Uma kuxoxwa nge-cannabis, abadlali ababili abaphambili abafanayo cishe bavela njalo: I-THC ne-CBD, ama-cannabinoid aziwa kakhulu futhi afundwe kakhulu yesitshalo. Esinye singemuva kwensangu yakudala "ephezulu", esinye sesidumile ngezicelo zayo zokwelapha ezingaba khona ngaphandle kokushintsha ingqondo. Kodwa ngale kwamagama avamile, iqiniso liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi liyathakazelisa.
Kuyo yonke le ndatshana sizoyichaza ngokuthula Ziyini ngempela i-THC ne-CBD, zisebenza kanjani emzimbeni, yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi ezinazo, futhi zihluke kanjani ezingeni lamakhemikhali, lezomthetho, nelezokwelapha?Futhi isayensi yakamuva ithini ngokusetshenziswa kwayo? Umqondo uwukuthi ekugcineni uzoba nokuqonda okucacile ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi, ngaphandle kwezinganekwane noma ukwethuka, kodwa futhi ngaphandle kokudukiswa.
Yini i-THC ne-CBD esitshalweni se-cannabis?
Isitshalo sensangu (ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwe-cannabis sativaIqukethe amakhemikhali angaphezu kwekhulu abizwa ngokuthi ama-cannabinoid. Phakathi kwawo, I-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) kanye ne-cannabidiol (CBD) yizona ezitholakala kakhulu futhi ezicwaningwe kahle kakhulu.yize kungebona bodwa ababangela imiphumela yesitshalo.
Zombili lezi zinhlanganisela zivela ezintweni eziluhlaza ezifanayo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, kodwa Azisatshalaliswa ngendlela efanayo kuzo zonke izinhloboIzitshalo ezitshalwe njengensangu zivame ukukhonjiswa amazinga aphezulu e-THC kanye ne-CBD encane, kuyilapho i-hemp yezimboni ikhethwa ngendlela ephambene nalokho: i-CBD ephezulu kanye namazinga amancane e-THC, ngaphansi kwemingcele esemthethweni.
Nakuba imvelaphi yazo yezitshalo iyafana, Ukuziphatha kwe-THC ne-CBD emzimbeni kuhluke kakhuluEqinisweni, iningi lesithakazelo sezokwelapha samanje ku-cannabis lisekelwe ngqo ekusebenziseni leli thuba phakathi kwe-cannabinoid ecacile ukuthi iyasebenza engqondweni kanye nenye engenzi injabulo, kodwa ebonakala inemiphumela ebalulekile emtholampilo.
Ngokombono wamakhemikhali, I-THC ne-CBD zabelana ngefomula efanayo yama-molecule (C21H30O2)ngama-athomu e-carbon angu-21, ama-athomu e-hydrogen angu-30, kanye nama-athomu amabili e-oxygen. Isihluthulelo sisekuhlelekeni kwalawo ma-athomu: umehluko omncane esakhiweni esinezinhlangothi ezintathu Lokhu kubangela ukuthi basebenzisane nama-receptor obuchopho ngendlela ehluke kakhulu.
I-CBD: i-cannabinoid engasebenzi ngokwengqondo enamandla okwelapha
I-Cannabidiol noma i-CBD iyi-antioxidant. i-cannabinoid engasebenzi ngokwengqondo, okusho ukuthi ayibangeli umuzwa wokuphuza ngokweqile noma ukudakwaNakuba kungabhekwa njengokusebenza kwengqondo ngomqondo wokuthi kuthonya izinqubo ezinjengokukhathazeka noma ukulala, Akushintshi ukuqonda noma ukwahlulela njengoba kwenza i-THC.
Empeleni, iningi le-CBD elithengiswa eYurophu nakwamanye amazwe amaningi Ikhishwa ku-hemp yezimboni., izinhlobo ezahlukene zensangu ezikhethiwe ukuze ziqukethe okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-CBD kanye ne-THC engaphansi kuka-0,2-0,3% (Umkhawulo oqondile uncike emthethweni wezwe ngalinye.) Amasu anjengalawa alandelayo asetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa inhlanganisela: i-CO2 ebaluleke kakhulu noma ukukhishwa kwe-solventokuvumela ukuthola amafutha, ama-resin noma ama-distillates abese efakwa kumafutha angaphansi kwezilimi, ama-capsule, ama-creams, ama-edibles, ama-vapes, njll.
Ezingeni lezindlela, i-CBD Ayixhumani ngqo futhi ngamandla nabamukeli be-CB1 kanye ne-CB2 yesistimu ye-endocannabinoid, njengoba kwenza i-THC. Esikhundleni salokho, iguqula ngokungaqondile umsebenzi walolu hleloIthinta ama-enzyme alimaza ama-endocannabinoid angaphakathi, ithonya ama-receptor e-serotonin (5-HT), iziteshi ze-TRPV1 ezihilelekile ebuhlungwini nasekuvuvukeni, kanye nezinye izinhloso zama-molecule.
Le ndlela yokwenza ichaza ukuthi kungani, nakuba ingakhiqizi injabulo, I-CBD ingathinta ubuhlungu, ukukhathazeka, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuxhuzula.Eqinisweni, esinye sezigaba ezibaluleke kakhulu kube ukuvunyelwa kwe- I-Epidiolex, umuthi osekelwe ku-CBD ehlanziwe ukwelapha izinhlobo ezingavamile zesifo sokuwa ebuntwaneni ezingamelani nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Imiphumela eyinhloko kanye nokusetshenziswa okungenzeka kwe-CBD
Izincwadi zesayensi nge-CBD zikhule kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, futhi yize kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe, Imigqa eminingana yokusetshenziswa iphindaphindwa ngokuvumelana okuhlobene ezifundweni nasezivivinyweni zangaphambi kokwelashwa:
- Ukukhathazeka nokucindezelaKuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi i-CBD inganciphisa izimpendulo zokukhathazeka kumamodeli ezilwane kanye nasezivivinyweni ezincane zabantu, okuthonya ama-receptor e-serotonin kanye namasekethe okwesaba.
- Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala: ukusebenzisana kwayo nama-receptor e-TRPV1 kanye nohlelo lwe-endocannabinoid kungasiza ekuguquleni Ubuhlungu obungamahlalakhonakufaka phakathi ubuhlungu be-neuropathic kanye nezimo zokuvuvukala njenge-arthritis.
- Izifo zesifo sokuwa kanye nezinzwaNgaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo ezifweni zokuwa ezinzima, kuyaphenywa amandla ayo ezifweni ze-neurodegenerative njenge-Alzheimer's, i-Parkinson's noma i-multiple sclerosis, ngenxa yomphumela wayo wokuvikela izinzwa kanye nokuvimbela ukuvuvukala.
- IphuphoAbantu abaningi bayabika ukuthuthukiswa kokuphumula ebusukuFuthi ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi kungasiza ekulaleni kwezinye izimo zokungalali.
- Izinkinga zesikhumba nezesikhumba: yabo izakhiwo ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant chaza ukuba khona kwezimonyo nge-acne, i-psoriasis, i-eczema, noma ezinye izifo zesikhumba.
Nakuba ubufakazi balezi zinkomba eziningi Kuseseyinto yokuqala futhi akuyona into eqinisekileIphrofayili ye-CBD iyakhanga ngoba, ngokuvamile, Inemiphumela emibi embalwa emibi kuneminye imithi esetshenziswayo. futhi akuvezi isifo sokucindezeleka noma sokuhoxa esivamile sezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa.
I-THC: ingxenye eyinhloko ye-cannabis ethinta ingqondo
I-Tetrahydrocannabinol noma i-THC iyi- ngokuyinhloko okubangela umphumela wenjabulo kanye nokuguqulwa kokuqonda okuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwensangu. Lesi yisona sizathu esenza abantu abaningi basebenzise insangu ngokuzijabulisa, kodwa futhi ingumthombo wezingozi eziningi zayo zengqondo.
Le cannabinoid igxile kakhulu ku- izimbali kanye ne-resin yezitshalo zensangu zesifazanelapho kukhiqizwa khona ngesimo sama-cannabinoid acid abese ekhishwa i-carboxylated (isibonelo, ngokushisa, ngokufutha, noma ngokubhema) ukuze abe yi-THC esebenzayo. Ezingeni lezomthetho lamazwe ngamazwe, I-THC ilawulwa kakhulu ngemihlangano eyahlukene yeZizwe Ezihlangene, futhi emazweni amaningi isalokhu iyi- izidakamizwa ezilawulwayo ezingasetshenziswa kabi.
Ebuchosheni, i-THC isebenza njenge i-agonist engaphelele yama-receptor e-CB1ezitholakala ngokuxinana okukhulu ezindaweni ezihlobene nenkumbulo, ukuxhumanisa ukunyakaza komzimba, imizwa, kanye nomvuzo. Lokhu kusondelana kuchaza kokubili insangu ejwayelekile ephezulu njengokushintsha kokwahlulela, inkumbulo, kanye nokuqonda isikhathi okuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kwaso.
Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezokungcebeleka, I-THC inesithakazelo sangempela kwezokwelaphaIsetshenziswa noma iyacwaningwa ukuze isetshenziswe Ukuqeda ubuhlungu obukhulu obungapheli, isicanucanu nokuhlanza ngenxa yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha ku-multiple sclerosis, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla ku-HIV/AIDS kanye nezinye izimpawu eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingasabela kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Imiphumela ye-THC ethinta ingqondo kanye nomthelela wayo ohlelweni lwezinzwa
Uma umuntu ephuza i-THC, kungaba ngokubhema, ukuvapha, noma ngokudla okudliwayo, Kukhona ukukhululwa okukhulu kwe-dopamine ezindaweni ezithile zobuchophoLokhu kwanda kwe-dopamine, kuhlanganiswe nokusebenza kwama-receptor e-CB1, kudala imizwa yenhlalakahle, injabulo, ukuphumula, kanye nombono oshintshiwe wezinto ezishukumisa imizwa.
Ubukhulu bale miphumela buxhomeke ezintweni eziningana: Ukuhlushwa kwe-THC komkhiqizo, indlela yokuphatha, ulwazi lwangaphambilini, umongo, kanye nobuthakathaka bomuntu ngamunye kanye izici zofuzoIzinhlobo zensangu zamanje ziyafinyeleleka okuqukethwe kwe-THC okumaphakathi cishe ku-15% noma ngaphezulu, ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo yamashumi eminyaka ambalwa edlule, okwandisa kokubili "uhambo" kanye nengozi yokusabela okubi.
Ngaphezu komphumela ofiselekayo, Imithamo ephezulu ye-THC ingabangela izimpawu zengqondo zesikhashana (ukuphupha, imibono ekhohlisayo), izigameko zokukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukuhlaselwa uvalo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha noma labo abasengozini yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Esimisweni sezinzwa esiyinhloko, i-THC ayithinti nje kuphela isimo sengqondo; Futhi kuphazamisa inkumbulo yesikhashana, ukunaka, isikhathi sokusabela, kanye nokuhambisana kwemisipha.Lokhu kuholela engozini enkulu lapho ushayela noma wenza imisebenzi edinga ukunemba kanye nokusabela okusheshayo.
Uhlelo lwe-endocannabinoid: indlela i-THC ne-CBD ezisebenza ngayo emzimbeni
Ukuze uqonde ngempela ukuthi kungani i-THC ne-CBD zenza izinto ezihlukene kangaka, kufanele ubheke uhlelo lwe-endocannabinoid, uhlelo lokubonisa olusatshalaliswa kuwo wonke umzimbaLolu hlelo luhilelekile ekulawuleni ubuhlungu, imizwa, isifiso sokudla, ukulala, impendulo yomzimba, kanye neminye imisebenzi eminingi.
Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko ziyizinhlobo ezimbili zama-receiver, I-CB1 ne-CB2kanye nama-endocannabinoid akhiqizwa yimizimba yethu (njenge-anandamide) kanye nama-enzyme awenza futhi awahlukanise. Ama-receptor e-CB1 atholakala ikakhulukazi ku- ubuchopho kanye nesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi, kuyilapho ama-CB2 evame kakhulu amaseli esistimu yokuzivikela komzimba kanye nezicubu ezingaphandle.
I-THC, ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sendandatho evaliwe, Ingena kahle kuma-receiver e-CB1, njengesihluthulelo esikhiyeni.Lesi sixhumanisi esiqondile sinomthwalo wemfanelo ukusebenza kwengqondo okukhulu kwe-THC, imiphumela yayo yokunciphisa ubuhlungu, kanye nekhono layo lokushintsha ukuqonda kanye nesimo sengqondo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-CBD ine indandatho yama-molecule evulekile okuvimbela ukuthi ihlangane kahle ne-CB1. Esikhundleni sokuzisebenzisa, Iguqula umsebenzi wayo kanye nowe-CB2 ngokungaqondile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithonya amanye ama-receptor (i-serotonin, i-TRPV1, i-GPR55, njll.), okufaka isandla ku- Akukukhuthazi ukuba uphuze kakhulu, kodwa kungadala imiphumela yokuxakeka, yokulwa nokuvuvukala, noma yokudambisa ukuxhuzula..
Lo mehluko obonakala uncane kakhulu phakathi kwe-THC ne-CBD uhumusha ube umhosha maqondana nemiphumela ethinta umuntuKuyisimo esivamile lapho ushintsho oluncane lwamakhemikhali lushintsha yonke into ezingeni lebhayoloji.
Umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwe-THC ne-CBD: imiphumela, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nezingozi
Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kukhulunywa ngazo njengokungathi ziyinto efanayo, I-THC ne-CBD ziyahlukahluka cishe kuzo zonke izici ezifanele: kusukela ohlotsheni lwemiphumela abayivezayo kuya esimweni sabo esisemthethweni noma imiphumela yabo emibi engaba khona.
Okokuqala, kukhona ubukhulu bokusebenza kwengqondo. I-THC iyasebenza kakhulu engqondweni futhi ivuselela ingqondo.Iguqula ukuqonda, ukuqonda, ukuhlanganisa, kanye nokwahlulela. I-CBD ayibangeli ukudakwaKungalawula isimo sengqondo futhi kunciphise ukukhathazeka, kodwa Akuvezi injabulo noma izinguquko eziphawulekayo zemizwa.
Okwesibili, yakho Iphrofayili yokwelapha nayo ihlukile.I-THC ikhanya kakhulu ku- Ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, isicanucanu esinamandla, kanye nokwanda kwesifiso sokudlakuyilapho i-CBD ihlotshaniswa kakhulu ukulawula ukuquleka, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka, ukuvuvukala okungapheli, kanye nokusekelwa kwezinkinga zokulala.
Ekugcineni, i Iphrofayili yokuphepha yama-cannabinoid womabili ayifani nhloboI-THC, ikakhulukazi ngokusetshenziswa njalo kanye nemithamo ephezulu entsheni noma kubantu abasengozini, ihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa njalo kwe-THC kanye nokusetshenziswa njalo kwemithamo ephezulu kubantu abasha noma abantu abasengozini. ingozi eyengeziwe yokuthembela, ukwehla kwengqondo, kanye nezinkinga zengqondoI-CBD, naphezu kokuthi iphephile kakhulu, Akuyona ingozi futhi. futhi kungabangela imiphumela emibi kanye nezinkinga zokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa.
Izinzuzo zokwelapha ze-CBD ne-THC
Esinye sezizathu ezenza ukuthi insangu ingene kancane kancane kwezokwelapha ukuthi Ama-cannabinoid ayo ezinkanyezi ezimbili anikeza izinzuzo ezengeziweIzindlela zokwelapha eziningi zihlola izindlela ezihlanganisa i-CBD ne-THC ngezilinganiso ezahlukene ukuze zisebenzise lelo bhalansi.
Endabeni ye-CBD, sesivele sikhulume ngokusetshenziswa kwayo ku- izithuthwane zasebuntwaneni ezingalawulekilapho kuye kwabonakala kunciphisa imvamisa yokuxhuzula emaphesentini amakhulu eziguli. Kuphinde kubonise ubufakazi obuthembisayo (nakuba bungebona obucacile) ku izinkinga zokukhathazeka, ubuhlungu obungapheli, ukuvuvukala komzimba, kanye nezifo eziwohlokayo zemizwa.
I-THC, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyi- iwusizo kakhulu ekuvuseleleni isifiso sokudla kubantu abanomdlavuza noma i-HIV/AIDS abahlushwa yi-cachexia, kanye nakwabanye abantu abane-cachexia. lawula isicanucanu nokuhlanza okubangelwa yi-chemotherapy Uma imithi yokwelapha ukugabha evamile ingaphumeleli, kuba khona... izidakamizwa ezifana ne-dronabinol noma i-nabilone, izidakamizwa ezisuselwa ku-THC noma ama-analogue okwenziwa, avunyelwe kulezi zinkomba.
Ezimweni zobuhlungu obungapheli obuyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ingxenye ye-neuropathic noma i-spasticity (njengase-multiple sclerosis), Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-THC ne-CBD kunganikeza impumuzo enkulu kunanoma yikuphi kokubili.ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezihambisanayo zobuhlungu nokunyakaza.
Ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe: lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “umphumela we-entourage”
Eminyakeni yamuva nje umqondo we- umphumela wokuhamba ukuchaza ukuthi kanjani Ama-cannabinoids nama-terpenes ahlukene kulesi sitshalo asebenza ngokubambisana.Akuyona nje i-CBD noma i-THC kuphela, kodwa inhlanganisela yazo, kanye nezinye izinto ezihlanganisiwe, ezingachaza imiphumela ethile yezokwelapha engabonakali ngama-molecule ahlukene.
Isibonelo, kuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi I-CBD inganciphisa eminye yemiphumela emibi ye-THCnjengokukhathazeka noma ukwesaba, ngaphandle kokuqeda ngokuphelele amandla azo okudambisa ubuhlungu noma okulwa nokuqunjelwa. Lokhu kwenza imikhiqizo yezokwelapha ibe ne- isilinganiso se-THC: i-CBD esilinganisiwe kungaba nesithakazelo ezigulini eziningi.
Manje, umphumela weqembu Akusho ukuthi "uma konke kuningi, kungcono"Isihluthulelo ukuthola isilinganiso esifanele somuntu ngamunye kanye ne-pathology ngayinyeLokhu kudinga ucwaningo olwengeziwe kanye nokulungisa imithamo ngokwemibandela yezokwelapha.
Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi ze-THC kanye ne-CBD
Akukho nto enemiphumela enamandla yezinto eziphilayo engenangozi, futhi Ama-cannabinoid awahlukileIqiniso lokuthi zivela ezitshalweni alizisho ukuthi azinangozi ngokuzenzakalelayo, yize ezimweni eziningi ziveza iphrofayili yengozi. okulinganiselwe kakhulu kunezinye izidakamizwa ezisemthethweni njengotshwala noma ama-opiate athile.
Endabeni ye-THC, imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ifaka phakathi isiyezi, ukozela, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, umlomo owomile, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, izinkinga zokukhumbula, ukukhathazeka, noma ukwesabaZingavela futhi ngemithamo ephezulu. imibono engekho, ukukhohliswa, kanye neziqephu zengqondo zesikhashana.
Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-THC esemncane kuye kwahlotshaniswa nezifundo eziningana nge izinguquko ekukhuleni kobuchopho, amathuba amakhulu okuthembela, i-amotivational syndrome, ukusebenza kwengqondo okubi kakhulu kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka kanye ne-psychosisikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini yofuzo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-CBD ikhombisa ukubekezeleleka okuhle, kodwa ingabangela ukukhathala, ukozela, ukungakhululeki kokugaya ukudla (isicanucanu, uhudo), izinguquko ekudleni noma isisindo, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophansi kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi uma bephuza imithamo ephezulu.
Iphuzu elibucayi nge-CBD yilo ikhono lokuphazamisa ama-enzyme esibindi ohlelweni lwe-cytochrome P450Lawa ngamaseli afanayo aguqula imithi eminingi (isibonelo, imithi yokunciphisa igazi, imithi yokuvimbela isifo sokuwa, ama-benzodiazepine). Lokhu kungenza ukuthuthukisa noma ukunciphisa umphumela waleyo mithiNgakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa.
I-Pharmacokinetics: indlela i-THC ne-CBD ezimuncwa futhi zisuswa ngayo
Indlela umzimba ocubungula ngayo i-THC ne-CBD ithonya kakhulu isivinini lapho imiphumela ivela khona, ukuthi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi iba namandla kangakananiIndlela yokuphatha (ngokuphefumula, ngomlomo, ngolimi oluncane, noma nge-topical) ibalulekile lapha.
Endabeni ye-CBD, Ukutholakala kwe-bioavailability kuyahlukahluka kakhuluUma ihogelwa (ngokufutha, isibonelo) ingafinyelela phakathi kuka-11% no-45%, kuyilapho Ukudla ngomlomo kuvame ukuhlala cishe ku-6%., ngenxa “yokudlula kokuqala” kwesibindi okonakalisa ingxenye yale nhlanganisela ngaphambi kokuba ifinyelele ekujikelezeni kwegazi.
Ngemva kokumuncwa, i-CBD iguqulwa kakhulu esibindini yi- ama-enzyme e-cytochrome P450 ku-hydroxylated metabolites, bese ikhishwa kakhulu endle. Indlela yokuphathwa (amafutha angaphansi kolimi, ama-capsule, ukudla okudliwayo, ukuhogela) inquma ijubane lokuqala kanye nobude bomphumela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-THC uma idonswa umoya Ifinyelela egazini nasebuchosheni ngokushesha okukhuluukufinyelela amazinga aphezulu ngemizuzu embalwa, yingakho ukubhema noma ukubhema insangu kuveza imiphumela esheshayo. Uma kudliwa ezidliwayo, Isikhathi esiphezulu singathatha phakathi kwehora eli-1 neli-3.futhi imiphumela ivame ukuhlala isikhathi eside kodwa futhi ayibikezeleki kangako.
Esibindini, i-THC iguqulwa ibe I-11-OH-THC, i-metabolite esebenzayo engqondweninge-enzyme i-CYP2C9 kanye namaprotheni okuthutha. Kokubili i-THC kanye nama-metabolites ayo kukhishwa kancane kancane ngomchamo kanye nendle, kodwa Zingahlala zibonakala emzimbeni izinsuku noma amasonto., into ehlobene nokulawulwa kwezidakamizwa.
Izici ezisebenzayo: ukukhethwa komkhiqizo kanye nokuphepha kokusetshenziswa
Noma ngubani ocabanga ukusebenzisa insangu yezokwelapha, i-CBD isolate, noma imikhiqizo ye-THC kufanele acabangele okungaphezu kakhulu kwesisindo esilula se-milligram sephakhejiIsilinganiso se-THC/CBD, uhlobo lokukhishwa, indlela yokuphathwa, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kanye nomongo wezomthetho kwenza umehluko omkhulu.
Imakethe iqukethe Izimbali zensangu ezomisiwe, amafutha, ama-tincture, izinto ezidliwayo, ama-capsule, ama-concentrate, ama-resin kanye nezimonyoIfomethi ngayinye inezikhathi zokuqala ezihlukile kanye nobude bomphumela, kanye nomkhawulo ohlukile wokunyakaza lapho kulungiswa imithamo.
Emkhakheni we-CBD, ububanzi buqala ku- uwoyela ogcwele (onama-cannabinoids nama-terpenes, kodwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele ye-THC esemthethweni) kuze kufike kuma-cannabidiol isolates ahlanzekile. Ukukhetha kuncike kulokho okufunayo umphumela ongaba khona weqembu noma ukunemba okuphezulu ku-molecule esetshenzisiwe.
Inkinga evamile yi- ukuntuleka kokulawulwa kwekhwalithi kweminye imikhiqizo yezentengiselwanoUkuhlaziywa okuzimele kuthole amaphakheji ane-CBD encane kakhulu kunaleyo eshiwo, noma ngisho namazinga aphezulu e-THC angaboniswanga kulebula, okungase kube ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa okuqinisekisiwe nokwandisa izingozi ngaphandle kokuba umsebenzisi azi.
Ngenxa yazo zonke lezi zizathu, kungcono ukukhetha Imikhiqizo enikeza izitifiketi zokuhlaziya ezivela emalabhorethri angaphandlefuthi ikakhulukazi, thintana nochwepheshe bezempilo uma uthatha eminye imithi noma unesifo esithile esihambisana nayo.
Uhlaka lwezomthetho lwe-CBD kanye ne-THC
Isimo esisemthethweni se-THC kanye ne-CBD singu ukungalingani kakhulu kuye ngezwe noma ngisho nesifundazwe noma isifundaUkuqonda lo mehluko kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga zomthetho futhi kwaziwe ukuthi yini engathengwa futhi ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo.
Ezindaweni eziningi eYurophu, njenge-European Union jikelele, I-CBD etholakala ku-hemp engaphansi kuka-0,2% THC ivunyelweikakhulukazi ngesimo sezimonyo, ama-vaporizer, noma izesekeli, yize izwe ngalinye lingase libe nemithetho yalo ethile. Isinqumo esibalulekile seNkantolo Yobulungiswa ye-EU sakwenza kwacaca ukuthi I-CBD ayibhekwa njengesidakamizwa esidakayo nokuthi ukuhweba kwayo phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu akukwazi ukuvinjelwa ngokungemthetho uma ihlangabezana nezimfuneko zomthetho.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-THC ivame ukutholakala kulawulwa njengento elawulwayo ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe. Kwamanye amazwe, kuye kwenziwa intuthuko eya amamodeli e-cannabis yezokwelapha elawulwayo futhi, ngezinga elincane, maqondana nokusemthethweni noma ukususwa kokusetshenziswa kokuzijabulisa, njengaseCanada, izingxenye ze-United States, iMalta noma, kancane kancane, iJalimane.
Noma kunjalo, i-THC emhlabeni wonke iyaqhubeka nokufakwa ohlwini lwezinto ezilawulwayo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela noma ngaphandle kwezinhlelo ezisemthethweni akuvunyelwe. kungabangela izinhlawulo noma amacala obugebenguNgakho-ke kubalulekile thola ulwazi oluphelele ngemithetho yendawo ngaphambi kokuthenga, ukuthutha noma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo equkethe yona.
Ucwaningo lwamanje kanye nezicelo zezokwelapha ezisathuthukiswa
Ucwaningo nge-THC kanye ne-CBD luyachuma. Naphezu kwezithiyo zomthetho eziye zaphazamisa izifundo zensangu ngokomlando, Kunezivivinyo zemitholampilo ezengeziwe kanye nokubuyekezwa okuhlelekile labo abazama ukuchaza ukuthi yiziphi izinkomba ezinokusekelwa okuqinile nokuthi yiziphi ezisesesigabeni sokuhlola.
Endabeni ye-CBD, kushicilelwe ukubuyekezwa okubanzi okuhlanganisa Idatha evela ezivivinyweni zesifo sokuwa, izinkinga zokukhathazeka, isifo sengqondo, ubuhlungu obungapheli, izinkinga zokulala, kanye nezifo zokuvuvukalaIningi liphetha ngokuthi inhlanganisela Kuyathembisa, kodwa kudingeka izifundo ezinkulu nezinde. ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo kanye nokuphepha kwayo ezindaweni eziningi zalezi.
Ngokuphathelene ne-THC, izifundo eziningana zezokwelapha zisekela ukusebenza kwayo njengoba umuthi wokulwa nokugabha ekwelashweni ngamakhemikhali, isikhuthazi sokudla ezigulini ezine-cachexia, isidambisa-zinhlungu ezinhlotsheni ezithile zobuhlungu obungapheli, kanye ne-spasticity modulator kwi-multiple sclerosis nakwezinye izifo zezinzwa.
Baphinde bathole ukuvelela amalungiselelo ahlanganisa i-THC ne-CBD, njenge-nabiximols, ezibonise ukuthuthuka ku- Ubuhlungu be-neuropathic kanye nokuqina kwemisipha ku-multiple sclerosisngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi eyanda kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-THC yodwa.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uphenyo luyaqhubeka Ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka ezifweni ze-neurodegenerative (i-Alzheimer's, i-Parkinson's), izifo ze-autism spectrum, isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kwenhlekelele, isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo kanye nezinye izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi, yize eziningi zisesigabeni sokuqala sokutadisha.
Ubufakazi obutholakalayo busikisela ukuthi I-THC ne-CBD ziyizinhlangothi ezimbili zohlamvu lwemali olufanayo ezinezakhiwo ezihlukene kakhulu kodwa ezihambisanayo.Ukusetshenziswa kwazo ngendlela efanele kuhilela ukuqonda ukuthi ngayinye yenzani, yiziphi izingozi ezihambisana nazo, ukuthi iyini isimo sayo esisemthethweni, nokuthi kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo lapho kungaba nengqondo ukuzisebenzisa ngendlela efanele futhi, noma nini lapho kungenzeka, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe.
