Le ndaba ethinta inhliziyo isibonisa ukuthi izithakazelo zezomnotho zihamba phambili kanjani ngaphezu kwenhlalakahle yomndeni neyomphakathi. Kulesi sihloko, uzothola amazwibela nakho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nencwadi edumile ye-Momo. Inoveli ethokozisayo kaMichael Ende.
Incwadi kaMomo: Isakhiwo
incwadi yomama Yinoveli ekhuluma ngendodakazi eyintandane ezulazula emigwaqweni. U-Ende umchaze njengentombazane engenalo ikhaya elimlindile. Ngolunye usuku lapho ezulazula ngokungenanjongo wathola umgodi lapho akha khona umuzi wakhe omusha, ngaphansi kwamanxiwa enkundla yemidlalo yeshashalazi. Wakhosela lapho. Abantu bendawo bathola le ntombazane futhi bazama ukuyisiza ukuba yenze indawo ibe yekhethekile, baze bayilethele nezingxenye zokudla.
Enye yezimfanelo abantu bendawo kaMomo ababeyithanda kakhulu kwakuyikhono labo lokulalela abanye. Nokho, usongo olubi luphezu kwedolobha. Izingwevu eziphethe izikhwama nogwayi zifike ngenhloso yokubaqola, zibaphuce isikhathi.
Incwadi kaMomo yasekhaya
Isakhiwo sencwadi sakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu. Esokuqala sichaza izwe elijabulisayo. Abantu bakuleli dolobha baphila ngokuthula futhi yilapho kwakhiwa khona impilo kaMomo.
UMichael Ende wethula indaba ngokuchaza ama-amphitheatre, okuthi ngokombono wakhe kwakuyizikhungo zemisebenzi yokungcebeleka yezakhamuzi futhi echitha isikhathi sazo sokuphumula. Ngendlela yobuciko, usethula ngomlingisi wale ntombazane enhle okuthiwa uMomo nendlela abantu bendawo abaqala ngayo ukuya kuyo.
Kule ngxenye yokuqala, singajabulela futhi izindaba nezindaba ze-Gigi Cicerone. Izindaba zakhe zibonakala ngokuba zinhle ngempela. Isitshela indaba yeSibuko neNyangayezulu. Le ndaba enhle, kanye nezindaba ze-Cicerone kanye nezwe zikwazi ukukhombisa ikhono lobunkondlo lomlobi.
Ingxenye yesibili yencwadi kaMomo
Uma sifunda incwadi kaMomo singabona ukuthi engxenyeni yesibili lezi zindaba ezimnandi ziqala ukuba nefindo lesakhiwo. Ezinganeni, kuzoba mayelana nezigigaba zikaMomo ngokumelene nesitha esibi esimelelwe amadoda ampunga.
Kuzethameli zabantu abadala, le ngxenye yesibili izodalula ukuthi i-Ende, ngendlela engokomfanekiso nesankondlo, ikhuluma ngayo ngezindikimba zempilo nesikhathi. Bazokwazi futhi ukuzwa ngosiba luka-Ende ukuthi isintu sikuchitha kanjani ukuphila kwaso, isikhathi saso, umzuzu nomzuzu, umzuzwana, nehora.
Kube sekuvezwa imibono emibili yesakhiwo kulo msebenzi. Njengohambo olujabulisayo lukaMomo nabangane bakhe, njengo-Master Hora, ufudu uCassiopeia; noma futhi njengesingathekiso esisiholela ekucabangeni ngempilo.
Ingxenye yesithathu: Ukugxeka ukusetshenziswa kwabathengi
Uma sihlolisisa ukulandisa okwethulwe ngu-Ende lapho esitshela khona ngempilo yencwadi kaMomo, singabonga ukugxeka okunamandla kombhali komphakathi wabathengi. Impucuko ebonakala ngokuthanda imali nomsebenzi. Nakuba i- Izincwadi zabafowethu Grimm shiya imfundiso ethile le ndaba igxeka amaqiniso empilo yangempela.
Iphinde ibe umphakathi okhonza imali. Ngokwesibonelo, singakwazi ukukhomba lokhu kugxekwa kokuthengwa kwempahla empilweni yoMgodi ongumlingiswa ojabule ngokusesilinganisweni, kodwa ozwakalisa ukunganeliseki kwakhe, njengoba engenalo ithuba lokuziqhayisa ngokuphila okunethezekile.
Ngokuhlaziya impilo ye-Barber singakwazi ukubona izici ezithile zemodeli yabathengi. Isibonelo, ukumaketha kuyisiyalo emhlabeni webhizinisi esinesibopho sokukhiqiza izidingo zabathengi zezimpahla namasevisi lapho bezingekho ngaphambilini. Ngokwanelisa izidingo zeklayenti, khona-ke uyojabula, njengoba enempilo egcwele ukunethezeka futhi angadla izimpahla ezidingekayo ukuze anelise lezi zidingo. Umgundi-ke yindoda esebenza kakhulu, ngakho usezoba naleyo mpilo yobukhazikhazi.
Okuwukuphela kwento ebalulekile, indoda yaqhubeka, ukuphumelela, ukuba othile, ukuba nokuthile. Noma ubani oqhubeka phambili, noma ubani ongcono futhi onokuningi kunabanye, uthola ukuphumula ngaphezu kwalokho: ubungane, uthando, udumo, phakathi kwabanye.
Ngemva kokuba umfundi esekwazi ukuhlonza izidingo zoMgundi ekubeni nokuphila okugcwele ukunethezeka, kwethulwa umlingisi omusha. Umthengisi webhange lokonga onolaka. Lo mfo ukwazi ukuncenga uBarber ukuthi uchitha isikhathi nomsebenzi wakhe, ngakho-ke akasenaso isikhathi esanele emhlabeni.
Umthengisi usebenzisa wonke amasu nezindlela zabathengisi bangaleso sikhathi, lapho efinyelela umgomo wakhe. Ngabo impilo nesiphetho somgundi. Zonke ezinye izakhamizi zedolobha nazo. Wonke umuntu uba yisisulu sokuthengwa kwezinto nezinto ezibonakalayo.
I-Momo Libro iyakwazi ukubona ukuthi idolobha liguquka kanjani. Labo ababemvakashela njalo futhi bechitha naye isikhathi manje abakwazi ngisho nokuxhumana nezingane. Manje banikela ukuphila kwabo emsebenzini ongaphezi ukuze babe nokuphila okunethezeka.
Izingane zedolobha nazo zinamathoyizi abiza kakhulu futhi amangalisayo. Amathangi okulawula kude, amarobhothi akwazi ukuhamba noma amarokhethi asemkhathini, kodwa abiza kakhulu kangangokuthi akekho noyedwa wezingane ongawajabulela ngoba ayinkimbinkimbi.
Ngokulandisa singabona ukuthi i-Ende yethula kanjani ukugxeka okuqinile kwalabo bazali abasebenza ngokungaphezi ukuze babe nempahla nobukhazikhazi. Bayakwazi ukuthenga uthando lwezingane zabo ngokuthenga amathoyizi abizayo, kodwa abanaso isikhathi esikhululekile abangasichitha nezingane zabo, ngisho nokudlala ngamathoyizi afanayo. Enye yezingcaphuno ezivela endabeni ezethula lokhu kugxeka yilezi:
Hhayi-ke, sengivele nginamadiski ezindaba ayi-11 -okumenyezelwe njengomfana omncane kakhulu, futhi ngingawalalela kaningi ngokuthanda kwami. ngaphambi kokuba ubaba angixoxele indaba ebusuku, lapho ebuya emsebenzini. Bekukuhle kakhulu. Kodwa manje akasekho ekhaya. Noma ekhathele futhi engazizwa.
UMichael Ende uqondisa ipeni lakhe ekugxekweni okujulile kohlelo lonxiwankulu kanye nokuthanda umuntu ngamunye njengendlela yokuphila ngaphakathi kwalesi sibonelo sezomnotho. Uyakwazi ukuqhathanisa incwadi yedolobha laseMomo neminye imiphakathi yaseMpumalanga lapho indlela yokuphila ekhona ingumphakathi. Nakuba ukuthengwa kwempahla kuphakamisa ubuntu, kwezinye izakhamuzi zivame ukuthobeka nokuba nomusa.
Manje, umphakathi wabathengi uboniswa endaweni yesehlakalo lapho u-Nino ebuza ukuthi wonke umuntu uyahlekisa ngaye ngokuba nomusa. Njengokungathi izinga lobuhle liyimbangela yokuhlekwa usulu, kunalokho konke kuwubuhle.
Umnikazi wendawo ungikhuphulile irenti. Manje sekumele ngikhokhe ingxenye yesithathu kunakuqala. Ngizoyithathaphi imali uma ngiguqula indawo yami uma ngiguqula indawo yami ibe indawo yokukhosela amaphuphu amadala? Kungani kufanele ngibe muhle kwabanye? Akekho ongiphethe kahle.
Ngalesi sisho siyabona ukuthi i-Ende ikwazi kanjani ukuthola umnyombo wenkinga. Umphakathi wabathengi ukwazi ukubeka intshisekelo ngaphezu kwezidingo zeqoqo ngaphezu kwezenzo zomusa.
isikhathi nokufa encwadini ye-momo
U-Ende, ngaphezu kokugxeka okujulile komphakathi wabathengi obonisa imodeli ye-capitalist, futhi uyakwazi ukwethula imibuzo yakhe ngendlela lo mphakathi ochitha ngayo isikhathi sawo.
Phakathi kokugxeka kwakhe yindlela le miphakathi ezinikele ngayo ekusebenzeni ngokungakhathali nokuhlehlisa isikhathi sokwenza izinto ezibajabulisa ngempela. Lokhu kuziphatha kuphambene nempilo kaMomo. Intombazane ezithobile engavikelekile kukho konke okwenzeka eduze kwayo. Akanandaba nezinto ezibonakalayo, noma izindinganiso zabathengi.
Izincwadi zeMomo azinaso isikhathi. Lesi sitatimende sisekelwe ekutheni uma ebuzwa ukuthi uneminyaka emingaki? Kuphendula ikhulu. Ukungakwazi kwakhe ukukala isikhathi, ukubala nokuba nembayo phakathi neminyaka, imizuzu, nemizuzwana kumenza avikeleke emandleni amadoda ampunga.
Esinye sezigcawu ezingavamile kunoveli ka-Ende yilapho kanye uMomo ekwazi ukuhlangana no-Master Hora, ikhehla elibonakala ngokuzigqaja kwakhe. Uhlala endlini eNowhere futhi uzungezwe amawashi angenakubalwa, elinye elihle ukwedlula elinye. Umbhali uzama ukubeka ngobuciko indikimba yempilo nokufa esiteji. Uyenza kusukela ngendlela yokuthi izinsana zibone lezi zenzakalo njengamaqiniso emvelo okuphila.
Isenzo sokufa Ende umethula endaweni lapho uMomo ekwazi ukubona i-pendulum engaxhunywanga lutho. Leli thuluzi alinaso isisindo, kodwa ngiyabona ukuthi linyakaza lisuka ekhoneni liye kwelinye. Lapho ifika kwelinye ikhoneni yenza imbali enhle futhi lapho izoba kwenye, leyo mbali iyabuna. Ngenkathi imbali entsha yakheka kwelinye ikhona. I-protagonist yethu ikwazi ukuqonda ukuthi umphefumulo, ngokushiya ingxenye yomzimba yabantu, uphinde ube yingxenye ye-Universe. Lesi ngesinye sezimiso zezinkolo zaseMpumalanga.
Esinye sezikhathi ezibalulekile zale noveli enesihloko esithi "Momo" kulapho le ntombazanyana ibuza uMphathi Wehora ukuthi ubeshonile yini. I-Ende yembula isibalo sokufa njengekhehla elijabulayo elizama ukusifundisa ukubaluleka kwesikhathi nendlela yokujabulela usuku ngalunye, ihora, umzuzu nomzuzwana. UMomo ubuza ikhehla:
Ungukufa?
Uthisha wehora uyamoyizela futhi athule, abese ephendula lokhu okulandelayo:
Ukube abantu bebekwazi ukuthi ukufa kuyini, ngabe abasakwesabi. Futhi uma ubungamesabi, khona-ke akekho owayengaphinde antshontshe ukuphila kwakho.
Ukuguqulwa kwedolobha
I-Ende isenza sicabange ngendlela imiphakathi okuyiyona eshintsha indawo noma indawo ehlala kuyo. Nokho, lapho uMomo efika kulowo mgodi, ngaphansi kwamanxiwa enkundla yemidlalo yeshashalazi bonke abantu bendawo bahamba bayomsiza ukuba ahlobise leso sikhala. Singabona ngisho nokuthi esinye salezo zakhamuzi sibeka kanjani umdwebo odwetshwe yedwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe indawo.
Nokho, lapho kwethulwa indlela yokonga isikhathi nenkolo yemali, umlobi usitshela ukuthi lezo zakhamuzi, okuthi nakuba zazijabule ngalezo zindlu ezincane, ezinobuntu obuningi, manje zizibheka njengezingakhiqizi kangako. Lezi zindlu ezinhle zathathelwa indawo yizakhiwo ezimpunga, ezingenamphefumulo. Bazakhela lezo zakhiwo ukuze benze imisebenzi yabo eyisisekelo, kodwa ekugcineni abakwazi ukujabulela lezo zakhiwo ezinkulu.
Personajes
Inoveli yencwadi kaMomo, eyabhalwa u-Ende, ixoxa ngempilo kaMomo edolobheni. Ukwenza lokhu, wethula uchungechunge lwezinhlamvu esizozichaza ngezansi.
momo
Ungumlingiswa wendaba. Intombazane eyintandane enekhono lokulalela abanye. Le mfanelo iyamsiza ukuba abe nabangane abaningi abamsizayo ukwakha ikhaya lakhe elisha. Amadoda ampunga ambheka njengengozi enkulu emsebenzini wawo, ngakho azama ukumqeda.
Beppo Sweeper
Umlingiswa ozothile lo. Abanye bendawo bamthatha njengomuntu ohlanyayo, ngoba uthatha isikhathi ukuphendula eminye imibuzo. Iqiniso liwukuthi lo mlingiswa unobuhlakani obuningi. Uthatha isikhathi eside ukuphendula kwazise uzindla kahle ngezimpendulo zakhe. Phila isikhathi sakho kancane.
Gigi Cicerone
U-Gigi Cicerone kanye nomshanela bayakwazi ukuba abangani abakhulu bakaMomo. Ubonakala ngokuba umlingiswa othanda ukuxoxa izindaba zakhe. Lapho uMomo enyamalala edolobheni unyaka, amadoda ampunga enza uGigi Cicerone adume, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi akwazi ukulahlekelwa umcabango wakhe. Lapho uMomo ebuya futhi evakashela u-Gigi Cicerone, uCicerone umcela ukuthi ahlale naye ukuze baxoxe izindaba futhi.
Izingane
Izingane eziningi zivakashela inkundla ukuze ziyodlala ekhaya elisha likaMomo. Baqamba izindaba zokuzilibazisa lapho ukuze bazijabulise.
amadoda ampunga
Lezi zinhlamvu zenza izakhamizi zonge isikhathi sazo ukuze zikwazi ukuzintshontsha. Izimbangi zakhe ezinkulu yizingane, njengoba kuyilabo balingisi abangakuqondi ukubaluleka kwesikhathi. Laba balingisi ababi bayakwazi ukuguqula izimpilo zezakhamizi zibe yimishini yokwenza imali.
I-Cassiopeda
I-Cassiopea iwufudu luka-Master Hora olunamandla okuxhumana ngegobolondo lakhe lapho enza khona izinhlamvu. Unekhono lokwazi ukuthi yini engenzeka kusasele isigamu sehora, nokho akanayo indlela yokwazi imiphumela.
Umphathi Wesikhathi
Uyena okwaziyo ukusindisa impilo kaMomo ngokuthumela uCassiopeia ukuba ayombheka, njengoba amadoda ampunga emelela usongo. Ngezansi sikushiyela isifinyezo sencwadi kaMomo.
