntu siqu futhi ayidluliseki.

Lezi ngezinye zezimo ezijwayelekile ezilandelwa yimiphakathi yonke ukuze ukuvunwa kwamakhowe kwenziwe ngendlela engcono kakhulu.

izinhlobo zamakhowe anobuthi

Kulesi sigaba uzothola a bhala namanye amakhowe anobuthi kakhulu zomhlaba. Khumbula ukuthi ungawadli amakhowe ongawazi futhi uzazise ngezinhlobo nemiphumela.

Fly swatter – Amanita Muscaria

Ikhowe elibomvu lakudala, elimbozwe amachashaza amancane amhlophe esiwabone sonke kumamuvi noma ezindabeni zezingane. Lelikhowe liqukethe into ekwazi ukubulala izimpukane, yingakho kuthiwa. Ebantwini, iyakwazi ukubangela ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla.

Boletus Sathane

Cishe ngamasentimitha angama-30 ububanzi, imibala ekhanyayo nenyama ewugqinsi namathoni amhlophe, uSathane weBoletus ingadliwa kakhulu, kodwa ingabulali Ungasitshela kanjani igama lakho?

I-Olive Mushroom - i-Omphalotus olearius

Esinye sezici eziphawulekayo zalolu hlobo lwamakhowe ukuthi ebumnyameni bukhiqiza ukukhanya kwamathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lolu hlobo lwamakhowe Ine-veiny futhi ivame ukudideka nezinye izinhlobo ezifana ne-Orange Chanterelle.

I-Blood Rusula – Russula sanguinea

Ngokuphikisana negama lawo, sibhekene nohlobo lwamakhowe anobuthi kodwa angabulali. Yabo imiphumela ngokuvamile ithinta uhlelo lokugaya ukudla futhi ziphelezelwa ubuhlungu obunzima endaweni yesisu.

Ibhonethi – Gyromitra Esculenta

Elinye lamakhowe elidale isixakaxaka sokuthi likulungele yini ukudliwa noma cha, njengoba kunezimo lapho abantu abathile bengazange bahlushwe khona, abanye badakwe. Ngakho-ke umphumela onobuthi wale khowa awuvamile, futhi ungabulala.

I-cappuccino eluhlaza - Amanita phalloides

Kungabulala uma ubuthi bungasukunyelwa kusenesikhathi.. Lelikhowe laziwa ngokuqeda impilo yoMbusi uClaudius kanye noPapa uClement VII. Amacala oshevu ovela ekusetshenzisweni kwaleli khowe avame kakhulu, ngoba angadideka nezinye izinhlobo ezifana ne-Agaricus arvensis.

White Cappuccino – Amanita Verna

Izibonelo ezincane azinalo iphunga, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zikhipha iphunga elibi. I Imiphumela ebulalayo yalolu hlobo lwamakhowe ifana nekepisi eliluhlaza elibonwe ngenhla.

I-Coiled Paxillus - Paxillus Involutus

Sekuyisikhathi eside lolu hlobo lwamakhowe lubhekwa njengokudliwayo, kodwa manje izinto sezishintshile. Le mushroom ingafinyelela bangela ubuthi obunzima uma ungaphekwanga isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Baningi abatusa ukuqoqwa kwaleli khowa.

I-Bleached Clitocybe - i-Clitocybe Dealbata

Ingxenye yesigqoko saleli mushroom ayifinyeleli amasentimitha angu-5 ububanzi. Okwakhe okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-muscarine, sikhuluma ngohlobo lwamakhowe anobuthi.

I-Clitocybe Phyllophila

Inyama emhlophe nentambo abaningi abathi inuka ufulawa omanzi. I-Clitocybe Phyllophila inobuthi obuphezulu.

I-Tricholoma Pardinum

Ngosayizi ongafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20 ububanzi, futhi ngenani elikhulu lenyama empunga efiphele, sikhuluma ngayo. i-mushroom ngaphakathi kweqembu elinobuthi, elikhiqiza i-gastroenteritis eqinile.

I-Mountain Cortinarius - Cortinarius orellanus

Kulokhu, yebo sikhuluma ngohlobo lwekhowe elibulalayo. Izimpawu zokudakwa zingase zithathe phakathi kwamasonto amathathu noma amane ukuze zibonakale, phakathi nalesi sikhathi ubuthi buhlasela izinso kancane kancane, buzibulale. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlobo lwamakhowe luyivelakancane kakhulu ukubonwa.

Monguis – Psilocybe semilanceata

Enye ye imiphumela ephawulekayo yokusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lwamakhowe anobuthi, umphumela we-hallucinogenic elikhiqizayo Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba leli khowa liqukethe i-psilocyna ne-psilocybin, izakhi ezimbili ezithinta isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi.

Amakhowe Akhohlisayo - Entoloma Sinuatum

Cishe ukuthi amakhowe amhlophe anobuthi kakhulu, okuthi ngezikhathi ezithile kungadideka ne-lepsia nebularis, okuyinto kuleli cala i-mushroom edliwayo ngokuphelele.

I-Galipierno yamanga - Amanita Pantherina

Ngosayizi ophakathi kuka-6 no-10 amasentimitha kanye nenyama emhlophe ekhipha iphunga lesithombo, lolu hlobo ibhekwa njengeyingozi kakhulu njengoba idala ubuthi obunzima kakhulungisho nasekufeni.

Entoloma Nidorosum

Enye yezinto ezivelele kakhulu zalolu hlobo lwamakhowe iphunga layo elinamandla le-nitrous. Lelikhowe elinobuthi liyakhiqiza i-gastroenteritis ngaphandle kokuba yingozi njengangaphambili.

I-Lepiota ebulalayo - Lepiota brunneoincarnata

Kulula kakhulu ukudideka nezinye izinhlobo zamakhowe adliwayo, kodwa lokhu kungabulala. Elinye lamacebiso anikezwa ochwepheshe ekukhani amakhowe ukuthi azikho izinhlobo ze-lepiota ezincane kuno-8 cm ububanzi ezidliwayo.

I-Smelly Amanita – Amanita Virosa

Ngomswakama, iba yi-viscous futhi ngesimo sezulu esomile samukela ukubukeka kwe-satin. Lolu hlobo lwamakhowe lukhipha iphunga elibi yingakho igama lalo. I Ukusetshenziswa kwaleli khowa kungadala ukufa ngenxa yobuthi balo obudlulele.

Inoculated Inocybe – Inocybe Patouillardii

Iphaphathekile, iminyene, inenyama futhi inosilika. Njengakwezinye izimo, inobuthi ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-muscaria. Ezimweni ezithile, kuye kwaba yimbangela yokudakwa okunobudlova, okubangela ngisho nokufa.

Clavaria – Ramaria Formosa

Inobuthi kodwa ayibulali. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ngenxa yobuthi baleli khowa, ezinye isifo sohudo esibi esithatha cishe izinsuku ezimbili kuze kube yilapho izinsalela zayo zisuswa ngokuphelele.

Usuvele wazi ngenxa yalolu hlu, amakhowe anobuthi akhona. Uma ungumqali ekuqoqeni amakhowe, ukuthwala umhlahlandlela omncane kuzokusiza ukuthi ungenzi amaphutha futhi uvimbele ubuthi obungenzeka. Khumbula, ukuthi kunoma yikuphi ukungabaza okuncane okungase kuvele nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamakhowe, kungcono ukuthi ungalithinti futhi ulishiye endaweni yalo.