Uma unesifiso sokufunda ngeGibhithe, umlando walo, kanye namasiko alo , qhubeka ufunda lesi sihloko. Sizokutshela amaqiniso athakazelisayo kakhulu ngaleli lizwe, elixhumanisa iNyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika kanye neMpumalanga Ephakathi. Isiko laseGibhithe lingenye yamasiko ahlukahlukene kakhulu emhlabeni futhi lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: lasendulo nelanamuhla.
Isiko laseGibhithe lihlale livusa ilukuluku kubantu abaningi ngenxa yezinto eziphawulekayo ezitholwe kulo, indlela yokuphila, nezinye izici ezithakazelisayo. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabadwebi bezinto zakudala abangochwepheshe kanye nabavubukuli kukho konke uphenyo lwabo kanye nokuthola kwabo, sifunda okuthile okusha ngendlela yabo yokuphila eminyakeni eminingi edlule.
Ifa lamasiko aleli zwe lathonya iNtshonalanga, njengoba kungabonakala ekhalendeni layo, emikhubeni yokungcwaba, kanye nomqondo womphefumulo. Ukuqonda la masiko, izindlela zokucabanga, kanye nezindlela zokuphila kubalulekile uma unesithakazelo emlandweni namasiko ezinye izindawo noma ufuna nje ukuhamba uye ezweni ufunde ngakho konke okukuyo.
Umlando weGibhithe lasendulo: Geography
Umthombo: https://es.wikipedia.org/
IGibhithe itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yezwekazi lase-Afrika . Ngenxa yendawo yalo, lihlukaniswe namanye amazwe. Leli zwe lisemngceleni weLibya Desert ngasentshonalanga, empumalanga yi-Arabian Desert, enyakatho yiMedithera Sea, kanye naseningizimu yi-Ethiopian Highlands kanye neNubian Desert.
Ngaphezu kwale mingcele, uMfula iNayile ugeleza usuka eningizimu uye enyakatho udlule ezweni . Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lo mfula wawubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwempucuko yaseGibhithe. Waziwa ngokuthi umfula wonkulunkulu, uyahlonishwa ngabantu baseGibhithe . Amanzi agcwalisa usebe lwawo anika impilo esigodini osivikelayo.
Ukugeleza komfula akuvamile, njengoba imvula iwuthinta ngqo, okubangela izikhukhula. Lezi zikhukhula ziwusizo ekuvundeni; isivuno esiningi sincike ekugcwaleni komfula. Lapho lezi zenzakalo zenzeka, iGibhithe iba izwe elicebile ngokudla nelivundile.
Ukuze balawule amanzi angena eNayile ngemva kwezikhukhula, abaseGibhithe baqala ukwakha imithombo enezimpawu ezibonisa izinga lamanzi ; le mithombo yayaziwa ngokuthi amaNilometer. Uma izikhukhula zazibeka impilo noma izitshalo zabo engozini, bakha ama-dike, uhlelo olwaqhubeka lusetshenziswa kwaze kwaba yikhulu lama-20.
IGibhithe laba umphakathi oseduze nemifula, kangangokuthi imidwebo ehlobene nomfula, ukudoba, imvula, njll., itholakala emathuneni ayo. Lezi ziphepho zathinta ngqo umphakathi waseGibhithe, zadala izinkolelo-ze nezinkolelo zokuthi onkulunkulu babehlobene nalezi zimo zemvelo.
Izifunda zemvelo zaleli zwe yiNayile Valley, iDelta, izingwadule ezisempumalanga nasentshonalanga, futhi ekugcineni, iNhlonhlo yaseSinayi.
Umlando WeGibhithe Lasendulo: Ukubukeka kokubhala
Indaba yokuvela kokubhala iqala cishe ngo-3000 BC. AbaseGibhithe babekholelwa ukuthi ukubonakala kwayo kwakuwumsebenzi wonkulunkulu bokuhlakanipha , ikakhulukazi uThoth. Ekubhalweni kwaseGibhithe, sithola izinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene.
Okokuqala kwalokhu ukubhala nge-hieroglyphic , okuwumbhalo owaziwa kakhulu kuleli siko. Ngokuvamile wawuhlotshaniswa nezikhumbuzo futhi wenziwa ngokukhululeka . Ukuhumusha lolu hlobo lokubhala kunzima kakhulu ngoba ngezinye izikhathi wawufundwa usuka kolunye uhlangothi uye kolunye noma ngokuphambene nalokho.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwesikripthi luyi-hieratic , isitayela esifingqiwe kakhulu kunaleso esisanda kusibona. Lesi sikripthi sasivame ukusetshenziswa empilweni yansuku zonke futhi sivela emibhalweni eyahlukahlukene.
Ekugcineni, kukhona umbhalo we-Demotic , othandwa kakhulu futhi owavela ekugcineni . Lo mbhalo wawusetshenziswa kuleli zwe kwaze kwaba yilapho amaRoma ehlasela.
Ukubhala kube ithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu lokuqonda nokuthola iGibhithe . Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi iRosetta Stone yayiyisisekelo sokuqonda kwethu isiko laseGibhithe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esinye isenzakalo esibalulekile sale mpucuko kwaba ukuvulwa kwethuna lokuqala ngo-1923, ithuna likaTutankhamun, ongafunda kabanzi ngalo encwadini yethu ethuneni likaTutankhamun nendawo yalo ngaphakathi komongo womnotho waseGibhithe Lasendulo.
I-Egypt: Umphakathi Nezombangazwe
Izinkinga ezimbili zomphakathi uhulumeni waleli lizwe okumele abhekane nazo ukwenyuka kwezindleko zokuphila kanye nokwanda kokwehla kwamandla emali , ikakhulukazi ngokufika kobhubhane eminyakeni engaphezu kwemi-3 eyedlule.
IGibhithe, ngokoMthethosisekelo wayo, iyiRiphabhulikhi yama-Arabhu esekelwe ohlelweni lwezepolitiki lwentando yeningi . Inkolo esemthethweni yesifundazwe yi-Islam, futhi izimiso zayo zomthetho zisekelwe encwadini yayo engcwele, i-Quran.
Amandla okushaya imithetho anikezwe iSigungu Sabantu , esikhethwa njalo eminyakeni emihlanu isikhathi esisodwa futhi sakhiwe amalungu angu-450, kanye namalungu engeziwe angu-15 aqokwe nguMongameli. Izikhathi zesikhundla ziyiminyaka eyisithupha, kodwa uMongameli angasichitha iSigungu ngemvume yabantu ngereferendum.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amandla okuphatha asetshenziswa yiKhansela LoNgqongqoshe . Umongameli uqoka ngokukhululeka amasekela akhe kanye nongqongqoshe. UMongameli weRiphabhulikhi ubhekwa njengeNhloko Yezwe kanye noMkhuzi Omkhulu Wezempi Yezwe.
Ngokuphathelene nohlelo lwezobulungiswa lwaseGibhithe, aluzimele kwamanye amagatsha kahulumeni . Lawa mandla okwahlulela abuyekezwa yiNkantolo Ephakeme kanye noMkhandlu Wezwe.
IGibhithe liyizwe elinabantu abaningi kakhulu emhlabeni wama-Arabhu , elinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-104 abahlala kuleli lizwe kanye nabantu abacishe babe yizigidi ezingu-10 abavela kwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima yebutho yayibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwalo futhi kuyisihloko esithakazelisayo okufanele sisihlole.
Isiko laseGibhithe: curiosities kanye namasiko
Kulesi sigaba, sizokutshela ngamaqiniso athakazelisayo okufanele uwazi ngaleli siko, kanye namasiko alo kanye nezindawo okufanele uzibone uma uya emaphandleni.
Inkolo
Emasikweni aseGibhithe lasendulo, onkulunkulukazi abahlukahlukene babekhulekelwa ngemikhosi yemilingo . Laba onkulunkulu babeboniswa ngemizimba yabantu namakhanda ezilwane. Abanye onkulunkulu abakhulekelwa ngale ndlela bahlanganisa uHorus, u-Anubis, u-Isis, u-Osiris, noRa.
Namuhla, inkolo evelele eGibhithe yi-Islam , njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, futhi iyinkolo esemthethweni yezwe. Kukhona namaqembu enkolo amaKatolika aseKhaledi kanye namaKristu angamaCoptic noma ama-Orthodox ase-Armenia.
ubuciko nezakhiwo
Sonke siyazazi izipiramidi ezidumile zaseGibhithe, ama-mastaba, ama-hypogea, namathempeli ayizinto ezidumile zezwe. Kunezipiramidi ezingaba ngu-40 ezazigcina amathuna oFaro nemindeni yabo. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukwakhiwa kwalezi zakhiwo ezimangalisayo, ungabheka incwadi yethu mayelana nokwakhiwa kwezipiramidi zaseGibhithe.
Kulabo abangajwayelekile, ama-mastaba amathuna lapho amadoda ayengcwatshwa khona ngemva kokugqunywa . Ama-Hypogea avame ukutholakala eduze kwezintaba futhi ayehloselwe ukungcwatshwa kwabantu abahloniphekile emphakathini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amathempeli ayizakhiwo ezakhelwe ukukhulekelwa konkulunkulu.
Ubuciko baseGibhithe bubonakala ngokusebenzisa kwabo kokubili izimpawu zenkolo nezomngcwabo . Ubuciko babusebenza njengendlela yokucabanga ngonkulunkulu ngamunye ababebakhulekela, bebanika izakhi ezahlukene. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngobuciko baseGibhithe kanye nokuvela kwabo, ungafunda ngomlando wobuciko.
Ezimweni eziningi zobuciko zalesi siko, sithola ukuthi eminye yemibhalo esiyikhulume ngenhla yasetshenziswa , nokuthi yenziwe ngomhlanga ocijile kanye nohlobo oluthile lweyinki.
Comida
Umthombo: https://es.wikipedia.org/
Lesi sifunda saziwa ngokudla kwaso okumnandi ; ezinye zezitsha ezidumile kakhulu yi-kushari, i-fattah, kanye ne-shawarma edumile. Isiko laseGibhithe linamasiko amaningana esidlo sakusihlwa okubalulekile ukuwazi ukuze ungabi namahloni.
EGibhithe, kuyisiko ukudla ngesandla sokudla , esisetshenziselwa imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isandla sokhohlo sibhekwa njengesandla sokwenza imisebenzi engcolile.
Uma ufuna imizuzwana embalwa yesidlo, unganqikazi ; eGibhithe, lokhu kubhekwa njengokuncoma okukhulu. Ezingxenyeni eziningi zezwe, bazogcwalisa ipuleti lakho ngaphandle kokuthi ubuze. Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda ngezimpawu zaseGibhithe nezincazelo zazo.
Izembatho
Liyizwe eligcina imithetho, njengamazwe amaningi ama-Arabhu. Ayikho imithetho eqondile mayelana nendlela okufanele sigqoke ngayo, kodwa kunconywa ukugqoka izingubo ezifudumele, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane. Kwezinye izakhiwo, kuyimpoqo ukumboza ikhanda, amahlombe, namadolo ukuze ungacasuli muntu.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukubonakaliswa kothando esidlangalaleni ngokuvamile kuyacasulwa eGibhithe futhi kubhekwa njengokungafanele kuye ngokuthi indawo ikuphi.
Isethulo
Uma ubingelela umuntu wobulili obufanayo, ngokuvamile kuba ngokuxhawulana . Kodwa uma umazi kangcono, ungamangali uma ekunika ukwanga kabili. Lapho ebingelela umuntu wobulili obuhlukile, owesifazane angase elule isandla sakhe endodeni, noma angase akhothamise ikhanda lakhe ngenhlonipho.
Izindawo ongazivakashela e-Egypt
I-Egypt iyizwe elimangalisayo eligcwele ubuhle, umlando kanye nemvelo. Inezindawo ezahlukene ongavakashela kuzo yingakho sikushiyela uhlu oluncane oluhamba phambili.
Amaphiramidi aseGiza
Esinye sezimangaliso ezinkulu ozozithola kuleli lizwe yiso kuphela esisamile, esimelela ingxenye endala yomlando waseGibhithe. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukubaluleka kwayo ngokomlando, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola okuthunyelwe kwethu ngamaphiramidi kanye nokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokungcwaba.
UMfula iNayile
Ukuhamba ngomkhumbi eMfuleni iNayile kuyinto okungafanele uyiphuthelwe uma uya eGibhithe . Kubhekwa njengomgogodla wezwe nendawo lapho umlando nemvelo kuhlangana khona.
amathempeli asendulo
Ukuhamba ogwini loMfula iNayile ngomunye wemikhumbi yayo yokuvakasha kuyindlela ephephile yokuvakashela amathempeli amangalisayo kaFaro. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngamathempeli okumele uwabone, vakashela isihloko sethu mayelana namathempeli abaluleke kakhulu eGibhithe.
isigodi samakhosi
Indawo ethule nengamukeleki, kanye nenye indawo okumele uyibone lapho uvakashela eGibhithe. Uzothola amathuna oFaro, izindlovukazi, kanye nabanye abantu ababalulekile . Le ndawo ibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni waseGibhithe, futhi ukuhlola izici zayo zomlando nezinganekwane kungaba yinto ethakazelisayo.
idolobha lasecairo
Ukuvakashela i-Islamic Quarter yaseCairo kuyinto ebalulekile . Uzobona ama-mosque, izimakethe, iminyuziyamu, kanye nezinye izinto eziningi ezikhangayo ezenza kube yinto enconywa kakhulu.
Ezinye izindawo ongazivakashela uma uya kuleli zwe izingwadule ezihlukene, iNhlonhlo YaseSinayi, uLwandle Olubomvu, i-Alexandria, nezinye izindawo eziningi ezingagcini nje ngokuqoqa ubuhle kodwa nomlando wonke.