Indaba Engapheli, kaMichael Ende
Indaba engapheli noma ebizwa nangokuthi ngesiJalimane ngokuthi Die unendliche Geschichte idume ngokuba umbhalo umbhali German uMichael Ende, ukukhululwa ekuqaleni ngolimi lwakhe lwendabuko ngo-1979. Bekubhekwa impumelelo enkulu kusukela ngomzuzu wokuqala futhi ngenxa yalokhu okuyinto has ihunyushelwe ezilimini ezingaphezulu kwamashumi amathathu nesithupha futhi yathola ukushintshwa kwefilimu okuhlukile.
Singasho ukuthi iyinoveli, noma ngabe ike yamakwa njengencwadi yakamuva yezincwadi zezingane, yavikelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngumbhali wayo othi lo msebenzi welula kakhulu kunokulandisa ukuthi ube ukugxeka. Isibonelo kungaba ukuthi u-Ende waphikisa ngokuthi inoveli ifuna ukukhombisa isifiso sokuthola iqiniso elizungeza umfundi ngendlela ephambene.
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka, ungafunda mayelana neminye imisebenzi efana nale Obani Abakhokhelwa Yinsimbi, ngokuchofoza nje isixhumanisi nokufunda ulwazi esilunikezayo. Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlola okwengeziwe mayelana umlando wendawo yonke wezixazululo endaweni efanayo.
Amazwi aphusile ombhali
Lapho sibeka umgomo, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuwufinyelela iwukuba njalo sithathe indlela ephambene. Akumina owasungula le ndlela. Ukuze afinyelele ipharadesi, uDante, ku-Divine Comedy yakhe, uqala ngokudlula esihogweni. (···) Ukuze uthole okwangempela kufanele wenze okufanayo: ukufulathele futhi udlule kokumangalisayo. Lolo wuhambo oluthathwe yiqhawe le-The Neverending Story. Ukuze azitholele yena, uBastian kufanele aqale alahle umhlaba wangempela (lapho kungekho lutho olunengqondo) futhi angene ezweni lefantasy, lapho, ngokuphambene nalokho, konke kulayishwe incazelo. Nokho, kuhlale kunengozi lapho uthatha uhambo olunjalo; Phakathi kweqiniso nefantasy kukhona, empeleni, ibhalansi ecashile engafanele iphazamiseke: ihlukaniswe neqiniso, ifantasy nayo ilahlekelwa okuqukethwe kwayo.
Uzwakalise uMichael Ende kwinhlolokhono eParis.
Isakhiwo Sendaba Engapheli
Indaba engapheli ahlanganisa noma ahlanganisa izigaba ezimbili ezihlukene; ingxenye yokuqala iveza umhlaba omangalisayo futhi lokho kukhonjisiwe kulo msebenzi, Umbuso Wenganekwane kanye Nomhlaba Wangempela.
Ngaphakathi kwale ngxenye yokuqala, umlingiswa oyinhloko uhlelelwe ukuba ngumlingiswa osemusha futhi onesibindi, ogama lakhe lingu-Atreyu, elifana nele-Childish Empress kanye negunya le-Fantasy, umcela ukuthi aqale ukusesha okuncane ukuze athole ikhambi. izifo anazo nokuthi kancane kancane ziye zayiphazamisa kakhulu impilo yakhe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umlingiswa wesibili obalulekile ungumfana omncane ogama lakhe lingu-Bastián Baltasar Bux ongowomhlaba Wangempela futhi owayeyingane engenanina futhi ocela ukukhoseliswa.
Ukuqala Kwendaba Engapheli
Indaba iqala lapho u-Bastián engena esitolo sika-Karl Konread Koreander, owayephethe ukudayisa izincwadi ezindala kakhulu. Lapho umnikazi ebonakala, uBastián uchaza ngokucophelela ukuthi kwenzekeni, njengoba kwakukhona afunda nabo esikoleni ayevame ukuhlekisa ngaye futhi bamhlasele.
Ngemva kokuba nengxoxo ebanzi nokusebenzisa ithuba lokunganaki komnikazi, uBastián omncane usethathe incwadi ethi indaba engapheli okwabamba ukunaka kwakhe ngenxa yophawu luka-Áuryn olusesembozweni.
Lapho umfana esesesikoleni wanquma ukucasha ekamelweni elingaphansi ukuze kungasondeli muntu; Usezizwa ekhululekile, athathe incwadi ayivule aqale ukufunda. Indaba elandiwe ikhombisa iphupho elihlala lisengozini ngenxa yesizathu esingaziwa esidala ukuthi izakhamuzi nezindawo ziqale ukunyamalala kancane kancane, zingashiyi lutho. Lokhu kungenzeki lutho kuthuthuka njengoba ukugula kukaMbusi kuqhubeka.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwendaba Engapheli
Njengoba isikhathi sihamba futhi abahlanganyeli abasha bethulwa endabeni, njenge-Dragon enombala omhlophe, i-Fújur, kanye nemisebenzi ehlukahlukene ye-Atreyu, le nsizwa okufanele ibhekane nayo ukuze izuze insindiso ephelele yombuso, kanye noMpress, okwazi ukugcina ukuxhumana no-Bastián ngencwadi.
Ingxenye yesibili ikhishwa ngokushesha iphetha ingxenye yokuqala. Igxile emaphusheni futhi ikhomba uhambo luka-Bastián phakathi kwayo nendlela azakha kabusha ngayo izinto ngomcabango wakhe.
Personajes
Bastian Baltasar Bux
Waziwa ngokuba umlingiswa wokuqala weNdaba Engapheli, ungumfana othola incwadi futhi maduzane ngemva kwalokho uzoyifunda ekamelweni elingaphansi lesikole sakhe. Ezithola esephakathi nencwadi, umfana omncane uba umlingisi emdlalweni, okhuluma neChildish Empress futhi uyamqinisekisa ukuthi uma izifiso zakhe zinkulu, i-Fantasia izokhula ngokwengeziwe.
Nokho, u-Bastian omncane wayengazi ukuthi njalo lapho enza isifiso sokwenza i-Fantasia ibe ngcono, enye yezinkumbulo zakhe izoshabalala.
I-Atreyu
Kumayelana nomfana ongumzingeli wesizwe saMadoda Utshani, babuye baziwe ngokuthi Izikhumba Eziluhlaza. Abazali bakhe bashona ngenxa yenyathi ensomi esanda kuzalwa, yingakho ekhuliswe isigodi sonke.
Nguye lowo u-Empress amkhethayo ukwenza i-Great Quest ukuze ahlenge izwe laseFantasia.
Indlovukazi Efana Nengane
IChildish Empress eyaziwa ngokuba yiNgonyama yedolobha laseFantasia, yayihlala embhoshongweni we-Ivory eSigodlweni esimaphakathi nedolobha.
Uchazwa njengentombazane enhle, engakadluli iminyaka eyishumi nakuba emdala kakhulu kunabanye. Izinwele zakhe zazimhlophe njengeqhwa futhi ingubo yakhe namehlo kunemibala yegolide.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi intombazanyana ingumbusi osemthethweni weFantasy, ayiphoqeleli izakhamuzi zayo ukuba zenze noma yini ngaphandle kokuba zifuna ukuba njengoba zifuna ukuba ngaphandle kokuphikisana ukuze zihlukanise phakathi kokuhle nokubi noma ubuhle nobubi ukuze ngale ndlela bazame. i-Corporeal Fantasy futhi yingakho izakhamuzi ngayinye ziyihlonipha.
Uma efa, isidalwa sakhe ngasinye sizofa kancane kancane ngoba ungaphezu kwenhliziyo kaFantasia. Uma efa le ndawo izonyamalala.
I-Auryn
Kuwuphawu olusetshenziswa yi-Childish Empress, yingakho zonke izakhamuzi ze-Fantasy zihlonipha kuze kube sezingeni eliphezulu lokungakhulumi igama lakhe langempela, ngoba bakhetha ukubhekisela kulolu phawu njengegugu, i-Pentacle noma i-Splendor.
Indondo inikeza isivikelo esiphelele kunoma ubani oyigqokile, njengoba kungekho muntu ohlala ku-Fantasy ongakwazi ukuthinta umuntu ogqoke lolu phawu.
I-Fújur, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Falkor noma i-Falcor
Eyaziwa ngokuba ngudrako omhlophe onikeza inhlanhla, ngesikhathi esifanayo ingenye yezinhlobo ezingavamile ze-Fantasy ngoba ama-dragons anenhlanhla awanakho ukufana namadragoni avamile. Ziyizidalwa zomoya futhi ezinesimo sezulu esihle futhi naphezu kokuba zinkulu zinesisindo esifanayo nesamafu ehlobo; Yingakho zingadingi amaphiko ukuze zikwazi ukundiza.
Banomzimba omude futhi oguquguquka ngokuphelele ngaphezu kokuba nezikali zomama weparele kanye namehlo anombala we-ruby; ngakolunye uhlangothi, zibhukuda esibhakabhakeni njengenhlanzi emanzini futhi lapho phansi zibukeka njengombani ohamba kancane. Nokho into egqame kakhulu ngala madragoni ingoma yawo, kuthiwa noma ngabe ngubani oyizwayo akasoze ayikhohlwa.
Yayinjani Inqubo Yokudala Yendaba Engapheli?
Indaba yokuthi uMichael Ende waqala kanjani ukubhala inoveli yakhe ephumelele kakhulu yayingapheli. Yaqala ngo-February 1997 ngenxa yenkampani yomhleli u-Hansjörg Weitbrecht (umbhali we-Genzano).
Ngemuva kokuthi kukhulunywe ngesihloko sencwadi elandelayo ezoshicilelwa, uMichael wanquma ukuphenya ibhokisi lezicathulo elidala futhi azinike ithuba lokukhiqiza izigidi zemibono.
Ephepheni wabhala isifinyezo esifushane esifundeka kanje: "Ingane icosha incwadi, ingaphakathi ngokoqobo endabeni, futhi inenkinga yokuphuma." Lapho isigunyaziwe, i-Ende yaqinisekisa ukuthi lo mbhalo wesandla wawuyoqedwa ngaphambi kukaKhisimusi walowo nyaka; Uveze ukuthi lo msebenzi uzoba lula futhi uzithola eseyedwa, wazibuza ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi andise ukwaziswa kwakhe ukuze aqedele inani elithile lamakhasi.
Umzimba wencwadi uthuthuke phambi kwamehlo ombhali we indaba engapheli; kungakabiphi wazithola esecela ukwelulelwa isikhathi, kwazise le ncwadi izoba yinde kunalokho obekulindelekile kodwa kwabuye kwalinganiselwa ukuthi izoqedwa ngaphambi kokuwa konyaka ka-1979. Nokho, esifundweni yonyaka ka-1978 akekho kubashicileli owagcina isaziso sombhali.
Imininingwane engaphezulu
Ngemva kokudlula kwekwindla yalowo nyaka, uMichael ekugcineni wazimemezela futhi incwadi yayingakaqedwa, uBastián omncane wayengakakwazi ukuphuma edolobheni laseFantasia futhi yena, njengombhali, kwakudingeka aqhubeke nohambo lwakhe.
Isimemezelo esilandelayo sika-Ende sashiya abanye abamemezeli bekhathazekile, njengoba echaza ukuthi le ncwadi idinga umklamo okhethekile njengomqulu wesikhumba onama-inlays omama weparele futhi isebenza ngezinsimbi zethusi ezihlukahlukene.
Umzabalazo ka-Ende wokuphuma emhlabeni ayewudalile waphenduka umsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi sokuxoxa nomhleli wakhe, wabheka cishe onqenqemeni lokuphelelwa ithemba; lokhu kwakuyisimo esibi kakhulu sokusinda kwemibhalo ngaphandle uma u-Ende ekwazile ukuphuma edolobheni laseFantasia, ngaphandle kwalokho uBastian omncane wayezovaleleka lapho.
ekupheleni konyaka
Ngasekupheleni konyaka wayekholelwa ukuthi kunezimo zemvelo ezazimakhela uzungu, njengoba ubusika bango-1978 no-1979 babungezinye zezinto ezibanda kakhulu kuze kube manje; Izinga lokushisa lalingaphansi kwama-degree ayishumi futhi izindlu zaseGenzano zazingakulungele ukumelana namazinga okushisa anjalo. Nebala kwa-Ende kwakungenjalo ngoba nakuba ayebanda kodwa waqhubeka nokusebenza kanzima le ndoda yaze yagcina ishaye isikhonkwane ekhanda.
I-Symbology Yendaba Engapheli
Lo msebenzi wokubhala waziwa ngokuba yincwadi eziqukethe yona, ngaphakathi kwendaba indaba exoxwa kuyo ivele, bese ixoxwa futhi; konke lokhu ukuthola izincazelo ezahlukene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuqhubeka nezigigaba zika-Bastián omncane kwakuwukufuna ukuqhubeka nezigigaba zothile ovalelwe ezincwadini.
Akukho lutho
Ibonisa i-Shattered Fantasy futhi imelela umcabango omncane abantu abanawo ekuphileni kwangempela, ukuthi abasaphuphi futhi abasakholelwa.
Bastian
Njengoba umfana omncane efunda, wenza kucace nakakhulu ukuthi kufanele aqanjwe igama elisha, nokho, udinga isibindi esengeziwe; lokho u-Ende afuna ukuveza ngalokhu akukhona okubonakala sengathi, ngoba u-Bastián ukhungathekile ngokufunda, noma kunjalo, ukuzijabulisa kwakhe kuphela kwakungekhona nje ukufunda, ngoba ngesikhathi esithile lo mfana omncane wayezoxoxa indaba yakhe. Lokhu kukhomba ukunikezwa kwegama kuNkosazana, Nothingness iyanda njengoba abantu bengasaphuphi futhi bengakholwa.
Ikhehla Lentaba Ezulazulayo
Kungashiwo ukuthi lo umlingiswa onemfihlakalo enkulu kunazo zonke kule noveli, njengoba kwakunjalo noMpress. Kungashiwo ukuthi intombazane futhi ikhehla futhi enye yezinkomba yavela lapho uMthwakazi egibela isitebhisi esincane esakhiwe ngezinhlamvu ezimenza afinyelele kule ndawo.
“Izinhlamvu zamagama azizange zimphathe kahle ngaso sonke isikhathi”, kungathiwa i-Childish Empress iwugqozi olukhulu lokuqamba izindaba, futhi ikhehla liwukuqina okudingekayo ukuze kuthathwe indaba emnandi.
Yenza okufunayo
Ibinzana elithi "yenza okufunayo" elichazwe edolobheni lamaphupho enoveli ka indaba engapheli Akabonisi ukuthi u-Bastián omncane angenza konke akufunayo, ubhekisela eqinisweni lokuthi kubalulekile ukuthi alandele isifiso sakhe ngasinye aze athole Intando Yakhe Yangempela, lokhu kuwukusesha komfana omncane edolobheni laseFantasia.
Okungokoqobo
U-Bastián ufuna ukuthola iNtando yakhe Yangempela kodwa izithiyo ezihlukene zime endleleni yakhe futhi ngokwenza izinto angazifuni ngempela, uwela kakhulu ekubhujisweni. Zonke izifiso zikaBastián omncane zimenza akhohlwe kakhulu ngezwe langempela, elingasamkhathazi, nokho-ke ongakhumbuli lutho angafisi lutho; Ngesikhathi sokulahlekelwa inkumbulo yakhe yokugcina, omncane ngeke akwazi ukufisa noma yini.
Ngale ndlela, lapho umbhali elahleka emhlabeni wakhe wefantasy futhi akhohlwe iqiniso, akunakwenzeka ukuba enze imibono emisha. Isisekelo sokudala singokoqobo.
Ukuguqulwa komsebenzi wesinema
- Indaba Engapheli III, i-adaptation edlalwa u-Julie Cox, u-Jason James Ritcher, uJack Black noMelody Kay, kwaba ngumsebenzi okhishwe ngo-1994. Indaba ihlezi isekelwe emsebenzini wokuqala ka- indaba engapheliNokho, indaba entsha.
- Die unendliche Geschichte, edume ngokuba ngowokuqala ukujwayela indaba engapheli, kwakuwumsebenzi owaboniswa okokuqala ngo-1948, owawuqondiswa uWolfgang Petersen, owayedlala indawo ka-Barret Oliven edlala indawo ka-Bastián, uTami Stronach njengo-Childlike Empress noNoah Hathaway njengo-Atreyu.
- Ifilimu igxile engxenyeni yokuqala yencwadi kuze kube yisikhathi lapho u-Bastian efika e-Fantasia. Ngakolunye uhlangothi u-Ende uphumele obala waphumela obala ngokuphoxeka kwakhe ngalo mphumela, waze wathi ifilimu egcwele ama-commercial melodrama, wabe esecela ukuthi igama lakhe lisuswe emalini ale filimu.
- Indaba Engapheli II: Isahluko Esilandelayo, umdlalo owawuqondiswa uGeorge T. Miller kanye noJonathan Brandis wawungumdlalo owanyatheliswa ngo-1990. Wagxila ekusebenziseni izici zengxenye yesibili yesakhiwo sokuqala, nokho, walahlekelwa yiyo yonke ingqikithi yomsebenzi wokuqala.
Uma uyithandile le ndatshana, sikumema ukuthi ufunde le enye mayelana nayo Isifinyezo Somsebenzi Ibhodwe Okufanele ukwazi!
Momo, incwadi kaMichael Ende ngomunye umsebenzi obonisa izingqikithi ezifanayo zephupho neqiniso. Futhi, uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe Izinganekwane zaseBasque, sincoma ukuthi ungaphuthelwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe I-Kafka kanye Nodoli Ohambayo, kuphinde kube yindaba ekhuluma ngezigigaba zesintu ezincwadini zangaleso sikhathi.
Uma unentshisekelo esihlokweni se I-Hollywood yenza kabusha futhi iqalise kabusha, ungafunda ngezindaba ezidumile njengalezo zika Indaba engapheli.