Izinkanyezi nezindawo zazo ziye zasiza ekuqondiseni isintu kusukela kudala, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi impucuko injani. Izinkanyezi ezidumile kakhulu , lezo ezibonakala kalula, zaziyisihluthulelo sokwazi ukuthi iyiphi indlela okufanele uhambe ngayo. Namuhla sikulethela lezo zinkanyezi ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngazo.
Ngokwesiko, izinkanyezi ezahlukene esibhakabhakeni ziye zaxhunyaniswa ngemigqa engabonakali, zakha izithombe ezisivumela ukuthi sihlale sizithola futhi sakhe amaqoqo ezinkanyezi. Lezi zithombe zazihlobene nesiko lempucuko ngayinye. Lolu lwazi lusadluliselwa kithi nanamuhla, futhi abaningi bakuthola kuthakazelisa futhi kujabulisa ukubuka isibhakabhaka esicacile sifuna lezi zithombe nezinkanyezi zazo.
Imilaza edume kakhulu
Kunezinkanyezi eziqashelwa ngokusemthethweni ezingu-88 . Iningi lazo lihlobene nesiko lamaGreki, futhi phakathi kwezinkanyezi ezizakhayo, kukhona eyodwa evelele ngaphezu kwezinye futhi yileyo evumela ukuthi izinkanyezi zitholakale.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kuye ngokuthi uhlalaphi emhlabeni, amanye amaqoqo ezinkanyezi ngeke abonakale. Lokhu kuwahlukanisa ngezigaba ezimbili: eningizimu nasenyakatho. Eyokuqala ibonakala eNingizimu Yenkabazwe, kanti eyesibili ibonakala eNyakatho Yenkabazwe. Ungafunda kabanzi ngamaqoqo ezinkanyezi aseningizimu kulesi sixhumanisi.
Okulandelayo, sizokhuluma ngezinkanyezi eziyisikhombisa ezibaluleke kakhulu noma ezaziwa kakhulu, kodwa futhi mayelana nezinkanyezi zezinkanyezi, nazo ezingenye edume kakhulu.
Bhele Elikhulu
Njengoba ibonakala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, imigqa eyihlanganisayo iyenza ibonakale njenge-dipper , yingakho igama layo elinye. Leli qoqo lezinkanyezi lalibaluleke kakhulu ngoba liyabonakala unyaka wonke futhi lisivumela ukuthi sithole iNkanyezi YaseNyakatho, ehlala ikhomba enyakatho. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukubaluleka kwayo, ungafunda ngeNkanyezi YaseNyakatho.
Ngokusho kwezinganekwane zamaGreki , uCallisto wayengunkulunkulukazi uZeus athandana naye, futhi ngokushesha wakhulelwa. Esaba ulaka lomkakhe uHera, uZeus waguqula uCallisto waba yibhere. Kamuva, u-Arcas wazalwa futhi waphathiswa amaPleiades ukuze akhuliswe. Ekugcineni wayezoba yinkosi yase-Arcas. Ehlukanisiwe nendodana yakhe, uCallisto washona ngenxa yosizi, kwathi uZeus wanquma ukumguqula abe yiBig Dipper esibhakabhakeni njengophawu lokubonga kwakhe ngothando lwakhe. Lapho u-Arcas efa, waguqulwa waba yiLittle Dipper, futhi ndawonye bahlala bengafi emazulwini.
IBhele elincane
Ifana ngesimo se-Big Dipper, kodwa i-dipper iboniswa ibheke phansi futhi incane , yingakho igama layo libizwa kanjalo. Inkanyezi ekhanya kakhulu kuleli qoqo lezinkanyezi yi -Polaris, i-North Star . Isihluthulelo sokuhamba eNyakatho Nenkabazwe unyaka wonke sasiphakathi kwalezi zinkanyezi ezimbili. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezici zezinkanyezi, ungavakashela lesi sixhumanisi.
I-Orión
Eyaziwa nangokuthi "umzingeli ," ingabonakala kuzo zombili izingxenye zomhlaba, yingakho ibaluleke kakhulu. Izinkanyezi zayo, uma zixhunyiwe, zimelela indoda (umzingeli) enesikhali nesihlangu.
Kakade e-Odyssey (cishe ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC) uHomer wakhuluma ngalo mlaza. Leli gama linikezwa ngoba ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki u-Orion uyindodana kankulunkulu uPoseidon, wayengumzingeli omkhulu ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki futhi wayaziwa ngokukhipha izilo emhlabeni.
Nokho, ngokushesha ukuziqhenya kwaphenduka ukuzikhukhumeza futhi waqala ukuba umuntu ozidlayo owavusa ulaka lukankulunkulukazi uHera, owayala uScorpio ukuba amlume esithendeni. U-Orion wambulala ngenduku yakhe futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi bobabili bayizitha ngakho-ke banezikhundla eziphambene ezulwini. Lapho i-Scorpio ibonakala, i-Orion iyacasha.
Eduze kwaleli qoqo lezinja kukhona izinja zalo zokuzingela: iCanis Major kanye neCanis Minor. Ungafunda kabanzi ngazo esihlokweni sethu mayelana neqoqo lezinja zezulu.
Esinye isici sale nkanyezi yinkanyezi yayo ebomvu ekhanyayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi le nkanyezi isivele isebenzise iningi lamandla enuzi eliyinika amandla. Sikhuluma ngeBetelgeuse, inkanyezi enkulu kakhulu futhi engeyeshumi ekhanya kakhulu endaweni yonke.
Nokho, iBetelgeuse akuyona inkanyezi ekhanya kakhulu e-Orion; lowo mehluko ungokaRigel, inkanyezi yesikhombisa ekhanya kakhulu esibhakabhakeni. URigel angabonakala onyaweni lomzingeli, kanti uBetelgeuse usehlombe lakhe.
UCanis Major
I-Sirius iyinkanyezi ekhanya kakhulu esibhakabhakeni sonke. Le nkanyezi yayikhulekelwa ezikhathini zasendulo ngabaseGibhithe. I-Sirius iyingxenye yeqoqo lezinkanyezi elibunjwe njengenja. Ukubaluleka kwayo kuye kwaqhubeka iminyaka eminingi, futhi ungafunda kabanzi ngamagama ezinkanyezi kusayithi lethu.
ICassiopeia
Ingenye yezinkanyezi ezidumile esibhakabhakeni futhi ibonakala kuwo womabili ama-hemispheres. Yiqiniso, kuye ngokuthi i-hemisphere esizithola kuyo, sizoyibona ngesimo "W" noma "M". Lo mlaza uhlale uphawula enyakatho, ngakho-ke noma nini lapho i-Big Dipper ingabonakali, kwakubalulekile ukuthola i-Cassiopeia ukuze uziqondise.
Inezinkanyezi ezimbili ezikhanya kakhulu emthaleni : iRho Cassiopeiae kanye ne-V509 Cassiopeiae. Ziyizinkanyezi ezimbili eziphuzi ezinkulu kakhulu.
Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokubona iCassiopeia kungo-Okthoba. Ungafunda ngezinkanyezi zezinkanyezi kanye nobudlelwano bazo nenyanga kulesi sixhumanisi.
Ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki, uCassiopeia ungunina ka-Andromeda nonkosikazi wenkosi yaseTopiya uCepheus. Wayemuhle waze wafaniswa namaNereids, amadodakazi olwandle futhi aziwa njengezidalwa ezinhle kakhulu. Lokhu kwavusa ulaka lukaPoseidon, owathumela inunu yasolwandle ukuba iyocekela phansi iTopiya. Bethukile, babuza kumshumayeli, owanquma ukuthi okuwukuphela kwendlela yokudambisa ulaka lwasolwandle iwukuba banikele ngendodakazi yabo u-Andromeda njengomhlatshelo. Nokho, iqhawe uPerseus, ebuya ekubulaleni Gorgon, wathunjwa owesifazane osemusha futhi wasebenzisa ikhanda Medusa ukunqoba lesi silo. Ekugcineni laba basha ababili bashada.
Kodwa uPoseidon wayezimisele ukuthi uCassiopeia kufanele ajeziswe. Wathumela uCassiopeia ezulwini esihlalweni, kangangokuthi ingxenye yesikhathi yayibheke phansi.
ILyra
Igama lezinsimbi zomculo zaleli qoqo lezinkanyezi livela ekuhlotshanisweni kwalo no-Orpheus. Isimo salo sinjengesikwele esingalingani, ekugcineni kwaso kukhanya uVega , enye yezinkanyezi ezikhanya kakhulu esibhakabhakeni.
Ihabhu lika-Orpheus laliyinsimbi eyenziwe uHermes ngegobolondo lofudu njengesipho kunkulunkulu u-Apollo. Kuthiwa bekuyihabhu lokuqala emlandweni. Kwakuzodlulela ezandleni zika-Orpheus ngoba wayeyindodana ka-Apollo kanye nomnyuziyamu uCalliope.
Kuthiwa umculo ka-Orpheus wawumuhle kakhulu kangangokuthi wawungakhanga noma yini, futhi wawuwukuphela kwento eyayikwazi ukuthulisa amazwi amaSiren ayelinga ama-Argonauts. Ihabhu lakhe, ikakhulukazi, lalizomsiza ohambweni lwakhe oluya ezweni labafileyo ukuze azame ukubuyisa umkakhe, u-Eurydice. Lapho ehluleka, wafa ngenxa yosizi, uZeus wabeka ihabhu lakhe emazulwini.
isiphambano sasenyakatho
Mhlawumbe enye yezindawo okunzima kakhulu ukuyithola ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane kanye nokukhanya kwayo okuphansi. Ibonakala kuphela enyakatho yezwe futhi iseduze kakhulu nenkabazwe yasezulwini. Isimo sayo sifana ne-semicircle.
Yayisetshenziswa amatilosi ayehamba ngalawo manzi, futhi yiwona ayiqamba. Yaqala ukuvela kumashadi ezinkanyezi kusukela ngekhulu le-16 kuqhubeke. Funda kabanzi ngokubaluleka kwezinkanyezi ekuzulazuleni.
Kokubili ngesimo nangegama lihlotshaniswa nenkolo.
imilaza yezinkanyezi
Ngayinye yayizomelela olunye lwezimpawu ze-zodiac. Ngakho-ke sikhuluma ngezinkanyezi eziyishumi nambili: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius namaPisces. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalesi sihloko, ungavakashela ikhasi elimayelana .
Namuhla, ngobuchwepheshe obusizungezile, kulula kakhulu ukuthola yonke le milaza njengoba ingumlaza odume kakhulu. Njengoba? Ngosizo lwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zezinkanyezi ezitholakalayo, ungazithola noma ngabe ukuphi emhlabeni.
Ngakho-ke uma ubona isibhakabhaka sikhanya, sibheke kahle futhi uthole yonke le milaza, kwazi bani? Mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku uphelelwa ibhethri kuselula yakho futhi uyayidinga ukuze uziqondise njengoba kuye kwenziwa kuso sonke isintu.