Ezinye izingane zihlushwa i-vertigo, kodwa ezimweni eziningi, inkinga ixazulula ngokuzenzekelayo. Izimo ezingavamile kuphela okufanele zibangele ukukhathazeka.
i-vertigo Ezinganeni Kungenye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile ixazulula ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa-ke, indlela yokuzibona ibalulekile kunoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, noma ukuthola izimpawu zamanye ama-pathologies noma ukuphazamiseka okungelashwa ngesikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ziwuchungechunge lwezimpawu ezithile noma izimpawu ezingadideka nezinye izimo ezihlobene nobudala noma izifo ezikhona manje. Nansi-ke indlela yokuziphatha.
Indlela yokubona isiyezi ezinganeni
Ongoti bezingane ku Isibhedlela i-Bambino Gesu chaza lo muzwa ku ingane njengoba isiyezi ebonakala ngokungagxili, ubuthakathaka, ukuquleka. Kuyisikhalazo ezimeni eziningi futhi kungenzeka ngesiyezi nangaphandle. Ngaphandle kwayo, kubalulekile ukucosha ezinye izimpawu.
Isiyezi umuzwa obonakala ngemizwa ye ukungazinzi, ubuthakathaka, ukuquleka. Kuyisikhalazo ezimeni eziningi futhi kungenzeka noma ngaphandle kwesiyezi.
I-Vertigo iwukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela futhi ibonakala ngokuzwa ukuthi indawo ezungezile izungeza umzimba noma ukuthi umzimba uzungeza imvelo.
Kubangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu ye-vestibular (imisele ye-vestibular ne-semicircular) noma yesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi (i-brainstem, i-cerebellum, ne-vestibulospinal tract).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, kuhambisana i-nystagmus, okungukuthi, ukuthuthumela kwamehlo okusheshayo.
Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa i-migraine y izilinganiso ze-migraine (i-benign paroxysmal vertigo ebuntwaneni, ukugula kokunyakaza), ukulimala kwekhanda, nesifo sendlebe ephakathi (ukuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka).
Izimo zezingane azibucayi. Phakathi kwalokhu, i-benign paroxysmal vertigo (i-40% yamacala) kanye ne-vestibular migraine (i-18% yamacala) ivame kakhulu. Zombili lezi zimo zixhunywe nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-migraine.
Zingenzeka ngo-15-20%. izingane iminyaka yesikole.
Ezimweni eziningi bethula ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kahle kwe-vestibular (pseudovertigo).
Lo muzwa wokufuduka komzimba maqondana nendawo ezungezile noma imvelo maqondana nomzimba uzibonakalisa ngezindlela ezithile.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi nokuthi singazibona kanjani.
Kunini lapho i-benign paroxysmal vertigo yobuntwana?
Lolu hlobo yimbangela evame kakhulu ezinganeni futhi ibonakala ikakhulukazi ukuhlasela okufushane nokuphindaphindayo i-vertigo enzima kanye nokungakwazi ukugcina isikhundla somzimba nokulinganisela (ukungazinzi kwe-postural), okuhambisana nezinye izimpawu, njenge:
- ukwesaba;
- i-nystagmus;
- isicanucanu;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukuphaphatheka kwesikhumba
Abazali bangase bakuqaphele lokho ingane ehlaselwa yi-vertigo izovame ukufuna ukusekelwa ukuze ingawi.
Lokhu kudlikiza kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, ngaphandle kwembangela esobala eyimbangela, futhi ixazulula ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kwesikhashana esingahluka ukusuka emaminithini ambalwa ukuya emahoreni ambalwa. Zingenzeka ngamaqoqo ngezinsuku ezilandelanayo ezinganeni eziphile kahle.
Leli fomu lenzeka ezinganeni eziphakathi kweminyaka yobudala 2 kanye 6 iminyaka, nakuba ingase ibonakale nasenkathini yakamuva. Amacala ngokuvamile abe nawo umlando womndeni we-migraine kanye nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngokuphelele kwezinzwa phakathi kokuhlaselwa.
Ngokuvamile ziyanyamalala ngokukhula, kodwa izingane eziye zahlushwa zingase ziveze ubuhlungu bekhanda obunezici ze-migraine ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho neminyaka eminingi ngemva kokuxazulula i-vertigo.
Inini i-vestibular migraine?
Le nkinga, nokho, ivamise ukuvela ku ebuntwaneni (phakathi kweminyaka eyi-7 neyi-12) noma ebusheni. Iziqephu zinezici eziqondile kakhulu:
Baveza nge i-vertigo yokuqina okuqinile okuphakathi, ngendlela yokuthi iphazamise noma ivimbele ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi evamile yokuphila kwansuku zonke;
Zihlala phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 namahora angama-72 futhi ziyimvelo eqhubekayo, enomuzwa ongamanga wokuthi zinyakaza noma ukuthi indawo ezungezile iyanyakaza;
Nabo babona kusengaphambili izimpawu zekhanda enezici ze-migraine, ezifana: iziqephu zekhanda elibuhlungu, nokungakhululeki okuhambisana nezibani nomsindo, isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza.
Kunini lapho i-vestibular neuritis?
Kulokhu kungu inqubo yokuvuvukala eyingozi lokho kuthinta i i-vestibular nerve (i-acoustic nerve) futhi iboniswa ngu:
- Ukuqala okungazelelwe kwe-vertigo ejikelezayo;
- i-nystagmus engaguquki ezenzakalelayo (ukunyakaza kwamehlo okuvundlile noma okujikelezayo);
- ubunzima ekulinganiseni;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
I-Vestibular neuritis ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokutheleleka ngegciwane kwakamuva futhi ilandisa phakathi 10 kanye no-13% amacala e-vertigo ezingane.
Inini i-benign positional vertigo?
Lolu hlobo lwe-vertigo luvela ngokuzumayo. Igama lendawo likhombisa lokho uzizwe unesiyezi lapho ushintsha indawo, kulandela ukunyakaza okuthile kwekhanda.
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ekuseni uma uvuka embhedeni, ebusuku lapho uyolala lapho uthatha indawo yokulala noma uphendulela ikhanda lakho phezu komcamelo, noma ugobe ukuze ucoshe okuthile.
Inkinga ivela nsuku zonke, njalo, ilandela ukunyakaza kwekhanda futhi ibangele ukungazinzi okuncane.
Uma i-vertigo yenzeka, ishube kakhulu, inikeze umuzwa wokuthi umuntu uyanyakaza nokuthi indawo ezungezile nayo iyajikeleza.
Ithatha imizuzwana embalwa, imizuzu embalwa kakhulu, kodwa inodlame futhi ibonakala ngokukhula kanye nokwehla kwethrendi.
Kungase kuhambisane nokunyakaza kwamehlo okuzenzakalelayo nokungavamile, i-nystagmus.
Ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana ne-vertigo zingaba:
- Isicanucanu;
- hlanza;
- tachycardia;
- ukujuluka
Umshini uwukuba khona kwamakristalu e-calcium carbonate (okuthiwa i-otoliths) endlebeni yangaphakathi.
Ebuntwaneni akuvamile futhi ngokuvamile kuhlobene a ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda yakamuva emahoreni angu-24-48 edlule (izingozi zasekhaya, ezemidlalo, ukulimala esikoleni).
Inini i-infantile torticollis?
Kubizwa i-paroxysmal torticollis Kuyisimo esihle, esizimele esibonakala ngeziqephu eziphindaphindiwe zokutsheka kwekhanda ngokuvamile okuhambisana nokuhlanza, ukuphaphatheka, ukucasuka, i-ataxia, noma ukozela okuvame ukuveza ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila.
Ukuhlasela komuntu ngamunye ngokuvamile amahora wokugcina, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezinsuku.
Zivame ukwenzeka kancane njengoba ingane ikhula futhi zinyamalale ezimweni eziningi ngaphakathi Iminyaka engu-5.
I-pathogenesis yalesi simo ayaziwa, kangangokuthi ibhekwa "njenge-migraine equivalent".
Kungani kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimbangela nezimpawu?
Ezimweni eziningi, lapho inkinga ithinta izingane, ivame ukuzixazulula yona. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimpawu, ngoba ukukhetha ukwelashwa kuncike kuhlobo lwe-vertigo ingane ehlushwa yiyo.
Eqinisweni, udokotela wezinzwa kufanele anikezwe lonke ulwazi oluwusizo lokuthatha umlando ngokucophelela kanye nokuvakasha okunembe ngokulinganayo kwezinzwa.
Ukuze uthole ukwakhiwa kabusha okunemininingwane kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimbangela nezici ezihambisanayo, njenge:
- Ukunyakaza;
- i-nystagmus noma izinguquko zesikhundla (kulokhu kuyasiza ukubonisana ne-otolaryngologist noma ukwenza i-electronystagmography);
- isikhundla sekhanda;
- ukuhlukumezeka, ukuphuka, i-whiplash;
- izifo zendlebe ephakathi;
- ukuhamba ngemoto, isikebhe noma indiza;
- ukuba khona okungenzeka komlando wekhanda esigulini noma emndenini wakhe.
Lapho izimpawu zingacacile?
Ezinganeni ezincane ezingakwazi ukuchaza izimpawu zabo, umlando wokuphazamiseka kwe-gait noma i-nystagmus ungase ubonise isiyezi. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu kuhlola kokuqala, isidingo sokuhlolwa kwezinsimbi ngokuvamile siyasungulwa.
Kunini lapho izimpawu zivame khona?
Imvelo ephindaphindiwe yesiyezi ngokuvamile iqondisa udokotela ekuxilongweni kwe i-migraine noma okulinganayo kwe-migraine.
Izingane kanye nentsha ene-vestibular migraine kufanele ithunyelwe ku-neurologist (okungcono isikhungo sekhanda lezingane) ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okungenzeka futhi kulandelwe. Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngesihloko se-migraine, ungabheka isihloko sethu umehluko phakathi kwesiyezi kanye ne-vertigo.
Kunini lapho isiyezi singavamile?
Endabeni yeziqephu ezingavamile, kungenzeka ukuthi i-benign paroxysmal vertigo, ehlala ixazulula ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokukhula.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-benign positional vertigo kwenziwa ngokubheka ukubukeka kwe-nystagmus, ngakho-ke ukunyakaza kwamehlo, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwemizwa.
Kufanele sikhathazeke nini?
Uma isicanucanu nokuhlanza kuyizimpawu ezingezona eziqondile, ezihambisana ne-vertigo enamandla kakhulu, udokotela kufanele anikeze ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze akhiphe ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi kube nezimila noma ama-pathologies amakhulu kakhulu.
Iminyaka yesiguli nayo ibalulekile ekuqondiseni ukuxilongwa okuhlukile. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5 ubudala zivame ukuba ne-otitis media eyinkimbinkimbi, i-benign paroxysmal vertigo, noma, ngokungajwayelekile, i-paroxysmal infantile torticollis.
Isizathu esivame kakhulu sesiyezi ezinganeni zasenkulisa kanye nesesikoleni sihlala sine-benign paroxysmal vertigo. Nakuba izingane ezineminyaka engu-13 nangaphezulu zivame ukutholakala ukuthi zine-vestibular migraine.
Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10 azivamile ukuba ne-multiple sclerosis noma isifo sika-Ménière, isifo esibonakala ngokuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe kokukhubaza i-vertigo, ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe okuguquguqukayo (kumaza aphansi), nomsindo endlebeni (i-tinnitus). Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngeso elibi, cabanga ukuhlola umhlahlandlela wethu ku Ungazi kanjani ukuthi ngineso elibi.
Abazali kufanele baziphathe kanjani?
Phakathi neziqephu ze-vertigo kubalulekile iqinise ingane ukuthi ungathola inzuzo ku ukuphuka.
izinguquko zokuziphatha y indlela yokuphila Ziwusizo, ikakhulukazi ukugwema izikhundla noma ukunyakaza okubangela ukuhlaselwa kwe-vertigo.
I-Vestibular neuritis iphathwa ngemithi esetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuhlanza kanye ne-cortisone isikhathi esifushane. Ukuze ulawule kangcono ingcindezi phakathi nalezi ziqephu, ungahlola amasu okulawula ukucindezeleka.
Uma kukhulunywa ngezifo ezindlebeni, ama-antibiotics nama-antihistamine ayadingeka.